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Andreasson KH, Sandell Jacobsen J, Leth Egsgaard A, Rauff Denby K, Hyldgaard C, Bodtger U, Suppli Ulrik C, Schaadt L, Courtney R, Schmidt AM. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the self evaluation of breathing questionnaire (SEBQ) into Danish. Eur Clin Respir J 2024; 11:2413318. [PMID: 39529704 PMCID: PMC11552257 DOI: 10.1080/20018525.2024.2413318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Dysfunctional breathing (DB) with or without an underlying medical condition is associated with impaired quality of life. DB-related symptoms can be measured with the 25-item Self Evaluation of Breathing Questionnaire (SEBQ). However, the SEBQ is not available in Danish.The aim of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the SEBQ into Danish and to assess the face validity of the Danish version of the questionnaire in individuals with DB-related symptoms. Materials and Methods The SEBQ was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Danish using an internationally acknowledged six-step forward-backward translation guideline in an interactive process with an expert committee of clinicians, translators, methodologists and the SEBQ developer. Face validity was explored through semi-structured interviews with 24 adult individuals with DB-related symptoms (age 20-70 years, female n = 14). Results The SEBQ was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted into Danish. Three major modifications were made following the translation process and participant interviews. First, an introductory paragraph, including a recall period of the previous seven days, was added. Second, the administration of the questionnaire was changed from a paper to an electronic version. Finally, adaptations regarding semantic equivalence, especially concerning being 'breathless' and 'short of breath', were performed. The participants expressed that the final version of the SEBQ embraced their DB-related symptoms, was understandable, and easy to complete. Conclusion The SEBQ is the first available Danish questionnaire to measure DB-related symptoms, following an internationally acknowledged cross-cultural adaptation and face validity evaluation approach. This promising validation should be followed by an assessment of measurement properties in individuals with DB-related symptoms to investigate the adequacy of the SEBQ in a Danish context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hjerrild Andreasson
- PROgrez research and implementation unit, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Naestved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Naestved, Denmark
- Respiratory Research Unit in Region Zealand (PLUZ) Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julie Sandell Jacobsen
- Research Centre for Rehabilitation, VIA University College, Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Leth Egsgaard
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Kate Rauff Denby
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Hyldgaard
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Uffe Bodtger
- Respiratory Research Unit in Region Zealand (PLUZ) Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Suppli Ulrik
- Respiratory Research Unit Hvidovre, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Schaadt
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosalba Courtney
- School of Health Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Mette Schmidt
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
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van Dijk YE, Keuker VSL, Hashimoto S, Rutjes NW, van Muilekom MM, Golebski K, Van Litsenburg RRL, Terheggen-Lagro SWJ, van Ewijk BE, Gemke RJBJ, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Vijverberg SJH. Fatigue in severe pediatric asthma patients: Results of the PANDA study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14262. [PMID: 39450694 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a commonly reported clinical symptom, yet research on fatigue in children with severe asthma is missing. We aimed to explore the extent of fatigue in severe pediatric asthma and identify associated factors. METHOD This study was conducted within the Pediatric Asthma Non-Invasive Diagnostic Approaches (PANDA), an observational cohort of 6- to 17-year-old Dutch children with severe asthma. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL™-MFS) was used to measure self-reported fatigue. Fatigue levels were compared with a general pediatric Dutch population using linear regression, and quantifying the prevalence of "fatigued" (-2 < Standard deviations [SD] ≤ -1) and "severely fatigued" (SD ≤ -2) children. Secondly, we performed linear regression analyses to explore whether fatigue levels were independently associated with asthma attacks, comorbidities, medication, pulmonary function, symptom control, and asthma-related quality of life (QoL). RESULTS Severe pediatric asthma patients (n = 78, mean age 11.8 ± 3.1 years) reported significantly more fatigue than Dutch peers (n = 328, mean age 11.8 ± 3.2 years) mean difference in z-score: -0.68; 95%CI -0.96, -0.40. In the severe asthma group, 28.2% scored as "fatigued" and 15.4% as "severely fatigued," compared with 14.0% and 3.4% in the general population. In pediatric asthma patients, asthma-related QoL (β = 0.77, p < .01, ΔR2 = .43), symptom control (β = 0.56, p < .01, ΔR2 = .24) and a dysfunctional breathing pattern (β = -0.36, p < .01, ΔR2 = .12) were most strongly associated with fatigue scores. CONCLUSION Fatigue is a common symptom in children with severe asthma and is associated with multiple clinical factors and patient-reported outcomes. It should be considered as an important treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoni E van Dijk
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health and Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie S L Keuker
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Hashimoto
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels W Rutjes
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Childrens' Hospital UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maud M van Muilekom
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health and Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kornel Golebski
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Suzanne W J Terheggen-Lagro
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Childrens' Hospital UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart E van Ewijk
- Department of Paediatrics, Tergooi Medical Centre, Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud J B J Gemke
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Childrens' Hospital UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anke H Maitland-van der Zee
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health and Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne J H Vijverberg
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health and Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Karkouli G, Douros K, Moriki D, Moutsatsou P, Giannopoulou I, Maratou E, Koumpagioti D. Dysfunctional Breathing in Children: A Literature Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:556. [PMID: 38790551 PMCID: PMC11120484 DOI: 10.3390/children11050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunctional breathing (DB) describes a respiratory condition that is mainly characterized by abnormal breathing patterns, affecting both children and adults, often leading to intermittent or chronic complaints and influencing physiological, psychological, and social aspects. Some symptoms include breathlessness; dizziness; palpitations; and anxiety, while its classification lies in breathing pattern disorders and upper airway involvement. Its prevalence among the pediatric population varies with a female overrepresentation, while the existence of comorbidities in DB, such as asthma, gastro-esophageal reflux, nasal diseases, and anxiety/depression, frequently leads to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis and complicates therapeutic approaches. The basic diagnostic tools involve a detailed history, physical examination, and procedures such as structured light plethysmography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and laryngoscopy when a laryngeal obstruction is present. The management of DB presumes a multidimensional approach encompassing breathing retraining, disease-specific advice through speech and language therapy in the presence of laryngeal obstruction, psychotherapy for fostering self-efficacy, and surgical therapy in a structural abnormality. The current review was developed to provide a summary of classifications of DB and epidemiological data concerning the pediatric population, comorbidities, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic approaches to enhance the comprehension and management of DB in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karkouli
- Allergology and Pulmonology Unit, 3rd Pediatric Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Douros
- Allergology and Pulmonology Unit, 3rd Pediatric Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Dafni Moriki
- Allergology and Pulmonology Unit, 3rd Pediatric Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (P.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Ioanna Giannopoulou
- Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eirini Maratou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (P.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Despoina Koumpagioti
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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4
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Hossny E, Adachi Y, Anastasiou E, Badellino H, Custovic A, El-Owaidy R, El-Sayed ZA, Filipovic I, Gomez RM, Kalayci Ö, Le Souëf P, Miligkos M, Morais-Almeida M, Nieto A, Phipatanakul W, Shousha G, Teijeiro A, Wang JY, Wong GW, Xepapadaki P, Yong SB, Papadopoulos NG. Pediatric asthma comorbidities: Global impact and unmet needs. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100909. [PMID: 38827329 PMCID: PMC11141278 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Real-world data on the range and impact of comorbid health conditions that affect pediatric asthma are scant, especially from developing countries. Lack of data hinders effective diagnosis, treatment, and overall management of these complex cases. We, hereby, describe the common pediatric asthma comorbid conditions in terms of evidence for association, potential mechanisms of impact on asthma control, and treatment benefit. Obesity, upper airway allergies, dysfunctional breathing, multiple sensitizations, depressive disorders, food allergy, and gastro-esophageal reflux are common associations with difficult-to-treat asthma. On the other hand, asthma symptoms and/or management may negatively impact the well-being of children through drug adverse effects, worsening of anaphylaxis symptoms, and disturbing mental health. Awareness of these ailments may be crucial for designing the optimum care for each asthmatic child individually and may ultimately improve the quality of life of patients and their families. A multidisciplinary team of physicians is required to identify and manage such comorbidities aiming to mitigate the over-use of asthma pharmacotherapy. Asthma research should target relevant real-world difficulties encountered at clinical practice and focus on interventions that would mitigate the impact of such comorbidities. Finally, policymakers and global healthcare organizations are urged to recognize pediatric asthma control as a healthcare priority and allocate resources for research and clinical interventions. In other words, global asthma control needs support by compassionate scientific partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hossny
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Pediatric Allergy Center, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Eleni Anastasiou
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Héctor Badellino
- Faculty of Psychology, UCES University, San Francisco, Argentina
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rasha El-Owaidy
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab A. El-Sayed
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ömer Kalayci
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Miligkos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Antonio Nieto
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ghada Shousha
- Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alvaro Teijeiro
- Respiratory Department, Pediatric Hospital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Allergy, Immunology and Microbiome Research Center, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gary W.K. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Su Boon Yong
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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5
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Wang KCW, Blakey JD. Impacts of sex and gender on severe asthma. Thorax 2024; 79:391-392. [PMID: 38453471 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-221117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley C W Wang
- The University of Western Australia School of Human Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John D Blakey
- Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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6
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Peiffer C. Puzzled by dysfunctional breathing disorder(s)? Consider the Bayesian brain hypothesis! Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1270556. [PMID: 37877012 PMCID: PMC10593455 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1270556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently growing clinical concern regarding dysfunctional breathing disorder(s) (DBD), an umbrella term for a set of multidimensional clinical conditions that are characterized by altered breathing pattern associated with a variety of intermittent or chronic symptoms, notably dyspnea, in the absence or in excess of, organic disease. However, several aspects of DBD remain poorly understood and/or open to debate, especially the inconsistent relationship between the array of experienced symptoms and their supposedly underlying mechanisms. This may be partly due to a more general problem, i.e., the prevailing way we conceptualize symptoms. In the present article, after a brief review of the different aspects of DBD from the current perspective, I submit a call for considering DBD under the innovating perspective of the Bayesian brain hypothesis, i.e., a potent and novel model that fundamentally changes our views on symptom perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Peiffer
- Dyspnea Clinic, Department of Physiology, University Children Hospital Robert Debré (AP-HP), Paris, France
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7
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Duignan N, Ridge P, Leonard S, McDonnell M, Cusack R, Harrison M, Rutherford R, O'Malley N, Dolan C. Expanded central role of the respiratory physiotherapists in the community setting. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:1581-1588. [PMID: 36380190 PMCID: PMC9666941 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of community hubs through the Slaintecare initiative will rely on respiratory physiotherapists and clinical nurse specialists for the management of chronic respiratory diseases. The role of the respiratory physiotherapist has evolved dramatically over the last decade. We review the increasing scope of practice of the physiotherapist and the evidence base for same. We pay particular attention to the role of the physiotherapist in areas such as pulmonary rehabilitation, sputum clearance, neuromuscular disease, chronic respiratory failure, ambulatory oxygen assessments and dysfunctional breathing. We give an in depth review of sputum clearance techniques. We also address areas of potential future expansion for the role of the physiotherapist such as prescription and initiation of non-invasive ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Duignan
- Department of Respiratory Physiotherapists, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Padraic Ridge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Leonard
- Department of Respiratory Physiotherapists, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Melissa McDonnell
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ruth Cusack
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Harrison
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert Rutherford
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Niamh O'Malley
- Department of Respiratory Physiotherapists, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ciara Dolan
- Department of Respiratory Physiotherapists, Galway University Hospitals, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
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8
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Wells C, Makariou I, Barker N, Thevasagayam R, Sonnappa S. Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young people: Approaches to assessment and management. Paediatr Respir Rev 2023:S1526-0542(23)00018-0. [PMID: 37210300 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Exercise Induced Laryngeal Obstruction (EILO) is characterised by breathlessness, cough and/or noisy breathing particularly during high intensity exercise. EILO is a subcategory of inducible laryngeal obstruction where exercise is the trigger that provokes inappropriate transient glottic or supraglottic narrowing. It is a common condition affecting 5.7-7.5% of the general population and is a key differential diagnosis for young athletes presenting with exercise related dyspnoea where prevalence rates go as high as 34%. Although the condition has been recognised for a long time, little attention, and awareness of the condition results in many young people dropping out of sporting participation due to troublesome symptoms. With evolving understanding of the condition, diagnostic tests and interventions, this review looks to present the current available evidence and best practice when managing young people with EILO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wells
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, The Royal Brompton Hospital Part of Guy's and ST Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; University of East Anglia, Health Sciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Ioannis Makariou
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, The Royal Brompton Hospital Part of Guy's and ST Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicki Barker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ravi Thevasagayam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Samatha Sonnappa
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, The Royal Brompton Hospital Part of Guy's and ST Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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9
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Ryan D, Kalayci Ö, Eigenmann P. Editorial comment on "Dysfunctional breathing and its impact on asthma control in children and adolescents". Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13938. [PMID: 36974642 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dermot Ryan
- Locum General Practitioner and Honorary Clinical Research Fellow, Asthma UK Centre of Applied Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Vice-President Respiratory Effectiveness Group
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group
| | - Ömer Kalayci
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Philippe Eigenmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Grillo L, Russell AM, Shannon H, Lewis A. Physiotherapy assessment of breathing pattern disorder: a qualitative evaluation. BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:e001395. [PMID: 36627142 PMCID: PMC9835958 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore physiotherapists' opinions of physiotherapy assessment of Breathing Pattern Disorder (BPD). METHODS Qualitative study using focus groups (FGs) with reflexive thematic analysis and survey methods. The survey was distributed via social media and email to UK specialist physiotherapy interest groups. Two FGs, conducted in different settings, included physiotherapists based in hospital outpatients/community, private practice and higher education. RESULTS One-hundred-and-three physiotherapists completed the survey. Respondents identified a lack of consensus in how to define BPD, but some agreement in the components to include in assessment. Fifteen physiotherapists participated in the FGs. Three themes emerged from FG discussions: (1) nomenclature and language of breathing, (2) BPD and breathlessness and (3) The value of assessment of breathlessness. CONCLUSION The inconsistent nomenclature of dysfunctional breathing pattern impacts assessment, management and understanding of the diagnosis. Clarity in diagnosis, informing consistency in assessment, is fundamental to improving recognition and treatment of BPD. The findings are useful in the planning of education, training, future research and guideline development in BPD assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizzie Grillo
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | | | - Harriet Shannon
- Physiotherapy, Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Lewis
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
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11
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Vahlkvist S, Jürgensen L, Hell TD, Petersen TH, Kofoed PE. Dysfunctional breathing and its impact on asthma control in children and adolescents. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13909. [PMID: 36705034 PMCID: PMC10107993 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctional breathing (DB) has been shown to negatively affect asthma control in adults, but for children and adolescents, the knowledge is scarce. DB is among others characterized by dyspnea and hyperventilation. The Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) is often used as a marker for DB. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to estimate the prevalence of DB in patients with asthma in a pediatric outpatient clinic and to determine the impact of DB on asthma control. METHODS Patients between 10 and 17 years were invited to complete the NQ and the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and report the use of beta2 agonist (β2). Spirometry data and prescribed asthma medications were noted from the patient record. RESULTS Three hundred and sixty-three patients (180 boys) completed the survey. Sixty-seven patients (18%) scored ≥23 points in the NQ predicting DB. The DB group was older (median (range)) 15.6 (10.5-17.9) vs. 13.7 (10.0-17.9) years) (p < .01), and girls were overrepresented (84%) (p < .01). FEV1% exp. was higher in the DB group (mean (SD)) (89.4 (9.0) vs. 85.7 (11.8)) (p < .02). ACQ score (median (range)) (2.0 (0-4) vs. 0.6 (0-3.4)) (p < .01) and the use of β2 (median (range)) (2 (0-56) vs. 0 (0-20) puffs/week) (p < .01) were higher. Inhaled corticosteroid dose (mean (SD) (416 (160) vs. 420 (150) mcg) and the use of a second controller were equal between the groups. CONCLUSION Dysfunctional breathing was a frequent comorbidity, especially in adolescent girls. DB correlated with poorer asthma control and higher use of β2 and may be an important cofactor in difficult-to-treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Vahlkvist
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Louise Jürgensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Tine Detlefsen Hell
- Department of Physio- and Occupational Therapy, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Thomas Houmann Petersen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Poul-Erik Kofoed
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
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12
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Licari A, Andrenacci B, Di Cicco ME, Leone M, Marseglia GL, Tosca M. Respiratory comorbidities in severe asthma: focus on the pediatric age. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:1-13. [PMID: 36631726 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2168261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma comorbidities are a frequent cause of adverse outcomes, such as poor asthma control, frequent asthma attacks, reduced quality of life, and higher healthcare costs. Comorbidities are well-known treatable traits whose proper management can help achieve optimal asthma control. Although multimorbidity is frequent among asthmatics, comorbidities are still a potential cause of misdiagnosis and under or over treatments, and little is known about their impact on severe pediatric asthma. AREAS COVERED We provided a comprehensive, 5-year updated review focusing on the main respiratory comorbidities in severe asthma, particularly in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and current and future therapies. EXPERT OPINION Respiratory comorbidities have unique characteristics in childhood. Their management must be multidisciplinary, age-specific, and integrated. Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand better the mutual interrelation and synergistic effect between asthma and its respiratory comorbidities, the identification of common, treatable risk factors leading to potential asthma prevention, the effectiveness of actual and future target-therapies, and the correlation between long-lasting respiratory comorbidities and poor lung function trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Andrenacci
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tosca
- Allergy Centre, IRCCS G. Gaslini Pediatric Hospital, Genova, Italy
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13
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Easton S, Ainsworth B, Thomas M, Latter S, Knibb R, Cook A, Wilding S, Bahrami‐Hessari M, Kennington E, Gibson D, Wilkins H, Yardley L, Roberts G. Planning a digital intervention for adolescents with asthma (BREATHE4T): A theory-, evidence- and Person-Based Approach to identify key behavioural issues. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2589-2602. [PMID: 35932183 PMCID: PMC9826240 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe a transparent approach to planning a digital intervention for adolescents to self-manage their asthma using breathing retraining (BRT), based on an existing, effective adult intervention (BREATHE). METHODS A theory-, evidence-, and Person-Based Approach was used to maximise the effectiveness and persuasiveness of the intervention. A scoping review and semistructured interviews with target intervention users (N = 18, adolescents aged 12-17 years with asthma and parents) were carried out to explore user perspectives, barriers, and facilitators towards the intended behaviours and potential intervention features. The combined evidence was used alongside and to inform theory-based activities and enabled iterative planning of the intervention. RESULTS The scoping review identified themes relating to user-specific self-management issues, content, education, training needs, and features for a digital intervention. Interviews elicited potential barriers to intended behaviours such as the anticipated embarrassment of using BRT and concerns around remaining calm. Facilitators included BRT delivered by adolescents who share experiences of asthma and information for performing exercises discreetly. Relevant theoretical frameworks ensured that appropriate psychological constructs were targeted. A behavioural analysis identified six intervention functions and thirty behaviour change techniques. Logic modelling mapped the programme theory and mechanisms, which aims to improve adolescent asthma-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS This study gives a transparent insight into the approach followed to plan a self-guided BRT intervention for adolescents and has led to identification of key behavioural issues, enabling relevant intervention content to be chosen. Insight has been given into adolescent perceptions of BRT, which facilitated development of the prototype intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Easton
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Ben Ainsworth
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of BathBathUK
| | - Mike Thomas
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Sue Latter
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Rebecca Knibb
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of AstonBirminghamUK
| | - Amber Cook
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Sam Wilding
- Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Michael Bahrami‐Hessari
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | | | - Denise Gibson
- Physiotherapy DepartmentUniversity Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Hannah Wilkins
- Physiotherapy DepartmentUniversity Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Lucy Yardley
- Centre for Clinical and Community Applications of Health PsychologyUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Graham Roberts
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
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14
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Varkonyi-Sepp J, Freeman A, Ainsworth B, Kadalayil LP, Haitchi HM, Kurukulaaratchy RJ. Multimorbidity in Difficult Asthma: The Need for Personalised and Non-Pharmacological Approaches to Address a Difficult Breathing Syndrome. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1435. [PMID: 36143220 PMCID: PMC9500722 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three to ten percent of people living with asthma have difficult-to-treat asthma that remains poorly controlled despite maximum levels of guideline-based pharmacotherapy. This may result from a combination of multiple adverse health issues including aggravating comorbidities, inadequate treatment, suboptimal inhaler technique and/or poor adherence that may individually or collectively contribute to poor asthma control. Many of these are potentially "treatable traits" that can be pulmonary, extrapulmonary, behavioural or environmental factors. Whilst evidence-based guidelines lead clinicians in pharmacological treatment of pulmonary and many extrapulmonary traits, multiple comorbidities increase the burden of polypharmacy for the patient with asthma. Many of the treatable traits can be addressed with non-pharmacological approaches. In the current healthcare model, these are delivered by separate and often disjointed specialist services. This leaves the patients feeling lost in a fragmented healthcare system where clinical outcomes remain suboptimal even with the best current practice applied in each discipline. Our review aims to address this challenge calling for a paradigm change to conceptualise difficult-to-treat asthma as a multimorbid condition of a "Difficult Breathing Syndrome" that consequently needs a holistic personalised care attitude by combining pharmacotherapy with the non-pharmacological approaches. Therefore, we propose a roadmap for an evidence-based multi-disciplinary stepped care model to deliver this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Varkonyi-Sepp
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Clinical Health Psychology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Anna Freeman
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ben Ainsworth
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Latha Perunthadambil Kadalayil
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Hans Michael Haitchi
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ramesh J. Kurukulaaratchy
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Respiratory Medicine Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- The David Hide Asthma & Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight, Newport PO30 5TG, UK
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15
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Plaza-González S, Zabala-Baños MDC, Astasio-Picado Á, Jurado-Palomo J. Psychological and Sociocultural Determinants in Childhood Asthma Disease: Impact on Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052652. [PMID: 35270342 PMCID: PMC8909745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. The presence of this pathology in children leads to the appearance of different alterations (physical, psychological, social, etc.). Due to their high influence, the aim of this study is to understand these psychological and sociocultural determinants and their impact on the quality of life of asthmatic children. In order to determine the influence of these determinants on quality of life, a narrative review of 48 articles collected in different databases was carried out. Emotions are the most powerful precursor to producing an asthmatic attack. Anxiety and depression are the pathologies that appear frequently associated with childhood asthma, together with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. In addition, the personality of these children seems to be characterized by shyness and impulsivity, although exceptionally it has been associated with psychopathic behaviors, aggressiveness, and cases of psychosis. School performance is impaired and bullying occurs more frequently. Likewise, dysfunctional family relationships and lower socioeconomic status have a negative impact on the severity and management of asthma. In short, the quality of life of asthmatic children is lower due to the presence of the aforementioned psychological and sociocultural determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Plaza-González
- Nursing Department, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María del Carmen Zabala-Baños
- Physiotherapy, Nursing and Physiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Toledo, Spain; (Á.A.-P.); (J.J.-P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Álvaro Astasio-Picado
- Physiotherapy, Nursing and Physiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Toledo, Spain; (Á.A.-P.); (J.J.-P.)
| | - Jesús Jurado-Palomo
- Physiotherapy, Nursing and Physiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Toledo, Spain; (Á.A.-P.); (J.J.-P.)
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16
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Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that results from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. There is no cure for asthma, and the management is usually as per published guidelines. As in many chronic diseases conditions, various alternative or complimentary therapies have been tried. Of these, yoga and pranayama have gained wider attention in recent years. While the term yoga is a complex term encompassing eight limbs as per Patamjai in the yoga sutras, in simple terms, yoga is described as a combination of 'asana' (physical exercises) and 'pranayama' (breathing exercise). The term "asthma" has been derived from the Greek word "panting,", which indicates a rapid and shallow breathing. The main aim of yoga and pranayama in asthma is to synchronize and control breathing, thus decreasing hyperventilation. Besides this, they also decrease the stress/strain/anxiety, change in behavior, boost immunity, and improve strength/endurance of respiratory muscles that are helpful in any subject with asthma. There have been a good number of studies including clinical trials in children with asthma that have found some beneficial effects. In the present review, the physiology of yoga and pranayama, rationale for their use in children with asthma along with a summary of various studies conducted till date, have been discussed. These are followed by recommendations regarding their incorporation in the standard of care of children with asthma.
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17
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Ronco L, Folino A, Goia M, Crida B, Esposito I, Bignamini E. Do not forget asthma comorbidities in pediatric severe asthma! Front Pediatr 2022; 10:932366. [PMID: 35967579 PMCID: PMC9372496 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.932366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in childhood. The long-term goals in managing asthma aim to control symptoms and prevent exacerbations, as well as to reduce side effects of therapy and mortality disease-related. Most of patients have mild to moderate asthma and respond well to standard therapies. However, a minor proportion of children with asthma has severe disease that remains uncontrolled despite optimal adherence to prescribed therapy and treatment of contributory factors, including trigger exposures and comorbidities, which can mimic or worsen asthma and contribute to exacerbations and poor quality of life. Evaluation of comorbidities is fundamental to optimize the management of the disease in a subgroup of patients with poor responder asthma. The overall aim of this article is to describe characteristics of main pediatric severe asthma comorbidities reported in literature, giving clinicians tools to recognize and manage properly these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ronco
- Department of Pediatric Science, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Folino
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Goia
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, AOU Cittá Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Crida
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, AOU Cittá Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Esposito
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, AOU Cittá Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bignamini
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, AOU Cittá Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
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18
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Deenstra DD, van Helvoort HAC, Djamin RS, van Zelst C, In't Veen JCCM, Antons JC, Spruit MA, van 't Hul AJ. Prevalence of hyperventilation in patients with asthma. J Asthma 2021; 59:1560-1567. [PMID: 34293267 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1959926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is frequently accompanied by dysfunctional breathing of which hyperventilation has been recognized as a subtype. The prevalence of hyperventilation in stable asthma has been scantily studied using blood gas analysis. Hence, a reliable estimate of its prevalence is lacking. It is unknown whether the Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) is a useful screening tool for hyperventilation in asthma. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hyperventilation in a large sample of patients with asthma in a stable state of disease. Secondary aims were to compare the clinical characteristics between patients with and without hyperventilation, and, to examine the concurrent validity of the NQ to detect hypocapnia in patients with asthma. METHODS A real-world, observational, multicenter study was conducted. Capillary blood gas analysis was performed in adults with a confirmed diagnosis of stable asthma. A subset of patients completed the NQ. RESULTS A blood gas analysis was obtained in 1006 patients. In 17% of the patients an acute hyperventilation was found, and in another 23% a chronic hyperventilation was uncovered. Patients with a chronic hyperventilation blood gas were more often female, were younger and had a better spirometric outcomes. The NQ appeared not to correlate with PCO2. CONCLUSION Hyperventilation is common in patients with stable asthma. Chronic hyperventilation is more often found in females of younger age and with the best spirometric outcomes compared to patients without hyperventilation. The NQ is not a suitable screening tool for the presence of hyperventilation in stable asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duco D Deenstra
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke A C van Helvoort
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco S Djamin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne van Zelst
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, STZ Centre of Excellence for Asthma & COPD, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C C M In't Veen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, STZ Centre of Excellence for Asthma & COPD, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine C Antons
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Research and Development, CIRO+, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J van 't Hul
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Tiotiu A, Ioan I, Poussel M, Schweitzer C, Kafi SA. Comparative analysis between available challenge tests in the hyperventilation syndrome. Respir Med 2021; 179:106329. [PMID: 33610050 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) is characterized by somatic/ psychological symptoms due to sustained hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis without any organic disease. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare ventilatory parameters and symptoms reproducibility during the hyperventilation provocation test (HVPT) and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) as diagnostic tools in patients with HVS, and to identify the most frequent etiologies of the HVS by a systematic assessment. METHODS After exclusion of organic causes, 59 patients with HVS according to Nijmegen's questionnaire (NQ) score ≥23 with associated hypocapnia (PaCO2/PETCO2<35 mm Hg) were studied. RESULTS The most frequent comorbidities of HVS were anxiety and asthma (respectively 95% and 73% of patients). All patients described ≥3 symptoms of NQ during the HVPT vs 14% of patients during the CPET (p<0.01). For similar maximal ventilation (61 L/min during HVPT vs 60 L/min during CPET), the median level of PETCO2 decreased from 30 mmHg at baseline to 15 mmHg during hyperventilation and increased from 31 mmHg at baseline to 34 mmHg at peak exercise (all p<0.01). No significant difference for the ventilatory parameters was found between patients with HVS (n = 16) and patients with HVS + asthma (n = 43). CONCLUSIONS In term of symptoms reproducibility, HVPT is a better diagnostic tool than CPET for HVS. An important proportion of patients with HVS has an atypical asthma previously misdiagnosed. The exercise-induced hyperventilation did not induce abnormal reduction in PETCO2, suggesting that the exercise could be a therapeutic tool in HVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Tiotiu
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage, Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH) Research Unit, University of Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Iulia Ioan
- Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage, Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH) Research Unit, University of Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Lung Function Testing Lab, Children's University Hospital, 8 Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mathias Poussel
- Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage, Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH) Research Unit, University of Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; University Centre of Sports Medicine and Adapted Physical Activity, Department of Pulmonary Function Testing and Exercise Physiology, 9 Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Schweitzer
- Development, Adaptation and Disadvantage, Cardiorespiratory Regulations and Motor Control (EA 3450 DevAH) Research Unit, University of Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Lung Function Testing Lab, Children's University Hospital, 8 Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sophia Abdel Kafi
- Department of Pulmonology, Jolimont Hospital, 159 Rue Ferrer, 7100, La Louvière, Belgium
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Severe asthma is often associated with numerous comorbidities that complicate disease management and affect patient's outcomes. They contribute to poor disease control and mimic asthma symptoms. Although some comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnea, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are generally well recognized, many other may remain undiagnosed but may be detected in an expert specialist setting. The management of comorbidities seems to improve asthma outcomes, and optimizes therapy by avoiding overtreatment. The present review provides recent knowledge regarding the most common comorbidities which are associated with severe asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Comorbidities are more prevalent in severe asthma than in mild-to-moderate disease or in the general population. They can be grouped into two large domains: the pulmonary domain and the extrapulmonary domain. Pulmonary comorbidities include upper respiratory tract disorders (obstructive sleep apnea, allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis) and middle/lower respiratory tract disorders (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and fungal sensitization, bronchiectasis, dysfunctional breathing). Extrapulmonary comorbidities include anxiety, depression, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. SUMMARY The identification of comorbidities via multidimensional approach is needed to initiate appropriate multidisciplinary management of patients with severe asthma.
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21
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Zou R, Wang S, Li F, Lin P, Zhang J, Wang Y, Xu Y, Wang C. Clinical characteristics and hemodynamic responses to head-up tilt test in children and adolescents with unexplained sighing. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:3343-3347. [PMID: 33411193 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sighing is a common symptom in children and adolescents. In this study, we explored the clinical characteristics and hemodynamic responses to head-up tilt test (HUTT) in children and adolescents with unexplained sighing. METHODS One hundred ninety-two children and adolescents complaining of unexplained sighing were enrolled as study group after excluding chest wall, lung, heart diseases, and psychogenic disorders. Sixty-nine healthy individuals were enrolled as control group. All the subjects underwent HUTT. RESULTS Nitroglycerin-stimulated HUTT positive rate was higher in the study group than the control group (24.0% vs 10.1%, P = 0.014). In total, 32.3% of patients with sighing had positive responses to HUTT, which was higher than that of healthy individuals (32.3% vs 15.9%, P = 0.009). Among 62 cases with positive responses to HUTT in the study group, 48 cases were vasoinhibitory type vasovagal syncope (VVS), 5 cases were mixed type VVS, 3 cases were cardioinhibitory type VVS, 5 cases were postural tachycardia syndrome, and one case was orthostatic hypertension. Sighing patients with positive responses to HUTT had female dominance (54.8% vs39.2%, P = 0.045), older mean age (9.6 ± 2.8 vs 8.1 ± 2.7 years old, P = 0.001), higher basic systolic blood pressure (104.8 ± 10.4 vs 101.1 ± 9.9 mmHg, P = 0.019), and higher diastolic blood pressure (66.0 ± 7.5 vs 62.9 ± 9.2 mmHg, P = 0.021) compared with those of negative responses. CONCLUSIONS : Nearly one-third of children and adolescents with unexplained sighing had positive responses to HUTT, demonstrating that sighing was related to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Elder female patients with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure were more likely to have positive responses to HUTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmei Zou
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Jishou University School of Medicine, Jishou, 416000, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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22
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Pedersen ESL, Ardura-Garcia C, de Jong CCM, Jochmann A, Moeller A, Mueller-Suter D, Regamey N, Singer F, Goutaki M, Kuehni CE. Diagnosis in children with exercise-induced respiratory symptoms: A multi-center study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:217-225. [PMID: 33079473 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise-induced respiratory symptoms (EIS) are common in childhood and reflect different diseases that can be difficult to diagnose. In children referred to respiratory outpatient clinics for EIS, we compared the diagnosis proposed by the primary care physician with the final diagnosis from the outpatient clinic and described diagnostic tests and treatments. DESIGN An observational study of respiratory outpatients aged 0-16 years nested in the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort (SPAC). PATIENTS We included children with EIS as the main reason for referral. Information about diagnostic investigations, final diagnosis, and treatment prescribed came from outpatient records. We included 214 children (mean age 12 years, range 2-17, 54% males) referred for EIS. RESULTS The final diagnosis was asthma in 115 (54%), extrathoracic dysfunctional breathing (DB) in 35 (16%), thoracic DB in 22 (10%), asthma plus DB in 23 (11%), insufficient fitness in 10 (5%), chronic cough in 6 (3%), and other diagnoses in 3 (1%). Final diagnosis differed from referral diagnosis in 115 (54%, 95%-CI 46%-60%). Spirometry, body plethysmography, and exhaled nitric oxide were performed in almost all, exercise-challenge tests in a third, and laryngoscopy in none. 91% of the children with a final diagnosis of asthma were prescribed inhaled medication and 50% of children with DB were referred to physiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis given at the outpatient clinic often differed from the diagnosis proposed by the referring physician. Diagnostic evaluations, management, and follow-up differed between clinics and diagnostic groups highlighting the need for evidence-based diagnostic guidelines and harmonized procedures for children seen for EIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva S L Pedersen
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Carmen C M de Jong
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja Jochmann
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Moeller
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Regamey
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Florian Singer
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,PedNet, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Myrofora Goutaki
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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23
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Hengeveld VS, van der Kamp MR, Thio BJ, Brannan JD. The Need for Testing-The Exercise Challenge Test to Disentangle Causes of Childhood Exertional Dyspnea. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:773794. [PMID: 35071131 PMCID: PMC8770982 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.773794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exertional dyspnea is a common symptom in childhood which can induce avoidance of physical activity, aggravating the original symptom. Common causes of exertional dyspnea are exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), dysfunctional breathing, physical deconditioning and the sensation of dyspnea when reaching the physiological limit. These causes frequently coexist, trigger one another and have overlapping symptoms, which can impede diagnoses and treatment. In the majority of children with exertional dyspnea, EIB is not the cause of symptoms, and in asthmatic children it is often not the only cause. An exercise challenge test (ECT) is a highly specific tool to diagnose EIB and asthma in children. Sensitivity can be increased by simulating real-life environmental circumstances where symptoms occur, such as environmental factors and exercise modality. An ECT reflects daily life symptoms and impairment, and can in an enjoyable way disentangle common causes of exertional dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Hengeveld
- Department of Pediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Mattiènne R van der Kamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Boony J Thio
- Department of Pediatrics, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - John D Brannan
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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24
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Pedersen ESL, de Jong CCM, Ardura-Garcia C, Mallet MC, Barben J, Casaulta C, Hoyler K, Jochmann A, Moeller A, Mueller-Suter D, Regamey N, Singer F, Goutaki M, Kuehni CE. Reported Symptoms Differentiate Diagnoses in Children with Exercise-Induced Respiratory Problems: Findings from the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort (SPAC). THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:881-889.e3. [PMID: 32961313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-induced breathing problems with similar clinical presentations can have different etiologies. This makes distinguishing common diagnoses such as asthma, extrathoracic and thoracic dysfunctional breathing (DB), insufficient fitness, and chronic cough difficult. OBJECTIVE We studied which parent-reported, exercise-induced symptoms can help distinguish diagnoses in children seen in respiratory outpatient clinics. METHODS This study was nested in the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort, an observational study of children aged 0 to 17 years referred to pediatric respiratory outpatient clinics in Switzerland. We studied children aged 6 to 17 years and compared information on exercise-induced symptoms from parent-completed questionnaires between children with different diagnoses. We used multinomial regression to analyze whether parent-reported symptoms differed between diagnoses (asthma as base). RESULTS Among 1109 children, exercise-induced symptoms were reported for 732 (66%) (mean age: 11 years, 318 of 732 [43%] female). Among the symptoms, dyspnea best distinguished thoracic DB (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-22) from asthma. Among exercise triggers, swimming best distinguished thoracic DB (RRR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3-6.2) and asthma plus DB (RRR: 1.8, 95% CI: 0.9-3.4) from asthma only. Late onset of symptoms was less common for extrathoracic DB (RRR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.5) and thoracic DB (RRR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-1.2) compared with asthma. Localization of dyspnea (throat vs chest) differed between extrathoracic DB (RRR: 2.3, 95% CI: 0.9-5.8) and asthma. Reported respiration phase (inspiration or expiration) did not help distinguish diagnoses. CONCLUSION Parent-reported symptoms help distinguish different diagnoses in children with exercise-induced symptoms. This highlights the importance of physicians obtaining detailed patient histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva S L Pedersen
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carmen C M de Jong
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Christina Mallet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Barben
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Casaulta
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital Chur, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Karin Hoyler
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Private Paediatric Practice Horgen, Horgen, Switzerland
| | - Anja Jochmann
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Moeller
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Regamey
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Florian Singer
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; PedNet, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Myrofora Goutaki
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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25
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Newson TP, Elias A. Breathing pattern disorders (dysfunctional breathing) characteristics and outcomes of children and young people attending a secondary care respiratory clinic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1736-1744. [PMID: 32449843 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
METHODS We retrospectively audited the health records of 18 patients with breathing pattern disorders (BPDs), who were diagnosed in our respiratory clinic (2015-2018), and then referred onto our dysfunctional breathing care pathway to a specialist speech and language therapist. RESULTS The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 16 years (median: 14 years, 14 female/4 male patients). Comorbidities included the following: 16 patients had asthma, 2 patients had a tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia repair, one patient suffered from chronic regional pain syndrome, and one patient had chronic fatigue syndrome. The commonest BPD was induced laryngeal obstruction (ILO) in 16 patients (exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction [EILO] in 15). Other types of BPDs included hyperventilation syndrome in seven patients, psychogenic cough in eight, and dysphonia in one. A single BPD was present in 6 patients (mainly EILO), and two or more BPDs were present in 10 patients. Inducers of BPD symptoms were as follows: exercise in 16 patients, bullying in 3, anxiety in 14, emotions and stress in 11, weather in 3, posture in 1, and odors in 3. Significant school absenteeism was observed in most of the patients (2 weeks to 24 months). Significant delays in diagnosing BPD were noted (range: 1-24 months and median: 6 months). Emergency calls occurred in 14 patients, with one patient presenting with ILO and comorbidity of asthma needing intubation and ventilation. A 1-year follow-up of patients showed that there was a complete resolution of BPD in two patients, 14 had good control of BPD with confidence in ability to control their symptoms, showing improved morbidity, two had no improvement, and one lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION It is important to recognize and treat BPD early to limit the significant morbidity that adversely impacts the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Newson
- Paediatric Department, East Kent Hospitals NHS University Foundation Trust, Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Annie Elias
- Speech and Language Department, Kent Community NHS Foundation Community Trust, Kent, UK
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26
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Circular RNA circHIPK3 modulates the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells by miR-326/STIM1 axis. Life Sci 2020; 255:117835. [PMID: 32450169 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Emerging findings demonstrate the critical roles of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) in asthma development. Nevertheless, the biological roles of circular RNA (circRNA) in airway remodeling are still elusive. Here, the present research focuses on the regulation of circRNA circHIPK3 in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) proliferation and migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sequence of circRNA was detected using Sanger sequencing. Cellular phenotypes were detected using CCK-8 assay, transwell and flow cytometer assay. The potential binding of miRNA and downstream and upstream targets was detected using dual-luciferase reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that circHIPK3 was significantly upregulated in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) induced ASMCs. Functional analysis using CCK-8, transwell migration assays and flow cytometry analysis showed that circHIPK3 knockdown repressed proliferation, migration and up-regulated the apoptosis in ASMCs. Mechanistic assays showed that circHIPK3 sponged miR-326 in the cytoplasm, thereby targeting stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to regulate ASMCs' proliferation, migration and apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, the data elucidates that circHIPK3 functions as a regulator in the airway remodeling during the asthma development through miR-326/STIM1 axis, providing a novel insight for the therapeutic target.
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27
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Lee J, Denton E, Hoy R, Tay TR, Bondarenko J, Hore-Lacy F, Radhakrishna N, O'Hehir RE, Dabscheck E, Abramson MJ, Hew M. Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion in Difficult Asthma Is Associated with Dysfunctional Breathing and Preserved Lung Function. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:2256-2262. [PMID: 32173506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with difficult asthma also have coexisting vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), evident by paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM) on laryngoscopy. OBJECTIVE Among patients with difficult asthma, we sought to identify clinical features associated with laryngoscopy-diagnosed PVFM. METHODS Consecutive patients with "difficult asthma" referred by respiratory specialists underwent systematic assessment in this observational study. Those with a high clinical suspicion for VCD were referred for laryngoscopy, either at rest or after mannitol provocation. Statistical analyses were performed to identify clinical factors associated with PVFM, and a multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to control for confounders. RESULTS Of 169 patients with difficult asthma, 63 (37.3%) had a high clinical probability of VCD. Of 42 who underwent laryngoscopy, 32 had PVFM confirmed. Patients with PVFM more likely had preserved lung function (prebronchodilator forced expiratory ratio 74% ± 11 vs 62% ± 16, P < .001); physiotherapist-confirmed dysfunctional breathing (odds ratio [OR] = 5.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4-12.7, P < .001), gastro-oesophageal reflux (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.16-5.8, P = .02), and a lower peripheral eosinophil count (0.09 vs 0.23, P = .004). On multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors for PVFM were dysfunctional breathing (OR = 4.93, 95% CI: 2-12, P < .001) and preserved lung function (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.028-1.106, P < .001). CONCLUSION Among specialist-referred patients with difficult asthma, VCD pathogenesis may overlap with dysfunctional breathing but is not associated with severe airflow obstruction. Dysfunctional breathing and preserved lung function may serve as clinical clues for the presence of VCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Eve Denton
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Janet Bondarenko
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn E O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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28
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Barker N, Thevasagayam R, Ugonna K, Kirkby J. Pediatric Dysfunctional Breathing: Proposed Components, Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:379. [PMID: 32766182 PMCID: PMC7378385 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional breathing (DB) is an overarching term describing deviations in the normal biomechanical patterns of breathing which have a significant impact on quality of life, performance and functioning. Whilst it occurs in both children and adults, this article focuses specifically on children. DB can be viewed as having two components; breathing pattern disorder (BPD) and inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO). They can be considered in isolation, however, are intricately related and often co-exist. When both are suspected, we propose both BPD and ILO be investigated within an all-encompassing multi-disciplinary dysfunctional breathing clinic. The MDT clinic can diagnose DB through expert history taking and a choice of appropriate tests/examinations which may include spirometry, breathing pattern analysis, exercise testing and laryngoscopic examination. Use of the proposed algorithm presented in this article will aid decision making regarding choosing the most appropriate tests and understanding the diagnostic implications of these tests. The most common symptoms of DB are shortness of breath and chest discomfort, often during exercise. Patients with DB typically present with normal spirometry and an altered breathing pattern at rest which is amplified during exercise. In pediatric ILO, abnormalities of the upper airway such as cobblestoning are commonly seen followed by abnormal activity of the upper airway structures provoked by exercise. This may be associated with a varying degree of stridor. The symptoms, however, are often misdiagnosed as asthma and the picture can be further complicated by the common co-presentation of DB and asthma. Associated conditions such as asthma, extra-esophageal reflux, rhinitis, and allergy must be treated appropriately and well controlled before any directed therapy for DB can be started if therapy is to be successful. DB in pediatrics is commonly treated with a course of non-pharmaceutical therapy. The therapy is provided by an experienced physiotherapist, speech and language therapist or psychologist depending on the dominant features of the DB presentation (i.e., BPD or ILO in combination or in isolation) and some patients will benefit from input from more than one of these disciplines. An individualized treatment program based on expert assessment and personalized goals will result in a return to normal function with reoccurrence being rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Barker
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ravi Thevasagayam
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kelechi Ugonna
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Kirkby
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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29
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Andreasson KH, Skou ST, Ulrik CS, Madsen H, Sidenius K, Jacobsen JS, Assing KD, Rasmussen KB, Porsbjerg C, Thomas M, Bodtger U. Protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial to investigate the effect on asthma-related quality of life from breathing retraining in patients with incomplete asthma control attending specialist care in Denmark. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032984. [PMID: 31892661 PMCID: PMC6955530 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Uncontrolled asthma is a global health challenge with substantial impact on quality of life (QoL) and overall healthcare costs. Unrecognised and/or unmanaged comorbidities often contribute to presence of uncontrolled asthma. Abnormalities in breathing pattern are termed dysfunctional breathing and are not only common in asthma but also lead to asthma-like symptoms and reduced QoL, and, in keeping with this, improvement with breathing normalisation. Evidence-based guidelines recommend breathing retraining interventions as an adjuvant treatment in uncontrolled asthma. Physiotherapy-based breathing pattern modification interventions incorporating relaxation have been shown to improve asthma-related QoL in primary care patients with impaired asthma control. Despite anecdotal reports, effectiveness of breathing retraining in patients referred to secondary care with incomplete asthma control has not been formally assessed in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). We aim to investigate the effect of breathing exercises on asthma-related QoL in patients with incomplete asthma control despite specialist care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This two-armed assessor-blinded multicentre RCT will investigate the effect of physiotherapist-delivered breathing retraining on asthma QoL questionnaire (MiniAQLQ) in addition to usual specialist care, recruiting from seven outpatient departments and one specialised clinic representing all regions of Denmark during 2017-2019. We will include 190 consenting adults with incomplete asthma control, defined as Asthma Control Questionnaire 6-item score ≥0.8. Participants will randomly be allocated to either breathing exercise programme in addition to usual care (BrEX +UC) or UC alone. BrEX compiles three physiotherapy sessions and encouragement to perform home exercise daily. Both groups continue usual secondary care management. Primary outcome is between-group difference in MiniAQLQ at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include patient-reported outcome measures, spirometry and accelerometer. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics Committee, Region Zealand (SJ-552) and Danish Data Protection Agency (REG-55-2016) approved the trial. Results will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03127059; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hjerrild Andreasson
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Naestved, Region Zealand, Denmark
- Department for Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - Søren Thorgaard Skou
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Naestved, Region Zealand, Denmark
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Suppli Ulrik
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Madsen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Sidenius
- Allergy & Lung Clinic, Elsinore, (private specialised clinic), Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Jannie Søndergaard Jacobsen
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, and Pulmonary Disease Unit, Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Midtjylland, Denmark
| | - Karin Dahl Assing
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospitals, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mike Thomas
- Primary Care, Department for Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Uffe Bodtger
- Department for Regional Health Research, Naestved Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Naestved, Denmark
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Naestved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Naestved, Denmark
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