1
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Lu B, Alizadeh M, Hoy R, Zheng R, Go D, Song L. Co-repressors AtSDR4L and DIG1 interact with transcription factor VAL2 and promote Arabidopsis seed-to-seedling transition. Plant Physiol 2024:kiae225. [PMID: 38652698 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Two transcriptional co-repressors physically interact with a transcription factor that is known to recruit a multi-protein complex, which promotes the repression of seed maturation genes by depositing trimethylation marks on lysine 27 of the histone 3 tails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailan Lu
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Milad Alizadeh
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Renwei Zheng
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dongeun Go
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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2
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There has been a rapid increase in silicosis cases, particularly related to artificial stone. The key to management is avoidance of silica exposure. Despite this, many develop progressive disease and there are no routinely recommended treatments. This review provides a summary of the literature pertaining to pharmacological therapies for silicosis and examines the plausibility of success of such treatments given the disease pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS In-vitro and in-vivo models demonstrate potential efficacy for drugs, which target inflammasomes, cytokines, effector cells, fibrosis, autophagy, and oxidation. SUMMARY There is some evidence for potential therapeutic targets in silicosis but limited translation into human studies. Treatment of silicosis likely requires a multimodal approach, and there is considerable cross-talk between pathways; agents that modulate both inflammation, fibrosis, autophagy, and ROS production are likely to be most efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Barnes
- Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne
| | - Maggie Lam
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle D Tate
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health
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3
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Huang Y, Li J, Huang T, Bai X, Li Q, Gong Y, Hoy R, He Z, Liu J, Liao J, Yuan M, Ding C, Li X, Cai Y. Homeostasis of Arabidopsis R protein RPS2 is negatively regulated by the RING-type E3 ligase MUSE16. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:2160-2172. [PMID: 36655859 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis of resistance (R) proteins in plants must be tightly regulated to ensure precise activation of plant immune responses upon pathogen infection, while avoiding autoimmunity and growth defects when plants are uninfected. It is known that CPR1, an F-box protein in the SCF E3 complex, functions as a negative regulator of plant immunity through targeting the resistance (R) proteins SNC1 and RPS2 for degradation. However, whether these R proteins are also targeted by other E3 ligases is unclear. Here, we isolated Arabidopsis MUSE16, which encodes a RING-type E3 ligase, from a forward genetic screen and suggest that it is a negative regulator of plant immunity. Unlike CPR1, knocking out MUSE16 alone in Arabidopsis is not enough to result in defense-related dwarfism, since only RPS2 out of the tested R proteins accumulated in the muse16 mutants. Thus, our study identifies a novel E3 ligase involved in the degradation of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) R proteins, support the idea that ubiquitin-mediated degradation is a fine-tuned mechanism for regulating the turnover of R proteins in plants, and that the same R protein can be targeted by different E3 ligases for regulation of its homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Junhao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tingting Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yihan Gong
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhouqing He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jinqiu Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yi Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, PR China
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4
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Wu T, Alizadeh M, Lu B, Cheng J, Hoy R, Bu M, Laqua E, Tang D, He J, Go D, Gong Z, Song L. The transcriptional co-repressor SEED DORMANCY 4-LIKE (AtSDR4L) promotes the embryonic-to-vegetative transition in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:2075-2096. [PMID: 36083579 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Repression of embryonic traits during the seed-to-seedling phase transition requires the inactivation of master transcription factors associated with embryogenesis. How the timing of such inactivation is controlled is unclear. Here, we report on a novel transcriptional co-repressor, Arabidopsis thaliana SDR4L, that forms a feedback inhibition loop with the master transcription factors LEC1 and ABI3 to repress embryonic traits post-imbibition. LEC1 and ABI3 regulate their own expression by inducing AtSDR4L during mid to late embryogenesis. AtSDR4L binds to sites upstream of LEC1 and ABI4, and these transcripts are upregulated in Atsdr4l seedlings. Atsdr4l seedlings phenocopy a LEC1 overexpressor. The embryonic traits of Atsdr4l can be partially rescued by impairing LEC1 or ABI3. The penetrance and expressivity of the Atsdr4l phenotypes depend on both developmental and external cues, demonstrating the importance of AtSDR4L in seedling establishment under suboptimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Milad Alizadeh
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Bailan Lu
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jinkui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Miaoyu Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Emma Laqua
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dongxue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junna He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongeun Go
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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5
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Hore-Lacy F, Hansen J, Dimitriadis C, Hoy R, Fisher J, Glass D, Sim MR. Predictors of psychological stress in silica-exposed workers in the artificial stone benchtop industry. Respirology 2022; 27:455-461. [PMID: 35421270 PMCID: PMC9322397 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Artificial stone benchtops are a popular kitchen product, but dust from their preparation and installation contains respirable crystalline silica, which causes silicosis. Silicosis is a preventable, permanent lung disease. The aim of this study was to assess mental health in workers from the artificial stone benchtop industry at risk of silicosis. Methods Workers from the artificial stone benchtop industry undergoing assessment for silica‐associated disease were included. Information on demographics; occupational, medical and smoking history; modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale; Perceived Stress Scale (PSS‐10) questionnaire; spirometry; and chest x‐ray was collected. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. Results Of the 547 participants, the majority were men, aged under 45 years, in the industry for less than 10 years. With each increase of dyspnoea score, PSS‐10 scores increased. Higher PSS‐10 scores were also observed in those no longer in the industry, with a history of anxiety or depression, attending assessment early in the programme and a medium exposure duration. Participants who used an interpreter reported lower stress. No difference was observed across job title, age, sex, smoking, spirometry or chest x‐ray categories after multivariate analysis. Conclusion This study identified workers with dyspnoea as likely to report higher stress. Other factors, such as leaving the industry, early attendance and a history of anxiety or depression, are also helpful in identifying workers at risk of poorer mental health outcomes. This study describes psychological stress scores in silica‐exposed workers from the artificial stone benchtop industry and identifies predictors of elevated stress. See relatedEditorial
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Hore-Lacy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessy Hansen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina Dimitriadis
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Glass
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Malcolm R Sim
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Xu Y, Ao K, Tian L, Qiu Y, Huang X, Liu X, Hoy R, Zhang Y, Rashid KY, Xia S, Li X. A Forward Genetic Screen in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Revealed the Transcriptional Regulation of Its Sclerotial Melanization Pathway. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2022; 35:244-256. [PMID: 34813706 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-21-0254-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most plant fungal pathogens that cause worldwide crop losses are understudied, due to various technical challenges. With the increasing availability of sequenced whole genomes of these non-model fungi, effective genetic analysis methods are highly desirable. Here, we describe a newly developed pipeline, which combines forward genetic screening with high-throughput next-generation sequencing to enable quick gene discovery. We applied this pipeline in the notorious soilborne phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and identified 32 mutants with various developmental and growth deficiencies. Detailed molecular studies of three melanization-deficient mutants provide a proof of concept for the effectiveness of our method. A master transcription factor was found to regulate melanization of sclerotia through the DHN (1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene) melanin biosynthesis pathway. In addition, these mutants revealed that sclerotial melanization is important for sclerotia survival under abiotic stresses, sclerotial surface structure, and sexual reproduction. Foreseeably, this pipeline can be applied to facilitate efficient in-depth studies of other non-model fungal species in the future.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kevin Ao
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yilan Qiu
- Department of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xingchuan Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xueru Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yishan Zhang
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Khalid Youssef Rashid
- Oilseed Crops Pathology, Science and Technology Branch, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Shitou Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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7
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Taylor S, Borg B, Gao C, Brown D, Hoy R, Makar A, McCrabb T, Ikin JF, Thompson BR, Abramson MJ. The impact of the Hazelwood coal mine fire smoke exposure on asthma. J Asthma 2022; 59:213-222. [PMID: 33962539 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1847931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2014, a fire at an open cut coal mine in South-eastern Australia burned for about 6 weeks. Residents of the adjacent town were exposed to high levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during this period. Three and a half years after the event, this study aimed to investigate potential long-term impacts of short-term exposure to coal mine fire smoke on asthma. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was undertaken in a group of exposed participants with asthma from Morwell (n = 165) and a group of unexposed participants with asthma from the control town of Sale (n = 64). Exposure was determined by modeled PM2.5 data for the mine fire period. Respiratory symptoms were assessed with a validated respiratory health questionnaire and symptom severity score. Asthma control was assessed with a validated questionnaire. Lung function testing included spirometry, bronchodilator response, and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. RESULTS There was no evidence that exposed participants had more severe asthma symptoms, worse lung function, or more eosinophilic airway inflammation than unexposed participants. However, there was some evidence that Morwell participants had more uncontrolled than well-controlled asthma, compared to the participants from Sale (adjusted relative risk ratio 2.71 95% CI: 1.02, 7.21, p = .046). CONCLUSION Three and a half years after exposure, coal mine fire smoke did not appear to be associated with more severe asthma symptoms or worse lung function but might be associated with poorer asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Taylor
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brigitte Borg
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Caroline Gao
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Brown
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Annie Makar
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tom McCrabb
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jillian F Ikin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce R Thompson
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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8
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Hore-Lacy F, Hansen J, Dimitriadis C, Hoy R, Fisher J, Glass D, Sim MR. Predictors of elevated stress in workers in the stone benchtop industry. Saf Health Work 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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9
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Stojanovic S, Denton E, Lee J, Tay TR, Murthee KG, Mahoney J, Hoy R, Hew M. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Outcomes Following Systematic Assessment of Patients with Concurrent Suspected Vocal Cord Dysfunction and Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021; 10:602-608.e1. [PMID: 34718212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is present in 25% to 50% of patients with asthma. When both diagnoses are suspected, accurate diagnosis and targeted management represent a clinical challenge. OBJECTIVE To evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes following systematic assessment for patients with concurrent suspected VCD and asthma. METHODS Patients underwent systematic evaluation by clinical assessment and validated questionnaires, followed by multidisciplinary management. VCD was confirmed by visualization of paradoxical vocal fold motion at baseline or following provocation. Asthma was confirmed by demonstrating variable airflow obstruction. Asthma medications were deescalated in those with low clinical probability of asthma and no variable airflow obstruction. Response to 2 or more sessions of speech pathology was assessed by subjective report and standardized questionnaires. RESULTS Among 212 consecutive patients, 62 (29%) patients had both VCD and asthma, 54 (26%) had VCD alone, 51 (24%) had asthma alone, and 45 (21%) had neither. Clinician assessment and the Laryngeal Hypersensitivity Questionnaire both predicted laryngoscopy-confirmed VCD. Deescalation or discontinuation of asthma therapy was possible in 37 of 59 (63%) patients without variable airflow obstruction, and was most successful (odds ratio, 5.5) in the presence of laryngoscopy-confirmed VCD (25 of 31, or 81%) Patients with VCD responded subjectively to 2 or more sessions of speech pathology, but laryngeal questionnaire scores did not improve. CONCLUSIONS Expert clinician assessment and the Laryngeal Hypersensitivity Questionnaire predict the presence of laryngoscopy-confirmed VCD. Systematic assessment for both VCD and asthma facilitates deescalation or discontinuation of unnecessary asthma medications. Subjective symptom improvement following speech pathology was not paralleled by laryngeal questionnaire scores in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Stojanovic
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Eve Denton
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Janine Mahoney
- Speech Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Alizadeh M, Hoy R, Lu B, Song L. Team effort: Combinatorial control of seed maturation by transcription factors. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2021; 63:102091. [PMID: 34343847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seed development is under tight spatiotemporal regulation. Here, we summarize how transcriptional regulation helps shape the major traits during seed maturation, which include storage reserve accumulation, dormancy, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. The regulation is rarely a solo task by an individual transcription factor (TF). Rather, it often involves coordinated recruitment or replacement of multiple TFs to achieve combinatorial regulation. We highlight recent progress on the transcriptional integration of activation and repression of seed maturation genes, and discuss potential research directions to further understand the TF networks of seed maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Alizadeh
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Bailan Lu
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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11
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Lee AL, Baenziger S, Louey A, Jennings S, Solin P, Hoy R. A review of physiotherapy practice for people with bronchiectasis. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00569-2020. [PMID: 34109238 PMCID: PMC8181622 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00569-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
People with bronchiectasis experience chronic productive cough and acute exacerbations, which are linked to poorer quality of life and a higher rate of disease progression. The clinical guidelines for bronchiectasis management recommend physiotherapy [1, 2]. These guidelines advise the prescription of airway clearance techniques (ACTs) to improve sputum clearance and reduce symptoms [1, 2]. Mucoactive agents may be cautiously considered when required [1, 2]. Individuals with reduced exercise tolerance are recommended to engage in pulmonary rehabilitation or undertake exercise or physical activity [1, 2]. Surveys of physiotherapy management for people with bronchiectasis have described commonly applied ACTs [3, 4] but have not alluded to technique combinations, a strategy considered a key approach towards personalising therapy [3–5]. Other audits have highlighted that ACTs were applied in only 49% and 52% of people with bronchiectasis in Europe and Australia respectively, reflecting a potential underuse of this therapeutic approach [6, 7]. Low referral rates to pulmonary rehabilitation have been noted [3, 7], and the prescription of exercise and physical activity beyond pulmonary rehabilitation is unknown [3]. A combination of airway clearance techniques are applied for people with bronchiectasis, together with recommendations for exercise and suggestions for management of common comorbiditieshttps://bit.ly/2U3c99H
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie L Lee
- Centre for Allied Health Research and Education, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia.,Dept of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Sophie Jennings
- Centre for Allied Health Research and Education, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia.,Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia
| | | | - Ryan Hoy
- Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia.,Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Perret JL, Miles S, Brims F, Newbigin K, Davidson M, Jersmann H, Edwards A, Zosky G, Frankel A, Johnson AR, Hoy R, Reid DW, Musk AW, Abramson MJ, Edwards B, Cohen R, Yates DH. Respiratory surveillance for coal mine dust and artificial stone exposed workers in Australia and New Zealand: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand. Respirology 2020; 25:1193-1202. [PMID: 33051927 PMCID: PMC7702073 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coal mine lung dust disease (CMDLD) and artificial stone (AS) silicosis are preventable diseases which have occurred in serious outbreaks in Australia recently. This has prompted a TSANZ review of Australia's approach to respiratory periodic health surveillance. While regulating respirable dust exposure remains the foundation of primary and secondary prevention, identification of workers with early disease assists with control of further exposure, and with the aims of preserving lung function and decreasing respiratory morbidity in those affected. Prompt detection of an abnormality also allows for ongoing respiratory specialist clinical management. This review outlines a medical framework for improvements in respiratory surveillance to detect CMDLD and AS silicosis in Australia. This includes appropriate referral, improved data collection and interpretation, enhanced surveillance, the establishment of a nationwide Occupational Lung Disease Registry and an independent advisory group. These measures are designed to improve health outcomes for workers in the coal mining, AS and other dust-exposed and mining industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Susan Miles
- Department of MedicineCalvary Mater NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia
| | - Fraser Brims
- Curtin Medical SchoolCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWAAustralia
| | | | - Maggie Davidson
- Health and Management School of ScienceWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Hubertus Jersmann
- Department of Thoracic MedicineRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Adrienne Edwards
- Christchurch Public HospitalCanterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Graeme Zosky
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
- School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
| | - Anthony Frankel
- Bankstown HospitalSouth Western Sydney Local Heath DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Ryan Hoy
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - David W. Reid
- QIMR‐Berghofer Institute of Medical ResearchBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - A. William Musk
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWAAustralia
- School of Population HealthUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Bob Edwards
- Wesley Dust Disease Research CentreBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Robert Cohen
- School of Public Health, University of IllinoisChicagoILUSA
| | - Deborah H. Yates
- Department of Thoracic MedicineSt Vincent's HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
- University of NSWSydneyNSWAustralia
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13
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Hoy R, Burdon J, Chen L, Miles S, Perret JL, Prasad S, Radhakrishna N, Rimmer J, Sim MR, Yates D, Zosky G. Work-related asthma: A position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and the National Asthma Council Australia. Respirology 2020; 25:1183-1192. [PMID: 33020986 PMCID: PMC7702173 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Work-related asthma (WRA) is one of the most common occupational respiratory conditions, and includes asthma specifically caused by occupational exposures (OA) and asthma that is worsened by conditions at work (WEA). WRA should be considered in all adults with asthma, but especially those with new-onset or difficult to control asthma. Improvement in asthma symptoms when away from work is suggestive of WRA. Clinical history alone is insufficient to diagnose WRA; therefore, objective investigations are required to confirm the presence of asthma and the association of asthma with work activities. Management of WRA requires pharmacotherapy similar to that of non-WRA, however, also needs to take into account control of the causative workplace exposure. Ongoing exposure will likely lead to decline in lung function and worsening asthma control. WRA is a preventable condition but this does rely on increased awareness of WRA and thorough identification and control of all potential occupational respiratory hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hoy
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ling Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Miles
- Department of Medicine, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shivonne Prasad
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Janet Rimmer
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Malcolm R Sim
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deborah Yates
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Graeme Zosky
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig van Wersch
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Lee J, Denton E, Hoy R, Tay TR, Bondarenko J, Hore-Lacy F, Radhakrishna N, O'Hehir RE, Dabscheck E, Abramson MJ, Hew M. Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion in Difficult Asthma Is Associated with Dysfunctional Breathing and Preserved Lung Function. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020; 8:2256-2262. [PMID: 32173506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with difficult asthma also have coexisting vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), evident by paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM) on laryngoscopy. OBJECTIVE Among patients with difficult asthma, we sought to identify clinical features associated with laryngoscopy-diagnosed PVFM. METHODS Consecutive patients with "difficult asthma" referred by respiratory specialists underwent systematic assessment in this observational study. Those with a high clinical suspicion for VCD were referred for laryngoscopy, either at rest or after mannitol provocation. Statistical analyses were performed to identify clinical factors associated with PVFM, and a multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to control for confounders. RESULTS Of 169 patients with difficult asthma, 63 (37.3%) had a high clinical probability of VCD. Of 42 who underwent laryngoscopy, 32 had PVFM confirmed. Patients with PVFM more likely had preserved lung function (prebronchodilator forced expiratory ratio 74% ± 11 vs 62% ± 16, P < .001); physiotherapist-confirmed dysfunctional breathing (odds ratio [OR] = 5.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4-12.7, P < .001), gastro-oesophageal reflux (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.16-5.8, P = .02), and a lower peripheral eosinophil count (0.09 vs 0.23, P = .004). On multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors for PVFM were dysfunctional breathing (OR = 4.93, 95% CI: 2-12, P < .001) and preserved lung function (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.028-1.106, P < .001). CONCLUSION Among specialist-referred patients with difficult asthma, VCD pathogenesis may overlap with dysfunctional breathing but is not associated with severe airflow obstruction. Dysfunctional breathing and preserved lung function may serve as clinical clues for the presence of VCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Eve Denton
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Janet Bondarenko
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn E O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Hoy R, Chambers DC. Silicosis: An ancient disease in need of a dose of modern medicine. Respirology 2020; 25:464-465. [PMID: 31970870 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hoy
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel C Chambers
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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17
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van Wersch S, Tian L, Hoy R, Li X. Plant NLRs: The Whistleblowers of Plant Immunity. Plant Commun 2020; 1:100016. [PMID: 33404540 PMCID: PMC7747998 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant diseases is almost as old as agriculture itself. Advancements in molecular biology have given us much more insight into the plant immune system and how it detects the many pathogens plants may encounter. Members of the primary family of plant resistance (R) proteins, NLRs, contain three distinct domains, and appear to use several different mechanisms to recognize pathogen effectors and trigger immunity. Understanding the molecular process of NLR recognition and activation has been greatly aided by advancements in structural studies, with ZAR1 recently becoming the first full-length NLR to be visualized. Genetic and biochemical analysis identified many critical components for NLR activation and homeostasis control. The increased study of helper NLRs has also provided insights into the downstream signaling pathways of NLRs. This review summarizes the progress in the last decades on plant NLR research, focusing on the mechanistic understanding that has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig van Wersch
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Xia S, Xu Y, Hoy R, Zhang J, Qin L, Li X. The Notorious Soilborne Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: An Update on Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis. Pathogens 2019; 9:pathogens9010027. [PMID: 31892134 PMCID: PMC7168625 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascomycete Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is one of the most damaging soilborne fungal pathogens affecting hundreds of plant hosts, including many economically important crops. Its genomic sequence has been available for less than a decade, and it was recently updated with higher completion and better gene annotation. Here, we review key molecular findings on the unique biology and pathogenesis process of S. sclerotiorum, focusing on genes that have been studied in depth using mutant analysis. Analyses of these genes have revealed critical players in the basic biological processes of this unique pathogen, including mycelial growth, appressorium establishment, sclerotial formation, apothecial and ascospore development, and virulence. Additionally, the synthesis has uncovered gaps in the current knowledge regarding this fungus. We hope that this review will serve to build a better current understanding of the biology of this under-studied notorious soilborne pathogenic fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitou Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Yan Xu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (Y.X.); (R.H.)
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (Y.X.); (R.H.)
| | - Julia Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;
| | - Lei Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (Y.X.); (R.H.)
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (X.L.)
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19
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Levin K, McLean C, Hoy R. Artificial stone-associated silicosis: clinical-pathological-radiological correlates of disease. Respirol Case Rep 2019; 7:e00470. [PMID: 31428428 PMCID: PMC6696906 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational lung disease secondary to inhalation of silica particles is variable and potentially life-threatening. As the artificial stone industry has grown over the last two decades, the development of silicosis has been seen to accelerate and behave differently to chronic silicosis. In this case report, we present two patients who underwent lung transplantation for silicosis at the Alfred Hospital, both with predominantly artificial stone masonry exposure. We have identified the presence of both fibrotic/nodular silicosis and conspicuous alveolar proteinosis within the same lung parenchyma of both patients. We then demonstrate the radiological and histopathological correlates of disease; the first time this has been shown clearly in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kovi Levin
- Respiratory MedicineAlfred HealthMelbourneAustralia
| | | | - Ryan Hoy
- Respiratory MedicineAlfred HealthMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineSchool of Public Health, Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
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20
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Barnes H, Goh NSL, Leong TL, Hoy R. Silica-associated lung disease: An old-world exposure in modern industries. Respirology 2019; 24:1165-1175. [PMID: 31517432 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite silica dust exposure being one of the earliest recognized causes of lung disease, Australia, USA, Israel, Turkey and other countries around the world have recently experienced significant outbreaks of silicosis. These outbreaks have occurred in modern industries such as denim jean production, domestic benchtop fabrication and jewellery polishing, where silica has been introduced without recognition and control of the hazard. Much of our understanding of silica-related lung disease is derived from traditional occupations such as mining, whereby workers may develop slowly progressive chronic silicosis. However, workers in modern industries are developing acute and accelerated silicosis over a short period of time, due to high-intensity silica concentrations, oxidative stress from freshly fractured silica and a rapid pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic response. Appropriate methods of screening and diagnosis remain unclear in these workers, and a significant proportion may go on to develop respiratory failure and death. There are no current effective treatments for silicosis. For those with near fatal respiratory failure, lung transplantation remains the only option. Strategies to reduce high-intensity silica dust exposure, enforced screening programmes and the identification of new treatments are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Barnes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole S L Goh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracy L Leong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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21
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Hoy R, Yates DH. Artificial stone-associated silicosis in Belgium: response. Occup Environ Med 2018; 76:134. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Denton E, Bondarenko J, Tay T, Lee J, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacy F, Martin C, Hoy R, O'Hehir R, Dabscheck E, Hew M. Factors Associated with Dysfunctional Breathing in Patients with Difficult to Treat Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 7:1471-1476. [PMID: 30529061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding of dysfunctional breathing in patients with difficult asthma who remain symptomatic despite maximal inhaler therapy is limited. OBJECTIVE We characterized the pattern of dysfunctional breathing in patients with difficult asthma and identified possible contributory factors. METHODS Dysfunctional breathing was identified in patients with difficult asthma using the Nijmegen Questionnaire (score >23). Demographic characteristics, asthma variables, and comorbidities were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for dysfunctional breathing, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and airflow obstruction. RESULTS Of 157 patients with difficult asthma, 73 (47%) had dysfunctional breathing. Compared with patients without dysfunctional breathing, those with dysfunctional breathing experienced poorer asthma status (symptom control, quality of life, and exacerbation rates) and greater unemployment. In addition, more frequently they had elevated sino-nasal outcome test scores, anxiety, depression, sleep apnea, and gastroesophageal reflux. On multivariate analysis, anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 3.26; 95% CI, 1.18-9.01; P = .02), depression (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.14-6.9; P = .03), and 22-item sino-nasal outcome test score (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.003-1.05; P = .03) were independent risk factors for dysfunctional breathing. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional breathing is common in difficult asthma and associated with worse asthma status and unemployment. The independent association with psychological disorders and nasal obstruction highlight an important interaction between comorbid treatable traits in difficult asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Denton
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Janet Bondarenko
- Physiotherapy Department, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - TunnRen Tay
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Martin
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Lee JW, Tay TR, Paddle P, Richards AL, Pointon L, Voortman M, Abramson MJ, Hoy R, Hew M. Diagnosis of concomitant inducible laryngeal obstruction and asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1622-1630. [PMID: 29870077 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducible laryngeal obstruction, an induced, inappropriate narrowing of the larynx, leading to symptomatic upper airway obstruction, can coexist with asthma. Accurate classification has been challenging because of overlapping symptoms and the absence of sensitive diagnostic criteria for either condition. OBJECTIVE To evaluate patients with concomitant clinical suspicion for inducible laryngeal obstruction and asthma. We used a multidisciplinary protocol incorporating objective diagnostic criteria to determine whether asthma, inducible laryngeal obstruction, both, or neither diagnosis was present. METHODS Consecutive patients were prospectively assessed by a laryngologist, speech pathologist and respiratory physician. Inducible laryngeal obstruction was diagnosed by visualizing paradoxical vocal fold motion either at baseline or following mannitol provocation. Asthma was diagnosed by physician assessment with objective variable airflow obstruction. Validated questionnaires for laryngeal dysfunction and relevant comorbidities were administered. RESULTS Of 69 patients, 15 had asthma alone, 11 had inducible laryngeal obstruction alone and 14 had neither objectively demonstrated. Twenty-nine patients had both diagnoses. In 19 patients, inducible laryngeal obstruction was only seen following provocation. Among patients with inducible laryngeal obstruction, chest tightness was more frequent with concurrent asthma. Among patients with asthma, stridor was more frequent with concurrent inducible laryngeal obstruction. Cough was more frequently found in asthma alone, whereas difficulty with inspiration and symptoms triggered by psychological stress were more frequently found in inducible laryngeal obstruction alone. Patients with asthma alone had greater airflow obstruction. Relevant comorbidities were frequent (rhinitis in 85%, gastro-oesophageal reflux in 65%), and questionnaire scores for laryngeal dysfunction were abnormal. However, neither comorbidities nor questionnaires differentiated patients with or without inducible laryngeal obstruction. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this cohort with suspected inducible laryngeal obstruction and asthma, 42% had objective evidence of both conditions. Clinical assessment, questionnaire scores and comorbidity burden were not sufficiently discriminatory for diagnosis, highlighting the necessity of objective diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy W Lee
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul Paddle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Amanda L Richards
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Lisa Pointon
- Department of Speech Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Miriam Voortman
- Department of Speech Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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24
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Lee J, Tay TR, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacy F, Mackay A, Hoy R, Dabscheck E, O'Hehir R, Hew M. Nonadherence in the era of severe asthma biologics and thermoplasty. Eur Respir J 2018. [PMID: 29519922 PMCID: PMC5884695 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01836-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonadherence to inhaled preventers impairs asthma control. Electronic monitoring devices (EMDs) can objectively measure adherence. Their use has not been reported in difficult asthma patients potentially suitable for novel therapies, i.e. biologics and bronchial thermoplasty.Consecutive patients with difficult asthma were assessed for eligibility for novel therapies. Medication adherence, defined as taking >75% of prescribed doses, was assessed by EMD and compared with standardised clinician assessment over an 8-week period.Among 69 difficult asthma patients, adherence could not be analysed in 13, due to device incompatibility or malfunction. Nonadherence was confirmed in 20 out of 45 (44.4%) patients. Clinical assessment of nonadherence was insensitive (physician 15%, nurse 28%). Serum eosinophils were higher in nonadherent patients. Including 11 patients with possible nonadherence (device refused or not returned) increased the nonadherence rate to 31 out of 56 (55%) patients. Severe asthma criteria were fulfilled by 59 out of 69 patients. 47 were eligible for novel therapies, with confirmed nonadherence in 16 out of 32 (50%) patients with EMD data; including seven patients with possible nonadherence increased the nonadherence rate to 23 out of 39 (59%).At least half the patients eligible for novel therapies were nonadherent to preventers. Nonadherence was often undetectable by clinical assessments. Preventer adherence must be confirmed objectively before employing novel severe asthma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Mackay
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Tay TR, Lee J, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacy F, Stirling R, Hoy R, Dabscheck E, O'Hehir R, Hew M. A Structured Approach to Specialist-referred Difficult Asthma Patients Improves Control of Comorbidities and Enhances Asthma Outcomes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017; 5:956-964.e3. [PMID: 28284780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic evaluation is advocated for difficult asthma, but how best to deliver such care is unclear and outcome data are scarce. OBJECTIVE We describe our institution's structured approach to difficult asthma management and report on the outcomes of such an approach. METHODS Eighty-two consecutive patients with difficult asthma referred to our clinic from respiratory specialists were evaluated in 3 key areas: diagnostic confirmation, comorbidity detection, and inflammatory phenotyping. We then optimized treatment including relevant comorbidity interventions. The outpatient protocol was supported by comorbidity questionnaires, an electronic clinic template, and standardized panel discussion. Asthma outcomes were assessed at 6 months. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients completed follow-up. Asthma diagnosis was refuted in 3 patients and the remaining 65 patients were included in the study analysis. There was no overall escalation of inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Patients had a median of 3 comorbidities, and a median of 3 comorbidity interventions. Control of chronic rhinosinusitis and dysfunctional breathing improved among patients with these diagnoses (22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test score from 47 ± 20 to 37 ± 22, P = .017; Nijmegen score from 32 ± 6 to 25 ± 9, P = .003). There were overall improvements in the Asthma Control Test score (from 14 ± 5 to 16 ± 6, P < .001), the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (from 4.29 ± 1.4 to 4.65 ± 1.5, P = .073), and the frequency of exacerbations over 6 months (from 2 [interquartile range, 0-4] to 0 [interquartile range, 0-2], P < .001). CONCLUSIONS In patients referred with difficult asthma from respiratory specialists, a structured approach coupled with targeted comorbidity interventions improved control of key comorbidities and enhanced asthma outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunn Ren Tay
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Stirling
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Radhakrishna N, Tay TR, Hore-Lacy F, Stirling R, Hoy R, Dabscheck E, Hew M. Validated questionnaires heighten detection of difficult asthma comorbidities. J Asthma 2016; 54:294-299. [PMID: 27715354 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1212369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple extra-pulmonary comorbidities contribute to difficult asthma, but their diagnosis can be challenging and time consuming. Previous data on comorbidity detection have focused on clinical assessment, which may miss certain conditions. We aimed to locate relevant validated screening questionnaires to identify extra-pulmonary comorbidities that contribute to difficult asthma, and evaluate their performance during a difficult asthma evaluation. METHODS MEDLINE was searched to identify key extra-pulmonary comorbidities that contribute to difficult asthma. Screening questionnaires were chosen based on ease of use, presence of a cut-off score, and adequate validation to help systematically identify comorbidities. In a consecutive series of 86 patients referred for systematic evaluation of difficult asthma, questionnaires were administered prior to clinical consultation. RESULTS Six difficult asthma comorbidities and corresponding screening questionnaires were found: sinonasal disease (allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis), vocal cord dysfunction, dysfunctional breathing, obstructive sleep apnea, anxiety and depression, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. When the questionnaires were added to the referring clinician's impression, the detection of all six comorbidities was significantly enhanced. The average time for questionnaire administration was approximately 40 minutes. CONCLUSIONS The use of validated screening questionnaires heightens detection of comorbidities in difficult asthma. The availability of data from a battery of questionnaires prior to consultation can save time and allow clinicians to systematically assess difficult asthma patients and to focus on areas of particular concern. Such an approach would ensure that all contributing comorbidities have been addressed before significant treatment escalation is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Robert Stirling
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- a Alfred Hospital, Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED) , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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Yates DH, Gibson PG, Hoy R, Zosky G, Miles S, Johnson AR, Silverstone E, Brims F. Down Under in the Coal Mines. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 194:772-3. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201603-0615le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Lee J, Tay TR, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacey F, Smith C, Dabscheck E, O'Hehir R, Hoy R, Hew M. ASCIA-P41: RISK FACTORS FOR VOCAL CORD DYSFUNCTION IN A DIFFICULT ASTHMA POPULATION. Intern Med J 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.41_13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lee
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Tunn Renn Tay
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacey
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Catherine Smith
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Robyn O'Hehir
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine (AIRMED); Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
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Lee J, Tay TR, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacey F, Hoy R, Dabscheck E, O'Hehir R, Hew M. ASCIA-P39: MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN A DIFFICULT ASTHMA POPULATION. Intern Med J 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.39_13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lee
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacey
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Robyn O'Hehir
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Australia
- Public health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
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Tay TR, Hoy R, Richards AL, Paddle P, Hew M. Inhaled Mannitol as a Laryngeal and Bronchial Provocation Test. J Voice 2016; 31:247.e19-247.e23. [PMID: 27567392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Timely diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), more recently termed "inducible laryngeal obstruction," is important because VCD is often misdiagnosed as asthma, resulting in delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Visualization of paradoxical vocal cord movement on laryngoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis, but is limited by poor test sensitivity. Provocation tests may improve the diagnosis of VCD, but the diagnostic performance of current tests is less than ideal. Alternative provocation tests are required. This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using inhaled mannitol for concurrent investigation of laryngeal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. METHODS Consecutive patients with suspected VCD seen at our institution's asthma clinic underwent flexible laryngoscopy at baseline and following mannitol challenge. VCD was diagnosed on laryngoscopy based on inspiratory adduction, or >50% expiratory adduction of the vocal cords. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness after mannitol challenge was also assessed. We evaluated the interrater agreement of postmannitol laryngoscopy between respiratory specialists and laryngologists. RESULTS Fourteen patients with suspected VCD in the context of asthma evaluation were included in the study. Mannitol provocation demonstrated VCD in three of the seven patients with normal baseline laryngoscopy (42.9%). Only two patients had bronchial hyperresponsiveness. There was substantial interrater agreement between respiratory specialists and laryngologists, kappa = 0.696 (95% confidence interval: 0.324-1) (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Inhaled mannitol can be used to induce VCD. It is well tolerated and can evaluate laryngeal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness at the same setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda L Richards
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Paddle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tay TR, Radhakrishna N, Hore-Lacy F, Smith C, Hoy R, Dabscheck E, Hew M. Comorbidities in difficult asthma are independent risk factors for frequent exacerbations, poor control and diminished quality of life. Respirology 2016; 21:1384-1390. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Naghmeh Radhakrishna
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Catherine Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Eli Dabscheck
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Abramson MJ, Koplin J, Hoy R, Dharmage SC. Population-wide preventive interventions for reducing the burden of chronic respiratory disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:1007-18. [PMID: 26260817 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma impose a substantial burden of disease. This narrative review focuses on potential population-wide interventions that are likely to have an impact on these diseases. The developmental origins of adult disease commence in utero, with maternal nutrition being of particular interest. However, to date, trials of maternal allergen avoidance, dietary supplementation or probiotics have not shown consistent protective effects against asthma. Poor indoor air quality, especially from biomass fuels as well as second-hand tobacco smoke, is a well-recognised risk factor for chronic respiratory diseases. This can be modified by cleaner fuels, cooking stoves or heaters, and improved ventilation. Although allergens are a risk factor for childhood asthma, the results of interventions to reduce exposures have been disappointing. Traffic-related air pollution is associated with an increased incidence of asthma in children. Primary prevention of the adverse effects of air pollution has focused on the development of ambient air quality guidelines, but enforcement remains a challenge in many countries. Occupational asthma may be induced by sensitisers or irritants in the workplace. Prevention involves eliminating the agent or reducing exposure as far as possible, which is more effective than respiratory protective equipment. Smoking cessation remains a key proven preventive strategy for chronic respiratory diseases. There is now an international framework for tobacco control, and recent innovations include plain packaging of tobacco. Chronic respiratory diseases can be substantially prevented by the above population-wide interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Koplin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy & Lung Health Unit, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Hoy
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S C Dharmage
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy & Lung Health Unit, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hoy
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Baird SM, Kenealy MK, Hoy R. Complete remission of Waldenström's associated generalized crystal-storing histiocytosis of IgM lambda subtype with bortezomib-based combination chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:3233-5. [PMID: 25837422 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1036261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Baird
- a Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Melita K Kenealy
- b Department of Haematology , Cabrini Health , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Ryan Hoy
- c Department of Allergy , Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital , Australia
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Lemière C, To T, de Olim C, Ribeiro M, Liss G, Lougheed MD, Hoy R, Forget A, Blais L, Zhu J, Tarlo SM. Outcome of work-related asthma exacerbations in Quebec and Ontario. Eur Respir J 2014; 45:266-8. [PMID: 25359335 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00096114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lemière
- Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Teresa To
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carlo de Olim
- Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcos Ribeiro
- University Health Network, University of Toronto Dept of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Liss
- University Health Network, University of Toronto Dept of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ryan Hoy
- Dept of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amélie Forget
- Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Blais
- Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jingqin Zhu
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan M Tarlo
- University Health Network, University of Toronto Dept of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Glaspole I, Hoy R, Ryan P. Comment on: A case of certolizumab-induced interstitial lung disease in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: reply. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1155. [PMID: 24681841 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Glaspole
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ryan Hoy
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Ryan
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hoy R, Grey A. LEADERSHIP AND CULTURE UNDER THE AUSTRALIAN WORK HEALTH AND SAFETY STRATEGY 2012–2022. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040580f.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Mushroom bodies are higher centers in the brains of insects. Studies on honey bees and species of ants suggest that these centers are particularly prominent in social insects. The present study confirms the presence of large mushroom bodies in five subfamilies of vespid wasps, while at the same time showing significant departures from the mushroom body organization that typifies bees and ants. Although the basic organizational plan of the insect mushroom body into calyces, peduncle, and lobes is maintained, as is the arrangement of axons of intrinsic neurons, the size and arrangements of the vespid mushroom body lobes differ markedly from those known from other Hymenoptera. Furthermore, considerable variation is found both between and within vespid subfamilies. The present results are discussed with respect to current hypotheses about functional attributes of mushroom bodies and the phylogeny of the Vespidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ehmer
- Neurobiology and Behavior, Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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Abstract
The eyes of strepsipteran insects are very unusual among living insects. In their anatomical organization they may form a modern counterpart to the structural plan proposed for the eyes of some trilobites. Externally they differ from the usual "insect plan" by presenting far fewer but much larger lenses. Beneath each lens is its own independent retina. Anatomical and optical measurements indicate that each of these units is image-forming, so that the visual field is subdivided into and represented by "chunks," unlike the conventional insect compound eye that decomposes the visual image in a pointwise manner. This results in profound changes in the neural centers for vision and implies major evolutionary changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Buschbeck
- Neurobiology and Behavior, Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Hoy R. Healthcare in Kenya: learning from a Third World country. Br J Nurs 1992; 1:789-92. [PMID: 1290901 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.1992.1.15.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Kenya's healthcare problems are exacerbated by illiteracy, widespread communities, poor sanitation in some areas, and tribal customs and traditions. This article gives an overview of Kenya's healthcare system that was gained by the author during a study tour to Kenya in March 1991.
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Hoy R, Straub W, Cassidy F. Radiology reporting--a concatenation. Adm Radiol 1992; 11:44, 46. [PMID: 10117443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Hoy
- University of Pittsburgh, PA
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Hoy R. Acoustic Strategies:
Acoustic Behavior of Insects
. An Evolutionary Perspective. Winston J. Bailey. Chapman and Hall (Routledge, Chapman and Hall), New York, 1991. xvi, 225 pp., illus. $87.50. Science 1991; 254:590-1. [PMID: 17806978 DOI: 10.1126/science.254.5031.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Rimeur G, Hoy R. Nursing abroad. Piekny Polska. Nursing 1990; 4:37-40. [PMID: 2255433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Hoy R. Nursing abroad: health care in Brazil. Nursing 1989; 47:12-5. [PMID: 2616076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
The acoustic startle/escape response is a phylogenetically widespread behavioral act, provoked by an intense, unexpected sound. At least six orders of insects have evolved tympanate ears that serve acoustic behavior that ranges from sexual communication to predator detection. Insects that fly at night are vulnerable to predation by insectivorous bats that detect and locate their prey by using biosonar signals. Of the six orders of insects that possess tympanate hearing organs, four contain species that fly at night and, in these, hearing is sensitive to a range of ultrasonic frequencies found in the biosonar signals of bats. Laboratory and field studies have shown that these insects (including some orthopterans, lepidopterans, neuropterans and dictyopterans), when engaged in flight behavior, respond to ultrasound by suddenly altering their flight, showing acoustic startle or negative phonotaxis, which serve as bat-avoidance behavior. A neural analysis of ultrasound-mediated escape behavior was undertaken in the field cricket Telegryllus oceanicus. An identified thoracic interneuron, int-1, was shown to trigger the escape response, but only when the cell was driven (synaptically or electrically) at high spike rates, and only when the insect was performing flight behavior; avoidance steering only occurs in the appropriate behavioral context: flight. Thus, significant constraints operate upon the ability of int-1 to trigger the escape response. The integration of auditory input and flight central pattern generator output occurs in the brain. It is found that neural activity descending from the brain in response to stimulation by ultrasound is increased when the insect is flying compared to when it is not. Although the behavioral act of avoidance steering may appear to be a simple reflex act, further analysis shows it to be anything but simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hoy
- Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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Hoy R. Computers in nursing. Computer terminology: floppy disks. Nurs Times 1984; 80:64-5. [PMID: 6567130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Camhi JM, Hoy R, Ritzmann R, Paton J. Lost Opportunity. Science 1975. [DOI: 10.1126/science.190.4213.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Sorby WA, Gates S, Porti A, Sashin D, Hoy R. An evaluation of a high resolution closed-circuit television link in a hospital radiology department. J Can Assoc Radiol 1975; 26:158-61. [PMID: 1158963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We have installed and developed a high resolution closed-circuit television system for transmission of radiographic film images from the emergency room in our hospital to the reading room in our radiology department. Using this system, the radiologist can consult promptly on all films and he has increased efficiency. To transmit high detail images, our television system uses a high resolution vidicon camera with a scan rate of 1029 lines and with a limiting resolution of 1200 TV lines. To further increase the overall diagnostic value of our system, we have added remote controls for changing the magnification, illumination and position of the film. In a preliminary clinical trial, seven radiologists were each shown 27 patient film sets transmitted through the television system and then viewed directly on a conventional view box. An analysis of variance of the accuracy rates in each method showed a statistical difference in methods. Even though the error rate was slightly higher using closed-circuit system, radiologist performance was of acceptable accuracy when considering the advantages of the system. In addition, many of the factors reducing the TV system performance have been eliminated or controlled, and further experiments should reflect an even smaller difference between the two methods.
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Selecki BR, Hoy R, Ness P. Neurotraumatic admissions to a teaching hospital: a retrospective study. 3. Spine and spinal cord injuries, with particular reference to the cervical region. Med J Aust 1968; 1:620-9. [PMID: 5653313 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1968.tb28754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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