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Wang Y, Wang C, Xia M, Tian Z, Zhou J, Berger JM, Zhang XHF, Xiao H. Engineering small-molecule and protein drugs for targeting bone tumors. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1219-1237. [PMID: 38449313 PMCID: PMC11081876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer is common and severe. Both primary (e.g., osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma) and secondary (e.g., metastatic) bone cancers lead to significant health problems and death. Currently, treatments such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy are used to treat bone cancer, but they often only shrink or slow tumor growth and do not eliminate cancer completely. The bone microenvironment contributes unique signals that influence cancer growth, immunogenicity, and metastasis. Traditional cancer therapies have limited effectiveness due to off-target effects and poor distribution on bones. As a result, therapies with improved specificity and efficacy for treating bone tumors are highly needed. One of the most promising strategies involves the targeted delivery of pharmaceutical agents to the site of bone cancer by introduction of bone-targeting moieties, such as bisphosphonates or oligopeptides. These moieties have high affinities to the bone hydroxyapatite matrix, a structure found exclusively in skeletal tissue, and can enhance the targeting ability and efficacy of anticancer drugs when combating bone tumors. This review focuses on the engineering of small molecules and proteins with bone-targeting moieties for the treatment of bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Chenhang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Meng Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Zeru Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Joseph Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Julian Meyer Berger
- Osteologic Therapeutics, Inc., 228 Park Ave S PMB 35546, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA; SynthX Center, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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Wani AK, Prakash A, Sena S, Akhtar N, Singh R, Chopra C, Ariyanti EE, Mudiana D, Yulia ND, Rahayu F. Unraveling molecular signatures in rare bone tumors and navigating the cancer pathway landscapes for targeted therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104291. [PMID: 38346462 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers (RCs), which account for over 20% of cancer cases, face significant research and treatment challenges due to their limited prevalence. This results in suboptimal outcomes compared to more common malignancies. Rare bone tumors (RBTs) constitute 5-10% of rare cancer cases and pose unique diagnostic complexities. The therapeutic potential of anti-cancer drugs for RBTs remains largely unexplored. Identifying molecular alterations in cancer-related genes and their associated pathways is essential for precision medicine in RBTs. Small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting specific RBT-associated proteins show promise. Ongoing clinical trials aim to define RBT biomarkers, subtypes, and optimal treatment contexts, including combination therapies and immunotherapeutic agents. This review addresses the challenges in diagnosing, treating, and studying RBTs, shedding light on the current state of RBT biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets, and promising inhibitors. Rare cancers demand attention and innovative solutions to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India.
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Saikat Sena
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Esti Endah Ariyanti
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Deden Mudiana
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nina Dwi Yulia
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Farida Rahayu
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
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He Y, Huang X, Ma Y, Yang G, Cui Y, Lv X, Zhao R, Jin H, Tong Y, Zhang X, Li J, Peng M. A novel aging-associated lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis in osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1386. [PMID: 38228673 PMCID: PMC10791644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most prevalent bone tumors in adolescents, and the correlation between aging and OS remains unclear. Currently, few accurate and reliable biomarkers have been determined for OS prognosis. To address this issue, we carried out a detailed bioinformatics analysis based on OS with data from the Cancer Genome Atlas data portal and Human Aging Genomic Resources database, as well as in vitro experiments. A total of 88 OS samples with gene expression profiles and corresponding clinical characteristics were obtained. Through univariate Cox regression analysis and survival analysis, 10 aging-associated survival lncRNAs (AASRs) were identified to be associated with the overall survival of OS patients. Based on the expression levels of the 10 AASRs, the OS patients were classified into two clusters (Cluster A and Cluster B). Cluster A had a worse prognosis, while Cluster B had a better prognosis. Then, 5 AASRs were ultimately included in the signature through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox regression analysis. Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis verified that the high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis than the low-risk group. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses confirmed that the riskScore was an independent prognostic factor for OS patients. Subsequently, we discovered that the risk signature was correlated with the properties of the tumor microenvironment and immune cell infiltration. Specifically, there was a positive association between the risk model and naïve B cells, resting dendritic cells and gamma delta T cells, while it was negatively related to CD8+ T cells. Finally, in vitro experiments, we found that UNC5B-AS1 inhibited OS cells from undergoing cellular senescence and apoptosis, thereby promoting OS cells proliferation. In conclusion, we constructed and verified a 5 AASR-based signature, that exhibited excellent performance in evaluating the overall survival of OS patients. In addition, we found that UNC5B-AS1 might inhibit the senescence process, thus leading to the development and progression of OS. Our findings may provide novel insights into the treatment of OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Department of Mini-Invasive Spinal Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, 462300, Henan, China
| | - Yajie Ma
- Department of Medical Affair, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, Henan, China
| | - Guohui Yang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuqing Cui
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xuefeng Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Rongling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, Henan, China
| | - Huifang Jin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yalin Tong
- Department of Digestion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Affair, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, Henan, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Yongping Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Mengle Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, Henan, China.
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Perivoliotis K, Ntellas P, Dadouli K, Samara AA, Sotiriou S, Ioannou M, Tepetes K. Microvessel Density (MVD) in Patients with Osteosarcoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:104-114. [PMID: 38345052 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2311266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was designed and conducted to estimate the effect of tumoral microvessel density (MVD) on the survival of patients with osteosarcoma. There was no difference between high and low MVD regarding the overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival. Low MVD tumors displayed a lower DFS at the third year of follow-up. Although primary metastases did not affect the mean MVD measurements, tumors with a good chemotherapy response had a higher MVD value. Although no significant differences between tumoral MVD, OS and DFS were found, good adjuvant therapy responders had a significant higher vascularization pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panagiotis Ntellas
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Katerina Dadouli
- Postgraduate Programme (MSc): Research Methodology in Biomedicine, Biostatistics and Clinical Bioinformatics at University of Thessaly, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Athina A Samara
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios Sotiriou
- Department of Embryology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
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Zhou W, Yan K, Xi Q. BMP signaling in cancer stemness and differentiation. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:37. [PMID: 38049682 PMCID: PMC10695912 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The BMP (Bone morphogenetic protein) signaling pathway plays a central role in metazoan biology, intricately shaping embryonic development, maintaining tissue homeostasis, and influencing disease progression. In the context of cancer, BMP signaling exhibits context-dependent dynamics, spanning from tumor suppression to promotion. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a modest subset of neoplastic cells with stem-like attributes, exert substantial influence by steering tumor growth, orchestrating therapy resistance, and contributing to relapse. A comprehensive grasp of the intricate interplay between CSCs and their microenvironment is pivotal for effective therapeutic strategies. Among the web of signaling pathways orchestrating cellular dynamics within CSCs, BMP signaling emerges as a vital conductor, overseeing CSC self-renewal, differentiation dynamics, and the intricate symphony within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, BMP signaling's influence in cancer extends beyond CSCs, intricately regulating cellular migration, invasion, and metastasis. This multifaceted role underscores the imperative of comprehending BMP signaling's contributions to cancer, serving as the foundation for crafting precise therapies to navigate multifaceted challenges posed not only by CSCs but also by various dimensions of cancer progression. This article succinctly encapsulates the diverse roles of the BMP signaling pathway across different cancers, spanning glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), lung cancer, prostate cancer, and osteosarcoma. It underscores the necessity of unraveling underlying mechanisms and molecular interactions. By delving into the intricate tapestry of BMP signaling's engagement in cancers, researchers pave the way for meticulously tailored therapies, adroitly leveraging its dualistic aspects-whether as a suppressor or promoter-to effectively counter the relentless march of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiaoran Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Luo Y, Sun M, Tan L, Li T, Min L. Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Potential Developments in the Therapy of Metastatic Osteosarcoma-A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2717. [PMID: 38140058 PMCID: PMC10747574 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a predominant malignant bone tumor, poses significant challenges due to its high metastatic and recurrent nature. Although various therapeutic strategies are currently in use, they often inadequately target osteosarcoma metastasis. This review focuses on the potential of nanoscale drug delivery systems to bridge this clinical gap. It begins with an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying metastatic osteosarcoma, highlighting the limitations of existing treatments. The review then transitions to an in-depth examination of nanoscale drug delivery technologies, emphasizing their potential to enhance drug bioavailability and reduce systemic toxicity. Central to this review is a discussion of recent advancements in utilizing nanotechnology for the potential intervention of metastatic osteosarcoma, with a critical analysis of several preclinical studies. This review aims to provide insights into the potential applications of nanotechnology in metastatic osteosarcoma therapy, setting the stage for future clinical breakthroughs and innovative cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrui Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.L.); (M.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Minghao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.L.); (M.S.); (L.T.)
- Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Linyun Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.L.); (M.S.); (L.T.)
- Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.L.); (M.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Li Min
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.L.); (M.S.); (L.T.)
- Department of Model Worker and Innovative Craftsman, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Markowitz MI, Donato Z, Constantinescu DS, Al-Hardan W, Baron M, Crawford B. Orthopedic approaches for bone sarcoma: A bibliometric review of the 50 most cited papers. J Orthop 2023; 38:53-61. [PMID: 37008450 PMCID: PMC10051026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Curative treatment of bone sarcoma is primarily based on operative management. The Orthopedic Oncology approach towards this disease has evolved greatly to the breakthrough in systemic treatment options as well as unique implant designs favoring limb salvage over amputations. The purpose of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most cited papers related to the orthopedic the approach to bone sarcomas. Methods We queried the ISI Web of Knowledge database in July 2022. Keywords utilized were: ""Bone Sarcoma" OR "Osteosarcoma" OR "Ewing Sarcoma" OR "Chondrosarcoma" OR "Chordoma". The top 50 articles pertaining to the orthopedic approach to bone sarcoma were included for analysis and included manuscript title, authors, citation count, journal and publication year. Results The mean number of citations are 187.06 (Range 125-400; SD 67.83). The average citations per year is 10.03 (Range 47.86-3.43; SD 8.05). Many articles were published from 2000 to 2009 (n = 20) and 1990-1999 (n = 13). The majority of the articles were published by institutions within the United States (n = 32). The most common level of evidence was level IV (n = 37). Majority of the articles focused on treatment outcome (n = 22). Conclusion This study offers a comprehensive review of the most cited literature regarding orthopedic approaches to bony sarcomas. Modern treatment approaches for bone sarcoma has resulted in an increased focus within the literature on achieving disease free survival wide tissue margins. Understanding the trends of available studies allows for physicians and researchers to target and innovate future areas of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses I. Markowitz
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Zachary Donato
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David S. Constantinescu
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Waleed Al-Hardan
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Max Baron
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Brooke Crawford
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 NW 12th Ave #303, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Bhakta P, Hunzeker ZE, Garcia JD, Youssef A, Grant BJ, Alfattal R, Weaver D, Bhargava P, Rischall A, Musunuru T, Muthukumarana PV, Mallick J, Lyapichev KA. Pathological fracture due to primary bone lymphoma in a patient with a history of prostate cancer: A case report and review of literature. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1100559. [PMID: 37007154 PMCID: PMC10061010 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is a rare extranodal presentation within lymphomas and primary bone malignancies. Pathologic fracture (PF) is a common complication of metastatic bone disease but is, rarely, the presentation of a primary bone tumor. We report a case of an 83-year-old man with a history of untreated prostate cancer, presenting with atraumatic fracture of his left femur after months of intermittent pains and weight loss. Radiographic workup revealed a lytic lesion suspicious for PF secondary to metastatic prostate cancer; however, initial core biopsy results were inconclusive for malignancy. A complete blood count with differential and complete metabolic panel was within normal limits. During surgical fixation and nailing of the femur, a reaming biopsy was performed as a repeat measure and revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Staging with positron emission tomography and computed tomography found no evidence of lymphatic or visceral involvement and chemotherapy was promptly initiated. This case highlights the diagnostic workup challenges for PF secondary to PBL, especially in the setting of concurrent malignancy. Because of the non-specific presentation of a lytic lesion on imaging associated with atraumatic fracture, we highlight PBL as an important diagnostic consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bhakta
- Department of Internal Medicine, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Zachary E. Hunzeker
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Juan D. Garcia
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ayman Youssef
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Bradley J. Grant
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Rasha Alfattal
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Dylan Weaver
- Department of Radiology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Peeyush Bhargava
- Department of Radiology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ariel Rischall
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Tejo Musunuru
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Palawinnage V. Muthukumarana
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Jayati Mallick
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Kirill A. Lyapichev
- Department of Pathology, John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Kirill A. Lyapichev,
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He Y, Zhou H, Huang X, Qu Y, Wang Y, Pei W, Zhang R, Chen S, You H. Infiltration of LPAR5 + macrophages in osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment predicts better outcomes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909932. [PMID: 36591220 PMCID: PMC9797602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been shown to be extensively involved in tumor development. However, the dynamic change of TME components and their effects are still unclear. Here, we attempted to identify TME-related genes that could help predict survival and may be potential therapeutic targets. Methods Data was collected from UCSC Xena and GEO database. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were applied to estimate the components and the proportions of TIICs in TME. We analyzed the gene expression differences of immune components and stromal components, respectively, and finally got the overlapped DEGs. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and univariate Cox regression analysis based on shared DEGs, we screened out and validated the TME-related genes. Focusing on this gene, we analyzed the expression and prognostic value of this gene, and investigated its relationship with immune cells by correlation analysis, single cell analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. Results Through a series analysis, we found that the proportion of immune and stromal components was an important prognostic factor, and screened out a key gene, LPAR5, which was highly correlated with prognosis and metastasis. And the expression of LPAR5 was positively correlated with immune cells, especially macrophages, indicating LPAR5+ macrophages played an important role in tumor microenvironment of osteosarcoma. Meanwhile, the genes in LPAR5 high expression group were enriched in immune-related activities and pathways, and differentially expressed genes between LPAR5+ macrophages and LPAR5- macrophages were enriched in the biological processes associated with phagocytosis and antigen presentation. What' more, we found that LPAR5 was mainly expressed in TME, and high LPAR5 expression predicting a better prognosis. Conclusion We identified a TME-related gene, LPAR5, which is a promising indicator for TME remodeling in osteosarcoma. Particularly, LPAR5+ macrophages might have great potential to be a prognostic factor and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haiting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunkun Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenbin Pei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Hongbo You,
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Giordano F, Lenna S, Baudo G, Rampado R, Massaro M, De Rosa E, Ewing A, Kurenbekova L, Agostini M, Yustein JT, Taraballi F. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor-loaded biomimetic nanoparticles as a treatment for osteosarcoma. Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSmall-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent a potentially powerful approach to the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS). However, dose-limiting toxicity, therapeutic efficacy, and targeting specificity are significant barriers to the use of TKIs in the clinic. Notably among TKIs, ponatinib demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity; however, it received an FDA black box warning for potential side effects. We propose ponatinib-loaded biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) to repurpose ponatinib as an efficient therapeutic option for OS. In this study, we demonstrate enhanced targeting ability and maintain potent ponatinib nano-therapeutic activity, while also reducing toxicity. In in vitro two- and three-dimensional models, we demonstrate that ponatinib-loaded biomimetic NPs maintain the efficacy of the free drug, while in vivo we show that they can improve tumor targeting, slow tumor growth, and reduce evidence of systemic toxicities. Though there is limited Pon encapsulation within NPs, this platform may improve current therapeutic approaches and reduce dosage-related side effects to achieve better clinical outcomes in OS patients.
Graphical Abstract
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Awny S, Zuhdy M, Hamdy O, Saleh GA, Hassan A, Abdelkhalek M, Mosaad A, Hafez MT, Roshdy S, Setit A, Megahed N. Primary thyroid chondrosarcoma: a case report of an extremely rare malignancy. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2022; 34:36. [DOI: 10.1186/s43046-022-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
There are different types of malignant tumors that can affect the thyroid gland where differentiated thyroid carcinomas (papillary and follicular) are the most common representing nearly 90% of cases. Non-epithelial malignancies were also reported to affect the thyroid gland particularly lymphomas and sarcomas that were reported in literature to range from 0.01 to 1.5% of thyroid carcinoma. Herein, we present a case with primary thyroid chondrosarcoma, an extremely rare malignancy of the thyroid gland.
Case presentation
We present a 79-year-old female patient complaining of hard thyroid swelling that was proved to be primary thyroid chondrosarcoma after histopathological assessment.
Conclusion
Chondrosarcoma of the thyroid gland is extremely rare either in the primary or metastatic setting. Although the prognosis is bad, surgery is the main line of treatment after early prompt diagnosis.
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Hamoudi C, Bouillet B, Martins A. Malignant transformation of a phalangeal enchondroma into a recurrent grade II chondrosarcoma requiring successive transcarpal amputations: a case report. Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg 2022; 9:179-184. [PMID: 35873925 PMCID: PMC9302012 DOI: 10.1080/23320885.2022.2099864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of malignant transformation of a phalangeal enchondroma into a grade II chondrosarcoma requiring two successive transcarpal amputations owing to recurrence. Soft tissue defects were repaired using single-stage reconstruction with a posterior interosseous artery flap. The 2-year follow-up assessment was satisfactory and no recurrence was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyran Hamoudi
- Department of Hand Surgery, SOS main, University hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin Bouillet
- Hand, Peripheral Nerves, and Microsurgery Unit, SOS Main Auvergne, La Chataigneraie Hospital, Beaumont, France
| | - Antoine Martins
- Department of Hand Surgery, SOS main, University hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hand, Peripheral Nerves, and Microsurgery Unit, SOS Main Auvergne, La Chataigneraie Hospital, Beaumont, France
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13
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Role of Primary Cilia in Skeletal Disorders. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:6063423. [PMID: 35761830 PMCID: PMC9233574 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6063423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are highly conserved microtubule-based organelles that project from the cell surface into the extracellular environment and play important roles in mechanosensation, mechanotransduction, polarity maintenance, and cell behaviors during organ development and pathological changes. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins are essential for cilium formation and function. The skeletal system consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, providing support, stability, and movement to the body. Great progress has been achieved in primary cilia and skeletal disorders in recent decades. Increasing evidence suggests that cells with cilium defects in the skeletal system can cause numerous human diseases. Moreover, specific deletion of ciliary proteins in skeletal tissues with different Cre mice resulted in diverse malformations, suggesting that primary cilia are involved in the development of skeletal diseases. In addition, the intact of primary cilium is essential to osteogenic/chondrogenic induction of mesenchymal stem cells, regarded as a promising target for clinical intervention for skeletal disorders. In this review, we summarized the role of primary cilia and ciliary proteins in the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases, including osteoporosis, bone/cartilage tumor, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, spine scoliosis, and other cilium-related skeletal diseases, and highlighted their promising treatment methods, including using mesenchymal stem cells. Our review tries to present evidence for primary cilium as a promising target for clinical intervention for skeletal diseases.
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Li Y, Yang S, Liu Y, Yang S. Mice with Trp53 and Rb1 deficiency in chondrocytes spontaneously develop chondrosarcoma via overactivation of YAP signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:570. [PMID: 35760773 PMCID: PMC9237030 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is a rare type of soft sarcoma with increased production of cartilage matrix arising from soft bone tissues. Currently, surgical resection is the primary clinical treatment for chondrosarcoma due to the poor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory due to the higher local recurrence rate. Thus, management and elucidation of the pathological mechanism of chondrosarcoma remain an ongoing challenge, and the development of effective chondrosarcoma mouse models and treatment options are urgently needed. Here, we generated a new transgenic chondrosarcoma model by double conditional deletions of Trp53 and Rb1 in chondrocyte lineage which spontaneously caused spinal chondrosarcoma and lung metastasis. Bioinformatic analysis of the human soft sarcoma database showed that Trp53 and Rb1 genes had higher mutations, reaching up to approximately 33.5% and 8.7%, respectively. Additionally, Trp53 and Rb1 signatures were decreased in the human and mouse chondrosarcoma tissues. Mechanistically, we found that YAP expression and activity were significantly increased in mouse Col2-Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/f chondrosarcoma tissues compared to the adjacent normal cartilage. Knockdown of YAP in primary chondrosarcoma cells significantly inhibited chondrosarcoma proliferation, invasion, and tumorsphere formation. Chondrocyte lineage ablation of YAP delayed chondrosarcoma progression and lung metastasis in Col2-Cre;Trp53f/f/Rb1f/f mice. Moreover, we found that metformin served as a YAP inhibitor, which bound to the activity area of YAP protein, and inhibited chondrosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and progression in vitro and significantly suppressed chondrosarcoma formation in vivo. Collectively, this study identifies the inhibition of YAP may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shuting Yang
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- The Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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15
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Li W, Xu C, Hu Z, Dong S, Wang H, Liu Q, Tang ZR, Li W, Wang B, Lei Z, Yin C. A Visualized Dynamic Prediction Model for Lymphatic Metastasis in Ewing's Sarcoma for Smart Medical Services. Front Public Health 2022; 10:877736. [PMID: 35602163 PMCID: PMC9114797 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.877736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to predict the lymphatic metastasis in Ewing's sarcoma (ES) patients by nomogram. The risk of lymphatic metastasis in patients with ES was predicted by the built model, which provided guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Methods A total of 929 patients diagnosed with ES were enrolled from the year of 2010 to 2016 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The nomogram was established to determine predictive factors of lymphatic metastasis according to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The validation of the model performed using multicenter data (n = 51). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and calibration plots were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the nomogram. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was implemented to illustrate the practicability of the nomogram clinical application. Based on the nomogram, we established a web calculator to visualize the risk of lymphatic metastases. We further plotted Kaplan-Meier overall survival (OS) curves to compare the survival time of patients with and without lymphatic metastasis. Results In this study, the nomogram was established based on six significant factors (survival time, race, T stage, M stage, surgery, and lung metastasis), which were identified for lymphatic metastasis in ES patients. The model showed significant diagnostic accuracy with the value of the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.743 (95%CI: 0.714–0.771) for SEER internal validation and 0.763 (95%CI: 0.623–0.871) for multicenter data external validation. The calibration plot and DCA indicated that the model had vital clinical application value. Conclusion In this study, we constructed and developed a nomogram with risk factors to predict lymphatic metastasis in ES patients and validated accuracy of itself. We found T stage (Tx OR = 2.540, 95%CI = 1.433–4.503, P < 0.01), M stage (M1, OR = 2.061, 95%CI = 1.189–3.573, P < 0.05) and survival time (OR = 0.982, 95%CI = 0.972–0.992, P < 0.001) were important independent factors for lymphatic metastasis in ES patients. Furthermore, survival time in patients with lymphatic metastasis or unclear situation (P < 0.0001) was significantly lower. It can help clinicians make better decisions to provide more accurate prognosis and treatment for ES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenle Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Chan Xu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhaohui Hu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Shengtao Dong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haosheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhi-Ri Tang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanying Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhi Lei
- Chronic Disease Division, Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China.,Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chengliang Yin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
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16
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Li Z, Zhou C, Peng Q, Wang S, Qian G, Tang L, Zhou X, Yang Q, Shen Z, Huang G, Wang Y, Li H. Fibrinogen–Albumin Ratio Index Exhibits Predictive Value of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:1671-1682. [PMID: 35547600 PMCID: PMC9084387 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s358310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenliang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of VIP Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suguo Wang
- Department of VIP Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guowei Qian
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute of Jilin University, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - GaoZhong Huang
- Department of VIP Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yonggang Wang; Hongtao Li, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Xu Hui District, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China, Tel +086-021-24058408, Email ;
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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He Y, Zhou H, Xu H, You H, Cheng H. Construction of an Immune-Related lncRNA Signature That Predicts Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:769202. [PMID: 35494024 PMCID: PMC9047752 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.769202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common bone tumors in teenagers. We hope to provide a reliable method to predict the prognosis of osteosarcoma and find potential targets for early diagnosis and precise treatment. To address this issue, we performed a detailed bioinformatics analysis based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 85 osteosarcoma patients with gene expression data and clinicopathological features were included in this study, which was considered the entire set. They were randomly divided into a train set and a test set. We identified six lncRNAs (ELFN1-AS1, LINC00837, OLMALINC, AL669970.3, AC005332.4 and AC023157.3), and constructed a signature that exhibited good predictive ability of patient survival and metastasis. What’s more, we found that risk score calculated by the signature was positively correlated to tumor purity, CD4+ naive T cells, and negatively correlated to CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, we investigated each lncRNA in the signature and found that these six lncRNAs were associated with tumorigenesis and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, we constructed and validated a signature, which had good performance in the prediction of survival, metastasis and immune microenvironment. Our study indicated possible mechanisms of these lncRNAs in the development of osteosarcoma, which may provide new insights into the precise treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbo You, ; Hao Cheng,
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbo You, ; Hao Cheng,
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18
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Tayal S, Singh V, Kaur T, Singh N, Mehta DS. Multimodal biomicroscopic system for the characterization of cells with high spatial phase sensitivity and sub-pixel accuracy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100258. [PMID: 34855288 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal analysis is highly advantageous for various biomedical applications including cancer and brain studies. Simultaneous measurement of quantitative phase with sub-pixel accuracy and fluorescence image is difficult to achieve in single measurement. Conventionally, off-axis interferograms are analyzed using the Fourier-transform method which limits the accuracy of the phase maps by pixel size, and usually the location of the carrier peak is in sub-pixel. We report a multimodal microscopic system consisting of high-resolution (HR) quantitative phase interferometer to retrieve sub-pixel accuracy in phase imaging and an oblique-illumination-based fluorescence imaging system which decouples the excited light from emitted signal light to avoid saturation of the camera, both integrated into a single unit. Here, highly resolved phase maps are obtained using a two-step process. First, using a speckle-free illumination which offers high spatial phase sensitivity. Second, using a hamming window for accurate estimation of original signal frequency information and HR discrete Fourier transform (DFT) which offers sub-pixel accuracy in phase measurements. HR-DFT has computational load of OABβ , where A×B is the size of the interferogram and β is the upsampling factor, making system computationally more robust and efficient compared to zero-padded FFT. The experiment is conducted on MG63 osteosarcoma and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and their quantitative parameters are extracted with significantly improved accuracy. The average phase for MG63 cells and hMSCs, for nucleus is obtained to be 8.02 rad ± 0.80 rad and 4.29 rad ± 0.43 rad, respectively, and for cytoplasm is obtained to be 2.63 rad ± 0.96 rad and 1.73 rad ± 0.57 rad, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Tayal
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena Singh
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Tejinder Kaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Dalip Singh Mehta
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Oxidative and Antioxidative Status Expressed as OSI Index and GSH/GSSG Ratio in Children with Bone Tumors after Anticancer Therapy Completion. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061663. [PMID: 35329989 PMCID: PMC8955670 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims. There are no data on the redox status of children with bone tumors in complete disease remission. Therefore, the presented study examined the reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, total oxidant capacity (TOC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values as well as the oxidative stress index (OSI) for assessing alterations in the oxidant/antioxidant balance in 35 children with osteosarcoma or Ewing’s sarcoma after anticancer therapy completion (median 14 months) compared with a control group. Methods. GSH, GSSG, TOC, TAC concentrations and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) activity were evaluated by immunoenzymatic (ELISA) and enzymatic methods. Results. We found no differences in serum BALP activity between all survivors with bone tumors and the control group. Patients with osteosarcoma after anticancer therapy completion had significantly higher values of TAC, GSH and the GSH/GSSG ratio as well as GSSG than healthy subjects. In patients with Ewing’s sarcoma, we found significantly higher values of TOC concentration compared with healthy children. In addition, survivors with Ewing’s sarcoma had higher TOC concentrations and OSI index values (p < 0.01), but a lower GSH/GSSG ratio (p < 0.05) than survivors with osteosarcoma. A positive correlation between TOC and the post-therapy period was observed in survivors. Conclusions. We found that in survivors with bone tumors, a disturbed balance between prooxidants and antioxidants persists after the completion of anticancer treatment. Moreover, an increased TOC value together with the post-therapy period may suggest increasing oxidative processes in survivors with bone tumors after treatment. Further observations will allow assessment of the relationship between the oxidant/antioxidant status and the predisposition of survivors to bone neoplastic disease recurrence.
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20
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Tumor Suppressive Role of miR-342-5p and miR-491-5p in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030362. [PMID: 35337159 PMCID: PMC8949568 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcomas are the most common type of malignant bone tumor. These tumors are characterized by the synthesis of an osteoid matrix. Current treatments are based on surgery and combination chemotherapy. However, for metastatic or recurrent tumors, chemotherapy is generally ineffective, and osteosarcomas are sometimes unresectable. Thus, the use of microRNAs (miRNAs) may represent an attractive alternative for the development of new therapies. Using high-throughput functional screening based on impedancemetry, we previously selected five miRNAs with potential chemosensitizing or antiproliferative effects on chondrosarcoma cells. We validated the tumor-suppressive activity of miR-491-5p and miR-342-5p in three chondrosarcoma cell lines. Here, we carried out individual functional validation of these five miRNAs in three osteosarcoma cell lines used as controls to evaluate their specificity of action on another type of bone sarcoma. The cytotoxic effects of miR-491-5p and miR-342-5p were also confirmed in osteosarcoma cells. Both miRNAs induced apoptosis. They increased Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer (Bak) protein expression and directly targeted Bcl-2 lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). MiR-342-5p also decreased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression, and miR-491-5p decreased that of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). MiR-342-5p and miR-491-5p show tumor-suppressive activity in osteosarcomas. This study also confirms the potential of Bcl-xL as a therapeutic target in osteosarcomas.
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Owen-Woods C, Kusumbe A. Fundamentals of bone vasculature: Specialization, interactions and functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:36-47. [PMID: 34281770 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, hematopoiesis and osteogenesis are fundamental processes mediating complex and essential biological functions. In the bone marrow, endothelial cells (ECs) are a principal mediator of regulatory signals that govern hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. EC and osteoblast interactions and niche functions of ECs are fundamental in maintaining bone health and coordinating repair and regeneration following injury. These cellular interactions are subject to dysregulation and deterioration under stress, aging, chronic disease states and malignancy. Thus, the prospect of manipulating the bone vasculature has tremendous potential to advance therapeutic interventions for the management of bone diseases. This review discusses the current state of vascular-skeletal tissue interactions focusing on osteoblast and hematopoietic stem cells interaction with ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Owen-Woods
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Anjali Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK.
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22
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Bone Tumors. Radiol Clin North Am 2022; 60:221-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dana PM, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Molecular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4436-4444. [PMID: 35139778 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220209110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among primary bone malignancies, osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form causing morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. The interesting point about this malignancy is that nearly 10-20% of its newly diagnosed cases have developed metastasis. This adds up to the fact that the survival rate of both metastatic and non-metastatic patients of osteosarcoma hasn't changed in the past 30 years and suggests that we need to revise our therapeutic options for OS. In recent years, diverse signaling pathways have drawn the attention of the scientific community since they can be great candidates for treating complicated diseases such as cancer. In this review, we have tried to explain the pathophysiology of osteosarcoma by the help of different signaling pathways taking part in its initiation/progression and investigate how this pathway can be targeted for providing more efficient methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kim HS, Kim HJ, Hwang HJ, Ahn JH, Do SH. Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120307. [PMID: 34941834 PMCID: PMC8707392 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Despite its malignancy, the dog showed no sign of recurrence or metastasis three months after the resection. Further analysis of the tumor cells revealed a high expression of proliferation- and metastasis-related biomarkers in the absence of angiogenesis-related biomarkers, suggesting that the lack of angiogenesis and the elevated tumor-associated fibrosis resulted in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment and prevented metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Hyun-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- Waltz Animal Hospital, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07411, Korea;
| | - Sun-Hee Do
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-3706
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Mohammadhoseini P, Razzaghi S, Barazesh M, Jalili S. Ewing's sarcoma of the hip: A case report with no evidence of tumor recurrence and literature review. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101131. [PMID: 34621919 PMCID: PMC8484741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ewing's sarcoma (ES) of the hip and trochanteric region is a rare malignancy. The tumor has a poor prognosis due to the problems in early diagnosis and medical intervention. Case presentation This paper reports a rare case of hip ES presented in a 34y/o female. The clinical, radiological, and histopathological features were all in favor of ES. Following treatment by neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy, and irradiation the patient is now with complete resolution of the tumor. Conclusion The patient remained free of disease through 4 years of follow-up until now after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Mohammadhoseini
- Orthopaedics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Samira Razzaghi
- Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Barazesh
- School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Science, Gerash, Iran
| | - Sajad Jalili
- Orthopaedics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Corresponding author.
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Liu Y, Wang D, Ji Q, Yan J. LncRNA MATN1-AS1 for Prediction of Prognosis in Osteosarcoma Patients and Its Cellular Function. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 64:66-74. [PMID: 34542816 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs show essential roles in various cancer processes. This study aimed at the expression features, prognosis significance, and biological effect of lnc MATN1-AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS). Five kinds of cell lines and 117 pairs of tissues were analyzed by qRT-PCR for quantification of lnc MATN1-AS1 and miR-1299 level. Clinical data were analyzed using Chi-Square Tests to show the association with lnc MATN1-AS1 level. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to judge the prognostic value. Cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assay were conducted, respectively, to analyze the effect of lnc MATN1-AS1 on cell proliferation and metastasis. The target miRNA was predicted. lnc MATN1-AS1 level was significantly elevated in OS cells and tissues and related to Enneking staging, lung metastasis, and histologic type. Patients with high lnc MATN1-AS1 level showed a shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Lnc MATN1-AS1 knockdown inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by sponging miR-1299. Lnc MATN1-AS1 has oncogenic features and prognostic significance in OS and is a novel therapeutic strategy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liu
- Department of Sixth Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Yantai city Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Qinghui Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154000, China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Sixth Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Girisa S, Henamayee S, Parama D, Rana V, Dutta U, Kunnumakkara AB. Targeting Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) for developing novel therapeutics against cancer. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:21. [PMID: 35006466 PMCID: PMC8607382 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the lethal diseases that arise due to the molecular alterations in the cell. One of those alterations associated with cancer corresponds to differential expression of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor regulating bile, cholesterol homeostasis, lipid, and glucose metabolism. FXR is known to regulate several diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases, the two highly reported causes of mortality globally. Recent studies have shown the association of FXR overexpression with cancer development and progression in different types of cancers of breast, lung, pancreas, and oesophagus. It has also been associated with tissue-specific and cell-specific roles in various cancers. It has been shown to modulate several cell-signalling pathways such as EGFR/ERK, NF-κB, p38/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK/STAT along with their targets such as caspases, MMPs, cyclins; tumour suppressor proteins like p53, C/EBPβ, and p-Rb; various cytokines; EMT markers; and many more. Therefore, FXR has high potential as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of cancer. Thus, the present review focuses on the diverse role of FXR in different cancers and its agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sahu Henamayee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Nazarizadeh A, Alizadeh-Fanalou S, Hosseini A, Mirzaei A, Salimi V, Keshipour H, Safizadeh B, Jamshidi K, Bahrabadi M, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. Evaluation of local and circulating osteopontin in malignant and benign primary bone tumors. J Bone Oncol 2021; 29:100377. [PMID: 34235049 PMCID: PMC8246632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The development of novel and efficient biomarkers for primary bone cancers is of grave importance. Methods The expression pattern of osteopontin (OPN) was investigated in the 153 patients with benign (n = 72) and malignant (n = 81) primary bone cancers. Both local and circulating OPN mRNA expression levels and their protein concentration in serum and tumor site were assessed using real-time qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry techniques, respectively. As a control, 29 healthy individuals were considered. The number of 153 tumor tissue specimens and the 153 paired margins were taken on surgical resection from the patients. 153 blood samples were also drained from all participants, then peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and sera were separated. Results The mean mRNA expression was significantly higher in all of the cancerous tissues than the paired margins and the PBMC of the patients than the controls. Consistently, the protein concentrations of OPN in serum and tumor tissues were significantly higher in the patients. Furthermore, the malignant cases had significantly elevated the mRNA levels and the protein compared to the benign cases. OPN could potentially differentiate the patients from the controls with 100% sensitivity and specificity in serum. Moreover, OPN could predict some of the malignant cases' clinicopathological features, including metastasis, recurrence, grade, and response to chemotherapy. Conclusions In conclusion, OPN might be involved in the pathogenesis of primary bone tumors and can be considered as a potential biomarker to bone cancer diagnosis.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, One-way analysis of variance
- AUC, area under the curve
- Bone tumors
- CI, confidence interval
- Chondrosarcoma
- DAPI, 4′,6-Diamidine-2′-phenylindole dihydrochloride
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- Ewing Sarcoma
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- MMP9, Matrix metallopeptidase 9
- OCT, Optimal Cutting Temperature
- OPN, Osteopontin
- Osteopontin
- Osteosarcoma
- PBMC, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- S100A8, S100 calcium-binding protein A8
- SOX9, SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9
- cDNA, Complementary DNA
- qRT-PCR, Quantitative Real-time transcription-polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nazarizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameinh Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Keshipour
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Safizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khodamorad Jamshidi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bahrabadi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang W, Wang L, Zhang P, Zhang Q. m6A regulators are associated with osteosarcoma metastasis and have prognostic significance: A study based on public databases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25952. [PMID: 34011074 PMCID: PMC8137066 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma represents the most common malignant bone tumor with high metastatic potential and inferior prognosis. RNA methylation (N6-methyladenosine [m6A]) is a prevalent RNA modification that epigenetically influences numerous biological processes including tumorigenesis. This study aims to determine that m6A regulators are significant biomarkers for osteosarcoma, and establish a prognostic model to predict the survival of patients. METHODS In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the underlying associations between m6A regulators' mRNA expressions and metastasis as well as prognosis of osteosarcoma patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas. Multivariate Cox-regression analysis was used to screen regulators that were significantly associated with overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox-regression analysis was used for constructing m6A regulator-based osteosarcoma prognostic signature. RESULTS Some of the regulators exhibited aberrant mRNA levels between osteosarcoma samples with and without metastasis. Multivariate Cox-regression analysis identified several regulators with potential prognostic significance. A risk score formula consisted of methyltransferase-like 3, YTH domains of Homo sapiens, and fat mass and obesity-associated protein was obtained through which patients could be prognostically stratified independently of potential confounding factors. The signature was also significantly associated with the metastatic potential of osteosarcoma. All the analyses could be well reproduced in another independent osteosarcoma cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study first revealed potential roles of m6A regulators in osteosarcoma metastasis and prognosis, which should be helpful for its clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Mental Health Center
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Ear Nose Throat, Huantai Branch, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma: Clinical aspects, biomarker discovery and liquid biopsy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103340. [PMID: 33894338 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone sarcomas, although rare, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most frequent primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The treatment approaches are heterogeneous and mainly chosen based on precise tumour staging. Unfortunately, clinical outcome has not changed significantly in over 30 years and tumour grade is still the best prognosticator of metastatic disease and survival. An option to improve this scenario is to identify molecular biomarkers in the early stage of the disease, or even before the disease onset. Blood-based liquid biopsies are a promising, non-invasive way to achieve this goal and there are an increasing number of studies which investigate their potential application in bone cancer diagnosis, prognosis and personalised therapy. This review summarises the interplay between clinical and molecular aspects of the three main bone sarcomas, alongside biomarker discovery and promising applications of liquid biopsy in each tumour context.
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31
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Al-Hashimi MM, Warttan HA. Modelling count data with an excess of zero values applied to childhood bone tumour incidence in Iraq. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2021; 16. [PMID: 33733648 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2021.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone tumours are rarely found in children and adolescents (0- 19 years old), but there are reports from some provinces in Iraq indicating possible increases in the incidence of childhood bone cancer. Since counts are very low and often zero, or near zero, we fitted zero-inflated Poisson, zero-inflated negative binomial, Poisson hurdle, and negative binomial hurdle regression models to investigate these changes. We used data covering the 2000-2015 period taking age, gender and province into account with the aim of identifying potential health disparities. The results indicate that the zero-inflated Poisson is the most appropriate approach. We also found that, the incidence rate ratio of bone tumours for age groups of 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 years were 134%, 490% and 723% higher, respectively, compared to the 0-4 year olds. The incidence rate was higher by 49% higher in males compared to females. Compared to 2000-2004, the rate was higher during 2005-2009 and 2010-2015 by 23% and 50%, respectively. In addition, the provinces Al-Muthana and Al-Diwaniyah in the South were found to have a higher incidence rate than other provinces. Join point analysis showed that the age-adjusted incidence rate had a significant, increasing trend, with an average percentage change of 3.1% during 2000-2015. The study suggests that further research into childhood tumours, bone tumours in particular, is needed. Reference to the effect of environmental factors in this group of medical disorders would be of special interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasmek Antranik Warttan
- Department of Business Management Techniques, Administrative Technical College, Northern Technical University, Mosul.
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32
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Xu L, Xie X, Shi X, Zhang P, Liu A, Wang J, Zhang B. Potential application of genomic profiling for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with sarcoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:353. [PMID: 33747210 PMCID: PMC7967939 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies arising at various locations in the soft tissue and bone. Though a rare disease, sarcoma affects ~200,000 patients worldwide every year. The prognosis of patients with sarcoma is poor, and targeted therapy options are limited; therefore, accurate diagnosis and classification are essential for effective treatment. Sarcoma samples were acquired from 199 patients, in which TP53 (39.70%, 79/199), CDKN2A (19.10%, 38/199), CDKN2B (15.08%, 30/199), KIT (14.07%, 28/199), ATRX (10.05%, 20/199) and RB1 (10.05%, 20/199) were identified as the most commonly mutated genes (>10% incidence). Among 64 soft-tissue sarcomas that were unclassified by immunohistochemistry, 15 (23.44%, 15/64) were subsequently classified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). For the most part, the sarcoma subtypes were evenly distributed between male and female patients, while a significant association with sex was detected in leiomyosarcomas. Statistical analysis showed that osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and liposarcoma were all significantly associated with the patient age, and that angiosarcoma was significantly associated with high tumor mutational burden. Furthermore, serially mutated genes associated with myxofibrosarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma were identified, as well as neurotrophic tropomyosin-related kinase (NTRK) fusions of IRF2BP2-NTRK1, MEF2A-NTRK3 and ITFG1-NTRK3. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that NGS-targeting provides potential new biomarkers for sarcoma diagnosis, and may guide more precise therapeutic strategies for patients with bone and soft-tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xianbiao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | | | - Peng Zhang
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201114, P.R. China
| | - Angen Liu
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201114, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Valentin D, Presas A, Roehr C, Mele E, Biehl C, Heiss C, Bosbach WA. On the quantification of local power densities in a new vibration bioreactor. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245768. [PMID: 33481928 PMCID: PMC7822512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the power densities which are obtainable locally in a vibration bioreactor. These reactor systems are of great relevance for research about oncological or antibacterial therapies. Our focus lies on the local liquid pressure caused by resonance vibration in the fluid contained by the reactor's petri dish. We use for the excitation one piezoelectric patch which offer advantages concerning controllability and reproducibility, when compared to ultrasound. The experimental work is extended by finite element analyses of bioreactor details. The peaks of the vibration response for water, sodium chloride (0.1N Standard solution), and McCoy's 5A culture medium are in good alignment. Several natural frequencies can be observed. Local power density can reach multiple times the magnitude used in ultrasound studies. Based on the observed local power densities, we are planning future work for the exposure of cell cultures to mechanical vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Valentin
- Center for Industrial Diagnostics and Fluid Dynamics (CDIF), Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Presas
- Center for Industrial Diagnostics and Fluid Dynamics (CDIF), Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charline Roehr
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisa Mele
- Materials Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Biehl
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Heiss
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfram A. Bosbach
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Liu JF, Chen PC, Chang TM, Hou CH. Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 promotes cancer cell migration via c-Raf/MAPK/AP-1 pathway and MMP-9 production in osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:254. [PMID: 33228783 PMCID: PMC7684958 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is generally reported among younger individuals and has a very poor prognosis, particularly for the development of metastasis. However, more effective metastatic biomarkers and therapeutic methods are absent. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in cancer progression and inflammatory recruitment. Although previous studies have reported higher serum MCP-1 levels in patients with osteosarcoma, the role of MCP-1 in osteosarcoma progression remains to be addressed. Methods The osteosarcoma cell migratory ability was assessed by transwell migration assay. The MCP-1 and MMP-9 expression levels were analyzed by Western blot and qPCR. The signal activation was conducted by Western blot. The in vivo mouse experiment and tumor tissue array were performed to confirm our findings in vitro. Results The present study demonstrates that MCP-1 regulates cell mobility through matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, MCP-1 promotes MMP-9 expression, cell migration, and cell invasion by mediating CCR2, c-Raf, MAPK, and AP-1 signal transduction. Using MCP-1 knockdown stable cell lines, we found that MCP-1 knockdown reduces MMP-9 expression and cell mobility. Finally, we found high MCP-1 expression levels in osteosarcoma specimens. Conclusions Our results provide prognostic value of MCP-1 in osteosarcoma by promoting MMP-9 expression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01756-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Fang Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Translational medicine center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, 11101, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, 100, NO. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei City, 11102, Taiwan, ROC.
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SOX9 Knockout Induces Polyploidy and Changes Sensitivity to Tumor Treatment Strategies in a Chondrosarcoma Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207627. [PMID: 33076370 PMCID: PMC7589851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As most chemotherapeutic drugs are ineffective in the treatment of chondrosarcoma, we studied the expression pattern and function of SOX9, the master transcription factor for chondrogenesis, in chondrosarcoma, to understand the basic molecular principles needed for engineering new targeted therapies. Our study shows an increase in SOX9 expression in chondrosarcoma compared to normal cartilage, but a decrease when the tumors are finally defined as dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS). In DDCS, SOX9 is almost completely absent in the non-chondroid, dedifferentiated compartments. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of SOX9 in a human chondrosarcoma cell line (HTB94) results in reduced proliferation, clonogenicity and migration, accompanied by an inability to activate MMP13. In contrast, adhesion, apoptosis and polyploidy formation are favored after SOX9 deletion, probably involving BCL2 and survivin. The siRNA-mediated SOX9 knockdown partially confirmed these results, suggesting the need for a certain SOX9 threshold for particular cancer-related events. To increase the efficacy of chondrosarcoma therapies, potential therapeutic approaches were analyzed in SOX9 knockout cells. Here, we found an increased impact of doxorubicin, but a reduced sensitivity for oncolytic virus treatment. Our observations present novel insight into the role of SOX9 in chondrosarcoma biology and could thereby help to overcome the obstacle of drug resistance and limited therapy options.
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Li H, Lan M, Liao X, Tang Z, Yang C. Circular RNA cir-ITCH Promotes Osteosarcoma Migration and Invasion through cir-ITCH/miR-7/EGFR Pathway. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033819898728. [PMID: 31960764 PMCID: PMC6974758 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819898728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that circular RNAs play an important role in the
progression of various cancers. We aimed to investigate the possible role of
cir-ITCH in osteosarcoma. In this study, we performed experiments with
the human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19 and several osteosarcoma cancer cell lines and the
results showed that the expression of cir-ITCH in osteosarcoma cancer
cell lines was significantly upregulated compared to that in the human osteoblast cell
line. In addition, the results showed that cir-ITCH could promote the
migration, invasion, and growth of osteosarcoma cells. Further mechanistic studies
revealed that cir-ITCH could enhance epidermal growth factor receptor
(EGFR) expression by reducing the level of miR-7. Increased EGFR phosphorylation was found
to be concomitant with high expression of EGFR. We determined that
cir-ITCH-mediated increase in the migration and invasion of
osteosarcoma cells was dependent on EGFR phosphorylation. In conclusion, our research
uncovered an important role of the cir-ITCH/miR-7/EGFR pathway in the
migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and suggested that cir-ITCH
may be a prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingen Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Roche ME, Lin Z, Whitaker-Menezes D, Zhan T, Szuhai K, Bovee JVMG, Abraham JA, Jiang W, Martinez-Outschoorn U, Basu-Mallick A. Translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20) facilitates cancer aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance in chondrosarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165962. [PMID: 32920118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone malignancy, representing one fourth of all primary bone sarcomas. It is typically resistant to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer aggressiveness in chondrosarcomas remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of mitochondrial transporters in chondrosarcoma aggressiveness including chemotherapy resistance. Histological grade along with stage are the most important prognostic biomarkers in chondrosarcoma. We found that high-grade human chondrosarcoma tumors have higher expression of the mitochondrial protein, translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20), compared to low-grade tumors. TOMM20 overexpression in human chondrosarcoma cells induces chondrosarcoma tumor growth in vivo. TOMM20 drives proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance. Also, TOMM20 induces markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metabolic reprogramming in these mesenchymal tumors. In conclusion, TOMM20 drives chondrosarcoma aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Roche
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Zhao Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Diana Whitaker-Menezes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | | | - John A Abraham
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Atrayee Basu-Mallick
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Ruskin EI, Coomar PP, Sikder P, Bhaduri SB. Magnetic Calcium Phosphate Cement for Hyperthermia Treatment of Bone Tumors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3501. [PMID: 32784386 PMCID: PMC7475887 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article reports, for the first time, the 'proof-of-concept' results on magnetic monetite (CaHPO4)-based calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) compositions developed for the hyperthermia treatment of bone tumors. Hyperthermia involves the heating of a tumor within a temperature range of 40-45 °C, inducing apoptosis in the tumor cells. This process holds promising potential in the field of cancer treatment and has been proven to be more effective than conventional therapeutics. Hence, we aimed to develop cement compositions that are capable of the hyperthermia treatment of bone tumors. To achieve that central goal, we incorporated iron oxide (Fe3O4), a ferromagnetic material, into monetite and hypothesized that, upon the application of a magnetic field, magnetite will generate heat and ablate the tumor cells near the implantation site. The results confirmed that an optimized content of magnetite incorporation in monetite can generate heat in the range of 40-45 °C upon the application of a magnetic field. Furthermore, the compositions were bioactive and cytocompatible with an osteoblastic cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel Ibinabo Ruskin
- Department of Mechanical Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (E.I.R.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Paritosh Perry Coomar
- College of Literature, Sciences & Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Prabaha Sikder
- Department of Mechanical Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (E.I.R.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Sarit B. Bhaduri
- Department of Mechanical Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (E.I.R.); (S.B.B.)
- ENG-EEC Division, The National Science Foundation (NSF), Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
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Czarnecka AM, Synoradzki K, Firlej W, Bartnik E, Sobczuk P, Fiedorowicz M, Grieb P, Rutkowski P. Molecular Biology of Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2130. [PMID: 32751922 PMCID: PMC7463657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone cancer in children and adolescents and the third most frequent in adults. Many inherited germline mutations are responsible for syndromes that predispose to osteosarcomas including Li Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma syndrome, Werner syndrome, Bloom syndrome or Diamond-Blackfan anemia. TP53 is the most frequently altered gene in osteosarcoma. Among other genes mutated in more than 10% of OS cases, c-Myc plays a role in OS development and promotes cell invasion by activating MEK-ERK pathways. Several genomic studies showed frequent alterations in the RB gene in pediatric OS patients. Osteosarcoma driver mutations have been reported in NOTCH1, FOS, NF2, WIF1, BRCA2, APC, PTCH1 and PRKAR1A genes. Some miRNAs such as miR-21, -34a, -143, -148a, -195a, -199a-3p and -382 regulate the pathogenic activity of MAPK and PI3K/Akt-signaling pathways in osteosarcoma. CD133+ osteosarcoma cells have been shown to exhibit stem-like gene expression and can be tumor-initiating cells and play a role in metastasis and development of drug resistance. Although currently osteosarcoma treatment is based on adriamycin chemoregimens and surgery, there are several potential targeted therapies in development. First of all, activity and safety of cabozantinib in osteosarcoma were studied, as well as sorafenib and pazopanib. Finally, novel bifunctional molecules, of potential imaging and osteosarcoma targeting applications may be used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Synoradzki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Firlej
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Sobczuk
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Interinstitute Laboratory of New Diagnostic Applications of MRI, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Grieb
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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Kim DH, Lee HS, Mun YH, Koh S, Park JS, Lee SM, Kang NW, Lee MY, Cho CW, Kim DD, Lee JY. An overview of chondrosarcoma with a focus on nanoscale therapeutics. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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41
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Rani S, Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh S, Ghosh SB, Liu G. Advances in Sensing Technologies for Monitoring of Bone Health. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10040042. [PMID: 32326229 PMCID: PMC7235906 DOI: 10.3390/bios10040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
: Changing lifestyle and food habits are responsible for health problems, especially those related to bone in an aging population. Poor bone health has now become a serious matter of concern for many of us. In order to avoid serious consequences, the early prediction of symptoms and diagnosis of bone diseases have become the need of the hour. From this inspiration, the evolution of different bone health monitoring techniques and measurement methods practiced by researchers and healthcare companies has been discussed. This paper focuses on various types of bone diseases along with the modeling and remodeling phenomena of bones. The evolution of various diagnosis tests for bone health monitoring has been also discussed. Various types of bone turnover markers, their assessment techniques, and recent developments for the monitoring of biochemical markers to diagnose the bone conditions are highlighted. Then, the paper focuses on the potential assessment of the recent sensing techniques (physical sensors and biosensors) that are currently available for bone health monitoring. Considering the importance of electrochemical biosensors in terms of high sensitivity and reliability, specific attention has been given to the recent development of electrochemical biosensors and significance in real-time monitoring of bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rani
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering (SAMM), Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering (SAMM), Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Subrata Bandhu Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), School of Automobile, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering (SAMM), Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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42
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Ceci C, Atzori MG, Lacal PM, Graziani G. Role of VEGFs/VEGFR-1 Signaling and its Inhibition in Modulating Tumor Invasion: Experimental Evidence in Different Metastatic Cancer Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1388. [PMID: 32085654 PMCID: PMC7073125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members, VEGF-A, placenta growth factor (PlGF), and to a lesser extent VEGF-B, play an essential role in tumor-associated angiogenesis, tissue infiltration, and metastasis formation. Although VEGF-A can activate both VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 membrane receptors, PlGF and VEGF-B exclusively interact with VEGFR-1. Differently from VEGFR-2, which is involved both in physiological and pathological angiogenesis, in the adult VEGFR-1 is required only for pathological angiogenesis. Besides this role in tumor endothelium, ligand-mediated stimulation of VEGFR-1 expressed in tumor cells may directly induce cell chemotaxis and extracellular matrix invasion. Furthermore, VEGFR-1 activation in myeloid progenitors and tumor-associated macrophages favors cancer immune escape through the release of immunosuppressive cytokines. These properties have prompted a number of preclinical and clinical studies to analyze VEGFR-1 involvement in the metastatic process. The aim of the present review is to highlight the contribution of VEGFs/VEGFR-1 signaling in the progression of different tumor types and to provide an overview of the therapeutic approaches targeting VEGFR-1 currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ceci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Maria Grazia Atzori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Pedro Miguel Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, “Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico”, IDI-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.G.A.)
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Pan S, Yin J, Yu L, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Chen Y. 2D MXene-Integrated 3D-Printing Scaffolds for Augmented Osteosarcoma Phototherapy and Accelerated Tissue Reconstruction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1901511. [PMID: 31993282 PMCID: PMC6974945 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The residual of malignant tumor cells and lack of bone-tissue integration are the two critical concerns of bone-tumor recurrence and surgical failure. In this work, the rational integration of 2D Ti3C2 MXene is reported with 3D-printing bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds for achieving concurrent bone-tumor killing by photonic hyperthermia and bone-tissue regeneration by bioactive scaffolds. The designed composite scaffolds take the unique feature of high photothermal conversion of integrated 2D Ti3C2 MXene for inducing bone-tumor ablation by near infrared-triggered photothermal hyperthermia, which has achieved the complete tumor eradication on in vivo bone-tumor xenografts. Importantly, the rational integration of 2D Ti3C2 MXene is demonstrated to efficiently accelerate the in vivo growth of newborn bone tissue of the composite BG scaffolds. The dual functionality of bone-tumor killing and bone-tissue regeneration makes these Ti3C2 MXene-integrated composite scaffolds highly promising for the treatment of bone tumors, which also substantially broadens the biomedical applications of 2D MXenes in tissue engineering, especially on the treatment of bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Pan
- State Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093P. R. China
| | - Junhui Yin
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Luodan Yu
- State Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Yufang Zhu
- State Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093P. R. China
| | - Youshui Gao
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
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López-Garrido L, Bañuelos-Hernández AE, Pérez-Hernández E, Tecualt-Gómez R, Quiroz-Williams J, Ariza-Castolo A, Becerra-Martínez E, Pérez-Hernández N. Metabolic profiling of serum in patients with cartilage tumours using 1 H-NMR spectroscopy: A pilot study. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:65-76. [PMID: 31323132 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage-forming lesions include tumours that can vary in severity from benign enchondromas to high-grade malignant chondrosarcomas. Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent malignant bone tumour, accounting for 20-30% of all malignant bone neoplasms. Surgery is the standard treatment for cartilage tumours (CTs); however, their incidental diagnosis and the difficult differentiation of low-grade lesions like chondrosarcoma grade I from benign entities like enchondroma are challenges for clinical management. In this sense, the search for circulating biomarkers for early detection and prognosis is an ongoing interest. Targeted metabolomics is a powerful tool that can propose potential biomarkers in biological fluids as well as help to discover disturbed metabolic pathways to reveal tumour pathogenesis. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic serum profile of patients with CTs contrasted with healthy controls. Forty-one metabolites were identified and quantified; the multivariate statistical methods principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis reveal a clear separation of the CT group, that is, the differential metabolites that were involved in two main metabolic pathways: the taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Our results represent preliminary work for emergent serum-based diagnostics or prognostic methods for patients with chondrogenic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana López-Garrido
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Angel E Bañuelos-Hernández
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Pérez-Hernández
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, UMAE de Traumatología, Ortopedia y Rehabilitación "Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Romeo Tecualt-Gómez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, UMAE de Traumatología, Ortopedia y Rehabilitación "Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Quiroz-Williams
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, UMAE de Traumatología, Ortopedia y Rehabilitación "Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Armando Ariza-Castolo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elvia Becerra-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nury Pérez-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Guo W, Jiang H, Li H, Li F, Yu Q, Liu Y, Jiang W, Zhang M. LncRNA-SRA1 Suppresses Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation While Promoting Cell Apoptosis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033819841438. [PMID: 31106680 PMCID: PMC6535715 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819841438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor that is frequently found in the long bones of children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine long noncoding RNA-steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression in osteosarcoma to explore the biological function of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion along with apoptosis and its regulatory mechanism, which would facilitate the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of osteosarcoma. Methods: First, microarray analysis was applied to determine the expression of long noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma tissues and paired normal tissues. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to validate microarray findings. Next, osteosarcoma cancerous cell lines SJSA-1 and U2OS were transfected with pcDNA3.1-SRA1 or pCMV-sh-SRA1 to increase or decrease steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression levels, and microRNA-208a inhibitors, mimic to investigate the effects of microRNA-208a on osteosarcoma as well as the regulatory relation between long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 and microRNA-208a. Cell proliferation was evaluated through Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to evaluate the apoptosis ratio. The migration and invasion abilities were measured using wound-healing and transwell assays. Results: Long noncoding RNA-steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells compared with that in corresponding normal tissues, whereas microRNA-208a expression was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Moreover, the restoration of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 inhibited cell proliferation, and upregulation of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 restrained cell migration and invasion but boosted the apoptosis rate in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 targeting microRNA-208a was involved in the progression of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, upregulating microRNA-208a exerted similar roles of silencing long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 in cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion, which were reversed by enhancing the expression of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1. Conclusions: In our study, long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 played an antitumor role in osteosarcoma as it reduced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, but facilitated cell apoptosis via sponging microRNA-208a, which could be regarded as a potential therapeutic target of osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Haitao Jiang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Haijun Li
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Li
- 2 Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Yu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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46
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Resistin enhances angiogenesis in osteosarcoma via the MAPK signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9767-9777. [PMID: 31719210 PMCID: PMC6874472 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, there have been no significant changes in patient outcomes in relation to the treatment of osteosarcoma, an aggressive malignant neoplasm. It is known that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and in osteosarcoma. Moreover, VEGF-A expression correlates with clinical stages of osteosarcoma. The adipokine resistin exhibits proinflammatory, proangiogenic and metastatic properties, and evidence suggests that resistin may serve as a prognostic biomarker linking obesity and inflammation to cancer. However, whether resistin has a role in osteosarcoma angiogenesis is unclear. This investigation shows that resistin promotes VEGF-A expression in human osteosarcoma cells and activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 signaling pathways, while ERK, JNK, and p38 inhibitors or their small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) inhibit resistin-induced VEGF-A expression as well as endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) migration and tube formation. We also found that resistin upregulates VEGF-A expression by enhancing activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Finally, resistin promotes angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Resistin appears to be a promising target for human osteosarcoma.
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47
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Abstract
For chondrosarcoma, metastasis to the thyroid gland is extremely rare. The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid metastasis from chondrosarcoma are discussed here.We found a case of thyroid malignancy occurring after treatment of chondrosarcoma. We reviewed patient characteristics, histological presentations on initial chondrosarcoma and thyroid metastasis, treatments, times of recurrence and death. In addition, we searched Embase, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science databases (1996-2018) for articles published in the English language using the key words "chondrosarcoma" and "thyroid" and we reviewed almost all the reports about thyroid metastasis from chondrosarcoma.Only 5 cases of chondrosarcoma metastases in the thyroid gland have been reported in the literature. We found that most patients are adults, with compression signs or pain, most of whom have poor prognoses. The main examinations are ultrasound, CT and fine needle aspiration biopsy, and primary treatment is surgery.These rare cases of chondrosarcoma presenting as a metastasis in the thyroid gland highlight the importance of close communication between radiologists, histopathologists, and clinicians to ensure that such exceptional cases are not missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Wu
- Oncology Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Jinhua
| | - Jin-Yao Dai
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Jia-Ni Shi
- Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Mei-Yu Fang
- Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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48
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Sapio L, Salzillo A, Illiano M, Ragone A, Spina A, Chiosi E, Pacifico S, Catauro M, Naviglio S. Chlorogenic acid activates ERK1/2 and inhibits proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3741-3752. [PMID: 31602671 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a very aggressive metastatic pediatric and adolescent tumor. Due to its recurrent development of chemotherapy resistance, clinical outcome for OS patients remains poor. Therefore, discovering more effective anticancer agents is needed. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a phenolic compound contained in plant-related products that modulates many cellular functions and inhibits cell proliferation in several cancer types. However, few evidence is available in OS. Here, we investigate the effects of CGA in U2OS, Saos-2, and MG-63 OS cells. By multiple approaches, we demonstrate that CGA acts as anticancer molecule affecting the cell cycle and provoking cell growth inhibition mainly by apoptosis induction. We also provide evidence that CGA strongly activates extracellular-signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2). Strikingly, ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 sensitizes the cells to CGA. Altogether, our data enforce the evidence of the anticancer activity mediated by CGA and provide the rationale for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in OS cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Sapio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Salzillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Illiano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Ragone
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Emilio Chiosi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Aversa, Italy
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Kopp LM, Malempati S, Krailo M, Gao Y, Buxton A, Weigel BJ, Hawthorne T, Crowley E, Moscow JA, Reid JM, Villalobos V, Randall RL, Gorlick R, Janeway KA. Phase II trial of the glycoprotein non-metastatic B-targeted antibody-drug conjugate, glembatumumab vedotin (CDX-011), in recurrent osteosarcoma AOST1521: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. Eur J Cancer 2019; 121:177-183. [PMID: 31586757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis is poor for children and adolescents with recurrent osteosarcoma (OS). Glycoprotein non-metastatic B (gpNMB) is a glycoprotein highly expressed in OS cells. We conducted a phase II study of glembatumumab vedotin (GV), a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody (CR011) against gpNMB conjugated to the microtubule inhibitor, monomethyl auristatin E. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients aged ≥12 years and <50 years with relapsed or refractory OS were eligible. GV 1.9 mg/kg/dose was administered on day 1 of each 21 day cycle. Pharmacokinetics were mandatory in patients aged <15 years. gpNMB expression was measured by immunohistochemistry. The primary end-point was disease control at 4 months and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours response. A 2-stage design was used to determine efficacy. RESULTS Twenty-two patients were enrolled, and all were evaluable for response. Antibody-drug conjugate levels were detectable in patients, although small numbers limit comparison to adult data. The toxicities observed were similar to the previous studies with GV. The most common grade III adverse event was rash. One death from end organ failure occurred possibly related to GV. Of the 22 patients, one patient had a partial response, and two had stable disease. There was no correlation between gpNMB expression and response to GV. CONCLUSIONS GV was well tolerated in this population. Although there was some antitumour activity, the extent of disease control in stage I did not meet the level required to proceed to stage II. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT02487979.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Kopp
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Suman Malempati
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mark Krailo
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yun Gao
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | | | - Brenda J Weigel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joel M Reid
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Richard Gorlick
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
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50
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Wang Z, Chen G, Chen X, Huang X, Liu M, Pan W, Yan X, Lin N, Ye Z. Predictors of the survival of patients with chondrosarcoma of bone and metastatic disease at diagnosis. J Cancer 2019; 10:2457-2463. [PMID: 31258751 PMCID: PMC6584356 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Chondrosarcoma with metastatic disease has a very poor prognosis. However, the prognosis and potential prognostic factors of patients with primary chondrosarcoma of bone and metastasis at presentation have not been documented because of its rarity. Therefore, we examined the prognosis of this special cohort and identify possible prognostic factors. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database was used to identify patients with primary chondrosarcoma of bone and metastatic disease at diagnosis from 2000 to 2013. The prognostic analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: The SEER database contained 264 cases. The overall survival (OS) and cancer-survival specific (CSS) rates of the entire group at 5 years were 28.4% and 31.2%, respectively. The median OS and CSS were 14.0 ± 2.5 and 17.0 ± 2.6 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that low tumor grade, surgical treatment, tumor size < 10 cm, and first primary tumor were associated with improved OS. Tumor grade, tumor size, and surgery were independent predictors of CSS. Radiation therapy had no effect on either OS or CSS. Conclusion: Among patients with primary chondrosarcoma of bone and metastasis at presentation, low tumor grade, surgical treatment, tumor size < 10 cm, and first primary tumor predict prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Genlian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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