1
|
Lei B, Liu LB, Stokes L, Giangrande PH, Miller FJ, Yazdani SK. Smooth muscle cell-targeted RNA ligand promotes accelerated reendothelialization in a swine peripheral injury model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102023. [PMID: 37727270 PMCID: PMC10506064 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The local delivery of antiproliferative agents to inhibit neointimal growth is not specific to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and delays reendothelialization and vascular healing. This investigation was intended to evaluate the effect of luminal delivery of a VSMC-specific aptamer on endothelial healing. The impact of an RNA aptamer (Apt 14) was first examined on the migration and proliferation of primary cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells (ECs) in response to in vitro scratch wound injury. We further evaluated the impact of Apt 14 on reendothelialization when delivered locally in a swine iliofemoral injury model. Although Apt 14 did not affect EC migration and proliferation, in vitro results confirmed that paclitaxel significantly inhibited EC migration and proliferation. En face scanning electron microscopy demonstrated confluent endothelium with elongated EC morphology in Apt 14-treated arteries 14 and 28 days post-treatment. In contrast, vessels treated with paclitaxel-coated balloons displayed a cobblestone morphology and significant platelet and fibrin attachment at cell junctions. These results provide the first evidence of the efficacy of a cell-targeted RNA aptamer to facilitate endothelial healing in a clinically relevant large animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Lei
- Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Linda B. Liu
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lauren Stokes
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Francis J. Miller
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Saami K. Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stratakos E, Antonini L, Poletti G, Berti F, Tzafriri AR, Petrini L, Pennati G. Investigating Balloon-Vessel Contact Pressure Patterns in Angioplasty: In Silico Insights for Drug-Coated Balloons. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:2908-2922. [PMID: 37751027 PMCID: PMC10632265 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Drug-Coated Balloons have shown promising results as a minimally invasive approach to treat stenotic arteries, but recent animal studies have revealed limited, non-uniform coating transfer onto the arterial lumen. In vitro data suggested that local coating transfer tracks the local Contact Pressure (CP) between the balloon and the endothelium. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate in silico how different interventional and device parameters may affect the spatial distribution of CP during the inflation of an angioplasty balloon within idealized vessels that resemble healthy femoral arteries in size and compliance. An angioplasty balloon computational model was developed, considering longitudinal non-uniform wall thickness, due to its forming process, and the folding procedure of the balloon. To identify the conditions leading to non-uniform CP, sensitivity finite element analyses were performed comparing different values for balloon working length, longitudinally varying wall thickness, friction coefficient on the balloon-vessel interface, vessel wall stiffness and thickness, and balloon-to-vessel diameter ratio. Findings indicate a significant irregularity of contact between the balloon and the vessel, mainly affected by the balloon's unfolding and longitudinal thickness variation. Mirroring published data on coating transfer distribution in animal studies, the interfacial CP distribution was maximal at the middle of the balloon treatment site, while exhibiting a circumferential pattern of linear peaks as a consequence of the particular balloon-vessel interaction during unfolding. A high ratio of balloon-to-vessel diameter, higher vessel stiffness, and thickness was found to increase significantly the amplitude and spatial distribution of the CP, while a higher friction coefficient at the balloon-to-vessel interface further exacerbated the non-uniformity of CP. Evaluation of balloon design effects revealed that the thicker tapered part caused CP reduction in the areas that interacted with the extremities of the balloon, whereas total length only weakly impacted the CP. Taken together, this study offers a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the irregularity of balloon-tissue contact, a key step toward uniformity in drug-coating transfer and potential clinical effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Stratakos
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Antonini
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Poletti
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Berti
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenza Petrini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Pennati
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tscheuschner L, Tzafriri AR. Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Models for Atherosclerosis Treatment Development. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1373. [PMID: 38135964 PMCID: PMC10740643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early years of tissue engineering, scientists focused on the generation of healthy-like tissues and organs to replace diseased tissue areas with the aim of filling the gap between organ demands and actual organ donations. Over time, the realization has set in that there is an additional large unmet need for suitable disease models to study their progression and to test and refine different treatment approaches. Increasingly, researchers have turned to tissue engineering to address this need for controllable translational disease models. We review existing and potential uses of tissue-engineered disease models in cardiovascular research and suggest guidelines for generating adequate disease models, aimed both at studying disease progression mechanisms and supporting the development of dedicated drug-delivery therapies. This involves the discussion of different requirements for disease models to test drugs, nanoparticles, and drug-eluting devices. In addition to realistic cellular composition, the different mechanical and structural properties that are needed to simulate pathological reality are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Tscheuschner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Abraham R. Tzafriri
- Department of Research and Innovation, CBSET Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ashna M, Senthilkumar N, Sanpui P. Human Hair Keratin-Based Hydrogels in Regenerative Medicine: Current Status and Future Directions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5527-5547. [PMID: 37734053 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine (RM) is a multidisciplinary field that utilizes the inherent regenerative potential of human cells to generate functionally and physiologically acceptable human cells, tissues, and organs in vivo or ex vivo. An appropriate biomaterial scaffold with desired physicochemical properties constitutes an important component of a successful RM approach. Among various forms of biomaterials explored until the present day, hydrogels have emerged as a versatile candidate for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) applications such as scaffolds for spatial patterning and delivering therapeutic agents, or substrates to enhance cell growth, differentiation, and migration. Although hydrogels can be prepared from a variety of synthetic polymers as well as biopolymers, the latter are preferred for their inherent biocompatibility. Specifically, keratins are fibrous proteins that have been recently explored for constructing hydrogels useful for RM purposes. The present review discusses the suitability of keratin-based biomaterials in RM, with a particular focus on human hair keratin hydrogels and their use in various RM applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mymuna Ashna
- Department of Biotechnology, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neeharika Senthilkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pallab Sanpui
- Department of Biotechnology, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shazly T, Torres WM, Secemsky EA, Chitalia VC, Jaffer FA, Kolachalama VB. Understudied factors in drug-coated balloon design and evaluation: A biophysical perspective. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10370. [PMID: 36684110 PMCID: PMC9842065 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-coated balloon (DCB) percutaneous interventional therapy allows for durable reopening of the narrowed lumen via physical tissue expansion and local anti-restenosis drug delivery, providing an alternative to traditional uncoated balloons or a permanent indwelling implant such as a conventional metallic drug-eluting stent. While DCB-based treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been incorporated into clinical guidelines, DCB use has been recently curtailed due to reports that showed evidence of increased mortality risk in patients treated with paclitaxel (PTX)-coated balloons. Given the United States Food and Drug Administration's 2019 consequent warning regarding PTX-eluting DCBs and the subsequent marked reduction in clinical DCB use, there is now a critical need to better understand the compositional and mechanical factors underlying DCB efficacy and safety. Most work to date on DCB refinement has focused on designing both the enabling balloon catheter and alternate coatings composed of various drugs and excipients, followed by device evaluation in preclinical and clinical studies. We contend that improvement in DCB performance will require a better understanding of the biophysical factors operative during and following balloon deployment, and moreover that the elaboration and demonstrated control of these factors are needed to address current concerns with DCB use. This article provides a perspective on the biophysical interactions that govern DCB performance and offers new design strategies for the development of next-generation DCB devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Shazly
- College of Engineering & Computing University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA
| | - William M Torres
- College of Engineering & Computing University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina USA
- Exponent Inc. Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Eric A Secemsky
- Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Vipul C Chitalia
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Vijaya B Kolachalama
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Computer Science and Faculty of Computing & Data Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li X, Qi H, Cui W, Wang Z, Fu X, Li T, Ma H, Yang Y, Yu T. Recent advances in targeted delivery of non-coding RNA-based therapeutics for atherosclerosis. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3118-3132. [PMID: 35918894 PMCID: PMC9552813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has overtaken infectious illnesses as the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. The pathology that underpins CVD is atherosclerosis, characterized by chronic inflammation caused by the accumulation of plaques in the arteries. As our knowledge about the microenvironment of blood vessel walls deepens, there is an opportunity to fine-tune treatments to target the mechanisms driving atherosclerosis more directly. The application of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as biomarkers or intervention targets is increasing. Although these ncRNAs play an important role in driving atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction, the cellular and extracellular environments pose a challenge for targeted transmission and therapeutic regulation of ncRNAs. Specificity, delivery, and tolerance have hampered the clinical translation of ncRNA-based therapeutics. Nanomedicine is an emerging field that uses nanotechnology for targeted drug delivery and advanced imaging. Recently, nanoscale carriers have shown promising results and have introduced new possibilities for nucleic acid targeted drug delivery, particularly for atherosclerosis. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in nanoparticles to aid ncRNA-based drug development, particularly miRNA, and we analyze the current challenges in ncRNA targeted delivery. In particular, we highlight the emergence of various kinds of nanotherapeutic approaches based on ncRNAs, which can improve treatment options for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Li
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhao Qi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, No. 126 Taian Road, Rizhao 276827, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tianxiang Li
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibo Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Yu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yazdani SK, Lei B, Cawthon CV, Cooper K, Huett C, Giangrande PH, Miller FJ. Local intraluminal delivery of a smooth muscle-targeted RNA ligand inhibits neointima growth in a porcine model of peripheral vascular disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:577-583. [PMID: 36090749 PMCID: PMC9403884 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anti-proliferative agents have been the primary therapeutic drug of choice to inhibit restenosis after endovascular treatment. However, recent safety and efficacy concerns for patients who underwent peripheral artery disease revascularization have demonstrated the need for alternative therapeutics. The aim of this investigation was to investigate the efficacy of a cell-specific RNA aptamer inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. First, the impact of the RNA aptamer (Apt 14) on the wound healing of primary cultured porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was examined in response to a scratch wound injury. We then evaluated the effect of local luminal delivery of Apt 14 on neointimal formation in a clinically relevant swine iliofemoral injury model. In contrast with a non-selected control aptamer (NSC) that had no impact on VSMC migration, Apt 14 attenuated the wound healing of primary cultured porcine VSMCs to platelet-derived growth factor-BB. Histological analysis of the Apt 14-treated arteries demonstrated a significant reduction in neointimal area percent diameter stenosis compared with arteries treated with saline and NSC controls. The findings of this study suggest that aptamers can function as selective inhibitors and thus provide more fine-tuning to inhibit selective pathways responsible for neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Z, Ekanem EE, Nakajima M, Bolognesi G, Vladisavljević GT. Monodispersed Sirolimus-Loaded PLGA Microspheres with a Controlled Degree of Drug–Polymer Phase Separation for Drug-Coated Implantable Medical Devices and Subcutaneous Injection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3766-3777. [PMID: 35848106 PMCID: PMC9382632 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Monodispersed sirolimus (SRL)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres with a diameter of 1.8, 3.8,
and 8.5
μm were produced by high-throughput microfluidic step emulsification—solvent
evaporation using single crystal silicon chips consisted of 540–1710
terraced microchannels with a depth of 2, 4, or 5 μm arranged
in 10 parallel arrays. Uniform sized droplets were generated over
25 h across all channels. Nearly 15% of the total drug was released
by the initial burst release during an accelerated drug release testing
performed at 37 °C using a hydrotropic solution containing 5.8
M N,N-diethylnicotinamide. After
24 h, 71% of the drug was still entrapped in the particles. The internal
morphology of microspheres was investigated by fluorescence microscopy
using Nile red as a selective fluorescent stain with higher binding
affinity toward SRL. By increasing the drug loading from 33 to 50
wt %, the particle morphology evolved from homogeneous microspheres,
in which the drug and polymer were perfectly mixed, to patchy particles,
with amorphous drug patches embedded within a polymer matrix to anisotropic
patchy Janus particles. Janus particles with fully segregated drug
and polymer regions were achieved by pre-saturating the aqueous phase
with the organic solvent, which decreased the rate of solvent evaporation
and allowed enough time for complete phase separation. This approach
to manufacturing drug-loaded monodisperse microparticles can enable
the development of more effective implantable drug-delivery devices
and improved methods for subcutaneous drug administration, which can
lead to better therapeutic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Ekanem E. Ekanem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakajima
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Guido Bolognesi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Characterization of a Human Platelet Lysate-Loaded Keratin Hydrogel for Wound Healing Applications In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084100. [PMID: 35456921 PMCID: PMC9031577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the promising approaches to facilitate healing and regenerative capacity includes the application of growth-factor-loaded biomaterials. Human platelet lysate (hPL) derived from platelet-rich plasma through a freeze-thaw process has been used as a growth factor rich therapeutic in many regenerative applications. To provide sustained local delivery of the hPL-derived growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), the hPL can be loaded into biomaterials that do not degrade rapidly in vivo. Keratin (KSO), a strong filamentous protein found in human hair, when formulated as a hydrogel, is shown to sustain the release of drugs and promote wound healing. In the current study, we created a KSO biomaterial that spontaneously forms a hydrogel when rehydrated with hPL that is capable of controlled and sustained release of pro-regenerative molecules. Our study demonstrates that the release of hPL is controlled by changing the KSO hydrogel and hPL-loading concentrations, with hPL loading concentrations having a greater effect in changing release profiles. In addition, the 15% KSO concentration proved to form a stable hydrogel, and supported cell proliferation over 3 days without cytotoxic effects in vitro. The hPL-loaded keratin hydrogels show promise in potential applications for wound healing with the sustained release of pro-regenerative growth factors with easy tailoring of hydrogel properties.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cooper K, Cawthon CV, Goel E, Atigh M, Christians U, Yazdani SK. The Development of an ex vivo Flow System to Assess Acute Arterial Drug Retention of Cardiovascular Intravascular Devices. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:675188. [PMID: 35047927 PMCID: PMC8757813 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.675188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study was to develop an ex vivo system capable of rapidly evaluating arterial drug levels in living, isolated porcine carotid arteries. Methods: A vascular bioreactor system was developed that housed a native porcine carotid artery under physiological flow conditions. The ex vivo bioreactor system was designed to quantify the acute drug transfer of catheter-based drug delivery devices into explanted carotid arteries. To evaluate our ex vivo system, a paclitaxel-coated balloon and a perfusion catheter device delivering liquid paclitaxel were utilized. At 1-h post-drug delivery, arteries were removed, and paclitaxel drug levels measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Parallel experiments were performed in a pig model to validate ex vivo measurements. Results: LC-MS/MS analysis demonstrated arterial paclitaxel levels of the drug-coated balloon-treated arteries to be 48.49 ± 24.09 ng/mg and the perfusion catheter-treated arteries to be 25.42 ± 9.74 ng/mg at 1 h in the ex vivo system. Similar results were measured in vivo, as arterial paclitaxel concentrations were measured at 59.23 ± 41.27 ng/mg for the drug-coated balloon-treated arteries and 23.43 ± 20.23 ng/mg for the perfusion catheter-treated arteries. Overall, no significant differences were observed between paclitaxel measurements of arteries treated ex vivo vs. in vivo. Conclusion: This system represents the first validated ex vivo pulsatile system to determine pharmacokinetics in a native blood vessel. This work provides proof-of-concept of a quick, inexpensive, preclinical tool to study acute drug tissue concentration kinetics of drug-releasing interventional vascular devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Cooper
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Claire V Cawthon
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Emily Goel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Marzieh Atigh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Saami K Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Villar-Matamoros E, Stokes L, Lloret A, Todd M, Tillman BW, Yazdani SK. Understanding the Mechanism of Drug Transfer and Retention of Drug-Coated Balloons. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2022; 27:10742484221119559. [PMID: 35972237 PMCID: PMC9549471 DOI: 10.1177/10742484221119559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of varying inflation parameters on paclitaxel delivery and retention using a commercially available DCB. Background: Drug-coated balloons (DCB) have become the standard treatment for peripheral artery disease. Clinical data suggest that varying DCB delivery parameters directly impact patient outcome. Differences in delivery parameters can potentially alter the retention of the drug coating on DCBs. Methods: Harvested porcine carotid arteries were utilized in an ex vivo pulsatile flow bioreactor system. The DCBs were then deployed at a DCB-to-artery ratio of 1:1 or 1.25:1, an inflation time of 30 seconds or 1 minute and transit time of 30 seconds or 3 minutes. The amount of drug retention in arterial tissue was evaluated by pharmacokinetic analysis at 1 hour and 1 day post DCB deployment. Results: Arterial paclitaxel levels were found to be less at an inflation ratio of 1:1 with 3-minute transit time as compared to 30 seconds of transit time at 1 hour (12.3 ± 1.6 ng/mg vs. 391 ± 139 ng/mg, P = .036). At 1-day, DCBs deployed at a ratio of 1:1 resulted in less drug retention as compared to 1.25:1 (61.3 ± 23.1 ng/mg vs. 404 ± 195 ng/mg, P = .013). Conclusion: Arterial paclitaxel retention is reduced with extended transit times and sub-optimal expansion of the balloon. Optimization of delivery parameters can serve as an effective strategy to enhance clinical DCB outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Stokes
- Department of Engineering, 8676Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alyssa Lloret
- Department of Engineering, 8676Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Meagan Todd
- Department of Engineering, 8676Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bryan W Tillman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, 2647Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Saami K Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, 8676Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Atigh MK, Goel E, Erwin M, Greer R, Ohayon J, Pettigrew RI, Yazdani SK. Precision delivery of liquid therapy into the arterial wall for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18676. [PMID: 34548563 PMCID: PMC8455692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfusion catheters have recently emerged as a novel approach to deliver liquid anti-proliferative agents into flow obstructed arterial segments. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of luminal delivery pressure on liquid drug penetration into the vessel wall. An ex vivo model using harvested porcine carotid arteries and a two-dimensional computational model were utilized to determine the impact of delivery pressure of liquid therapy into the arterial wall. A pig peripheral injury model determined the impact of intra-luminal delivery pressure on drug retention. Ex vivo results demonstrated that depth of fluid penetration varies from 6.93 ± 1.90% at 0 atm to 27.75 ± 6.61% penetration of the medial layer at 0.4 atm. Computational results had similar outcomes, as penetration varied between 4.4% and 22.84%. The in vivo results demonstrated significant increase in drug delivery to the arterial tissue at 0.4 atm versus 0.1 atm at 1 h (23.43 ± 13.59 ng/mg vs. 2.49 ± 1.81 ng/mg, p = 0.026) and 7 days (0.50 ± 0.39 ng/mg vs. 0.018 ± 0.023 ng/mg, p = 0.0496). The result of this study provides an innovative strategic and technical approach to enable targeted liquid therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh K Atigh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Emily Goel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Megan Erwin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Ricky Greer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Jacques Ohayon
- Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Polytech Annecy-Chambéry, Le Bourget du Lac, France.,Laboratory TIMC-IMAG, CNRS, UMR 5525, Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Roderic I Pettigrew
- Texas A&M University and Houston Methodist Hospital, Engineering Medicine (EnMed), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Saami K Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang P, Gui L, Wang Y, Wang S. In vitro evaluation of nanoparticle drug-coated balloons: a pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel solution. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDrug-coated balloons have proved to be an effective technology in percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in treating peripheral artery disease. Paclitaxel-based coating is mainly used. Solutions to such problems as drug loss and inefficient drug release during operations, however, have not been found yet. This study aims to explore the activity of a newly designed paclitaxel-coated balloon in vitro using pectin as the excipient (pectin-paclitaxel) compared with the commercially available shellac excipient balloon, and to characterize the novel nanoparticle paclitaxel-coated balloon with peptide (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser, RGDS) derivative RGDS-OC8H17 (pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel). Two coating solutions, pectin-paclitaxel and pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel, were successively designed and prepared. The morphology of both coating solutions was first characterized compared with the control group, the commercially available paclitaxel-coated balloon. Then the in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the drug-releasing profiles of both pectin-paclitaxel and pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel coatings. The pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel-coated balloon was smoother and more homogeneous compared with the commercially available paclitaxel-coated balloon and the pectin-paclitaxel-coated balloon. This difference was more obvious when paclitaxel was at low concentration. During the in vitro trial, the drug-releasing curve of the pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel model showed an adjustable paclitaxel-releasing: more than 90% of the paclitaxel released in 2 h at 300 rpm and more than 99% released in 10 min at 1200 rpm. Compared to the performance of the current commercially available shellac excipient products and the pectin-paclitaxel coating, pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel coating provided higher drug-releasing speed. However, the clinical outcomes of this finding need to be further demonstrated. Paclitaxel-coated balloons as an effective therapeutic strategy currently in treating peripheral arterial disease need to be further improved in terms of its efficiency in anti-proliferative drug delivery and release. The pectin-RGDS-OC8H17-paclitaxel coating solution developed in this study exhibited excellent drug-releasing properties. Further experiments are still needed to demonstrate the performance of this novel drug-coated balloon in vivo and its clinical importance.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cawthon CV, Cooper K, Huett C, Lloret A, Villar-Matamoros E, Stokes L, Christians U, Schuler M, Yazdani SK. Pre-Clinical Investigation of Liquid Paclitaxel for Local Drug Delivery: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120434. [PMID: 33260517 PMCID: PMC7760562 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of a perfusion catheter to deliver liquid paclitaxel into arterial segments. A clinically relevant rabbit ilio-femoral injury model was utilized to determine the impact of liquid paclitaxel delivered locally into the vessel wall using a perfusion catheter at 1 h to 14 days. Treatment by two clinically available forms of liquid paclitaxel, a solvent-based (sb) versus an albumin-bound (nab), along with a control (uncoated balloons), were investigated. Pharmacokinetic results demonstrated an increase in the retention of the sb-paclitaxel versus the nab-paclitaxel at 1 h; however, no other differences were observed at days one, three, and seven. Histological findings at 14 days showed significantly less neointimal area in the sb-paclitaxel treated arteries as compared with the nab-paclitaxel and the uncoated balloon-treated arteries. Additionally, percent area stenosis was significantly less in the sb-paclitaxel group. These results support the concept of local liquid delivery of paclitaxel into the arterial segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Cawthon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Kathryn Cooper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Clifton Huett
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Alyssa Lloret
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | | | - Lauren Stokes
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michele Schuler
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Saami K Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rykowska I, Nowak I, Nowak R. Drug-Eluting Stents and Balloons-Materials, Structure Designs, and Coating Techniques: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E4624. [PMID: 33050663 PMCID: PMC7594099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery is a matter of interest to numerous scientists from various domains, as well as an essential issue for society as a whole. In the treatment of many diseases, it is crucial to control the dosing of a drug for a long time and thus maintain its optimal concentration in the tissue. Heart diseases are particularly important in this aspect. One such disease is an obstructive arterial disease affecting millions of people around the world. In recent years, stents and balloon catheters have reached a significant position in the treatment of this condition. Balloon catheters are also successfully used to manage tear ducts, paranasal sinuses, or salivary glands disorders. Modern technology is continually striving to improve the results of previous generations of stents and balloon catheters by refining their design, structure, and constituent materials. These advances result in the development of both successive models of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-eluting balloons (DEB). This paper presents milestones in the development of DES and DEB, which are a significant option in the treatment of coronary artery diseases. This report reviews the works related to achievements in construction designs and materials, as well as preparation technologies, of DES and DEB. Special attention was paid to the polymeric biodegradable materials used in the production of the above-mentioned devices. Information was also collected on the various methods of producing drug release coatings and their effectiveness in releasing the active substance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Rykowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - I. Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - R. Nowak
- Eye Department, J. Strus City Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznań, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Goel E, Erwin M, Cawthon CV, Schaff C, Fedor N, Rayl T, Wilson O, Christians U, Register TC, Geary RL, Saul J, Yazdani SK. Pre-Clinical Investigation of Keratose as an Excipient of Drug Coated Balloons. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071596. [PMID: 32244375 PMCID: PMC7180741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-coated balloons (DCBs), which deliver anti-proliferative drugs with the aid of excipients, have emerged as a new endovascular therapy for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease. In this study, we evaluated the use of keratose (KOS) as a novel DCB-coating excipient to deliver and retain paclitaxel. METHODS A custom coating method was developed to deposit KOS and paclitaxel on uncoated angioplasty balloons. The retention of the KOS-paclitaxel coating, in comparison to a commercially available DCB, was evaluated using a novel vascular-motion simulating ex vivo flow model at 1 h and 3 days. Additionally, the locoregional biological response of the KOS-paclitaxel coating was evaluated in a rabbit ilio-femoral injury model at 14 days. RESULTS The KOS coating exhibited greater retention of the paclitaxel at 3 days under pulsatile conditions with vascular motion as compared to the commercially available DCB (14.89 ± 4.12 ng/mg vs. 0.60 ± 0.26 ng/mg, p = 0.018). Histological analysis of the KOS-paclitaxel-treated arteries demonstrated a significant reduction in neointimal thickness as compared to the uncoated balloons, KOS-only balloon and paclitaxel-only balloon. CONCLUSIONS The ability to enhance drug delivery and retention in targeted arterial segments can ultimately improve clinical peripheral endovascular outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Goel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Megan Erwin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Claire V. Cawthon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Carson Schaff
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Nathaniel Fedor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Trevor Rayl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Onree Wilson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (E.G.); (M.E.); (C.V.C.); (C.S.); (N.F.); (T.R.); (O.W.)
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado; Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Randolph L. Geary
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Justin Saul
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA;
| | - Saami K. Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-336-702-1968
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo Y, Xie L, Liu HM, Liu B. [Effect of low-concentration paclitaxel on collagen deposition outside rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and related mechanism]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:924-929. [PMID: 31506155 PMCID: PMC7390237 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of low-concentration paclitaxel (PTX) on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced collagen deposition outside rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and related mechanism. METHODS Primary rat PASMCs were divided into a blank control group (n=3), a model group (n=3), and a drug intervention group (n=3). No treatment was given for the blank control group. The model group was treated with TGF-β1 with a final concentration of 10 ng/mL. The drug intervention group was treated with PTX with a final concentration of 100 nmol/L in addition to the treatment in the model group. MTT colorimetry was used to measure cell proliferation. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the relative mRNA expression of collagen type I (COL-I) and collagen type III (COL-III). ELISA was used to measure the OD value of COL-I and COL-III proteins. Western blot was used to measure the relative protein expression of COL-I, COL-III, and the key proteins of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway (Smad3 and p-Smad3). RESULTS Compared with the blank control group, the model group had significant increases in proliferation ability, relative mRNA and protein expression of COL-I and COL-III, and relative protein expression of p-Smad3 (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the drug intervention group had significant reductions in the above indicators, but which were still higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relative protein expression of Smad3 among the three groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low-concentration PTX exerts a marked inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-induced collagen deposition outside PASMCs, possibly by regulating the phosphorylation of Smad3 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo Y, Xie L, Liu HM, Liu B. [Effect of low-concentration paclitaxel on collagen deposition outside rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and related mechanism]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:924-929. [PMID: 31506155 PMCID: PMC7390237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 08/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of low-concentration paclitaxel (PTX) on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced collagen deposition outside rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and related mechanism. METHODS Primary rat PASMCs were divided into a blank control group (n=3), a model group (n=3), and a drug intervention group (n=3). No treatment was given for the blank control group. The model group was treated with TGF-β1 with a final concentration of 10 ng/mL. The drug intervention group was treated with PTX with a final concentration of 100 nmol/L in addition to the treatment in the model group. MTT colorimetry was used to measure cell proliferation. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the relative mRNA expression of collagen type I (COL-I) and collagen type III (COL-III). ELISA was used to measure the OD value of COL-I and COL-III proteins. Western blot was used to measure the relative protein expression of COL-I, COL-III, and the key proteins of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway (Smad3 and p-Smad3). RESULTS Compared with the blank control group, the model group had significant increases in proliferation ability, relative mRNA and protein expression of COL-I and COL-III, and relative protein expression of p-Smad3 (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the drug intervention group had significant reductions in the above indicators, but which were still higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relative protein expression of Smad3 among the three groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low-concentration PTX exerts a marked inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-induced collagen deposition outside PASMCs, possibly by regulating the phosphorylation of Smad3 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|