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Yao Y, Chen Y, Chen H, Pan X, Li X, Liu W, Bahetjan Y, Lu B, Pang K, Yang X, Pang Z. Black mulberry extract inhibits hepatic adipogenesis through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in T2DM mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117216. [PMID: 37741475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is an ancient dual-use plant resource for medicine and food. It is widely used in Uyghur folklore for hypoglycemic treatment and is a folkloric plant medicine with regional characteristics. However, the mechanism of Morus nigra L. treatment in diabetes mellitus has not been fully understood, especially from the perspective of hepatic lipid accumulation is less reported. OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY This study was to explore the potential of Morus nigra L. fruit ethyl acetate extract (MNF-EA) to reduce blood sugar levels by preventing the production of hepatic lipogenesis and to provide more evidence for the use of MNF-EA as an adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the chemical composition of MNF-EA was first analyzed and characterized using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique. A series of in vitro studies were performed with HepG2-IR cells and oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cells, including MTT assay, glucose uptake assay, oil red O staining and Western blot analysis. The STZ-HFD co-induced T2DM mice were employed for in vivo research, including physical indices, biochemical analysis, histopathological examination, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS The 19 compounds in MNF-EA were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique. Insulin resistance (IR) and lipid droplet accumulation in HepG2 cells were greatly improved by MNF-EA treatment, which had no appreciable side effects at the dosage used. In T2DM mice, MNF-EA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG), saved body weight, and significantly improved oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and IR status. In addition, MNF-EA treatment also improved lipid metabolism disorders and liver function in T2DM mice. Histopathological sections showed that MNF-EA treatment reduced hepatic steatosis. Mechanistic studies suggest that MNF-EA acted through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MNF-EA has great potential to reverse the metabolic abnormalities associated with T2DM by regulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, we believe that MNF is a promising medicinal and food-homologous agent to improve T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huijian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yerlan Bahetjan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Binan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kejian Pang
- College of Biological and Geographical Sciences, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Zongran Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Liang X, Deng S, Huang Y, Pan L, Chang Y, Hou P, Ren C, Xu W, Yang R, Li K, Li J, He R. Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus and Their Glucose Uptake Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083294. [PMID: 37110527 PMCID: PMC10145478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Four new dammarane triterpenoid saponins cypaliurusides Z1-Z4 (1-4) and eight known analogs (5-12) were isolated from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined using a comprehensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. The docking study demonstrated that compound 10 strongly bonded with PTP1B (a potential drug target for the treatment of type-II diabetes and obesity), hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions, verifying the importance of sugar unit. The effects of the isolates on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were evaluated and three dammarane triterpenoid saponins (6, 7 and 10) were found to enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, and 10 exhibited potent abilities to promote insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the abundant dammarane triterpenoid saponins from C. paliurus leaves exhibited stimulatory effects on glucose uptake with application potential as a antidiabetic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shengping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Liwei Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yanling Chang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ping Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chenyang Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ruiyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Kanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ruijie He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
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Liu Y, Zhang XX, Xu SS, Fang SY, Zhu LP, Song Z, Shang XL, Fang SZ, Pan K, Cao XL, Yin ZQ. New triterpenoids from the Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja and their anti-fibrotic activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113434. [PMID: 36169036 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus, a Chinese herbal medicine and new food resource, contains a triterpenic-acid-rich extract that demonstrated ameliorative effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN). A more in-depth discovery of functional components led to the isolation of seven new triterpenoids including two pentacyclic triterpenes, 1α,2α,3β,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid and 2α,3β,22α-tirhydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and five tetracyclic triterpenoid glycosides (cypaliurusides N-R), together with twelve known compounds from the leaves of C. paliurus. Their structures were determined using a comprehensive analysis of chemical and spectroscopic data. Partial compounds were assessed for anti-fibrotic activities in high-glucose and TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells. Compound 16 remarkably decreased the level of fibronectin with an inhibition rate of 37.1%. Furthermore, 16 effectively alleviated the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) process by upregulating E-cadherin expression and downregulating α-SMA expression, and it significantly decreased the level of the transcriptional inhibitors (Snail and Twist) of E-cadherin. The discovery of anti-fibrotic compounds from C. paliurus provides the potential utilization and functional candidates for the DN prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Su-Su Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Si-Yang Fang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Zhu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Zhe Song
- Instrumental Analysis Center of CPU, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xu-Lan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Sheng-Zuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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Cao J, Zheng R, Chang X, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Gao M, Yin Z, Jiang C, Zhang J. Cyclocarya paliurus triterpenoids suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis via AMPK-mediated cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154175. [PMID: 35609386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal enhancement of hepatic gluconeogenesis is a vital mechanism of the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); thus, its suppression may present an efficient therapeutic strategy for T2DM. Cyclocarya paliurus (CP), a plant species native to China, has been reported to have anti-hyperglycemia activity. Our previous studies have revealed that Cyclocarya paliurus triterpenic acids (CPT) exert the favorable glucose-lowering activity, but the regulatory effect of CPT on hepatic gluconeogenesis is still unclarified. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the potential role and mechanism of CPT in gluconeogenesis. STUDY DESIGN In this study, the ameliorative effect and underlying mechanism of CPT on gluconeogenesis were investigated: high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM mice and glucagon-challenged mouse primary hepatocytes. METHODS T2DM model mice with or without oral administration of CPT for 4 weeks were monitored for body weight, glucose and lipid metabolism. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe liver lipid deposition. Real-time PCR assays were performed to examine the mRNA expression of glucose-6-phosphate (G6Pase), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), two key enzymes involved in liver gluconeogenesis. Western blotting was used to determine AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) expression and induction of the glucagon signaling pathway. The possible mechanism of CPT on liver gluconeogenesis was further explored in glucagon-induced mouse primary hepatocytes. RESULTS In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that CPT treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and improved insulin resistance. Furthermore, CPT could obviously decreased the mRNA and protein expression of G6Pase and PEPCK, the cyclic AMP content, the phosphorylation level of protein kinase A and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein. But CPT promoted the phosphorylation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and activation of phosphodiesterase 4B. Mechanistically, intervention with Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) partially blocked the suppressive effect of CPT on hepatic gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that CPT may inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis against T2DM by activating AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Rendong Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of TCM & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
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Zhao J, Wang Z, Xu D, Sun X. Advances on Cyclocarya paliurus polyphenols: Extraction, structures, bioactivities and future perspectives. Food Chem 2022; 396:133667. [PMID: 35853374 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocaryapaliurus (C. paliurus) is an edible and medicinal plant, distributed in southern China. As a kind of new food raw material, the leaves of C. paliurus are processed as tea products in daily life. C. paliurus is recognized as a good source to polyphenols, showing excellent bioactivities, which has attracted more and more attention. Polyphenols are important functional bioactive components in C. paliurus. C. paliurus polyphenols perform nutritional functions in anti-diabetes, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, and other activities. In this review, we summarize the research progress of extraction technologies, structural characteristics, and bioactivities of C. paliurus polyphenols. Other potential functions of C. paliurus polyphenols are prospected. This review provides a reference for further research and applications of C. paliurus polyphenols in a field of functional food and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangtie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Deping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Qiu M, Peng J, Deng H, Chang Y, Hu D, Pan W, Wu H, Xiao H. The Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus: A Functional Tea with Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Type 2 Diabetes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1447-1473. [PMID: 35770726 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a universal and chronic global public health concern and causes multiple complex complications. In order to meet the rapidly growing demand for T2DM treatment, increased research has been focused on hypoglycemic drugs. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk is the only living species of the genus Cyclocarya Iljinskaja, whose leaves have been extensively used as a functional tea to treat obesity and diabetes in China. An enormous amount of very recent pharmacological research on the leaves of C. paliurus has demonstrated that they carry out numerous biological activities, such as hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal microbiota regulation. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that the extracts of C. paliurus leaves are innocuous and safe. This study aims to provide an up-to-date review of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects against diabetes, toxicology, and clinical studies of C. paliurus leaves, in hopes of promoting a better understanding of their role in the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Die Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P. R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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Yang R, Xu S, Zhang X, Zheng X, Liu Y, Jiang C, Liu J, Shang X, Fang S, Zhang J, Yin Z, Pan K. Cyclocarya paliurus triterpenoids attenuate glomerular endothelial injury in the diabetic rats via ROCK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115127. [PMID: 35219820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja. (C. paliurus) is a distinctive traditional Chinese herb, with remarkable hypoglycemic capacity. Emerging evidence suggested that glomerular endothelial injury is a crucial pathological process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our previous research found that C. paliurus triterpenoids fraction (CPT) has ameliorative effects on DKD. However, whether C. paliurus could counteract the glomerular endothelial injury of DKD is still undefined. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the effects of CPT on glomerular endothelial function and explore its underlying mechanisms with in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects and possible mechanisms of CPT on glomerular endothelial injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and H2O2-challenged primary rat glomerular endothelial cells were successively investigated. RESULTS In vivo, we found that CPT treatment obviously decreased the levels of blood glucose, microalbumin, BUN and mesangial expansion. Additionally, CPT could ameliorate renal endothelium function by reducing the content of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and blocking the loss of glycocalyx. In vitro, CPT could also alleviate H2O2-induced endothelial injury. Mechanistically, CPT remarkably increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt and eNOS, decreased the expression of ROCK and Arg2in vivo and in vitro. Noticeably, the favorable effects mediated by CPT were abolished following ROCK overexpression with plasmid transfection. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that CPT could be sufficient to protect against glomerular endothelial injury in DKD through regulating ROCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Susu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xian Zheng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Jianjing Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xulan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shengzuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Sun Y, Ho CT, Liu Y, Zhan S, Wu Z, Zheng X, Zhang X. The Modulatory Effect of Cyclocarya paliurus Flavonoids on Intestinal Microbiota and Hypothalamus Clock Genes in a Circadian Rhythm Disorder Mouse Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112308. [PMID: 35684108 PMCID: PMC9182649 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disruption is detrimental and results in adverse health consequences. We used a multi-omics profiling approach to investigate the effects of Cyclocarya paliurus flavonoid (CPF)-enriched diets on gut microbiota, metabolites, and hypothalamus clock genes in mice with induced circadian rhythm disruption. It was observed that CPF supplementation altered the specific composition and function of gut microbiota and metabolites induced by circadian rhythm disruption. Analysis showed that the abundance of Akkermansia increased, while the abundance of Clostridiales and Ruminiclostridium displayed a significant downward trend after the CPF intervention. Correlation analysis also revealed that these gut microbes had certain correlations with the metabolites, suggesting that CPFs help the intestinal microbiota to repair the intestinal environment and modulate the release of some beneficial metabolites. Notably, single-cell RNA-seq revealed that CPF supplementation significantly regulated the expression of genes associated with circadian rhythm, myelination, and neurodegenerative diseases. Altogether, these findings highlight that CPFs may represent a promising dietary therapeutic strategy for treating circadian rhythm disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Correspondence: (C.-T.H.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shennan Zhan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China
- Correspondence: (C.-T.H.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (C.-T.H.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
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Zhao J, Wang Z, Xu D, Sun X. Identification of antidiabetic components from Cyclocarya paliurus. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Zou W, Zhang C, Gu X, Li X, Zhu H. Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:2565-2576. [PMID: 34168429 PMCID: PMC8218939 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s307257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. However, no effective drug therapies have been approved to treat this disease. The present research aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the combination of oral hypoglycemic drug metformin (MET) and a natural product malvidin (MAL) on hepatic damage in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), diabetic control group (DC), DC+MET group, DC+MAL group, and DC+MET+MAL group and treated for eight weeks. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for metabolic parameters, histological, and RT-qPCR analysis. Results Our findings indicated that hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in diabetic rats were alleviated after oral treatment with MET and MAL, particularly their combination therapy. Besides, the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC, FAS, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB mRNA was down-regulated by MET+MAL, and the expression of PPARα, CPT1, and LPL was up-regulated by MET+MAL. Conclusion The evidence of this research indicated that the combination therapy may represent an efficient strategy against NAFLD in T2DM rats via improving lipid and glucose metabolisms, and inhibiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangcheng District Second People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Liver Disease, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
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11
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Li C, Deng S, Liu W, Zhou D, Huang Y, Liang CQ, Hao L, Zhang G, Su S, Xu X, Yang R, Li J, Huang X. α-Glucosidase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities of dammarane triterpenoids from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104847. [PMID: 33798849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is caused by chronic inflammation and affects millions of people worldwide. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves have been widely used in traditional folk tea as a remedy for diabetes, but the antidiabetic constituents remain to be further studied. The α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities were examined to evaluate their effects on diabetes mellitus, and bioassay-guided separation of C. paliurus leaves led to the identification of twenty dammarane saponins, including eleven new dammarane saponins (1-11). The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Bioactivity assay results showed that compounds 1 and 2 strongly inhibited α-glucosidase activity, with IC50 values ranging from 257.74 μM, 282.23 μM, and strongly inhibited the release of NO, with IC50 values of 9.10 μM, 9.02 μM. Moreover, compound 2 significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, NF-κB, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-mediated RAW 264.7 cells and markedly suppressed the protein expression of iNOS, NF-κB/p65, and COX-2. Dammarane glucoside 2 exhibited the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the dammarane saponins were investigated. In summary, C. paliurus leaves showed marked α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities, and dammarane saponins are responsible for regulating α-glucosidase, inflammatory mediators, and mRNA and the protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which could be meaningful for discovering new antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shengping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dexiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Cheng-Qin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lili Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Gaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shanshan Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ruiyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Xishan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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12
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Wang H, Tang C, Gao Z, Huang Y, Zhang B, Wei J, Zhao L, Tong X. Potential Role of Natural Plant Medicine Cyclocarya paliurus in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:1655336. [PMID: 34988228 PMCID: PMC8723876 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1655336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease that has become increasingly prevalent worldwide. It poses a serious threat to human health and places a considerable burden on global social medical work. To meet the increasing demand for T2DM treatment, research on hypoglycemic drugs is rapidly developing. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja is a medicinal plant that grows in China. The leaves of C. paliurus contain polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and other chemical components, which have numerous health benefits. Therefore, the use of this plant has attracted extensive attention in the medical community. Over the past few decades, contemporary pharmacological studies on C. paliurus extracts have revealed that it has abundant biological activities. Multiple in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that C. paliurus extracts are safe and can play a therapeutic role in T2DM through anti-inflammatory and antioxidation activities, and intestinal flora regulation. Its efficacy is closely related to many factors, such as extraction, separation, purification, and modification. Based on summarizing the existing extraction methods, this article further reviews the potential mechanism of C. paliurus extracts in T2DM treatment, and we aimed to provide a reference for future research on natural plant medicine for the prevention and treatment of T2DM and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yishan Huang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Boxun Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Jiahua Wei
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
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Liu W, Wu Y, Hu Y, Qin S, Guo X, Wang M, Wu L, Liu T. Effects of Cyclocarya paliurus Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts on Glucolipid Metabolism and the Underlying Mechanisms: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2020; 7:605605. [PMID: 33335910 PMCID: PMC7736088 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.605605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims:Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) has been used as an herbal tea to treat diabetes mellitus and obesity for hundreds of years. Previous research suggests that CP specifically restores glucolipid metabolic homeostasis, and the two most studied preparations are aqueous and ethanol extracts. In order to verify the effect of CP on glucolipid metabolism in animal models with metabolic syndrome, a meta-analysis was performed, and the active components and underlying mechanisms were systematically reviewed. Methods: Four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify potential literature. Data of blood glucose (BG) level, area under curve (AUC) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were extracted as indicators of the assessment of CP's effects. Follow-up analyses including subgroup analysis, meta-regressions, and publication bias were also conducted. Results: A total of 96 papers were identified from the databases and 11 papers including 31 data reports were involved in the meta-analysis. CP had a positive effect in down-regulating BG, AUC of OGTT, TC, TG, and LDL, and up-regulating HDL (P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval of standard mean difference did not incorporate the null value 0). Conclusion: CP showed definite activity of regulating glucolipid metabolism in animal models, and it exerted its function through multiple mechanisms including but not limited to: (1) improving insulin resistance; (2) protecting pancreatic β cells; (3) decreasing inflammatory infiltration; and (4) anti-oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Qin
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Guo
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Su J, Liu X, Li H, Cheng X, Shi S, Li N, Wu J, Xu Y, Liu R, Tian X, Wang H, Wang S. Hypoglycaemic effect and mechanism of an RG-II type polysaccharide purified from Aconitum coreanum in diet-induced obese mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:359-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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