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1
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Mann DL. The Emerging Field of Cardioimmunology: Past, Present and Foreseeable Future. Circ Res 2024; 134:1663-1680. [PMID: 38843286 PMCID: PMC11160976 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, the field of cardioimmunology has moved from being dismissed as a field that was chasing an epiphenomenon of little biological consequence to a scientific discipline that is providing important new insights into the immunologic basis for hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocarditis, pericarditis, autoimmune heart disease, and heart failure. In this article, we will review the conceptual insights and technical breakthroughs that have allowed the field to move forward, as well as the clinical trials in the cardioimmunology space, to provide a historical context for the articles that will appear in the compendium that is focused on the interface between cardioimmunology, myocardial function, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L Mann
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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2
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Tonon CR, Monte MG, Balin PS, Fujimori ASS, Ribeiro APD, Ferreira NF, Vieira NM, Cabral RP, Okoshi MP, Okoshi K, Zornoff LAM, Minicucci MF, Paiva SAR, Gomes MJ, Polegato BF. Liraglutide Pretreatment Does Not Improve Acute Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5833. [PMID: 38892020 PMCID: PMC11172760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is an effective drug for cancer treatment; however, cardiotoxicity limits its use. Cardiotoxicity pathophysiology is multifactorial. GLP-1 analogues have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pretreatment with liraglutide on doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity. A total of 60 male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: Control (C), Doxorubicin (D), Liraglutide (L), and Doxorubicin + Liraglutide (DL). L and DL received subcutaneous injection of liraglutide 0.6 mg/kg daily, while C and D received saline for 2 weeks. Afterwards, D and DL received a single intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin 20 mg/kg; C and L received an injection of saline. Forty-eight hours after doxorubicin administration, the rats were subjected to echocardiogram, isolated heart functional study, and euthanasia. Liraglutide-treated rats ingested significantly less food and gained less body weight than animals that did not receive the drug. Rats lost weight after doxorubicin injection. At echocardiogram and isolated heart study, doxorubicin-treated rats had systolic and diastolic function impairment. Myocardial catalase activity was statistically higher in doxorubicin-treated rats. Myocardial protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p-NFκB), troponin T, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was significantly lower, and the total NFκB/p-NFκB ratio and TLR-4 higher in doxorubicin-treated rats. Myocardial expression of OPA-1, MFN-2, DRP-1, and topoisomerase 2β did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is accompanied by decreased Bcl-2 and phosphorylated NFκB and increased catalase activity and TLR-4 expression. Liraglutide failed to improve acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina R. Tonon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Marina G. Monte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Paola S. Balin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Anderson S. S. Fujimori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Ana Paula D. Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Natália F. Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Nayane M. Vieira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Ronny P. Cabral
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Marina P. Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Leonardo A. M. Zornoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Marcos F. Minicucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Sergio A. R. Paiva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
| | - Mariana J. Gomes
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Bertha F. Polegato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (M.G.M.); (P.S.B.); (A.S.S.F.); (A.P.D.R.); (N.F.F.); (N.M.V.); (R.P.C.); (M.P.O.); (K.O.); (L.A.M.Z.); (M.F.M.); (S.A.R.P.); (B.F.P.)
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Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Baumhove L, Al-Mubarak AA, Aboumsallem JP, Bomer N, Voors AA, van der Meer P. Immunomodulation and immunopharmacology in heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:119-149. [PMID: 37709934 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is intimately involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure. However, it is currently underused as a therapeutic target in the clinical setting. Moreover, the development of novel immunomodulatory therapies and their investigation for the treatment of patients with heart failure are hampered by the fact that currently used, evidence-based treatments for heart failure exert multiple immunomodulatory effects. In this Review, we discuss current knowledge on how evidence-based treatments for heart failure affect the immune system in addition to their primary mechanism of action, both to inform practising physicians about these pleiotropic actions and to create a framework for the development and application of future immunomodulatory therapies. We also delineate which subpopulations of patients with heart failure might benefit from immunomodulatory treatments. Furthermore, we summarize completed and ongoing clinical trials that assess immunomodulatory treatments in heart failure and present several therapeutic targets that could be investigated in the future. Lastly, we provide future directions to leverage the immunomodulatory potential of existing treatments and to foster the investigation of novel immunomodulatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Markousis-Mavrogenis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lukas Baumhove
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ali A Al-Mubarak
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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Benavides S, Palavecino R, Riquelme JA, Montecinos L, Finkelstein JP, Donoso P, Sánchez G. Inhibition of NOX2 or NLRP3 inflammasome prevents cardiac remote ischemic preconditioning. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1327402. [PMID: 38288352 PMCID: PMC10822933 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1327402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Short episodes of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in the heart (classical ischemic preconditioning, IPC) or in a limb (remote ischemic preconditioning, RIPC) before a prolonged ischemic episode, reduce the size of the infarct. It is unknown whether IPC and RIPC share common mechanisms of protection. Animals KO for NOX2, a superoxide-producing enzyme, or KO for NLRP3, a protein component of inflammasome, are not protected by IPC. The aim of this study was to investigate if NOX2 or NLRP3 inflammasome are involved in the protection induced by RIPC. Methods: We preconditioned rats using 4 × 5 min periods of IR in the limb with or without a NOX2 inhibitor (apocynin) or an NLRP3 inhibitor (Bay117082). In isolated hearts, we measured the infarct size after 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. In hearts from preconditioned rats we measured the activity of NOX2; the mRNA of Nrf2, gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase, glutathione dehydrogenase, thioredoxin reductase and sulfiredoxin by RT-qPCR; the content of glutathione; the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the content of IL-1β and IL-10 in cardiac tissue. In exosomes isolated from plasma, we quantified NOX2 activity. Results: The infarct size after IR decreased from 40% in controls to 9% of the heart volume after RIPC. This protective effect was lost in the presence of both inhibitors. RIPC increased NOX2 activity in the heart and exosomes, as indicated by the increased association of p47phox to the membrane and by the increased oxidation rate of NADPH. RIPC also increased the mRNA of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzymes. Also, RIPC increased the content of glutathione and the GSH/GSSG ratio. The inflammasome proteins NLRP3, procaspase-1, and caspase-1 were all increased in the hearts of RIPC rats. At the end of RIPC protocol, IL-1β increased in plasma but decreased in cardiac tissue. At the same time, IL-10 did not change in cardiac tissue but increased by 70% during the next 50 min of perfusion. Conclusion: RIPC activates NOX2 which upregulates the heart's antioxidant defenses and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome which stimulates a cardiac anti-inflammatory response. These changes may underlie the decrease in the infarct size induced by RIPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Benavides
- Physiopathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Palavecino
- Physiopathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime A. Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Montecinos
- Physiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Pablo Finkelstein
- Physiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Donoso
- Physiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gina Sánchez
- Physiopathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Arvunescu AM, Ionescu RF, Cretoiu SM, Dumitrescu SI, Zaharia O, Nanea IT. Inflammation in Heart Failure-Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7738. [PMID: 38137807 PMCID: PMC10743797 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure is a terminal point of a vast majority of cardiac or extracardiac causes affecting around 1-2% of the global population and more than 10% of the people above the age of 65. Inflammation is persistently associated with chronic diseases, contributing in many cases to the progression of disease. Even in a low inflammatory state, past studies raised the question of whether inflammation is a constant condition, or if it is, rather, triggered in different amounts, according to the phenotype of heart failure. By evaluating the results of clinical studies which focused on proinflammatory cytokines, this review aims to identify the ones that are independent risk factors for heart failure decompensation or cardiovascular death. This review assessed the current evidence concerning the inflammatory activation cascade, but also future possible targets for inflammatory response modulation, which can further impact the course of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Mircea Arvunescu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu
- Department of Cardiology I, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr Carol Davila”, 030167 Bucharest, Romania (S.I.D.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silviu Ionel Dumitrescu
- Department of Cardiology I, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr Carol Davila”, 030167 Bucharest, Romania (S.I.D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ondin Zaharia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioan Tiberiu Nanea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, “Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania; (O.Z.); (I.T.N.)
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
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Kourek C, Briasoulis A, Karatzanos E, Zouganeli V, Psarra K, Pratikaki M, Alevra-Prokopiou A, Skoularigis J, Xanthopoulos A, Nanas S, Dimopoulos S. The Effects of a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Inflammatory Profile in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure of Different Severity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6592. [PMID: 37892730 PMCID: PMC10607596 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are common pathophysiological characteristics of chronic heart failure (CHF). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recognized as useful markers of vascular damage and endothelial repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a cardiac rehabilitation program on EPCs and inflammatory profile in CHF patients of different severity. Forty-four patients with stable CHF underwent a 36-session cardiac rehabilitation program. They were separated into two different subgroups each time, according to the median peak VO2, predicted peak VO2, VE/VCO2 slope, and ejection fraction. EPCs, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured. Flow cytometry was used for the quantification of EPCs. Mobilization of EPCs increased and the inflammatory profile improved within each severity group (p < 0.05) after the cardiac rehabilitation program, but there were no statistically significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). A 36-session cardiac rehabilitation program has similar beneficial effects on the mobilization of EPCs and on the inflammatory profile in patients with CHF of different severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kourek
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens (NIMTS), 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Heart Failure and Transplantation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - Eleftherios Karatzanos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Virginia Zouganeli
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Katherina Psarra
- Immunology and Histocompatibility Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Pratikaki
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (A.A.-P.)
| | | | - John Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41334 Larissa, Greece; (J.S.); (A.X.)
| | - Andrew Xanthopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41334 Larissa, Greece; (J.S.); (A.X.)
| | - Serafim Nanas
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Stavros Dimopoulos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (E.K.); (S.N.)
- Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 17674 Athens, Greece
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Diao J, Jia S, Feng P, Yu P, Cheng G. Anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective effect of gypenoside against isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats via alteration of inflammation and gut microbiota. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2731-2750. [PMID: 37603159 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly referred to as a heart attack, occurs when the blood flow to a portion of the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. In this study, we scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of gypenoside against the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury (MI) in the rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follow: normal, gypenoside (10 mg/kg), ISO control, and ISO control treated with the gypenoside (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg). Various parameters were estimated such as infract size, hemodynamic, inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiac, cytokines, and apoptotic markers. We also estimated the gut microbiota in the faces of the experimental rats. Finally, heart tissue histopathology performed. RESULT Dose-dependent treatment of gypenoside significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the infracted size along with suppression of the heart weight and heart ratio along with enhance the body weight. Gypenoside treatment considerably altered the level of cardiac parameters, cardiac membrane stabilizing enzyme, hemodynamic parameters, antioxidant, lipid parameters, hepatic parameters, renal parameters, inflammatory cytokines, and mediators. Gypenoside significantly (P < 0.001) suppressed the level of apoptotic markers such as caspase-3, caspase-6, and caspase-9. Gypenoside significantly (P < 0.001) altered the relative abundance of unclassified bacteria, Tenericutes, Candidatus_Saccharibacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and suppressed the ratio of F/B. CONCLUSION Gypenoside acts as a protective phytoconstituents against the ISO-induced myocardial infraction in the rats via alteration of gut microbiota, inflammatory, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Ultrasonic Diagnosis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Ultrasonic Diagnosis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Ultrasonic Diagnosis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Jiayu Diao
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Shuo Jia
- Department of Emergency, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Panpan Feng
- Department of General Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Penghua Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China.
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Ribeiro Vitorino T, Ferraz do Prado A, Bruno de Assis Cau S, Rizzi E. MMP-2 and its implications on cardiac function and structure: Interplay with inflammation in hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115684. [PMID: 37459959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the leading risk factors for the development of heart failure. Despite being a multifactorial disease, in recent years, preclinical and clinical studies suggest strong evidence of the pivotal role of inflammatory cells and cytokines in the remodeling process and cardiac dysfunction. During the heart remodeling, activation of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) occurs, with MMP-2 being one of the main proteases secreted by cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial and inflammatory cells in cardiac tissue. In this review, we will address the process of cardiac remodeling and injury induced by the increase in MMP-2 and the main signaling pathways involving cytokines and inflammatory cells in the process of transcriptional, secretion and activation of MMP-2. In addition, an interaction and coordinated action between MMP-2 and inflammation are explored and significant in maintaining the cardiac cycle. These observations suggest that new therapeutic opportunities targeting MMP-2 could be used to reduce inflammatory biomarkers and reduce cardiac damage in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Ribeiro Vitorino
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto, UNAERP, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Ferraz do Prado
- Cardiovascular System Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, UFPA, Brazil
| | - Stefany Bruno de Assis Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Brazil.
| | - Elen Rizzi
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto, UNAERP, Brazil.
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9
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Yan R, Sun Y, Yang Y, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Meng Y. Mitochondria and NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04812-1. [PMID: 37589860 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is the main adaptive response of the heart to chronic loads; however, prolonged or excessive hypertrophy promotes myocardial interstitial fibrosis, systolic dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte death, especially aseptic inflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome, which can aggravate ventricular remodeling and myocardial damage, which is an important mechanism for the progression of heart failure. Various cardiac overloads can cause mitochondrial damage. In recent years, the mitochondria have been demonstrated to be involved in the inflammatory response during the development of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. As the NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondria are regulators of inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy, we explored the potential functions of the NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac hypertrophy. In particular, we proposed that the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes may promote NLRP3-dependent inflammation during myocardial hypertrophy. Further in-depth studies could prompt valuable discoveries regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy, reveal novel anti-inflammatory therapies for cardiac hypertrophy, and provide more desirable therapeutic outcomes for patients with cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, NO.990 Qinghua Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, NO.990 Qinghua Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Rongchao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yujiao Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, NO.990 Qinghua Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, NO.990 Qinghua Street, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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10
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Claeys L, Zhytnik L, Wisse LE, van Essen HW, Eekhoff EMW, Pals G, Bravenboer N, Micha D. Exploration of the skeletal phenotype of the Col1a1 +/Mov13 mouse model for haploinsufficient osteogenesis imperfecta type 1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1145125. [PMID: 36967771 PMCID: PMC10031054 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1145125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteogenesis Imperfecta is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder, characterized by skeletal dysplasia and fragile bones. Currently only two mouse models have been reported for haploinsufficient (HI) mild Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI); the Col1a1 +/Mov13 (Mov13) and the Col1a1 +/-365 mouse model. The Mov13 mice were created by random insertion of the Mouse Moloney leukemia virus in the first intron of the Col1a1 gene, preventing the initiation of transcription. Since the development of the Mov13 mice almost four decades ago and its basic phenotypic characterization in the 90s, there have not been many further studies. We aimed to extensively characterize the Mov13 mouse model in order to critically evaluate its possible use for preclinical studies of HI OI. METHODS Bone tissue from ten heterozygous Mov13 and ten wild-type littermates (WT) C57BL/6J mice (50% males per group) was analyzed at eight weeks of age with bone histomorphometry, micro computed tomography (microCT), 3-point bending, gene expression of different collagens, as well as serum markers of bone turnover. RESULTS The Mov13 mouse presented a lower bone strength and impaired material properties based on our results of 3-point bending and microCT analysis respectively. In contrast, no significant differences were found for all histomorphometric parameters. In addition, no significant differences in Col1a1 bone expression were present, but there was a significant lower P1NP concentration, a bone formation marker, measured in serum. Furthermore, bone tissue of Mov13 mice presented significantly higher expression of collagens (Col1a2, Col5a1 and Col5a2), and bone metabolism markers (Bglap, Fgf23, Smad7, Edn1 and Eln) compared to WT. Finally, we measured a significantly lower Col1a1 expression in heart and skin tissue and also determined a higher expression of other collagens in the heart tissue. CONCLUSION Although we did not detect a significant reduction in Col1a1 expression in the bone tissue, a change in bone structure and reduction in bone strength was noted. Regrettably, the variability of the bone phenotype and the appearance of severe lymphoma in adult Mov13 mice, does not favor their use for the testing of new long-term drug studies. As such, a new HI OI type 1 mouse model is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauria Claeys
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lidiia Zhytnik
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, The University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lisanne E. Wisse
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Huib W. van Essen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Ageing & Vitality, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E. Marelise W. Eekhoff
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Rare Bone Disease Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pals
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Ageing & Vitality, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration and Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Dimitra Micha,
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11
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Liu SY, Huang CC, Yang YY, Huang SF, Lee TY, Li TH, Hou MC, Lin HC. Obeticholic acid treatment ameliorates the cardiac dysfunction in NASH mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276717. [PMID: 36490253 PMCID: PMC9733885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suppression of cardiac iinflammasome, which can be inhibited by Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, can ameliorate cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Increased cardiac inflammasome decrease the abundance of regulatory T (Treg) cells and exacerbate cardiac dysfunction. Interaction between cardiomyocytes and Treg cells is involved in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related cardiac dysfunction. AIMS This study evaluates whether the FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) treatment improves NASH-associated cardiac dysfunction. METHODS The in vivo and in vitro mechanisms and effects of two weeks of OCA treatment on inflammasome and Treg dysregulation-related cardiac dysfunction in NASH mice (NASH-OCA) at systemic, tissue and cellular levels were investigated. RESULTS The OCA treatment suppressed the serum and cardiac inflammasome levels, reduced the cardiac infiltrated CD3+ T cells, increased the cardiac Treg-represented anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10/IL-10R) and improved cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and function [decreased left ventricle (LV) mass and increased fractional shortening (FS)] in NASH-OCA mice. The percentages of OCA-decreased cardiac fibrosis and OCA-increased FS were positively correlated with the percentage of OCA-increased levels of cardiac FXR and IL-10/IL-10R. In the Treg cells from NASH-OCA mice spleen, in comparison with the Treg cells of the NASH group, higher intracellular FXR but lower inflammasome levels, and more proliferative/active and less apoptotic cells were observed. Incubation of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with Treg-NASHcm [supernatant of Treg from NASH mice as condition medium (cm)], increased inflammasome levels, decreased the proliferative/active cells, suppressed the intracellular FXR, and downregulated differentiation/contraction marker. The Treg-NASHcm-induced hypocontractility of H9c2 can be attenuated by co-incubation with OCA, and the OCA-related effects were abolished by siIL-10R pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Chronic FXR activation with OCA is a potential strategy for activating IL-10/IL-10R signalling, reversing cardiac regulatory T cell dysfunction, and improving inflammasome-mediated NASH-related cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Education, Clinical Innovation Center, Medical Innovation and Research Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Yang
- Department of Medical Education, Clinical Innovation Center, Medical Innovation and Research Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,* E-mail: (Y-YY); (H-CL)
| | - Shiang-Fen Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Guang Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Li
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan,Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,* E-mail: (Y-YY); (H-CL)
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12
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Yang S, Wang C, Ruan C, Chen M, Cao R, Sheng L, Chang N, Xu T, Zhao P, Liu X, Zhu F, Xiao Q, Gao S. Novel Insights into the Cardioprotective Effects of Calcitriol in Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2022; 11:1676. [PMID: 35626713 PMCID: PMC9139780 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency negatively affects the cardiovascular system. Here we studied the therapeutic effects of calcitriol in myocardial infarction (MI) and investigated its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A MI model of Kun-ming mice induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation was utilized to study the potential therapeutic effects of calcitriol on MI. AC16 human cardiomyocyte-like cells treated with TNF-α were used for exploring the mechanisms that underlie the cardioprotective effects of calcitriol. RESULTS We observed that calcitriol reversed adverse cardiovascular function and cardiac remodeling in post-MI mice. Mechanistically, calcitriol suppressed MI-induced cardiac inflammation, ameliorated cardiomyocyte death, and promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation. Specifically, calcitriol exerted these cellular effects by upregulating Vitamin D receptor (VDR). Increased VDR directly interacted with p65 and retained p65 in cytoplasm, thereby dampening NF-κB signaling and suppressing inflammation. Moreover, up-regulated VDR was translocated into nuclei where it directly bound to IL-10 gene promoters to activate IL-10 gene transcription, further inhibiting inflammation. CONCLUSION We provide new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of calcitriol, and we present comprehensive evidence to support the preventive and therapeutic effects of calcitriol on MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Chunmiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China;
| | - Chengshao Ruan
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Meiling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Ran Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Liang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Naiying Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peiwen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China;
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (S.Y.); (C.R.); (M.C.); (R.C.); (L.S.); (N.C.); (T.X.); (P.Z.)
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13
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Siddiq MM, Chan AT, Miorin L, Yadaw AS, Beaumont KG, Kehrer T, Cupic A, White KM, Tolentino RE, Hu B, Stern AD, Tavassoly I, Hansen J, Sebra R, Martinez P, Prabha S, Dubois N, Schaniel C, Iyengar-Kapuganti R, Kukar N, Giustino G, Sud K, Nirenberg S, Kovatch P, Albrecht RA, Goldfarb J, Croft L, McLaughlin MA, Argulian E, Lerakis S, Narula J, García-Sastre A, Iyengar R. Functional Effects of Cardiomyocyte Injury in COVID-19. J Virol 2022; 96:e0106321. [PMID: 34669512 PMCID: PMC8791272 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01063-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 affects multiple organs. Clinical data from the Mount Sinai Health System show that substantial numbers of COVID-19 patients without prior heart disease develop cardiac dysfunction. How COVID-19 patients develop cardiac disease is not known. We integrated cell biological and physiological analyses of human cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the presence of interleukins (ILs) with clinical findings related to laboratory values in COVID-19 patients to identify plausible mechanisms of cardiac disease in COVID-19 patients. We infected hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from healthy human subjects with SARS-CoV-2 in the absence and presence of IL-6 and IL-1β. Infection resulted in increased numbers of multinucleated cells. Interleukin treatment and infection resulted in disorganization of myofibrils, extracellular release of troponin I, and reduced and erratic beating. Infection resulted in decreased expression of mRNA encoding key proteins of the cardiomyocyte contractile apparatus. Although interleukins did not increase the extent of infection, they increased the contractile dysfunction associated with viral infection of cardiomyocytes, resulting in cessation of beating. Clinical data from hospitalized patients from the Mount Sinai Health System show that a significant portion of COVID-19 patients without history of heart disease have elevated troponin and interleukin levels. A substantial subset of these patients showed reduced left ventricular function by echocardiography. Our laboratory observations, combined with the clinical data, indicate that direct effects on cardiomyocytes by interleukins and SARS-CoV-2 infection might underlie heart disease in COVID-19 patients. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple organs, including the heart. Analyses of hospitalized patients show that a substantial number without prior indication of heart disease or comorbidities show significant injury to heart tissue, assessed by increased levels of troponin in blood. We studied the cell biological and physiological effects of virus infection of healthy human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in culture. Virus infection with interleukins disorganizes myofibrils, increases cell size and the numbers of multinucleated cells, and suppresses the expression of proteins of the contractile apparatus. Viral infection of cardiomyocytes in culture triggers release of troponin similar to elevation in levels of COVID-19 patients with heart disease. Viral infection in the presence of interleukins slows down and desynchronizes the beating of cardiomyocytes in culture. The cell-level physiological changes are similar to decreases in left ventricular ejection seen in imaging of patients' hearts. These observations suggest that direct injury to heart tissue by virus can be one underlying cause of heart disease in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M. Siddiq
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angel T. Chan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arjun S. Yadaw
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kristin G. Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Kehrer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anastasija Cupic
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kris M. White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rosa E. Tolentino
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alan D. Stern
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Iman Tavassoly
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jens Hansen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Som Prabha
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Dubois
- Department of Cell Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christoph Schaniel
- Black Family Stem Cell Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rupa Iyengar-Kapuganti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nina Kukar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gennaro Giustino
- Black Family Stem Cell Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karan Sud
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sharon Nirenberg
- Department of Scientific Computing and Data Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patricia Kovatch
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Scientific Computing and Data Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Randy A. Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Goldfarb
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lori Croft
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maryann A. McLaughlin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edgar Argulian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stamatios Lerakis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jagat Narula
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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14
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapies on Fibrotic Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147447. [PMID: 34299066 PMCID: PMC8307175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to heart diseases. The most prevalent source of multipotent stem cells, usually called somatic or adult stem cells (mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, MSCs) used in clinical trials is bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AT-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and placenta. Therapeutic use of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases is based on the benefits in reducing cardiac fibrosis and inflammation that compose the cardiac remodeling responsible for the maintenance of normal function, something which may end up causing progressive and irreversible dysfunction. Many factors lead to cardiac fibrosis and failure, and an effective therapy is lacking to reverse or attenuate this condition. Different approaches have been shown to be promising in surpassing the poor survival of transplanted cells in cardiac tissue to provide cardioprotection and prevent cardiac remodeling. This review includes the description of pre-clinical and clinical investigation of the therapeutic potential of MSCs in improving ventricular dysfunction consequent to diverse cardiac diseases.
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Chen Y, Pan R, Zhang J, Liang T, Guo J, Sun T, Fu X, Wang L, Zhang L. Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) attenuates cardiac hypertrophy via AKT/mTOR/NF-κB signaling in pressure overload-induced rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113920. [PMID: 33607200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), the active compound extracted from Eucommia ulmoides, Styrax sp. and Forsythia suspensa, plays the roles in regulating hypertension, inflammation and oxidative stress. AIMS Considering that hypertension and inflammation has been proved to contribute to cardiac remodeling, we tested the effects of PDG on cardiac hypertrophy (CM). METHODS Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to construct hypertrophic rats by partial abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)-surgery. PDG solution (2 mg/ml) was used to treat AAC-induced rats by intraperitoneal injection at low dose (L-PDG, 2.5 mg/kg per day), medium dose (M-PDG, 5 mg/kg per day), and high dose (H-PDG, 7.5 mg/kg per day) for 3 weeks post AAC-surgery. CM was evaluated by the ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), left ventricular wall thickness by H&E staining, and collagen content deposit by Masson's staining. Further, isoproterenol (ISO) and phenylephrine (PE) were used to produce cellular models of CM in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). PDG pre-treated NRVMs 2 h at low dose (L-PDG, 2.5 μg/ml), medium dose (M-PDG, 5 μg/ml), and high dose (H-PDG, 7.5 μg/ml) for 24 h with or without PE- and ISO-stimulation. CM was evaluated by the expressions of hypertrophic biomarkers. Next, the hypertrophic biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the expressions of protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS PDG treatment prevented cardiac histomorphology damages, decreased upregulations of hypertrophic biomarkers, and prevented fibrosis and inflammation after pressure overload resulting from AAC-surgery. Consistently, PDG remarkably inhibited the changes of cardiomyocyte hypertrophic biomarkers and inflammatory responses in cellular models of CM. Interestingly, PDG administration inhibited the activation of AKT/mTOR/NF-kB signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS PDG prevents AAC-induced CM in vivo, PE- and ISO-induced CM in vitro. The AKT/mTOR/NF-kB signaling pathway could be the potential therapeutic target involved in the protection of PDG. These findings provide novel evidence that PDG might be a promising therapeutic strategy for CM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tai Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, PR China
| | | | - Ling Wang
- Medical Experiment and Training Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, PR China
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