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Zhang J, Wu Y, Tian Y, Xu H, Lin ZX, Xian YF. Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of intestinal cancer: preclinical studies and potential clinical applications. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:217. [PMID: 39354520 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal cancer (IC) poses a significant global health challenge that drives continuous efforts to explore effective treatment modalities. Conventional treatments for IC are effective, but are associated with several limitations and drawbacks. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) plays an important role in the overall cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies. Recent years have seen a growing body of research focus on the potential of CHM in IC treatment, showing promising results in managing IC and mitigating the adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review provides updated information from preclinical research and clinical observation on CHM's role in treatment of IC, offering insights into its comprehensive management and guiding future prevention strategies and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanyang Tian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, 999077, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Tan P, Wei X, Huang H, Wang F, Wang Z, Xie J, Wang L, Liu D, Hu Z. Application of omics technologies in studies on antitumor effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chin Med 2024; 19:123. [PMID: 39252074 PMCID: PMC11385818 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is considered to be one of the most comprehensive and influential form of traditional medicine. It plays an important role in clinical treatment and adjuvant therapy for cancer. However, the complex composition of TCM presents challenges to the comprehensive and systematic understanding of its antitumor mechanisms, which hinders further development of TCM with antitumor effects. Omics technologies can immensely help in elucidating the mechanism of action of drugs. They utilize high-throughput sequencing and detection techniques to provide deeper insights into biological systems, revealing the intricate mechanisms through which TCM combats tumors. Multi-omics approaches can be used to elucidate the interrelationships among different omics layers by integrating data from various omics disciplines. By analyzing a large amount of data, these approaches further unravel the complex network of mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of TCM and explain the mutual regulations across different molecular levels. In this study, we presented a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in single-omics and multi-omics research focused on elucidating the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of TCM. We discussed the significance of omics technologies in advancing research on the antitumor properties of TCM and also provided novel research perspectives and methodologies for further advancing this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuejiao Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huiming Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhuguo Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinxin Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Longyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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3
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Zhou Y, Zhang D, Cheng H, Wu J, Liu J, Feng W, Peng C. Repairing gut barrier by traditional Chinese medicine: roles of gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1389925. [PMID: 39027133 PMCID: PMC11254640 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1389925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut barrier is not only part of the digestive organ but also an important immunological organ for the hosts. The disruption of gut barrier can lead to various diseases such as obesity and colitis. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained much attention for its rich clinical experiences enriched in thousands of years. After orally taken, TCM can interplay with gut microbiota. On one hand, TCM can modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota. On the other hand, gut microbiota can transform TCM compounds. The gut microbiota metabolites produced during the actions of these interplays exert noticeable pharmacological effects on the host especially gut barrier. Recently, a large number of studies have investigated the repairing and fortifying effects of TCM on gut barriers from the perspective of gut microbiota and its metabolites. However, no review has summarized the mechanism behand this beneficiary effects of TCM. In this review, we first briefly introduce the unique structure and specific function of gut barrier. Then, we summarize the interactions and relationship amidst gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolites and TCM. Further, we summarize the regulative effects and mechanisms of TCM on gut barrier including physical barrier, chemical barrier, immunological barrier, and microbial barrier. At last, we discuss the effects of TCM on diseases that are associated gut barrier destruction such as ulcerative colitis and type 2 diabetes. Our review can provide insights into TCM, gut barrier and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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4
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Zou Y, Wang S, Zhang H, Gu Y, Chen H, Huang Z, Yang F, Li W, Chen C, Men L, Tian Q, Xie T. The triangular relationship between traditional Chinese medicines, intestinal flora, and colorectal cancer. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:539-567. [PMID: 37661373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, colorectal cancer has reported a higher incidence in younger adults and a lower mortality rate. Recently, the influence of the intestinal flora in the initiation, progression, and treatment of colorectal cancer has been extensively studied, as well as their positive therapeutic impact on inflammation and the cancer microenvironment. Historically, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer via promoted cancer cell apoptosis, inhibited cancer metastasis, and reduced drug resistance and side effects. The present research is more on the effect of either herbal medicine or intestinal flora on colorectal cancer. The interactions between TCM and intestinal flora are bidirectional and the combined impacts of TCM and gut microbiota in the treatment of colon cancer should not be neglected. Therefore, this review discusses the role of intestinal bacteria in the progression and treatment of colorectal cancer by inhibiting carcinogenesis, participating in therapy, and assisting in healing. Then the complex anticolon cancer effects of different kinds of TCM monomers, TCM drug pairs, and traditional Chinese prescriptions embodied in apoptosis, metastasis, immune suppression, and drug resistance are summarized separately. In addition, the interaction between TCM and intestinal flora and the combined effect on cancer treatment were analyzed. This review provides a mechanistic reference for the application of TCM and intestinal flora in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer and paves the way for the combined development and application of microbiome and TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxin Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lianhui Men
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingchang Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Miao K, Liu W, Xu J, Qian Z, Zhang Q. Harnessing the power of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and compound prescriptions to boost cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277243. [PMID: 38035069 PMCID: PMC10684919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, cancer is the largest culprit that endangers human health. The current treatment options for cancer mainly include surgical resection, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but their therapeutic effects and long-term prognosis are unsatisfactory. Immunotherapy is an emerging therapy that has completely transformed the therapeutic landscape of advanced cancers, and has tried to occupy a place in the neoadjuvant therapy of resectable tumors. However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy due to the immunological and molecular features of the tumors. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) provides a new perspective for cancer treatment and is considered to have the potential as promising anti-tumor drugs considering its immunoregulatory properties. This review concludes commonly used TCM monomers and compounds from the perspective of immune regulatory pathways, aiming to clearly introduce the basic mechanisms of TCM in boosting cancer immunotherapy and mechanisms of several common TCM. In addition, we also summarized closed and ongoing trials and presented prospects for future development. Due to the significant role of immunotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), TCM combined with immunotherapy should be emphasized in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyan Miao
- Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weici Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingtong Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University. Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengtao Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changshu Medicine Examination Institute, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Dan WY, Zhou GZ, Peng LH, Pan F. Update and latest advances in mechanisms and management of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1317-1331. [PMID: 37663937 PMCID: PMC10473934 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is defined as a specific cluster of colorectal cancers that develop as a result of prolonged colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are known to have an increased risk of developing CAC. Although the incidence of CAC has significantly decreased over the past few decades, individuals with CAC have increased mortality compared to individuals with sporadic colorectal cancer, and the incidence of CAC increases with duration. Chronic inflammation is generally recognized as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of CAC. CAC has been shown to progress from colitis to dysplasia and finally to carcinoma. Accumulating evidence suggests that multiple immune-mediated pathways, DNA damage pathways, and pathogens are involved in the pathogenesis of CAC. Over the past decade, there has been an increasing effort to develop clinical approaches that could help improve outcomes for CAC patients. Colonoscopic surveillance plays an important role in reducing the risk of advanced and interval cancers. It is generally recommended that CAC patients undergo endoscopic removal or colectomy. This review summarizes the current understanding of CAC, particularly its epidemiology, mechanisms, and management. It focuses on the mechanisms that contribute to the development of CAC, covering advances in genomics, immunology, and the microbiome; presents evidence for management strategies, including endoscopy and colectomy; and discusses new strategies to interfere with the process and development of CAC. These scientific findings will pave the way for the management of CAC in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yue Dan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guan-Zhou Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Wei X, Leng X, Li G, Wang R, Chi L, Sun D. Advances in research on the effectiveness and mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas for colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120672. [PMID: 36909166 PMCID: PMC9995472 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can progress into colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) through the inflammation-cancer sequence. Although the mechanism of carcinogenesis in IBD has not been fully elucidated, the existing research indicates that CAC may represent a fundamentally different pathogenesis pattern of colorectal cancer. At present, there is no proven safe and effective medication to prevent IBD cancer. In recent years, Chinese medicine extracts and Chinese medicine monomers have been the subject of numerous articles about the prevention and treatment of CAC, but their clinical application is still relatively limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas are widely applied in clinical practice. TCM formulas have demonstrated great potential in the prevention and treatment of CAC in recent years, although there is still a lack of review. Our work aimed to summarize the effects and potential mechanisms of TCM formulas for the prevention and treatment of CAC, point out the issues and limitations of the current research, and provide recommendations for the advancement of CAC research in the future. We discovered that TCM formulas regulated many malignant biological processes, such as inflammation-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, tumor microenvironment, and intestinal microecology imbalance in CAC, through a review of the articles published in databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, and CNKI. Several major signal transduction pathways, including NF-κB, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2, were engaged. TCM formula may be a promising treatment candidate to control the colitis-cancer transformation, however further high-quality research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiunan Wei
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Leng
- Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruting Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Chi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dajuan Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Wan X, Tou F, Zeng J, Chen X, Li S, Chen L, Zheng Z, Rao J. Integrative analysis and identification of key elements and pathways regulated by Traditional Chinese Medicine (Yiqi Sanjie formula) in colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090599. [PMID: 36582529 PMCID: PMC9792787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The clinical efficacy of Yiqi Sanjie (YQSJ) formula in the treatment of stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) has been demonstrated. However, the underlying antitumor mechanisms remain poorly understood. Materials and methods: The aim of the present study was to comprehensively characterize the molecular and microbiota changes in colon tissues and fecal samples from CRC mice and in CRC cell lines treated with YQSJ or its main active component, peiminine. Integrative tandem mass tag-based proteomics and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics were used to analyze azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced CRC mouse colon tissues. Results: The results showed that 0.8% (57/7568) of all detected tissue proteins and 3.2% (37/1141) of all detected tissue metabolites were significantly changed by YQSJ treatment, with enrichment in ten and six pathways associated with colon proteins and metabolites, respectively. The enriched pathways were related to inflammation, sphingolipid metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism. Metabolomics analysis of fecal samples from YQSJ-treated mice identified 121 altered fecal metabolites and seven enriched pathways including protein digestion and absorption pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of fecal samples indicated that YQSJ restored the CRC mouse microbiota structure by increasing the levels of beneficial bacteria such as Ruminococcus_1 and Prevotellaceae_UCG_001. In HCT-116 cells treated with peiminine, data-independent acquisition-based proteomics analysis showed that 1073 of the 7152 identified proteins were significantly altered and involved in 33 pathways including DNA damage repair, ferroptosis, and TGF-β signaling. Conclusion: The present study identified key regulatory elements (proteins/metabolites/bacteria) and pathways involved in the antitumor mechanisms of YQSJ, suggesting new potential therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Wan
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fangfang Tou
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiquan Zeng
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lanyu Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Jun Rao, ; Zhi Zheng,
| | - Jun Rao
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Jun Rao, ; Zhi Zheng,
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Liang T, Li D, Zunong J, Li M, Amaerjiang N, Xiao H, Khattab NM, Vermund SH, Hu Y. Interplay of Lymphocytes with the Intestinal Microbiota in Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214641. [PMID: 36364902 PMCID: PMC9657134 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally high lymphocyte counts are seen in persons with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a risk factor for NAFLD. We assessed the gut microbiota of 63 healthy children and 63 children with NAFLD using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing to explore the relationships. Compared with healthy children (HC group), the Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Akkermansia were less abundant, while the Actinobacteria were more abundant in children with NAFLD (FLD group). To understand the effect of lymphocytes on the gut microbiota of children with NAFLD, we compared the microbiota of 41 children with NAFLD and high numbers of lymphocytes (FLD_HL group) and 22 children with NAFLD and low numbers of lymphocytes (FLD_LL group). The abundances of Bacteroidetes, Verrucobacterium, and Akkermansia increased and Actinobacteria decreased in the FLD_LL group compared to the FLD_HL group. Akkermansia was negatively correlated with lymphocyte count. NAFLD may disturb the gut microbiota in children through reducing the abundance of Akkermansia and increasing the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria, such as Escherichia-Shigella. Conclusions: High lymphocyte counts are associated with disturbances of gut microbiota and emergence of opportunistic pathogens in children with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Dan Li
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510-3201, USA
| | - Jiawulan Zunong
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Menglong Li
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nubiya Amaerjiang
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huidi Xiao
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nourhan M. Khattab
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sten H. Vermund
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510-3201, USA
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-10-83911747
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Qiu W, Sang T, Chen H, Zhou H, Wang Z, Zhou H. Wenzi Jiedu Recipe ameliorates colorectal cancer by remodeling the gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:915498. [PMID: 36212428 PMCID: PMC9541612 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.915498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWenzi Jiedu Recipe (WJR), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been proven to be clinically useful in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its underlying mechanisms are still elusive, which limits its wider application. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of WJR on CRC and elucidate mechanisms underlying its action.MethodsNetwork pharmacology was employed to clarify the “herb-active ingredient-target” network of WJR. The 16S rDNA sequencing method was used to analyze the changes of gut microbes mediated by WJR in tumor-bearing mice with CRC. The proportions of CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell were measured by flow cytometry. Levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were assessed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsWJR showed significant anti-CRC effects both in vitro and in vivo. Network pharmacology revealed that WJR exerts anti-CRC therapeutic effect on multiple targets and signaling pathways. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that WJR therapy significantly enriched for Oscillibacter and Bacteroides_acidifacien. In particular, we found that WJR significantly increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells and the expression of immune-associated cytokines IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α.ConclusionThe regulation of gut microbiota by WJR may be the breakthrough point to clarify its mechanism of action in the treatment of CRC, and it has a good prospect of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianqing Sang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Science and Technology Department, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongguang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongguang Zhou,
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Hao C, Yi H, Hong L, Ming Y, Hengli T, Feipeng G, Lingyun Z. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Reducing Toxicity and Increasing the Efficacy of Sini Decoction Compatibility. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:827-838. [PMID: 36123021 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sini Decoction (SND) is the main prescription for treating Shaoyin disease in Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Typhoid Diseases in Han Dynasty. It is composed of Aconitum carmichaeli Debeaux, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch ex DC and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. It has the effects of warming middle-jiao to dispel cold and revive the yang for resuscitation. Nowadays, it is mainly used in diseases in cardiovascular system, nervous system, digestive system and so on. In this paper, the effect and mechanism of the compatibility of Aconitum carmichaelii, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch ex DC and Zingiber officinale Roscoe in SND were described. The results showed that SND performed remarkbly on strengthening heart, promoting blood circulation as well as inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypothyroidism. The toxic effect of Aconitum carmichaelii was relieved by the combination of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch ex DC and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. The mechanism of increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity after the compatibility of medicines in SND was discussed from the perspective of changes in biological effects and chemical compositions. In terms of biological effects, the mechanism of SND in treating heart failure, myocardial ischemia, myocardial hypertrophy and hypothyroidism and protecting cell injury were discussed. As to chemical composition changes, most studies have compared the changes of main components in Aconitum carmichaelii, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch ex DC and Zingiber officinale Roscoe with the whole prescription, drug pair and single Decoction, which further confirmed the effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch ex DC on the detoxification of Aconitum carmichaelii and the significance of compatibility efficiency of SND. For the application of differently processed varieties of Aconitum carmichaelii in SND, the treatment of different diseases has siginificant tendencies and differences in the selections of Aconitum carmichaelii processed varieties. This paper will lay a foundation on clarifying the mechanism of drug compatibility of SND and in the future, provide a reference for the proper selection of differently processed products of Aconitum carmichaelii in SND in order to exert better effects in clinical pratices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hao
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Huang Yi
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Liu Hong
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yang Ming
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine
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Yu T, Ji L, Lou L, Ye S, Fang X, Li C, Jiang F, Gao H, Lou Y, Li X. Fusobacterium nucleatum Affects Cell Apoptosis by Regulating Intestinal Flora and Metabolites to Promote the Development of Colorectal Cancer. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:841157. [PMID: 35369440 PMCID: PMC8971960 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.841157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Intestinal flora, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), can affect the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we examined the composition of intestinal flora and their metabolites in the tissues, serum and feces of CRC patients. Materials and Methods CRC tissues, adjacent normal colonic tissues, fecal and serum samples were collected from CRC patients who received surgical treatment between January 2018 and January 2020. Fecal and serum samples were collected from healthy individuals for comparison. In addition, fecal samples were collected from BALB/c female mice. SW480, a human CRC cell line, was utilized for in vitro studies. The experiments involved 1H-NMR-based metabolomics analysis, targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry analysis, and intestinal flora 16S rDNA V4 region sequencing. Results The abundance of Bacteroides and propionic acid concentration were decreased and that of Lactobacillus and lactic acid concentration were increased in CRC tissues. In addition, the abundances of Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and Sutterell were decreased in CRC patients. The levels of leucine and isoleucine were decreased in the serum and tumor tissues of CRC patients. Aspartate, glutamate and glutathione levels were elevated in the tissues of CRC patients only. The serum glutamine, tyrosine, valine, alanine, and histidine levels were decreased significantly. Lactic acid inhibited and propionic acid promoted apoptosis among SW480 CRC cells. Conclusion Fn affected the apoptosis of CRC cells and promoted the progression of CRC by affecting the distribution of intestinal flora, which altered the concentrations of metabolites such as lactic acid, propionic acid. Intestinal flora could regulate amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ling Ji
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liqin Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiqing Ye
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Fang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feizhao Jiang
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongchang Gao,
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Yongliang Lou,
| | - Xiang Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Xiang Li,
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Native and Engineered Probiotics: Promising Agents against Related Systemic and Intestinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020594. [PMID: 35054790 PMCID: PMC8775704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is a dynamic balance involving the interaction between the host intestinal mucosa, immune barrier, intestinal microecology, nutrients, and metabolites. Once homeostasis is out of balance, it will increase the risk of intestinal diseases and is also closely associated with some systemic diseases. Probiotics (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium spp.), maintaining the gut homeostasis through direct interaction with the intestine, can also exist as a specific agent to prevent, alleviate, or cure intestinal-related diseases. With genetic engineering technology advancing, probiotics can also show targeted therapeutic properties. The aims of this review are to summarize the roles of potential native and engineered probiotics in oncology, inflammatory bowel disease, and obesity, discussing the therapeutic applications of these probiotics.
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent, most lethal cancers in the world. Increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of CRC. The normal microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining gut barrier function and the immune microenvironment. Recent studies have identified carcinogenic bacteria such as enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), as well as protective bacterial such as Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), as potential targets of CRC treatment. Gut microbiota modulation aims to restore gut dysbiosis, regulate the intestinal immune system and prevent from pathogen invasion, all of which are beneficial for CRC prevention and prognosis. The utility of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary inventions to treat CRC makes them novel microbe-based management tools. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in bacteria-derived colorectal carcinogenesis and summarized novel bacteria-related therapies for CRC. In summary, we hope to facilitate clinical applications of intestinal bacteria for preventing and treating CRC.
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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5061570. [PMID: 34485534 PMCID: PMC8413023 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5061570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is the fourth therapy after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It has made great breakthroughs in the treatment of some epithelial tumors and hematological tumors. However, its adverse reactions are common or even more serious, and the response rate in some solid tumors is not satisfactory. With the maturity of genomics and metabolomics technologies, the effect of intestinal microbiota in tumor development and treatment has gradually been recognized. The microbiota may affect tumor immunity by regulating the host immune system and tumor microenvironment. Some bacteria help fight tumors by activating immunity, while some bacteria mediate immunosuppression to help cancer cells escape from the immune system. More and more studies have revealed that the effects and complications of tumor immunotherapy are related to the composition of the gut microbiota. The composition of the intestinal microbiota that is sensitive to treatment or prone to adverse reactions has certain characteristics. These characteristics may be used as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of immunotherapy and may also be developed as “immune potentiators” to assist immunotherapy. Some clinical and preclinical studies have proved that microbial intervention, including microbial transplantation, can improve the sensitivity of immunotherapy or reduce adverse reactions to a certain extent. With the development of gene editing technology and nanotechnology, the design and development of engineered bacteria that contribute to immunotherapy has become a new research hotspot. Based on the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and immunotherapy, the correct mining of microbial information and the development of reasonable and feasible microbial intervention methods are expected to optimize tumor immunotherapy to a large extent and bring new breakthroughs in tumor treatment.
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