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Yassa MK, Khattab NM. Assessment of advanced paediatric dentistry education programmes in Egypt: a survey of programme directors. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:196. [PMID: 38413960 PMCID: PMC10900615 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05176-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced paediatric dentistry education programmes (APDEPs) should follow specific standards to produce competent specialists. The current study assessed APDEPs in Egypt via an online questionnaire to programme directors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS An online questionnaire was distributed to the directors of fully operational degree-granting APDEPs in Egypt in June 2023. The survey instrument was based on the Accreditation Standards for Advanced Dental Education Programmes in Paediatric Dentistry developed by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA). RESULTS Directors of the sixteen fully operational APDEPs answered the questionnaire giving a 100% response rate. APDEPs, in Egypt, varied regarding the adequacy of teaching staff, facilities and resources, didactic instruction, clinical requirements, and research activities. CONCLUSION The current survey provides information about the strengths and weaknesses of fully operational degree-granting APDEPs in Egypt. This information can help maintain and improve the quality of these programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Yassa
- Paediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - N M Khattab
- Paediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shu W, Li M, Xiao H, Amaerjiang N, Khattab NM, Zunong J, Guan M, Vermund SH, Hu Y. Validation of "Life's Essential 8" Metrics With Cardiovascular Structural Status in Children: The PROC Study in China. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029077. [PMID: 37301752 PMCID: PMC10356051 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics for cardiovascular health (CVH) aid primordial prevention in US populations. Methods and Results We conducted a child cohort study (PROC [Beijing Child Growth and Health Cohort]) with baseline (2018-2019) and follow-up (2020-2021) assessments, enrolling disease-free 6- to 10-year-old children from 6 elementary schools in Beijing. We collected LE8-assessed components via questionnaire surveys and 3 cardiovascular structural parameters by 2-dimensional M-mode echocardiography: left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM index, and carotid intima-media thickness. Compared with 1914 participants (mean age, 6.6 years) at baseline, we saw lower mean CVH scores at follow-up (n=1789; 8.5 years). Among LE8 components, diet presented the lowest perfect-score prevalence (5.1%). Only 18.6% of participants had physical activity ≥420 min/wk, 55.9% had nicotine exposure, and 25.2% had abnormal sleep duration. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 26.8% at baseline and 38.2% at follow-up. We noted optimal blood lipid scores in 30.7%, while 12.9% of children had abnormal fasting glucose. Normal BP was 71.6% at baseline and 60.3% at follow-up. LVM (g), LVM index (g/m2.7), and carotid intima-media thickness (mm) were significantly lower in children with high (56.8, 33.2, 0.35) or moderate CVH scores (60.6, 34.6, 0.36), compared with children with low CVH scores (67.9, 37.1, 0.37). Adjusting for age/sex, LVM (β=11.8 [95% CI, 3.5-20.0]; P=0.005), LVM index (β=4.4 [95% CI, 0.5-8.3]; P=0.027), and carotid intima-media thickness (β=0.016 [95% CI, 0.002-0.030]; P=0.028) were higher in the low-CVH group. Conclusions CVH scores were suboptimal, declining with age. LE8 metrics indicated worse CVH in children with abnormal cardiovascular structural measurements, suggesting the validity of LE8 in assessing child CVH. Registration URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.html; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2100044027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Menglong Li
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huidi Xiao
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Nubiya Amaerjiang
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Nourhan M. Khattab
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiawulan Zunong
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Mengying Guan
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Liang T, Li D, Zunong J, Li M, Amaerjiang N, Xiao H, Khattab NM, Vermund SH, Hu Y. Interplay of Lymphocytes with the Intestinal Microbiota in Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214641. [PMID: 36364902 PMCID: PMC9657134 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally high lymphocyte counts are seen in persons with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a risk factor for NAFLD. We assessed the gut microbiota of 63 healthy children and 63 children with NAFLD using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing to explore the relationships. Compared with healthy children (HC group), the Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Akkermansia were less abundant, while the Actinobacteria were more abundant in children with NAFLD (FLD group). To understand the effect of lymphocytes on the gut microbiota of children with NAFLD, we compared the microbiota of 41 children with NAFLD and high numbers of lymphocytes (FLD_HL group) and 22 children with NAFLD and low numbers of lymphocytes (FLD_LL group). The abundances of Bacteroidetes, Verrucobacterium, and Akkermansia increased and Actinobacteria decreased in the FLD_LL group compared to the FLD_HL group. Akkermansia was negatively correlated with lymphocyte count. NAFLD may disturb the gut microbiota in children through reducing the abundance of Akkermansia and increasing the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria, such as Escherichia-Shigella. Conclusions: High lymphocyte counts are associated with disturbances of gut microbiota and emergence of opportunistic pathogens in children with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Dan Li
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510-3201, USA
| | - Jiawulan Zunong
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Menglong Li
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nubiya Amaerjiang
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huidi Xiao
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nourhan M. Khattab
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sten H. Vermund
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510-3201, USA
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-10-83911747
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Khattab NM, Vermund SH, Hu Y. How coronavirus disease 2019 entered Africa and the Middle East: a case study from Egypt. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:715-717. [PMID: 32785588 PMCID: PMC7454931 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We report the first person with SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt. Methods We interviewed the index case and contacts. Results The 36-year old man was healthy when he traveled on business to Wuhan, China in January 2020. Upon his return to Cairo, he became ill, went to work, and subsequent autochthonous viral spread occurred. Conclusion We linked SARS-CoV-2 importation to global business travel. The extent to which physical distancing, hand/face/surface hygiene, mask use, viral testing/contact tracing, restricted travel, small gatherings, and/or stay-in-residence mandates will be implemented and limit further spread in the Middle East and North Africa remains to be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Khattab
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 You'anmenwai Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sten H Vermund
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208034, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 You'anmenwai Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
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Huang D, Shu W, Li M, Ma J, Li Z, Gong J, Khattab NM, Vermund SH, Hu Y. Social Media Survey and Web Posting Assessment of the COVID-19 Response in China: Health Worker Attitudes Toward Preparedness and Personal Protective Equipment Shortages. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa400. [PMID: 33088845 PMCID: PMC7499695 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding health worker awareness, attitudes, and self-confidence in the workplace can inform local and global responses toward emerging infectious threats, like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Availability of accessible personal protective equipment (PPE) is vital to effective care and prevention. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey from February 24 to 28, 2020, to assess COVID-19 preparedness among health workers. In addition, we assessed trends from search engine web crawling and text-mining data trending over the Sina Weibo platform from January 1 to March 3, 2020. Data were abstracted on Chinese outbreak preparedness. RESULTS In the survey, we engaged 6350 persons, of whom 1065 agreed to participate, and after an eligibility logic check, 1052 participated (16.6%). We accessed 412 internet posts as to PPE availability. Health workers who were satisfied with current preparedness to address COVID-19 were more likely to be female, to obtain knowledge about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak from government organizations, and to consider their hospital prepared for outbreak management. Health workers with more confidence in their abilities to respond were those with more faith in their institution's response capacities. Elements of readiness included having airborne infection isolation rooms, visitor control procedures, and training in precautions and PPE use. Both survey and web post assessments suggested that health workers in need were unable to reliably obtain PPE. CONCLUSIONS Health workers' self-confidence depends on perceived institutional readiness. Failure to maintain available PPE inventory for emerging infectious diseases preparedness suggests a failure to learn key lessons from the 2003-2004 SARS outbreak in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Huang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Shu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Menglong Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juntao Ma
- Yisheng Yishi Medical (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Ziang Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - JiaJian Gong
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nourhan M Khattab
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sten H Vermund
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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