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Haxhiraj M, White K, Terry C. The Role of Fenugreek in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6987. [PMID: 39000103 PMCID: PMC11240913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is on the increase worldwide. Of growing concern, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and youths is increasing rapidly and mirrors the increasing burden of childhood obesity. There are many risk factors associated with the condition; some are due to lifestyle, but many are beyond our control, such as genetics. There is an urgent need to develop better therapeutics for the prevention and management of this complex condition since current medications often cause unwanted side effects, and poorly managed diabetes can result in the onset of related comorbidities. Naturally derived compounds have gained momentum for preventing and managing several complex conditions, including type 2 diabetes. Here, we provide an update on the benefits and limitations of fenugreek and its components as a therapeutic for type 2 diabetes, including its bioavailability and interaction with the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Haxhiraj
- Diabetes Interest Group, The Centre for Health and Life Sciences Research, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK
| | - Kenneth White
- Diabetes Interest Group, The Centre for Health and Life Sciences Research, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK
| | - Cassandra Terry
- Diabetes Interest Group, The Centre for Health and Life Sciences Research, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK
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Kiptoo J, Mekuriya Yadesa T, Ajayi CO, Kushemererwa O, Kantengwa A, Muyingo A. Effectiveness of Jena DM® Herbal Formulation as Complementary Therapy to Conventional Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Quasi-experimental Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e62649. [PMID: 39036260 PMCID: PMC11258422 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is vast preclinical evidence that indicates that extracts from several Artemisia plant species have significant antidiabetic benefits. However, clinical evidence is limited to this effect. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of Jena DM® (an Artemisia annua-based poly-herbal formulation) on glycemic control (Hb A1C) and insulin metabolism (HOMA), when administered as a complementary therapy in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was supported by a research grant (JRD005) from Jena Herbals (U) Ltd, which is a local herbal medicines manufacturing facility in Uganda. METHODS We conducted a 12-week quasi-experimental study, involving 118 patients under routine follow-up at a diabetes and endocrinology clinic. Random assignment to either conventional or experimental study groups was done using a random number generator (Microsoft Excel version 16.0). Participant sociodemographic and clinical data as well as whole blood samples (3-5 mL) were obtained at scheduled clinic visits. Medication adherence was assessed using the Hill-Bone Scale, and adverse drug events (ADEs) using the Naranjo causality and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS (DAIDS) scales. Group differences in glycemic control (HbA1C), fasting serum insulin (FSI) indices (% HOMA2-B, HOMA-IR), and other cardiometabolic parameters were assessed using independent samples t-test, and Pearson chi-square statistical tests were used. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Ethical approvals were obtained before the study commencement. RESULTS 12-week daily complementary therapy with Jena DM® showed no significant effect on Hb A1C reduction (0.1 (95% CI: -0.56, 0.80) %; p=0.798); however, we observed a significant reduction in total body weight (2.0 (95% CI: 0.73, 3.28) kg; p=0.002). The overall frequency of self-reported ADEs including dizziness was significantly higher among patients that used Jena DM® (p=0.001). Epigastric pain was the most severe ADE necessitating clinical management. There was no significant difference in the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) between study groups. CONCLUSION In contrast to a few studies that previously showed significant hypoglycemic effects of Artemisia-based extracts, this study did not show a statistically significant reduction on HbA1C during a 12-week complementary use of Jena DM® in patients with T2DM. Based on the findings of this study, future research should evaluate the long-term effects of Jena DM® on body weight, overall insulin metabolism, and the subsequent effect on glycemic control in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Kiptoo
- Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, UGA
| | | | | | | | - Adellah Kantengwa
- Diabetes & Endocrinology, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, UGA
| | - Anthony Muyingo
- Internal Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, UGA
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Cheng J, Li J, Xiong RG, Wu SX, Xu XY, Tang GY, Huang SY, Zhou DD, Li HB, Feng Y, Gan RY. Effects and mechanisms of anti-diabetic dietary natural products: an updated review. Food Funct 2024; 15:1758-1778. [PMID: 38240135 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04505f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a global public health issue, characterized by an abnormal level of blood glucose. It can be classified into type 1, type 2, gestational, and other rare diabetes. Recent studies have reported that many dietary natural products exhibit anti-diabetic activity. In this narrative review, the effects and underlying mechanisms of dietary natural products on diabetes are summarized based on the results from epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies. Some fruits (e.g., grape, blueberry, and cherry), vegetables (e.g., bitter melon and Lycium barbarum leaves), grains (e.g., oat, rye, and brown rice), legumes (e.g., soybean and black bean), spices (e.g., cinnamon and turmeric) and medicinal herbs (e.g., Aloe vera leaf and Nigella sativa), and vitamin C and carotenoids could play important roles in the prevention and management of diabetes. Their underlying mechanisms include exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation effects, inhibiting carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, enhancing insulin action, alleviating insulin resistance, modulating the gut microbiota, and so on. This review can provide people with a comprehensive knowledge of anti-diabetic dietary natural products, and support their further development into functional food to prevent and manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ruo-Gu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Si-Xia Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
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Willcox ML, Tai CJ, Chattopadhyay K, Hu XY, Heinrich M. Editorial: Clinical phytopharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1353483. [PMID: 38288085 PMCID: PMC10822887 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1353483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Merlin L. Willcox
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Chi-Jung Tai
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kaushik Chattopadhyay
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Primary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Group, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Vlase AM, Toiu A, Gligor O, Muntean D, Casian T, Vlase L, Filip A, Bȃldea I, Clichici S, Decea N, Moldovan R, Toma VA, Virag P, Crișan G. Investigation of Epilobium hirsutum L. Optimized Extract's Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:198. [PMID: 38256751 PMCID: PMC10819739 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Epilobium hirsutum L., commonly known as hairy willowherb, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe and Asia. In Romania, the Epilobium genus includes 17 species that are used in folk medicine for various purposes. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antitumor potential of the optimized extract of Epilobium hirsutum (EH) in animal models. The first study investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of EH optimized extract and the model used was carrageenan-induced paw inflammation. Wistar rats were divided into three groups: negative control, positive control treated with indomethacin, and a group treated with the extract. Oxidative stress markers, cytokine levels, and protein expressions were assessed. The extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties comparable to those of the control group. In the second study, the antitumor effects of the extract were assessed using the tumor model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Swiss albino mice with Ehrlich ascites were divided into four groups: negative, positive treated with cyclophosphamide (Cph), Group 3 treated with Cph and EH optimized extract, and Group 4 treated with extract alone. Samples from the ascites fluid, liver, and heart were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer markers. The extract showed a reduction in tumor-associated inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, the EH optimized extract exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects in the animal models studied. These findings suggest its potential as a natural adjuvant therapeutic agent for addressing inflammation and oxidative stress induced by different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Anca Toiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Octavia Gligor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Dana Muntean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Tibor Casian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Ioana Bȃldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.F.); (S.C.); (N.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Vlad-Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Institute of Biological Research, Branch of NIRDBS, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Piroska Virag
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță”, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gianina Crișan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.V.); (O.G.); (G.C.)
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Sachan K, Verma S, Arora K, Bharti U, Singh PK, Singh S. Traditional Herbal Medications Utilized in the Indian Medical System forthe Management of Diabetes: An Updated Review and Clinical Implications. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e230124226017. [PMID: 38275040 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998273029231121094725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Phytomedicine, also called botanical medicine, is the practice of using plants to treat disease. Diabetes, for example, has been treated and prevented with herbal medication for a lot longer than Western medicine. Worldwide, diabetes has become a major health concern. The management of diabetes and hyperglycemia, two of the most common public health threats, is far from ideal. When hyperglycemia persists or is not under control, diabetes-related complications, like blindness, lower limb amputations, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease, play a significant role in the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Although chemicals and biochemical agents can assist in managing diabetes, there is currently no complete cure for the disease. Herbal remedies are one of many methods that can be used to treat and prevent diabetes and its subsequent problems. Numerous traditional treatments have been discovered for diabetes as a result of extensive research efforts. However, there are many factors to consider when deciding which herbs to use, such as the patient's financial status, the presence or absence of co-morbidities, and the accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile of the herbs. This article focuses on the use of herbal and natural remedies in the treatment and prevention of diabetes, the mechanisms by which these remedies lower blood glucose levels, and the specific herbal items now utilized in the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Sachan
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suryakant Verma
- School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kunal Arora
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjwal Bharti
- ITS College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pranjal Kumar Singh
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smita Singh
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hassanpour S, Naghsh N, Yazdanpanahi N, Talebian N. Effect of zinc oxide nanocomposite and ginger extract on lipid profile, glucose, pancreatic tissue and expression of Gpx1 and Tnf-α genes in diabetic rat model. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:11. [PMID: 38085359 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08963-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a life-threatening health condition that requires expensive treatment and places a significant financial burden on society. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the potential of low and high concentrations of ginger extract, ZnO-NPs, and a combination of both to help manage diabetes and reduce high levels of lipids in diabetic rats. METHODS AND RESULTS The research focused on agglomerated nanoparticles under 100 nm, specifically ZnO nanoparticles. The size of the nanoparticles was determined using X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy analysis, with a monodisperse particle size distribution of 20 to 48 nm and an average size of 38 nm, as shown by dynamic light scattering. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of typical peaks of ginger extract and ZnO-NPs in the nanocomposite structure. The pancreatic tissue histopathological study indicated that a concentration of 10 mg/kg of the composite had the most significant antidiabetic effect compared to other treatments. Lower concentrations could significantly reduce and balance fasting blood sugar and triglycerides levels while also increasing the high-density lipoproteins levels. However, all treatments induced a significant decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins levels. Only metformin and ZnO-NPs in lower concentrations could decrease very low-density lipoproteins levels. The molecular technique showed that a low concentration of the composite led to the most significant decrease in Tnf-α gene expression compared to the diabetic group. The expression of the glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) gene in treated groups had no significant difference with the level of Gpx1 expression in the control rats. CONCLUSIONS In general, this study demonstrated that lower concentrations of the treatments, especially composite, were more effective for treating diabetic rats due to reduced pancreatic tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Hassanpour
- Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Naghsh
- Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Yazdanpanahi
- Department of Biotechnology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Talebian
- Department of Chemistry, Science faculty, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran
- Razi Chemistry Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran
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Dereje B, Nardos A, Abdela J, Terefe L, Arega M, Yilma TM, Tesfaye T. Antidiabetic Activities of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Verbascum Sinaiticum Benth (Scrophulariaceae) Leaves in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:423-436. [PMID: 37964792 PMCID: PMC10642538 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s437991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Because of the scarcity, high cost, and severe side effects of current medications, it is necessary to discover novel, safe, and affordable anti-diabetic drugs. The current study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic activities of Verbascum sinaiticum Benth leaves in mice. Methods Leaf coarse powder was extracted with 80% methanol and then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. The glucose-lowering effects of V. sinaiticum at 100, 200, and 400mg/kg were then studied. Glibenclamide was used as a positive control at a dose of 5 mg/kg. For oral glucose tolerance tests and hypoglycemia tests, Tween 2% was used as a negative control, while citrate buffer was used as a negative control for antihyperglycemic investigations. The results from the study were evaluated using one-way ANOVA, and then Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test was performed. Results Blood glucose levels were significantly reduced by the V. sinaiticum 80% methanol extract at 400 mg/kg (p<0.05). The blood glucose levels were significantly lowered by the aqueous residue at 400 mg/kg (p<0.05) and the ethyl acetate fractions at 200 mg/kg (p<0.01) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001); however, none of the fraction extracts resulted in hypoglycemic shock in healthy mice. Higher glucose tolerance was seen in orally glucose-loaded mice after exposure to 80% methanol extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.05), the aqueous residual fraction at 200 mg/kg (p<0.01), and the ethyl acetate fraction at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.05). The ethyl acetate fraction at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.01), the 80% methanol extract at 400 mg/kg (p<0.05) and the aqueous residue at 400 mg/kg (p 0.01) significantly lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that the 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of V. sinaiticum Benth leaves are endowed with antidiabetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyene Dereje
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Aschalew Nardos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Abdela
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Lidet Terefe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Melese Arega
- Department of Pharmacy, Pawi Health Science College, Pawi, Benishangul, Ethiopia
| | - Terfo Mikre Yilma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Tesfaye
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
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Sriraman S, Sreejith D, Andrew E, Okello I, Willcox M. Use of herbal medicines for the management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 53:101808. [PMID: 37977099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) use herbal medicines, some of which can improve glycaemic control. Providing evidence-based advice on herbal medicines could be an effective intervention to improve control of diabetes, if it is designed to address key needs and concerns of T2DM patients. AIM To understand the views and experiences of patients and health professionals on herbal treatments for self-management of T2DM. METHOD MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SOCIOFILE and Google Scholar were searched for qualitative studies in T2DM patients about their views on herbal medicines. Included papers were analysed using thematic synthesis. RESULTS Thirty-one papers (about 30 studies) were included: 20 from low-and-middle income countries, 10 from high income countries, and 1 internet-based study. Almost all studies from high income countries focussed on ethnic minorities. Many people with T2DM wanted a "cure", and often took advice from friends and family, but also traditional healers and mass media. However, they were reluctant to discuss herbal medicines with health professionals, whom they perceived as "closed-minded". They based their treatment decisions on personal experience (from "trial-and-error"), availability, cost and convenience of both herbal and conventional medicines. Most health professionals were reluctant to discuss herbal medicines, or recommended against their use, because of lack of knowledge and concerns about their quality, efficacy and potential interactions. CONCLUSION Evidence-based information could help to overcome the current lack of communication about herbal medicines between people with T2DM and health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Sriraman
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Devika Sreejith
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Evie Andrew
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Immaculate Okello
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
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Nguyen M, Thi BHB, Maskey S, Tran M, Nguyen Q. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant and antihyperglycemic potentials of phenolic fractions of Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC trunk-bark. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3875-3884. [PMID: 37457151 PMCID: PMC10345726 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Syzygium zeylanicum L. (DC) (SZL) has been used in antidiabetes treatment for ages. However, the scientific evidence of active agents that have antidiabetic activity and response against biological activities is limited. In this study, the active components of SZL trunk-bark extract (SZL extract) were identified using principal component analysis (PCA), and their antidiabetic activities were assessed. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and antihyperglycemic activities in the postprandial zebrafish model. The major antioxidant contributors were gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, ellagic acid, quercetin, caffeine, and apigenin, and their concentrated levels reduced α-amylase inhibitory activity, whereas rutin and ethyl gallate influenced the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This study showed the bio-functional properties of active phenolic compounds present in the SZL extract, potentially serving as a functional food to control hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh‐Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and EnvironmentTay Nguyen UniversityBuon Ma ThuotVietnam
- Faculty of Natural Science and TechnologyTay Nguyen UniversityBuon Ma ThuotVietnam
| | - Bich Huyen Bui Thi
- Institute of Biotechnology and EnvironmentTay Nguyen UniversityBuon Ma ThuotVietnam
| | - Shila Maskey
- Patan Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityPatanNepal
| | - Minh‐Dinh Tran
- Institute of Biotechnology and EnvironmentTay Nguyen UniversityBuon Ma ThuotVietnam
| | - Quang‐Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and EnvironmentTay Nguyen UniversityBuon Ma ThuotVietnam
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Elkomy NMIM, El-Shaibany A, Elnagar GM, Abdelkhalek AS, Al-Mahbashi H, Elaasser MM, Raweh SM, Aldiyarbi MA, Raslan AE. Evaluation of acute oral toxicity, anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of Aloe vera flowers extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116310. [PMID: 36863642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. is widely used in various traditional systems of medicine worldwide. Since over 5000 years ago, several cultures have used A. vera extract medicinally for conditions ranging from diabetes to eczema. It has been shown to reduce the symptoms of diabetes by enhancing insulin secretion and protecting pancreatic islets. AIM OF THE WORK This research study aimed to investigate the in-vitro antioxidant effect, the acute oral toxicity, and the possible pharmacological in-vivo anti-diabetic activity with histological examination of the pancreas of the standardized deep red A. vera flowers methanolic extracts (AVFME). MATERIALS AND METHODS The liquid-liquid extraction procedure and TLC technique were used to investigate chemical composition. Total phenolics and flavonoids in AVFME were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 colorimetric methods, respectively. The present study involved evaluating the in-vitro antioxidant effect of AVFME using ascorbic acid as the reference standard, an acute oral toxicity study by using thirty-six albino rats and different concentrations of AVFME (200 mg/kg, 2, 4, 8 and 10 g/kg b.w.). Furthermore, the in-vivo anti-diabetic study was performed on alloxan-induced diabetes in rats (120 mg/kg, I.P.) and two doses of AVFME (200 and 500 mg/kg b.w., orally) were used as compared to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, orally) as a standard hypoglycemic sulfonylurea medication. A histological examination of the pancreas was performed. RESULTS AVFME resulted in the highest phenolic content of 150.44 ± 4.62 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram (GAE/g) along with flavonoid content of 70.38 ± 0.97 mg of quercetin equivalent per gram (QE/g). An in-vitro study revealed that the antioxidant effect of AVFME was strong as ascorbic acid. The results of the in-vivo studies showed that the AVFME didn't cause any apparent toxicity signs or death in all groups at different doses which proves the safety of this extract with a wide therapeutic index. The antidiabetic activity of AVFME demonstrated a considerable drop in blood glucose levels as glibenclamide, without severe hypoglycemia or significant weight gain which is considered an advantage of AVFME over glibenclamide use. The histopathological study of pancreatic tissues confirmed the protective effect of AVFME on the pancreatic beta-cells. The extract is proposed to have antidiabetic activity through inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV). Molecular docking studies were conducted to understand possible molecular interactions with these enzymes. CONCLUSION AVFME represents a promising alternative source of active constituents against diabetes mellitus (DM) based on its oral safety, antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic activities, and pancreatic protective effects. These data revealed the antihyperglycemic activity of AVFME is mediated by pancreatic protective effects while significantly enhancing insulin secretion through increasing functioning beta cells. This suggests that AVFME has the potential as a novel antidiabetic therapy or a dietary supplement for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen M I M Elkomy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Amina El-Shaibany
- Pharmacognosy Department, University of Sana'a, Pharmacy College, Yemen.
| | - Gehad M Elnagar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Abdelkhalek
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Hassan Al-Mahbashi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sanaa, Yemen.
| | - Mahmoud M Elaasser
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, 11787, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salwa M Raweh
- Pharmacognosy Department, University of Sana'a, Pharmacy College, Yemen.
| | - Maha A Aldiyarbi
- Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali E Raslan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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Espinoza-Hernández FA, Moreno-Vargas AD, Andrade-Cetto A. Diabetes-Related Mechanisms of Action Involved in the Therapeutic Effect of Croton Species: A Systematic Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2014. [PMID: 37653931 PMCID: PMC10223760 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical investigations have been conducted to understand the potential effects of the Croton genus on several diseases. It has been revealed that these terpenoid-rich species traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, heal wounds, and relieve pain have a wide range of therapeutic effects; however, those used to treat diabetes, as well as their action mechanisms, have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to compile all Croton species that have shown pharmacological effects against diabetes and describe their action mechanisms. Through a search of the literature, 17 species with hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects were found. Among the mechanisms by which they exerted these effects were the inhibition of α-glucosidases, the promotion of insulin secretion, and the increase in glucose uptake. Interestingly, it was found that some of them may have antihyperglycemic properties, although there were no ethnopharmacological reports that support their traditional use. Moreover, others only presented studies on their hypoglycemic effect in fasting, so further works are encouraged to describe the mechanisms involved in lowering fasting blood glucose levels, such as hepatic glucose production, especially for C. cajucara, C. cuneatus, C. gratissimus var. gratissimus, C. guatemalensis, and C. membranaceus. It is expected that this review contributes to the plant science knowledge of the genus, and it can be used in future references on the identification and development of new molecules/phytomedicines that help in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Artemisa Espinoza-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Angelina Daniela Moreno-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX C.P. 04510, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX C.P. 04510, Mexico
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13
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Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Kalra S, Gaur R, Thakur K, Agarwal R. Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Glycaemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. TOUCHREVIEWS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY 2023; 19:25-32. [PMID: 37313231 PMCID: PMC10258621 DOI: 10.17925/ee.2023.19.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe public health issue notably impacting human life and health expenditure. It has been observed in literature that intermittent fasting (IF) addresses diabetes and its underlying cause, which benefits people with diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of IF treatment on glycaemic control in people with T2DM compared with control group. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies among patients with T2DM with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as an outcome was performed. A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar, for articles published before 24 April 2022, was done. Studies reporting 24 hours of complete fasting or intermittent restricted energy intake (feeding permitted for only 4-8 hours daily, with 16-20 hours of fasting) and reporting changes in HbA1c and fasting glucose levels were eligible. Meta-analysis was performed using Cochrane's Q statistic and the I2 statistical approach. Results: Eleven studies (13 arms) measuring the effect of IF on patients' HbA1c level were analysed. There was no statistically significant difference between IF and control groups (Standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.20 to 0.04;p=0.19, I2=22%). Overall, seven studies on patients' fasting blood glucose were analysed, and the meta-analysis revealed no significant difference between the two groups i.e. IF and control groups (SMD 0.06, 95% CI -0.25 to 0.38;p=0.69, I2=76%). Conclusion: IF and usual diet pattern have no difference in terms of glycaemic control. Although, IF may be used as a preventative diet pattern in the pre-diabetic population, as it works well in the long-term to achieve controlled sugar levels. Study registration: The protocol of this study was registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with a registration number CRD42022328528.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K Sharma
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Mudgal
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital and BRIDE, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Rakhi Gaur
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kalpana Thakur
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajat Agarwal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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Emeje M, Bekoe EO, Graz B, Willcox M. Traditional Medicine Development in Africa: Opinion. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2023. [PMID: 37036786 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martins Emeje
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology & Raw Materials Development, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Emelia Oppong Bekoe
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Bertrand Graz
- Department of Medicine, Antenna Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Clinical Medicine, Primary Care Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Saati S, Dehghan P, Azizi-Soleiman F, Mobasseri M. The effect of bitter almond (Amygdalus communis L. var. Amara) gum as a functional food on metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and mental health in type 2 diabetes women: a blinded randomized controlled trial protocol. Trials 2023; 24:35. [PMID: 36650599 PMCID: PMC9847170 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using functional foods in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased across the world owing to their availability, cultural acceptability, and lower side effects. The present study will aim to examine the impact of bitter almond (Amygdalus communis L. var. Amara) gum as a functional food on metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and mental health in women with T2DM. METHODS We will conduct a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 44 women with T2DM will be randomly allocated into two groups: an intervention group (n = 20) and a placebo group (n = 20). Patients will receive either 5 g/d of bitter melon gum or a placebo for 8 weeks. Clinical and biochemical outcome parameters which include glycemic indices, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress indices, tryptophan (Trp), kynurenine (KYN), cortisol, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gene expression, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), endothelial cell adhesion molecules, plasminogen, cluster deference 4 (CD4), cluster deference 8 (CD8), anthropometric indices, blood pressure, dietary intake, and mental health will be measured at the baseline and end of the study. Statistical analysis will be conducted using the SPSS software (version 24), and P value less than 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. DISCUSSION The present randomized controlled trial will aim to investigate any beneficial effects of bitter almond gum supplementation on the cardio-metabolic, immune-inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as mental health in women with T2DM. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR.TBZMED.REC.1399.726). TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( www.irct.ir/IRCT20150205020965N7 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Saati
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghan
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azizi-Soleiman
- grid.468130.80000 0001 1218 604XDepartment of Nutrition, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kicel A, Magiera A, Skrzywanek M, Malczuk M, Olszewska MA. The Inhibition of α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase and Protein Glycation by Phenolic Extracts of Cotoneaster bullatus, Cotoneaster zabelii, and Cotoneaster integerrimus Leaves and Fruits: Focus on Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity and Kinetic Parameters. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207081. [PMID: 36296676 PMCID: PMC9610465 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cotoneaster species have gained significant importance in traditional Asian medicine for their ability to prevent and treat hyperglycemia and diabetes. Therefore, in this study, some aspects of the beneficial health effects of hydromethanolic extracts of C. bullatus, C. zabelii, and C. integerrimus leaves and fruits were evaluated, including their influence on α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and nonenzymatic protein glycation. The activity was investigated in relation to the polyphenolic profile of the extracts determined by UV-spectrophotometric and HPLC-PDA-fingerprint methods. It was revealed that all leaf and fruit extracts are a promising source of biological components (caffeic acid pseudodepsides, proanthocyanidins, and flavonols), and the leaf extracts of C. bullatus and C. zabelii contain the highest levels of polyphenols (316.3 and 337.6 mg/g in total, respectively). The leaf extracts were also the most effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes and nonenzymatic protein glycation. IC50 values of 8.6, 41.8, and 32.6 µg/mL were obtained for the most active leaf extract of C. bullatus (MBL) in the α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and glycation inhibition tests, respectively. In the kinetic study, MBL was displayed as a mixed-type inhibitor of both enzymes. The correlations between the polyphenol profiles and activity parameters (|r| > 0.72, p < 0.05) indicate a significant contribution of proanthocyanidins to the tested activity. These results support the traditional use of Cotoneaster leaves and fruits in diabetes and suggest their hydrophilic extracts be promising in functional applications.
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Haskap Berry Leaves (Lonicera caerulea L.)—The Favorable Potential of Medical Use. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193898. [PMID: 36235552 PMCID: PMC9573050 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presented research evaluates the medical use potential of Lonicera caerulea leaves, which are waste plants in cultivating berries. The study’s screening activity included the leaves of five varieties of Lonicera caerulea: Atut, Duet, Wojtek, Zojka, and Jugana. The microbiological analysis confirmed the safety of using Lonicera caerulea leaves without significant stabilization. Lonicera caerulea leaves standardization was carried out based on the results of the chromatographic analysis, and it showed differences in the contents of active compounds (loganic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, and rutin), which are attributed to biological activity. For the Lonicera caerulea leaves varieties tested, the differences in the content of total polyphenol content, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were also confirmed. The screening of biological activity of five Lonicera caerulea leaf varieties was carried out concerning the possibility of inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase, lipase, and hyaluronidase as well, and the antioxidant potential was determined. The defined profile of the biological activity of Lonicera caerulea leaves makes it possible to indicate this raw material as an essential material supporting the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes. However, this research showed that tested enzymes were strongly inhibited by the variety Jugana. The health-promoting potential of Lonicera caerulea leaves was correlated with the highest chlorogenic acid and rutin content in the variety Jugana.
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