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Hadanny A, Sasson E, Copel L, Daniel-Kotovsky M, Yaakobi E, Lang E, Fishlev G, Polak N, Friedman M, Doenyas K, Finci S, Zemel Y, Bechor Y, Efrati S. Physical enhancement of older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:572. [PMID: 38961397 PMCID: PMC11220959 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is associated with a progressive decline in the capacity for physical activity. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of an intermittent hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) protocol on maximal physical performance and cardiac perfusion in sedentary older adults. METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial randomized 63 adults (> 64yrs) either to HBOT (n = 30) or control arms (n = 33) for three months. Primary endpoint included the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2Max) and VO2Max/Kg, on an E100 cycle ergometer. Secondary endpoints included cardiac perfusion, evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and pulmonary function. The HBOT protocol comprised of 60 sessions administered on a daily basis, for 12 consecutive weeks, breathing 100% oxygen at 2 absolute atmospheres (ATA) for 90 min with 5-minute air breaks every 20 min. RESULTS Following HBOT, improvements were observed in VO2Max/kg, with a significant increase of 1.91 ± 3.29 ml/kg/min indicated by a net effect size of 0.455 (p = 0.0034). Additionally, oxygen consumption measured at the first ventilatory threshold (VO2VT1) showed a significant increase by 160.03 ± 155.35 ml/min (p < 0.001) with a net effect size of 0.617. Furthermore, both cardiac blood flow (MBF) and cardiac blood volume (MBV) exhibited significant increases when compared to the control group. The net effect size for MBF was large at 0.797 (p = 0.008), while the net effect size for MBV was even larger at 0.896 (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The findings of the study indicate that HBOT has the potential to improve physical performance in aging adults. The enhancements observed encompass improvements in key factors including VO2Max, and VO2VT1. An important mechanism contributing to these improvements is the heightened cardiac perfusion induced by HBOT. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02790541 (registration date 06/06/2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadanny
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel.
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Efrat Sasson
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Laurian Copel
- Radiology Department, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Malka Daniel-Kotovsky
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Eldad Yaakobi
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Erez Lang
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Gregory Fishlev
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Nir Polak
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Mony Friedman
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Keren Doenyas
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Shachar Finci
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Yonatan Zemel
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Yair Bechor
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
| | - Shai Efrati
- Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Research and Development Unit, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Fosstveit SH, Berntsen S, Feron J, Joyce KE, Ivarsson A, Segaert K, Lucas SJE, Lohne-Seiler H. HIIT at Home: Enhancing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14694. [PMID: 38982665 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a 6-month home-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention to improve peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) and lactate threshold (LT) in older adults. METHODS Two hundred thirty-three healthy older adults (60-84 years; 54% females) were randomly assigned to either 6-month, thrice-weekly home-based HIIT (once-weekly circuit training and twice-weekly interval training) or a passive control group. Exercise sessions were monitored using a Polar watch and a logbook for objective and subjective data, respectively, and guided by a personal coach. The outcomes were assessed using a modified Balke protocol combining V̇O2peak and LT measures. General linear regression models assessed between-group differences in change and within-group changes for each outcome. RESULTS There was a significant between-group difference in the pre-to-post change in V̇O2peak (difference: 1.8 [1.2; 2.3] mL/kg/min; exercise: +1.4 [1.0; 1.7] mL/kg/min [~5%]; control: -0.4 [-0.8; -0.0] mL/kg/min [approximately -1.5%]; effect size [ES]: 0.35). Compared with controls, the exercise group had lower blood lactate concentration (-0.7 [-0.9; -0.4] mmol/L, ES: 0.61), % of peak heart rate (-4.4 [-5.7; -3.0], ES: 0.64), and % of V̇O2peak (-4.5 [-6.1; -2.9], ES: 0.60) at the intensity corresponding to preintervention LT and achieved a higher treadmill stage (% incline) at LT (0.6 [0.3; 0.8]; ES: 0.47), following the intervention. CONCLUSION This study highlights the effectiveness of a home-based HIIT intervention as an accessible and equipment-minimal strategy to induce clinically meaningful improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults. Over 6 months, the exercise group showed larger improvements in all outcomes compared with the control group. Notably, the LT outcome exhibited a more pronounced magnitude of change than V̇O2peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindre H Fosstveit
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sveinung Berntsen
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Jack Feron
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kelsey E Joyce
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Katrien Segaert
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hilde Lohne-Seiler
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Baumann M, Hill C, Camic C, Chomentowski P, Siqueira V, Petruzzello S, Sebastião E. An Investigation of the Sled-Push Exercise Using a Resisted Sled Machine in Apparently Healthy Older Adults: An Exploratory Study. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:416-427. [PMID: 38340712 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Physical function is regarded as the cornerstone of healthy aging, and exercise is an important determinant of healthy aging. This study examined the feasibility and physiological (heart rate, blood pressure, blood lactate, and rate of perceived exertion) and psychological (enjoyment) response resulting from an acute progressive sled-push (SLP) exercise session using the novel XPO Sled Trainer in older adults and compared that with walking (WKC) condition. The exercise session comprised six exercise bouts at 75%, 85%, 100% (2×), and 125% (2×) of normal velocity with a 2-min rest between bouts. Thirty-six older adults were randomly allocated into either the SLP or WKC conditions. No adverse events were observed during the exercise session, and all participants completed the exercise protocol as prescribed. One-third of the participants in the SLP group reported minimal body discomfort. Significantly higher responses were observed for all physiological variables as the intensity of the exercise increased in the SLP group compared with the WKC group (p < .001). The SLP group presented a decline in enjoyment as the intensity of the exercise increased (during), but similar enjoyment level than the WKC group for the overall exercise session (p = .711). Our findings support the viability and safety of SLP exercise using the XPO Sled Trainer in older adults. Such exercise demonstrated an intensity-driven modality that may have potential to elucidate positive adaptations in the cardiovascular system of older adults with acceptable levels of enjoyment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheal Baumann
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Hill
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Clayton Camic
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Peter Chomentowski
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Vitor Siqueira
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Steven Petruzzello
- Department of Kinesiology and Community, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Emerson Sebastião
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Lopez O, Kaushal N, Jaldin MA, Marquez DX. Latin Dance Effects on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Function in Middle-Aged and Older Latino Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:163-171. [PMID: 37989134 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
We tested if a dance trial yielded improvements in physical function and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in middle-aged/older Latino adults. Physical activity was assessed using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors, physical function with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) protocol, and estimated CRF with the Jurca nonexercise test model. Multivariate analysis of covariance models found significant change in SPPB protocol total scores, F(1, 329) = 4.23, p = .041, and CRF, F(1, 329) = 5.16, p = .024, between the two study arms in favor of the dance group. Mediation models found moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity to mediate to mediate between group and SPPB scores (β = 0.054, 95% confidence interval [0.0142, 0.1247]). Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity and total physical activity were found to partially mediate between group and CRF (β = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [-0.0261, 0.0751]), with the direct pathway no longer being significant (p > .05). This provides support for Latin dance programs to have an effect on SPPB protocol and CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lopez
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, Indiana University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michelle A Jaldin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David X Marquez
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Toro-Román V, Ferrer-Ramos P, Illera-Domínguez V, Pérez-Chirinos C, Fernández-Valdés B. Functionality, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory capacity in the elderly: relationships between functional and physical tests according to sex and age. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347093. [PMID: 38516209 PMCID: PMC10956101 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There are several tests that provide information about physical fitness and functionality in older adults. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze the differences between sex and age in functional, strength and cardiorespiratory tests; and (ii) to study the correlations between functional, strength and cardiorespiratory tests according to sex and age. Methods: A total of 171 older adults (72.09 ± 13.27 kg; 1.59 ± 0.09 m; 72.72 ± 6.05 years) were divided according to sex (men: n = 63; women: n = 108) and age (≥60 <70: n = 65; ≥70 <80: n = 89; ≥80: n = 18). Anthropometry, body composition, upper limb strength (hand grip; HG), lower limb strength (countermovement jump; CMJ), cardiorespiratory capacity (6 min walking test; 6MWT), timed up and go test (TUG) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were assessed. Results: Men showed higher values in CMJ height, HG and expired volume (VE) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between sexes in TUG and SPPB. Regarding age, there were significant differences in CMJ, VE and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), TUG, gait speed, chair and stand test and SPPB total (p < 0.05). The test times were higher in older people. Regarding correlations, the TUG showed significant correlations in all strength and cardiorespiratory tests, regardless of sex and age. The CMJ correlated more significantly with functional tests compared to HG. Discussion: There were sex and age differences in functional, strength, and cardiorespiratory tests. The execution of quick and low-cost tests such as the CMJ and TUG could provide information on overall physical fitness in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pau Ferrer-Ramos
- Department of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
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Dalamitros AA, Toupektsi E, Alexiou P, Nousiou S, Clemente-Suarez VJ, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Tsalis G. The Effectiveness of Water- versus Land-Based Exercise on Specific Measures of Physical Fitness in Healthy Older Adults: An Integrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:221. [PMID: 38255107 PMCID: PMC10815058 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As the population ages, maintaining an active lifestyle becomes increasingly vital to promote overall health and well-being in older individuals. Water- and land-based exercises have emerged as popular options, each offering a distinct set of benefits tailored to the unique needs of this population group. An electronic database search, including PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, was conducted until 15 September 2023, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, to investigate the effects of water-based compared to land-based exercise on selected fitness parameters in older healthy individuals. The eligibility criteria included studies with at least two groups of participants aged 60 and older, with physical fitness outcome measures. A total of ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. While both exercise modalities may offer significant benefits, this review's findings emphasized the absence of conclusive evidence and consensus for recommending a single exercise category applicable to aquatic or land environments and providing more definite guidance to improve health-related physical fitness parameters in healthy older individuals. Finally, combining both training approaches may lead to a comprehensive array of health benefits for this age group population by also considering individual's needs, preferences, and fitness goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios A. Dalamitros
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (P.A.); (S.N.); (G.T.)
| | - Eirini Toupektsi
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (P.A.); (S.N.); (G.T.)
| | - Panagiota Alexiou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (P.A.); (S.N.); (G.T.)
| | - Stamatia Nousiou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (P.A.); (S.N.); (G.T.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - George Tsalis
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (P.A.); (S.N.); (G.T.)
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Zeidan RS, McElroy T, Rathor L, Martenson MS, Lin Y, Mankowski RT. Sex differences in frailty among older adults. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112333. [PMID: 37993077 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
By definition, aging is a natural, gradual and continuous process. On the other hand, frailty reflects the increase in vulnerability to stressors and shortens the time without disease (health span) while longevity refers to the length of life (lifespan). The average life expectancy has significantly increased during the last few decades. A longer lifespan has been accompanied by an increase in frailty and decreased independence in older adults, with major differences existing between men and women. For example, women tend to live longer than men but also experience higher rates of frailty and disability. Sex differences prevent optimization of lifestyle interventions and therapies to effectively prevent frailty. Sex differences in frailty and aging are rooted in a complex interplay between uncontrollable (genetic, epigenetic, physiological), and controllable factors (psychosocial and lifestyle factors). Thus, understanding the underlying causes of sex differences in frailty and aging is essential for developing personalized interventions to promote healthy aging and improve quality of life in older men and women. In this review, we have discussed the key contributors and knowledge gaps related to sex differences in aging and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola S Zeidan
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Laxmi Rathor
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Matthew S Martenson
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
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Uwase E, Caru M, Curnier D, Abasq Meng M, Andelfinger G, Krajinovic M, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Périé D. Cardiac Mechanical Performance Assessment at Different Levels of Exercise in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:247-255. [PMID: 37278566 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a shortage of relevant studies interested in cardiac mechanical performance. Thus, it is clinically relevant to study the impact of cancer treatments on survivors' cardiac mechanical performance to improve our knowledge. The first objective of this study is to assess survivors' cardiac mechanical performance during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) using both ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) and cardiac work efficiency (CWE) from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) acquisitions. The second objective is to assess the impact of doxorubicin and dexrazoxane (DEX) treatments. METHODS A total of 63 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors underwent a CMR at rest on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging system, followed by a CPET on ergocycle. The CircAdapt model was used to study cardiac mechanical performance. At different levels of exercise, arterial elastance, end-systolic elastance, VAC, and CWE were estimated. RESULTS We observed significant differences between the different levels of exercise for both VAC ( P <0.0001) and CWE parameters ( P =0.001). No significant differences were reported between prognostic risk groups at rest and during the CPET. Nevertheless, we observed that survivors in the SR group had a VAC value slightly lower than heart rate (HR)+DEX and HR groups throughout the CPET. Moreover, survivors in the SR group had a CWE parameter slightly higher than HR+DEX and HR groups throughout the CPET. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that the combination of CPET, CMR acquisitions and CircAdapt model was sensitive enough to observe slight changes in the assessment of VAC and CWE parameters. Our study contributes to improving survivors' follow-up and detection of cardiac problems induced by doxorubicin-related cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidie Uwase
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique
| | - Maxime Caru
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
| | - Daniel Curnier
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal
| | - Delphine Périé
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique
- Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Research Center
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Braz de Oliveira MP, Moreira Padovez RDFC, Serrão PRMDS, de Noronha MA, Cezar NODC, Andrade LPD. Effectiveness of physical exercise at improving functional capacity in older adults living with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:391-402. [PMID: 35171074 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2037744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of physical exercise at improving functional capacity in older adults living with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Medline, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Lilacs, and PEDro were searched from inception until January 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported functional capacity outcomes were included. The evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS Thirteen RCTs were included, involving 811 older adults living with AD. Multimodal exercise (ME), aerobic exercise (AE), and resistance exercise (RE) were used. The interventions were mainly supervised by caregivers. The evidence was low and with effect for activities of daily living (ADLs), moderate and with no effect for mobility and very low and with no effect for muscle strength, postural balance and flexibility after treatment with ME, moderate and with no effect for cardiorespiratory function and ADLs after treatment with AE. It was not possible to synthesize any type of evidence for RE. CONCLUSIONS Multimodal exercise promotes improvements in functional capacity (ADLs). Therefore, the practice of physical exercise can be recommended for older adults living with AD. The involvement of the caregiver in the physical exercises should also be considered, as it could enhance the benefits of exercise for these older adults.Implications for rehabilitationHealthcare providers with clinical knowledge regarding physical exercise should promote, prescribe and support the daily practice of physical exercises for older adults living with Alzheimer's disease (AD).The involvement of caregivers in home-based physical exercise programs should be considered, as it could enhance the benefits of such programs for these older adults.It is important to consider the degree of cognitive impairment in older adults living with AD when outlining goals for the improvement in functional capacity through physical exercise.Multimodal exercise involving aerobic training, postural balance, muscle strengthening, and flexibility is capable of promoting an improvement in functional capacity (activities of daily living) for these older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira
- Physical Therapy Department, Healthy Aging Research Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Larissa Pires de Andrade
- Physical Therapy Department, Healthy Aging Research Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Fry MD, Wineinger TO, Long H, Guivernau M, Gano-Overway LA, Iwasaki S. The Influence of Climate on Flourishing and Motivational Outcomes for U.S. Masters Swimmers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1990. [PMID: 36767356 PMCID: PMC9915294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The climate in which older adults exercise and participate in sport may play a role in promoting a lifetime commitment to exercising. However, little research has examined the relationship of caring (C) and task-involving (TI) climates, motivation, and well-being with respect to older adult athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Masters swimmers' perceptions of the climate, effort, enjoyment, and flourishing as well as explore the mediating effects of effort and enjoyment on the relationship between climate and flourishing. U.S. Masters swimmers (n = 294; Mage = 63.57 years; 84.40% White) with 1-80 years of swimming experience (M = 34.54 years) participating in coach-led programs completed an online survey. The results of latent variable, multiple-mediator analyses via structural equation modeling revealed two important contributions to the literature: (1) when Masters swimmers perceived that they were in C and TI climates, they were more likely to report higher levels of effort and greater enjoyment and flourishing; (2) the Masters swimmers' effort levels directly influenced their flourishing, mediating the relationship between climates and flourishing. This research has important implications for practice and policy, as U.S. Masters Swimming appears to be a fruitful avenue for promoting an enjoyable physical activity that can be experienced throughout a lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary D. Fry
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Troy O. Wineinger
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Haiying Long
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Marta Guivernau
- School of Foundations, Leadership and Administration, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Lori A. Gano-Overway
- Department of Kinesiology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Susumu Iwasaki
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Fort Lewis College, Durango, CO 81301, USA
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11
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Long-Term Exercise Assistance: Group and One-on-One Interactions between a Social Robot and Seniors. ROBOTICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/robotics12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
For older adults, regular exercises can provide both physical and mental benefits, increase their independence, and reduce the risks of diseases associated with aging. However, only a small portion of older adults regularly engage in physical activity. Therefore, it is important to promote exercise among older adults to help maintain overall health. In this paper, we present the first exploratory long-term human–robot interaction (HRI) study conducted at a local long-term care facility to investigate the benefits of one-on-one and group exercise interactions with an autonomous socially assistive robot and older adults. To provide targeted facilitation, our robot utilizes a unique emotion model that can adapt its assistive behaviors to users’ affect and track their progress towards exercise goals through repeated sessions using the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS), while also monitoring heart rate to prevent overexertion. Results of the study show that users had positive valence and high engagement towards the robot and were able to maintain their exercise performance throughout the study. Questionnaire results showed high robot acceptance for both types of interactions. However, users in the one-on-one sessions perceived the robot as more sociable and intelligent, and had more positive perception of the robot’s appearance and movements.
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12
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Miller I, Climstein M, Vecchio LD. Functional Benefits of Hard Martial Arts for Older Adults: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2022; 15:1430-1443. [PMID: 36618333 PMCID: PMC9797003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present scoping review focused upon the functional benefits of hard martial arts training for older adults. The AXIS Critical Appraisal Tool was used to appraise all studies included in the review. A systematic literature search identified 265 papers via electronic database and ten papers from additional sources. Of these, six studies featuring 240 participants were included in the final scoping review. Of the included studies, three were randomized control trials and three were comparative studies with concurrent controls. The available studies outlined improvements in functional fitness parameters for older adults participating in hard martial arts training (strength 9.3-34%; mobility 9.5-13.6%; aerobic endurance 13.4%; flexibility 11.1-316.7%; balance 20.5%). However, inconsistencies in training stimulus and a limited number of studies highlight the need for further research before hard martial arts can be recommended for older adults. Based upon the limited available literature, to improve functional fitness, hard martial arts training should be conducted for 60 to 90 minutes, at least twice a week for a minimum of eleven weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Miller
- Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mike Climstein
- Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Research Theme, Southern Cross University, School of Health and Human Sciences, Bilinga, Queensland, AUSTRALIA
- Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AUSTRALIA
| | - Luke Del Vecchio
- Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Bilinga, AUSTRALIA
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13
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Singam NSV, Tabi M, Fleg JL. Cardiovascular Mechanisms of Exercise Intolerance in Older Patients with Heart Failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:313. [PMID: 39077720 PMCID: PMC11262358 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2309313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise intolerance, measured by peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2), is a hallmark feature of heart failure (HF). The effect is compounded in the elderly HF patient by aging-associated changes such as a reduction in lean muscle mass, an increase in adiposity, and a reduction in maximal heart rate and peripheral blood flow with exercise. There is a non-linear reduction in peak V̇O2 with age that accelerates in the later decades of life. Peak V̇O2 is further reduced due to central and peripheral maladaptation from HF. Central mechanisms include impaired peak heart rate, stroke volume, contractility, increased filling pressures, and a blunted vasodilatory response. Peripheral mechanisms include endothelial dysfunction, reduced blood flow to muscles, and impaired skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. This review presents a focused update on mechanisms leading to impaired aerobic capacity in older HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Sarma V. Singam
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55903, USA
- Department of Critical Care, Washington Hospital Center Washington DC, 20010, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC, 20010, USA
| | - Meir Tabi
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55903, USA
| | - Jerome L. Fleg
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Lefferts WK, Davis MM, Valentine RJ. Exercise as an Aging Mimetic: A New Perspective on the Mechanisms Behind Exercise as Preventive Medicine Against Age-Related Chronic Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:866792. [PMID: 36045751 PMCID: PMC9420936 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.866792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related chronic diseases are among the most common causes of mortality and account for a majority of global disease burden. Preventative lifestyle behaviors, such as regular exercise, play a critical role in attenuating chronic disease burden. However, the exact mechanism behind exercise as a form of preventative medicine remains poorly defined. Interestingly, many of the physiological responses to exercise are comparable to aging. This paper explores an overarching hypothesis that exercise protects against aging/age-related chronic disease because the physiological stress of exercise mimics aging. Acute exercise transiently disrupts cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and brain function and triggers a substantial inflammatory response in a manner that mimics aging/age-related chronic disease. Data indicate that select acute exercise responses may be similar in magnitude to changes seen with +10-50 years of aging. The initial insult of the age-mimicking effects of exercise induces beneficial adaptations that serve to attenuate disruption to successive "aging" stimuli (i.e., exercise). Ultimately, these exercise-induced adaptations reduce the subsequent physiological stress incurred from aging and protect against age-related chronic disease. To further examine this hypothesis, future work should more intricately describe the physiological signature of different types/intensities of acute exercise in order to better predict the subsequent adaptation and chronic disease prevention with exercise training in healthy and at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley K. Lefferts
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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15
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Cong T, Hall AJ, Jia Z, Christiano A, Elsevier HCK, Cheung ZB, Wellman D, Forsh D, Lane JM. Conceptualizing Biological Aging and Frailty in Orthopaedics: A Framework for Clinical Practice. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2022; 104:1212-1222. [PMID: 35275895 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.21.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
➤ Biological aging can best be conceptualized clinically as a combination of 3 components: frailty, comorbidity, and disability. ➤ Despite advancements in the understanding of senescence, chronological age remains the best estimate of biological age. However, a useful exercise for practitioners is to look beyond chronological age in clinical and surgical decision-making. ➤ A chronologically aging person does not age biologically at the same rate. ➤ The best way to understand frailty is to consider it as a physical phenotype. ➤ Physical optimization should parallel medical optimization before elective surgery. ➤ The poorer the host (both in terms of bone quality and propensity for healing), the more robust the implant construct must be to minimize reliance on host biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Arielle J Hall
- Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey
| | - Zhimeng Jia
- Temmy Latner Centre for Palliative Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony Christiano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hannah C K Elsevier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zoe B Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - David Wellman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Westchester, New York
| | - David Forsh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Joseph M Lane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
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16
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Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function 10 Years after the Ultra-Endurance Running Event Eco-Trail de Paris® 2011. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148268. [PMID: 35886119 PMCID: PMC9318254 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Regular and moderate physical activity is beneficial for physical and mental health, resulting in an increase in life expectancy for both sexes. From a cardiovascular point of view, although the benefits of regular moderate physical exercise have been established, the long-term effects of repeated ultra-endurance running events are still unknown. Hypothesis: The aim of our study is to evaluate the 10-year evolution of the parameters of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions of amateur subjects regularly practising ultra-endurance running events using resting echocardiography. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Level of evidence: Level 3—non-randomized controlled cohort/follow-up study. Methods: The 66 participants who participated in the 2011 edition of the Eco-Trail de Paris® were contacted by e-mail. Demographic data, sports practice, and the results of an echocardiography scan carried out during the year 2021 evaluating left ventricular systolic and diastolic function variables were collected. Echographic variables from 2011 and 2021 were compared using the paired Student’s t-test. Results: Forty-six (70%) participants responded positively. Twenty (30%) participants could not be reached and were not analysed. Of the 46 respondents, 42 (91%) provided data from a trans-thoracic cardiac ultrasound performed in 2021. Over the past 10 years, the participants reported having completed an average of 4 ± 2 ultra-trails per year. No significant differences were observed between left ventricular diastolic and systolic echocardiographic parameters between the years 2011 and 2021. Conclusions: Among amateur participants, long-distance running is not associated with an alteration in the echocardiographic parameters of resting left ventricular systolic and diastolic function after 10 years of practice. Clinical relevance: Long-term long-distance running practice is not associated with left ventricular cardiac function alteration. These results suggest a potential adaptation role of the cardiovascular system to regular and moderate long-distance running practice.
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17
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Cuomo G, Di Lorenzo A, Tramontano A, Iannone FP, D’Angelo A, Pezzella R, Testa C, Parlato A, Merone P, Pacileo M, D’Andrea A, Cudemo G, Venturini E, Iannuzzo G, Vigorito C, Giallauria F. Exercise Training in Patients with Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Exercise Prescription. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:144. [PMID: 39076241 PMCID: PMC11273657 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2304144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, progressive, and inexorable syndrome affecting worldwide billion of patients (equally distributed among men and women), with prevalence estimate of 1-3% in developed countries. HF leads to enormous direct and indirect costs, and because of ageing population, the total number of HF patients keep rising, approximately 10% in patients > 65 years old. Exercise training (ET) is widely recognized as an evidence-based adjunct treatment modality for patients with HF, and growing evidence is emerging among elderly patients with HF. We used relevant data from literature search (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE) highlighting the epidemiology of HF; focusing on central and peripheral mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of ET in HF patients; and on frail HF elderly patients undergoing ET. Since many Countries ordered a lockdown in early stages pandemic trying to limit infections, COVID-19 pandemic, and its limitation to exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation operativity was also discussed. ET exerts both central and peripheral adaptations that clinically translate into anti-remodeling effects, increased functional capacity and reduced morbidity and mortality. Ideally, ET programs should be prescribed in a patient-tailored approach, particularly in frail elderly patients with HF. In conclusion, given the complexity of HF syndrome, combining, and tailoring different ET modalities is mandatory. A procedural algorithm according to patient's baseline clinical characteristics [i.e., functional capacity, comorbidity, frailty status (muscle strength, balance, usual daily activities, hearing and vision impairment, sarcopenia, and inability to actively exercise), logistics, individual preferences and goals] has been proposed. Increasing long-term adherence and reaching the frailest patients are challenging goals for future initiatives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Tramontano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Paola Iannone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea D’Angelo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Pezzella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parlato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Merone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Pacileo
- Division of Cardiology/UTIC, “Umberto I" Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (ASL Salerno), 84014 Nocera Inferiore (SA), Italy
| | - Antonello D’Andrea
- Division of Cardiology/UTIC, “Umberto I" Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (ASL Salerno), 84014 Nocera Inferiore (SA), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cudemo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Elio Venturini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, 57023 LI Cecina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
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18
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Dikshit MB. Cardiovascular Responses to Commonly Used Tests in and Outside of the Laboratory Settings. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSeveral tests are available for assessing cardiovascular response to various interventions which may be given in the laboratory, or outside of it in the field. The tests are meant to excite or deactivate cardiovascular and other sensory receptors which signal the central mechanisms. They have been found useful in generating data to study cardiovascular effects on subjects exposed to specialized physical training (e.g., athletes), in the evaluation of people engaged in special occupations such as pilots, astronauts, and other military personnel, and in training undergraduate and postgraduate students. If the response does not fit into the physiological norm, it may reflect a temporary aberration, or a more serious defect in the cardiovascular control mechanism because of disease. Interpretation of data generated may vary between various operators/observers. Here, an attempt has been made to bring out responses of the cardiovascular system to the commonly used tests, and their applicability in clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan B. Dikshit
- Formerly Department of Physiology and Clinical Physiology, College of Medicine and Sultan Qaboos Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Formerly Department of Physiology, Maharashtra Institute of Medical Education and Research Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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19
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Giallauria F, Strisciuglio T, Cuomo G, Di Lorenzo A, D'Angelo A, Volpicelli M, Izzo R, Manzi MV, Barbato E, Morisco C. Exercise Training: The Holistic Approach in Cardiovascular Prevention. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:561-577. [PMID: 34724167 PMCID: PMC8590648 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-021-00482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there are robust clinical and pathophysiological evidence supporting the beneficial effects of physical activity on cardiovascular (CV) system. Thus, the physical activity is considered a key strategy for CV prevention. In fact, exercise training exerts favourable effects on all risk factors for CV diseases (i.e. essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc…). In addition, all training modalities such as the aerobic (continuous walking, jogging, cycling, etc.) or resistance exercise (weights), as well as the leisure-time physical activity (recreational walking, gardening, etc) prevent the development of the major CV risk factors, or delay the progression of target organ damage improving cardio-metabolic risk. Exercise training is also the core component of all cardiac rehabilitation programs that have demonstrated to improve the quality of life and to reduce morbidity in patients with CV diseases, mostly in patients with coronary artery diseases. Finally, it is still debated whether or not exercise training can influence the occurrence of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. In this regard, there is some evidence that exercise training is protective predominantly for atrial arrhythmias, reducing the incidence of atrial fibrillation. In conclusion, the salutary effects evoked by physical acitvity are useful in primary and secondary CV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Strisciuglio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea D'Angelo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Volpicelli
- Department of Cardiology, "Santa Maria della Pietà" Hospital (ASL Napoli 3 Sud), 80035, Nola, NA, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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20
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Murri MB, Amore M, Menchetti M, Toni G, Neviani F, Cerri M, Rocchi MBL, Zocchi D, Bagnoli L, Tam E, Buffa A, Ferrara S, Neri M, Alexopoulos GS, Zanetidou S. Physical Exercise for Late-Life Major Depression. FOCUS: JOURNAL OF LIFE LONG LEARNING IN PSYCHIATRY 2021; 19:365-373. [PMID: 34690606 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.19306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(Reprinted with permission from Br J Psychiatry 2005; 207: 235-242).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Belvederi Murri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - M Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - M Menchetti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - G Toni
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - F Neviani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - M Cerri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - M B L Rocchi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - D Zocchi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - L Bagnoli
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - E Tam
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - A Buffa
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - S Ferrara
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - M Neri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - G S Alexopoulos
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
| | - S Zanetidou
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, and Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna; Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino; primary care physicians, Bologna; Department of Movement and Neurological Sciences, University of Verona; Unit of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrology, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna; Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy; the Safety and Efficacy of Exercise for Depression in Seniors (SEEDS) Study Group
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21
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Guía ESC 2020 sobre cardiología del deporte y el ejercicio en pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular. Rev Esp Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Pelliccia A, Sharma S, Gati S, Bäck M, Börjesson M, Caselli S, Collet JP, Corrado D, Drezner JA, Halle M, Hansen D, Heidbuchel H, Myers J, Niebauer J, Papadakis M, Piepoli MF, Prescott E, Roos-Hesselink JW, Graham Stuart A, Taylor RS, Thompson PD, Tiberi M, Vanhees L, Wilhelm M. 2020 ESC Guidelines on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:17-96. [PMID: 32860412 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 751] [Impact Index Per Article: 250.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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23
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Giallauria F, Di Lorenzo A, Venturini E, Pacileo M, D’Andrea A, Garofalo U, De Lucia F, Testa C, Cuomo G, Iannuzzo G, Gentile M, Nugara C, Sarullo FM, Marinus N, Hansen D, Vigorito C. Frailty in Acute and Chronic Coronary Syndrome Patients Entering Cardiac Rehabilitation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1696. [PMID: 33920796 PMCID: PMC8071180 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide population ageing is partly due to advanced standard of care, leading to increased incidence and prevalence of geriatric syndromes such as frailty and disability. Hence, the age at the onset of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) keeps growing as well. Moreover, ageing is a risk factor for both frailty and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Frailty and CVD in the elderly share pathophysiological mechanisms and associated conditions, such as malnutrition, sarcopenia, anemia, polypharmacy and both increased bleeding/thrombotic risk, leading to a negative impact on outcomes. In geriatric populations ACS is associated with an increased frailty degree that has a negative effect on re-hospitalization and mortality outcomes. Frail elderly patients are increasingly referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs after ACS; however, plans of care must be tailored on individual's clinical complexity in terms of functional capacity, nutritional status and comorbidities, cognitive status, socio-economic support. Completing rehabilitative intervention with a reduced frailty degree, disability prevention, improvement in functional state and quality of life and reduction of re-hospitalization are the goals of CR program. Tools for detecting frailty and guidelines for management of frail elderly patients post-ACS are still debated. This review focused on the need of an early identification of frail patients in elderly with ACS and at elaborating personalized plans of care and secondary prevention in CR setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Anna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Elio Venturini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, 57023 Cecina (LI), Italy;
| | - Mario Pacileo
- Division of Cardiology/UTIC, “Umberto I” Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (ASL Salerno), 84014 Nocera Inferiore (SA), Italy; (M.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Antonello D’Andrea
- Division of Cardiology/UTIC, “Umberto I” Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (ASL Salerno), 84014 Nocera Inferiore (SA), Italy; (M.P.); (A.D.)
- Division of Cardiology, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Garofalo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Felice De Lucia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Gianluigi Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Gentile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.G.)
| | - Cinzia Nugara
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Filippo M Sarullo
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Nastasia Marinus
- REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, BE3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (N.M.); (D.H.)
- BIOMED-Biomedical Research Center, Hasselt University, BE3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, BE3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (N.M.); (D.H.)
- BIOMED-Biomedical Research Center, Hasselt University, BE3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, BE3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (U.G.); (F.D.L.); (C.T.); (G.C.); (C.V.)
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Giallauria F. The Timed Up and Go test and the ageing heart: findings from a national health screening of 1,084,875 community-dwelling older adults. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 28:211-212. [PMID: 33611424 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319888602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Italy
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25
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Zhang S, Xiang K, Li S, Pan HF. Physical activity and depression in older adults: the knowns and unknowns. Psychiatry Res 2021; 297:113738. [PMID: 33515871 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive and updated review of the literature with respect to the relationship between physical activity and depression in older adults. The evidence from both observational studies and experimental studies are collected to present a discussion on the type and dose of physical activity, as well as the underlying mechanisms of physical activity and depression in older adults. Overall, the results from previous studies support a solid inverse relationship between physical activity and depression in older adults, while the dose-effect relationship between them, as well as different effects among different types of physical activities, remains largely unexplored. Depression in older adults is related to an array of negative health outcomes and is more chronic compared to that in younger adults. Physical activity has been regarded as a promising non-pharmaceutical method in treating and preventing depression in older adults. Further experimental work and research need to be done to develop theoretically grounded and evidence-based interventions to better advance our knowledge of this topic and effectively promote physical activity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Anhui University of Finance & Economics, 960 Cao Shan Road, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
| | - Kun Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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26
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Testa C, DI Lorenzo A, Parlato A, D'Ambrosio G, Merolla A, Pacileo M, Iannuzzo G, Gentile M, Nugara C, Sarullo FM, DE Gregorio C, D'Andrea A, Vigorito C, Venturini E, Giallauria F. Exercise for slowing the progression of atherosclerotic process: effects on inflammatory markers. Panminerva Med 2021; 63:122-132. [PMID: 33565757 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a dynamic process driven by all cardiovascular risk factors that can be briefly divided into an early and a late phase. Inflammation is one of the fundamental substrates that initiates the atherosclerotic process in the early stages and promotes and maintains it in the final stages. In the last decades, clinical and experimental data have shown that inflammation is supported by mediators that respond to physical activity. The present review aimed at investigating the effect of physical exercise on inflammatory mediators, both the positive ones that have a proinflammatory effect (interleukin 6, c-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, high-mobility group box-1), and the negative ones which have an anti-inflammatory effect (interleukin 10). Pooled data support the evidence that physical exercise can directly modulate the activity of inflammatory cytokines slowing down or preventing the formation of the atherosclerotic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crescenzo Testa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna DI Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parlato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Ambrosio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Merolla
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Pacileo
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, "Umberto I" Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Gentile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Nugara
- Unit of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo M Sarullo
- Unit of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare DE Gregorio
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Post-graduate Residency School in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonello D'Andrea
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, "Umberto I" Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Salerno, Italy
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Elio Venturini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, AUSL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, Cecina, Livorno, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy - .,Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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27
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Bose C, Alves I, Singh P, Palade PT, Carvalho E, Børsheim E, Jun S, Cheema A, Boerma M, Awasthi S, Singh SP. Sulforaphane prevents age-associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13261. [PMID: 33067900 PMCID: PMC7681049 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage are primary causes for multiple health problems including sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Though the role of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates cytoprotective gene expression, in myopathy remains poorly defined, it has shown beneficial properties in both sarcopenia and CVD. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural compound Nrf2-related activator of cytoprotective genes, provides protection in several disease states including CVD and is in various stages of clinical trials, from cancer prevention to reducing insulin resistance. This study aimed to determine whether SFN may prevent age-related loss of function in the heart and skeletal muscle. Cohorts of 2-month-old and 21- to 22-month-old mice were administered regular rodent diet or diet supplemented with SFN for 12 weeks. At the completion of the study, skeletal muscle and heart function, mitochondrial function, and Nrf2 activity were measured. Our studies revealed a significant drop in Nrf2 activity and mitochondrial functions, together with a loss of skeletal muscle and cardiac function in the old control mice compared to the younger age group. In the old mice, SFN restored Nrf2 activity, mitochondrial function, cardiac function, exercise capacity, glucose tolerance, and activation/differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells. Our results suggest that the age-associated decline in Nrf2 signaling activity and the associated mitochondrial dysfunction might be implicated in the development of age-related disease processes. Therefore, the restoration of Nrf2 activity and endogenous cytoprotective mechanisms by SFN may be a safe and effective strategy to protect against muscle and heart dysfunction due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhanda Bose
- Division of Hematology & Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Medical Sciences Center Lubbock TX USA
| | - Ines Alves
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute Little Rock AR USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Preeti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Philip T. Palade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute Little Rock AR USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute Little Rock AR USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Se‐Ran Jun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Amrita Cheema
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology Georgetown University Medical Center Washington DC USA
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Medical Sciences Center Lubbock TX USA
| | - Sharda P. Singh
- Division of Hematology & Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Medical Sciences Center Lubbock TX USA
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van Dam K. Individual Stress Prevention through Qigong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197342. [PMID: 33050017 PMCID: PMC7579037 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to work intensification and an accelerated pace of life in general, individuals in many Western countries are often overactivated and find it difficult to switch off. However, recovery from physiological and mental activation is critical to prevent stress symptoms and maintain one’s physiological and mental well-being. Extensive research evidence indicates that Qigong, a traditional Chinese movement practice for promoting health, provides an effective means to recover from work and off-work demands. The main objective of this paper is to offer a comprehensive, narrative review of the effects of Qigong and its core components. Attention is first paid to the outcomes of work and off-work demands and stress, and the role of recovery for individuals’ well-being. Then, Qigong and its components are explained, followed by the results of scientific research. Finally, limitations and implications for research and practiced are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen van Dam
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands
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Cerda-Lugo A, González A, Cardenas A, Piovesan D. Modeling the neuro-mechanics of human balance when recovering from a fall: a continuous-time approach. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:67. [PMID: 32867771 PMCID: PMC7457816 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-00811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Balance control deteriorates with age and nearly 30% of the elderly population in the United States reports stability problems. Postural stability is an integral task to daily living reliant upon the control of the ankle and hip. To this end, the estimation of joint parameters can be a useful tool when analyzing compensatory actions aimed at maintaining postural stability. METHODS Using an analytical approach, this study expands on previous work and analyzes a two degrees of freedom human model. The first two modes of vibration of the system are represented by the neuro-mechanical parameters of a second-order, time-varying Kelvin-Voigt model actuated at the ankle and hip. The model is tested using a custom double inverted pendulum and healthy volunteers who were subjected to a positional step-like perturbation during quiet standing. An in silico sensitivity analysis of the influence of inertial parameters was also performed. RESULTS The proposed method is able to correctly identify the time-varying visco-elastic parameters of of a double inverted pendulum. We show that that the parameter estimation method can be applied to standing humans. These results appear to identify a subject-independent strategy to control quiet standing that combines both the modulation of stiffness, and the use of an intermittent control. CONCLUSIONS This paper presents the analysis of the non-linear system of differential equations representing the control of lumped muscle-tendon units. It utilizes motion capture measurements to obtain the estimates of the system's control parameters by constructing a simple time-dependent regressor for estimating the time-varying parameters of the control with a single perturbation. This work is a step forward into the understanding of the neuro-mechanical control parameters of human recovering from a fall. In previous literature, the analysis is either restricted to the first vibrational mode of an inverted-pendulum model or assumed to be time-invariant. The proposed method allows for the analysis of hip related movement for stability control and highlights the importance of core training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cerda-Lugo
- Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Alejandro González
- Faculty of Engineering, CONACyT-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Cardenas
- Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Davide Piovesan
- Biomedical, Industrial and Systems Engineering Department, Gannon University, Erie, PA, USA
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Makpol S, Abdul Sani NF, Hakimi NH, Ab Rani N, Zakaria SNA, Abd Rasid AF, Gunasekaran G, Mohd Sahardi NFN, Tan JK, Abd Ghafar N, Mad Nordin MF. Zingiber officinale Roscoe Prevents DNA Damage and Improves Muscle Performance and Bone Integrity in Old Sprague Dawley Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1-18. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/3823780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength or sarcopenia is attributed to the high level of oxidative stress and inadequate nutritional intake. The imbalance in oxidative status with increased production of free radicals results in damage to the DNA which leads to cell dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the effect of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) on muscle performance and bone integrity in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. SD rats aged three (young), nine (adult), and twenty-one (old) months old were treated with either distilled water or ginger extract at a concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) daily for 3 months via oral gavage. Muscle performance was assessed at 0, 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment by measuring muscle strength, muscle function, and bone integrity while DNA damage was determined by comet assay. Muscle cell histology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Young and adult ginger-treated rats showed a significant improvement in muscle strength after 3 months of supplementation. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were increased while fat free mass (FMM) was decreased after 3 months of ginger supplementation in young rats but not changed in adult and old ginger supplemented groups. Interestingly, supplementation of ginger for 3 months to the old rats decreased the level of damaged DNA. Histological findings showed reduction in the size of muscle fibre and fascicles with heterogenous morphology of the muscle fibres indicating sarcopenia was evident in old rats. Treatment with ginger extract improved the histological changes even though there was evidence of cellular infiltration (mild inflammation) and dilated blood vessels. In conclusion, Z. officinale Roscoe prevents DNA damage and improves muscle performance and bone integrity in SD rats indicating its potential in alleviating oxidative stress in ageing and thus delaying sarcopenia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fathiah Abdul Sani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Haleeda Hakimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Ab Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Asyikin Zakaria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fais Abd Rasid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Geetha Gunasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fatin Nabilah Mohd Sahardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Level 17 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Norzana Abd Ghafar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Level 18 Preclinical Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Firdhaus Mad Nordin
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
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Venturini E, Iannuzzo G, D’Andrea A, Pacileo M, Tarantini L, Canale M, Gentile M, Vitale G, Sarullo F, Vastarella R, Di Lorenzo A, Testa C, Parlato A, Vigorito C, Giallauria F. Oncology and Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Underrated Relationship. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1810. [PMID: 32532011 PMCID: PMC7356735 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are globally the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. These conditions are closely related, beyond that of sharing many risk factors. The term bidirectional relationship indicates that cardiovascular diseases increase the likelihood of getting cancer and vice versa. The biological and biochemical pathways underlying this close relationship will be analyzed. In this new overlapping scenario, physical activity and exercise are proven protective behaviors against both cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Many observational studies link an increase in physical activity to a reduction in either the development or progression of cancer, as well as to a reduction in risk in cardiovascular diseases, a non-negligible cause of death for long-term cancer survivors. Exercise is an effective tool for improving cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of life, psychological wellbeing, reducing fatigue, anxiety and depression. Finally, it can counteract the toxic effects of cancer therapy. The protection obtained from physical activity and exercise will be discussed in the various stages of the cancer continuum, from diagnosis, to adjuvant therapy, and from the metastatic phase to long-term effects. Particular attention will be paid to the shelter against chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cardiovascular risk factors or new onset cardiovascular diseases. Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation is an exercise-based multi-component intervention, starting from the model of Cardiac Rehabilitation, with few modifications, to improve care and the prognosis of a patient's cancer. The network of professionals dedicated to Cardiac Rehabilitation is a ready-to-use resource, for implementing Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Venturini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, 57023 LI Cecina, Italy
| | - G. Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.G.)
| | - A. D’Andrea
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, “Umberto I” Hospital, Viale San Francesco, Nocera Inferiore, 84014 SA, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - M. Pacileo
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, “Umberto I” Hospital, Viale San Francesco, Nocera Inferiore, 84014 SA, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - L. Tarantini
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale San Martino ULSS1 Dolomiti, 32100 Belluno, Italy;
| | - M.L. Canale
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Ospedale Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, 55041 LU, Italy;
| | - M. Gentile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.G.)
| | - G. Vitale
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.V.); (F.M.S.)
| | - F.M. Sarullo
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.V.); (F.M.S.)
| | - R. Vastarella
- UOSD Scompenso Cardiaco e Cardiologia Riabilitativa, AORN Ospedale dei Colli-Monaldi, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - A. Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - C. Testa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - A. Parlato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - C. Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - F. Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
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Nicklas BJ, Brinkley TE, Houston DK, Lyles MF, Hugenschmidt CE, Beavers KM, Leng X. Effects of Caloric Restriction on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Fatigue, and Disability Responses to Aerobic Exercise in Older Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:1084-1090. [PMID: 29982294 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity compounds aging-related declines in cardiorespiratory fitness, with accompanying fatigue and disability. This study determined the effects of two different levels of caloric restriction (CR) during aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness, fatigue, physical function, and cardiometabolic risk. METHODS The INFINITE study was a 20-week randomized trial in 180 older (65-79 years) men and women with obesity (body mass index = 30-45 kg/m2). Participants were randomly assigned to (i) aerobic training (EX; treadmill 4 days/wk for 30 minutes at 65%-70% of heart rate reserve), (ii) EX with moderate (-250 kcal/d) CR (EX + Mod-CR), or (iii) EX with more intensive (-600 kcal/d) CR (EX + High-CR). Cardiorespiratory fitness (peak aerobic capacity, VO2 peak, primary outcome) was determined during a graded exercise test. RESULTS One hundred and fifty-five participants returned for 20-week data collection (87% retention). VO2 peak increased by 7.7% with EX, by 13.8% with EX + Mod-CR, and by 16.0% with EX + High-CR, and there was a significant treatment effect (EX + High-CR = 21.5 mL/kg/min, 95% confidence interval = 19.8-23.2; EX + Mod-CR = 21.2 mL/kg/min, 95% confidence interval = 19.4-23.0; EX = 20.1 mL/kg/min, 95% confidence interval = 18.4-21.9). Both CR groups exhibited significantly greater improvement in self-reported fatigue and disability and in glucose control, compared with EX. CONCLUSION Combining aerobic exercise with even moderate CR is more efficacious for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, fatigue and disability, and glucose control than exercise alone and is as effective as higher-dose CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Nicklas
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Tina E Brinkley
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Denise K Houston
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mary F Lyles
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kristen M Beavers
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Xiaoyan Leng
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Sharma
- Cardiology Clinical and Academic Group, St George's, University of London, UK
| | - Aneil Malhotra
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
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Chlorella vulgaris Improves the Regenerative Capacity of Young and Senescent Myoblasts and Promotes Muscle Regeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3520789. [PMID: 31281573 PMCID: PMC6589273 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3520789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function with ageing. With increasing life expectancy, greater attention has been given to counteracting the effects of sarcopenia on the growing elderly population. Chlorella vulgaris, a microscopic, unicellular, green alga with the potential for various pharmaceutical uses, has been widely studied in this context. This study is aimed at determining the effects of C. vulgaris on promoting muscle regeneration by evaluating myoblast regenerative capacity in vitro. Human skeletal myoblast cells were cultured and underwent serial passaging into young and senescent phases and were then treated with C. vulgaris, followed by the induction of differentiation. The ability of C. vulgaris to promote myoblast differentiation was analysed through cellular morphology, real-time monitoring, cell proliferation, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression, myogenic differentiation, myogenin expression, and cell cycle profiling. The results obtained showed that senescent myoblasts exhibited an enlarged and flattened morphology, with increased SA-β-gal expression, reduced myogenic differentiation, decreased expression of myogenin, and an increased percentage of cells in the G 0/G 1 phase. Treatment with C. vulgaris resulted in decreased SA-β-gal expression and promotion of myogenic differentiation, as observed via an increased fusion index, maturation index, myotube size, and surface area and an increased percentage of cells that stained positive for myogenin. In conclusion, C. vulgaris improves the regenerative capacity of young and senescent myoblasts and promotes myoblast differentiation, indicating its potential to promote muscle regeneration.
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Javidanpour S, Dianat M, Aliakbari FR, Sarkaki A. The effects of olive leaf extract and 28 days forced treadmill exercise on electrocardiographic parameters in rats. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 23:108. [PMID: 30693043 PMCID: PMC6327681 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_517_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is evidence that regular activity can prevent of cardiovascular diseases. There are many reports that exercise and the consumption of olive leaf extract (OLE) have a positive effect on cardiovascular parameters. This study was conducted to compare the effects of exercise and OLE alone and together on electrocardiographic parameters in rats. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8 rats in each): Control, exercise, OLE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, orally for 14 days), and exercise + OLE (200 mg/kg of extract, orally for 14 days). Exercise training in rats was performed using treadmill for 28 days (1 h/day). Electrophysiological parameters including heart rate, PR interval, QT interval, QT corrected (QTc), RR interval, QRS voltage, and duration were obtained from lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded by a PowerLab system. Statistical evaluation was done by one-way analysis of variance followed by Fisher's least significant difference test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The amounts of QT (P = 0.0009) and QTc interval (P = 0.0004), RR interval (P < 0.0001), QRS duration (P = 0.004), and QRS voltage (P = 0.003) in the exercise group were significantly higher than those of the control group. However, there were no significant differences in PR interval in comparison with the control group. Exercise (P < 0.0001) and OLE (400 mg/kg, P = 0.043) alone and both in combination (P = 0.007) reduced heart rate and increased the amount of QRS voltage (P = 0.003, P = 0.047, and P = 0.046, respectively) and RR interval (P < 0.0001, P = 0.046, and P = 0.0009, respectively). Conclusion: Results of this study indicated that administration of OLE alone and in combination with exercise has negative chronotropic and positive inotropic effects and also it can prevent of prolongation of QT and QTc interval induced by severe exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Javidanpour
- Student Research Committee, Science and Religion Work Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Department of Physiology and Persian Gulf Physiology Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani Aliakbari
- Student Research Committee, Science and Religion Work Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Department of Physiology and Persian Gulf Physiology Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Dalton A, Zafirova Z. Preoperative Management of the Geriatric Patient: Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Assessment. Anesthesiol Clin 2018; 36:599-614. [PMID: 30390781 DOI: 10.1016/j.anclin.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As the population ages, more geriatric patients will be presenting for surgical procedures. Preoperative evaluation seeks to assess patients for geriatric syndromes: frailty, sarcopenia, functional dependence, and malnutrition. Age-related changes in physiology increase risk for central nervous system, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and endocrine morbidity and mortality. Identification of various comorbidities allows for preoperative optimization and for opportunities for intervention including nutritional supplementation and prehabilitation, which may improve postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Dalton
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, 5041 South Maryland Avenue, MC 4028, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Zdravka Zafirova
- Section Critical Care, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital System, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Box 1028, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Cannata' A, Merlo M, Artico J, Gentile P, Camparini L, Cristallini J, Porcari A, Loffredo F, Sinagra G. Cardiovascular aging: the unveiled enigma from bench to bedside. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2018; 19:517-526. [PMID: 30024423 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
: The rapid increase in the median age of the world's population requires particular attention towards older and more fragile people. Cardiovascular risk factors, time and comorbidities play a vicious role in the development of heart failure, both with reduced and preserved ejection fraction, in the elderly. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological processes observed with aging is pivotal to target those patients and their therapeutic needs properly. This review aims to investigate and to dissect the main pathways leading to the aging cardiomyopathy, helping to understand the relationship from bench to bedside of the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cannata'
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste.,International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
| | - Jessica Artico
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
| | - Piero Gentile
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
| | - Luca Camparini
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jacopo Cristallini
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
| | - Aldostefano Porcari
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
| | - Francesco Loffredo
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste.,International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste and University of Trieste
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Travensolo C, Goessler K, Poton R, Pinto RR, Polito MD. Measurement of physical performance by field tests in programs of cardiac rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Medida do desempenho físico por testes de campo em programas de reabilitação cardiovascular: revisão sistemática e meta‐análise. Rev Port Cardiol 2018; 37:525-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Farinatti P, Monteiro W, Oliveira R, Crisafulli A. Cardiorespiratory responses and myocardial function within incremental exercise in healthy unmedicated older vs. young men and women. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:341-349. [PMID: 28523609 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related differences concerning cardiorespiratory responses and myocardial function during exercise have not been extensively investigated in healthy populations. AIMS To compare cardiorespiratory performance and myocardial function during maximal exercise in healthy/unmedicated men (older, n = 24, 63-75 years; young, n = 22, 19-25 years) and women (older, n = 18, age = 63-74 years; young, n = 23, 19-25 years). METHODS Oxygen uptake (VO2), ventilation minute (V E), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), O2 pulse (O2p), preejection period (PEP), and left ventricular ejection time (LVET) were assessed during cycle incremental exercise. RESULTS HR and SV remained equivalent between age groups until 75 and 50% peak workload, respectively. Q increased by 2.5 and 4.5 times in older and young groups, respectively. However, Q/VO2 ratio was always similar across age and sex groups (∼0.50). The energetic efficiency ratio (W/VO2) was also alike in older and young men, but slightly lower in women. At maximal exercise, cardiorespiratory responses were lower in older than young men and women: VO2 (-40 to 50%), V E (-35 to 37%), HR (-23%), SV (-26 to 29%), Q (-43 to 45%), and O2p (-15 to 20%). Cardiac and SV indices were lower in older than young groups by approximately 42 and 25%, respectively. LVET was longer in the older individuals, while PEP was similar across age groups. Hence, PEP/LVET was lowered among older vs. young men and women. CONCLUSION Submaximal work capacity was preserved in healthy and unmedicated older individuals. Age-related lessening of maximal performance in both sexes was due to poor chronotropic and, particularly, inotropic properties of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Farinatti
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion (LABSAU), Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, sala 8121F; Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 20550-900, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Sciences of Physical Activity, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Walace Monteiro
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion (LABSAU), Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, sala 8121F; Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 20550-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sciences of Physical Activity, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion (LABSAU), Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, sala 8121F; Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 20550-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Crisafulli
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Recchioni R, Marcheselli F, Antonicelli R, Mensà E, Lazzarini R, Procopio AD, Olivieri F. Epigenetic effects of physical activity in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Exp Gerontol 2017; 100:17-27. [PMID: 29074290 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important public health problem affecting especially the elderly. Over the past 20years, an increasing number of studies have examined its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and new therapies are continually being discovered. However, despite considerable progress in CVD management, mortality and morbidity remain a major healthcare concern, and frequent hospital admissions compromise the daily life and social activities of these patients. Physical activity has emerged as an important non-pharmacological adjunctive therapy for CVD in older patients, especially for heart failure patients, exerting its beneficial effects on mortality, morbidity, and functional capacity. The mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular benefits of exercise are not wholly clear. Mounting evidence suggest that epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) and non-coding RNA, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), may be induced by physical activity. Recently, a number of miRNAs have been identified as key players in gene expression modulation by exercise. MiRNAs are synthesized by living cells and actively released into the bloodstream through different shuttles. The epigenetic information, thus carried and delivered, is involved in the interplay between environmental factors, including physical activity, and individual genetic make-up. We review and discuss the effects of exercise on age-related CVDs, focusing on circulating miRNA (c-miRNAs) modulation. Epigenetic mechanisms may have clinical relevance in CVD prevention and management; since they can be modified, insights into the implications of lifestyle-related epigenetic changes in CVD etiology may help develop therapeutic protocols of exercise training that can be suitable and effective for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Recchioni
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS), Ancona, Italy.
| | - Fiorella Marcheselli
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS), Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Antonicelli
- Department of Cardiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (I.N.R.C.A-IRCCS), Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS), Ancona, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS), Ancona, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Sharma PK, Bunker CH, Singh T, Ganguly E, Reddy PS, Newman AB, Cauley JA. Burden and Correlates of Falls among Rural Elders of South India: Mobility and Independent Living in Elders Study. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2017; 2017:1290936. [PMID: 28694824 PMCID: PMC5485263 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1290936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Falls are an important contributor to loss of function, morbidity, and mortality in elders. Little is known about falls in Indian populations. The objective of this cross-sectional report was to identify the prevalence and correlates of falls in a cohort of 562 rural southern Indian men and women. METHODS Risk factors included demographics, anthropometrics, self-reported health, medical history, physical function, vision, depression, and lifestyle. Odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS 71 (13%) subjects reported at least 1 fall in the past year. Prevalence was higher among women (17%) than men (8%), P = 0.003. Sex and age showed significant interaction (P = 0.04) whereby falls prevalence increased with age among women but decreased among men. Correlates of falls among men included a history of osteoarthritis (OA) (odds ratio (OR): 6.91; 95% CI: 1.4-33.1), depression (OR:9.6; 3.1-30.1), and greater height (OR per 1 standard deviation increase: 2.33; 1.1-5.1). Among women, poor physical performance (OR: 3.33; 1.13-9.86) and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 2.42; 1.01-5.80) were independently associated with falls. IMPLICATIONS Prevalence of falls in elderly South Indians was lower than published reports from western countries and likely reflects low exposure to fall risks. Patterns with age differed in men and women and may reflect sex differences in the accuracy of age recall. Presence of comorbidities specifically OA, CVD, and depression was independent correlate of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clareann H. Bunker
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tushar Singh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Enakshi Ganguly
- SHARE India, MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India
| | - P. Sudhakar Reddy
- SHARE India, MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Nucci RAB, Teodoro ACDS, Krause Neto W, Silva WDA, de Souza RR, Anaruma CA, Gama EF. Effects of testosterone administration on liver structure and function in aging rats. Aging Male 2017; 20:134-137. [PMID: 28590831 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2017.1284779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aging males have a decrease in testosterone levels, by which the testosterone treatment may influence in a negatively fashion the liver. AIM This study aimed to analyze the effects of aging with or without testosterone administration on the liver components of animals. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into three groups: 20 months' group (G20), 24 months' group (G24), group treated with testosterone for 16 weeks (GT). All groups were sacrificed at 24 months except for G20 that was sacrificed at 20 months. RESULTS Aging and testosterone treatment alters the body weight (BW), liver weight (LW) and relative liver weight. Besides, testosterone increased the mitogen capacity of hepatocytes. Nonetheless, we reinforce the negative effects of testosterone on old animals' liver as chronic hepatic congestion and/or cholestasis. In addition, we observed that testosterone plays an important role on hepatic glycogen stores. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed many implications for the knowledge about the effects of aging with or without testosterone administration on old animals' liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Walter Krause Neto
- b Physical Education Department, São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , Brazil , and
| | | | - Romeu Rodrigues de Souza
- a Department of Aging Sciences , São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , Brazil
- b Physical Education Department, São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , Brazil , and
| | - Carlos Alberto Anaruma
- c Physical Education Department, "Julio de Mesquita Filho" São Paulo State University , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eliane Florencio Gama
- a Department of Aging Sciences , São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , Brazil
- b Physical Education Department, São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , Brazil , and
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Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 4:CD011279. [PMID: 28436583 PMCID: PMC5461882 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011279.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is defined as pain lasting beyond normal tissue healing time, generally taken to be 12 weeks. It contributes to disability, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, poor quality of life, and healthcare costs. Chronic pain has a weighted mean prevalence in adults of 20%.For many years, the treatment choice for chronic pain included recommendations for rest and inactivity. However, exercise may have specific benefits in reducing the severity of chronic pain, as well as more general benefits associated with improved overall physical and mental health, and physical functioning.Physical activity and exercise programmes are increasingly being promoted and offered in various healthcare systems, and for a variety of chronic pain conditions. It is therefore important at this stage to establish the efficacy and safety of these programmes, and furthermore to address the critical factors that determine their success or failure. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of Cochrane Reviews of adults with chronic pain to determine (1) the effectiveness of different physical activity and exercise interventions in reducing pain severity and its impact on function, quality of life, and healthcare use; and (2) the evidence for any adverse effects or harm associated with physical activity and exercise interventions. METHODS We searched theCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) on the Cochrane Library (CDSR 2016, Issue 1) for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), after which we tracked any included reviews for updates, and tracked protocols in case of full review publication until an arbitrary cut-off date of 21 March 2016 (CDSR 2016, Issue 3). We assessed the methodological quality of the reviews using the AMSTAR tool, and also planned to analyse data for each painful condition based on quality of the evidence.We extracted data for (1) self-reported pain severity, (2) physical function (objectively or subjectively measured), (3) psychological function, (4) quality of life, (5) adherence to the prescribed intervention, (6) healthcare use/attendance, (7) adverse events, and (8) death.Due to the limited data available, we were unable to directly compare and analyse interventions, and have instead reported the evidence qualitatively. MAIN RESULTS We included 21 reviews with 381 included studies and 37,143 participants. Of these, 264 studies (19,642 participants) examined exercise versus no exercise/minimal intervention in adults with chronic pain and were used in the qualitative analysis.Pain conditions included rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, low back pain, intermittent claudication, dysmenorrhoea, mechanical neck disorder, spinal cord injury, postpolio syndrome, and patellofemoral pain. None of the reviews assessed 'chronic pain' or 'chronic widespread pain' as a general term or specific condition. Interventions included aerobic, strength, flexibility, range of motion, and core or balance training programmes, as well as yoga, Pilates, and tai chi.Reviews were well performed and reported (based on AMSTAR), and included studies had acceptable risk of bias (with inadequate reporting of attrition and reporting biases). However the quality of evidence was low due to participant numbers (most included studies had fewer than 50 participants in total), length of intervention and follow-up (rarely assessed beyond three to six months). We pooled the results from relevant reviews where appropriate, though results should be interpreted with caution due to the low quality evidence. Pain severity: several reviews noted favourable results from exercise: only three reviews that reported pain severity found no statistically significant changes in usual or mean pain from any intervention. However, results were inconsistent across interventions and follow-up, as exercise did not consistently bring about a change (positive or negative) in self-reported pain scores at any single point. Physical function: was the most commonly reported outcome measure. Physical function was significantly improved as a result of the intervention in 14 reviews, though even these statistically significant results had only small-to-moderate effect sizes (only one review reported large effect sizes). Psychological function and quality of life: had variable results: results were either favourable to exercise (generally small and moderate effect size, with two reviews reporting significant, large effect sizes for quality of life), or showed no difference between groups. There were no negative effects. Adherence to the prescribed intervention: could not be assessed in any review. However, risk of withdrawal/dropout was slightly higher in the exercising group (82.8/1000 participants versus 81/1000 participants), though the group difference was non-significant. Healthcare use/attendance: was not reported in any review. Adverse events, potential harm, and death: only 25% of included studies (across 18 reviews) actively reported adverse events. Based on the available evidence, most adverse events were increased soreness or muscle pain, which reportedly subsided after a few weeks of the intervention. Only one review reported death separately to other adverse events: the intervention was protective against death (based on the available evidence), though did not reach statistical significance. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The quality of the evidence examining physical activity and exercise for chronic pain is low. This is largely due to small sample sizes and potentially underpowered studies. A number of studies had adequately long interventions, but planned follow-up was limited to less than one year in all but six reviews.There were some favourable effects in reduction in pain severity and improved physical function, though these were mostly of small-to-moderate effect, and were not consistent across the reviews. There were variable effects for psychological function and quality of life.The available evidence suggests physical activity and exercise is an intervention with few adverse events that may improve pain severity and physical function, and consequent quality of life. However, further research is required and should focus on increasing participant numbers, including participants with a broader spectrum of pain severity, and lengthening both the intervention itself, and the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clare Clarke
- Division of Population Health Sciences, University of DundeeNinewells Hospital & Medical SchoolKirsty Semple WayDundeeUKDD2 4DB
| | - Denis Martin
- Teesside UniversityInstitute of Health and Social CareParksideMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Lesley A Colvin
- University of Edinburgh, Western General HospitalAnaesthesia & Pain MedicineEdinburghUK
| | - Blair H Smith
- University of DundeeDivision of Population Health SciencesDundeeUKDD2 4BF
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Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 1:CD011279. [PMID: 28087891 PMCID: PMC6469540 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011279.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is defined as pain lasting beyond normal tissue healing time, generally taken to be 12 weeks. It contributes to disability, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, poor quality of life, and healthcare costs. Chronic pain has a weighted mean prevalence in adults of 20%.For many years, the treatment choice for chronic pain included recommendations for rest and inactivity. However, exercise may have specific benefits in reducing the severity of chronic pain, as well as more general benefits associated with improved overall physical and mental health, and physical functioning.Physical activity and exercise programmes are increasingly being promoted and offered in various healthcare systems, and for a variety of chronic pain conditions. It is therefore important at this stage to establish the efficacy and safety of these programmes, and furthermore to address the critical factors that determine their success or failure. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of Cochrane Reviews of adults with chronic pain to determine (1) the effectiveness of different physical activity and exercise interventions in reducing pain severity and its impact on function, quality of life, and healthcare use; and (2) the evidence for any adverse effects or harm associated with physical activity and exercise interventions. METHODS We searched theCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) on the Cochrane Library (CDSR 2016, Issue 1) for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), after which we tracked any included reviews for updates, and tracked protocols in case of full review publication until an arbitrary cut-off date of 21 March 2016 (CDSR 2016, Issue 3). We assessed the methodological quality of the reviews using the AMSTAR tool, and also planned to analyse data for each painful condition based on quality of the evidence.We extracted data for (1) self-reported pain severity, (2) physical function (objectively or subjectively measured), (3) psychological function, (4) quality of life, (5) adherence to the prescribed intervention, (6) healthcare use/attendance, (7) adverse events, and (8) death.Due to the limited data available, we were unable to directly compare and analyse interventions, and have instead reported the evidence qualitatively. MAIN RESULTS We included 21 reviews with 381 included studies and 37,143 participants. Of these, 264 studies (19,642 participants) examined exercise versus no exercise/minimal intervention in adults with chronic pain and were used in the qualitative analysis.Pain conditions included rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, low back pain, intermittent claudication, dysmenorrhoea, mechanical neck disorder, spinal cord injury, postpolio syndrome, and patellofemoral pain. None of the reviews assessed 'chronic pain' or 'chronic widespread pain' as a general term or specific condition. Interventions included aerobic, strength, flexibility, range of motion, and core or balance training programmes, as well as yoga, Pilates, and tai chi.Reviews were well performed and reported (based on AMSTAR), and included studies had acceptable risk of bias (with inadequate reporting of attrition and reporting biases). However the quality of evidence was low due to participant numbers (most included studies had fewer than 50 participants in total), length of intervention and follow-up (rarely assessed beyond three to six months). We pooled the results from relevant reviews where appropriate, though results should be interpreted with caution due to the low quality evidence. Pain severity: several reviews noted favourable results from exercise: only three reviews that reported pain severity found no statistically significant changes in usual or mean pain from any intervention. However, results were inconsistent across interventions and follow-up, as exercise did not consistently bring about a change (positive or negative) in self-reported pain scores at any single point. Physical function: was the most commonly reported outcome measure. Physical function was significantly improved as a result of the intervention in 14 reviews, though even these statistically significant results had only small-to-moderate effect sizes (only one review reported large effect sizes). Psychological function and quality of life: had variable results: results were either favourable to exercise (generally small and moderate effect size, with two reviews reporting significant, large effect sizes for quality of life), or showed no difference between groups. There were no negative effects. Adherence to the prescribed intervention: could not be assessed in any review. However, risk of withdrawal/dropout was slightly higher in the exercising group (82.8/1000 participants versus 81/1000 participants), though the group difference was non-significant. Healthcare use/attendance: was not reported in any review. Adverse events, potential harm, and death: only 25% of included studies (across 18 reviews) actively reported adverse events. Based on the available evidence, most adverse events were increased soreness or muscle pain, which reportedly subsided after a few weeks of the intervention. Only one review reported death separately to other adverse events: the intervention was protective against death (based on the available evidence), though did not reach statistical significance. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The quality of the evidence examining physical activity and exercise for chronic pain is low. This is largely due to small sample sizes and potentially underpowered studies. A number of studies had adequately long interventions, but planned follow-up was limited to less than one year in all but six reviews.There were some favourable effects in reduction in pain severity and improved physical function, though these were mostly of small-to-moderate effect, and were not consistent across the reviews. There were variable effects for psychological function and quality of life.The available evidence suggests physical activity and exercise is an intervention with few adverse events that may improve pain severity and physical function, and consequent quality of life. However, further research is required and should focus on increasing participant numbers, including participants with a broader spectrum of pain severity, and lengthening both the intervention itself, and the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise J Geneen
- University of DundeeDivision of Population Health SciencesDundeeUK
| | - R Andrew Moore
- University of OxfordPain Research and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics)Pain Research UnitChurchill HospitalOxfordUKOX3 7LE
| | - Clare Clarke
- Division of Population Health Sciences, University of DundeeNinewells Hospital & Medical SchoolKirsty Semple WayDundeeUKDD2 4DB
| | - Denis Martin
- Teesside UniversityInstitute of Health and Social CareParksideMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Lesley A Colvin
- University of Edinburgh, Western General HospitalAnaesthesia & Pain MedicineEdinburghUK
| | - Blair H Smith
- University of DundeeDivision of Population Health SciencesDundeeUK
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van Schijndel-Speet M, Evenhuis HM, van Wijck R, van Montfort KCAGM, Echteld MA. A structured physical activity and fitness programme for older adults with intellectual disabilities: results of a cluster-randomised clinical trial. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2017; 61:16-29. [PMID: 27072928 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical activity level of older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) is extremely low, and their fitness levels are far beneath accepted norms for older people with normal intelligence and comparable with frail older people. A physical activity programme, including an education programme, was developed for older adults with ID using behaviour change techniques. The programme aimed at improving or maintaining adequate levels of physical activity (primary outcome measure) and motor fitness, cardio respiratory fitness, morphologic and metabolic fitness, activities of daily living, cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms (secondary outcome measures). METHOD The programme's efficacy was evaluated in a cluster-randomised clinical trial among people aged 43 years and over with mild-moderate levels of ID. Five day-activity centres were randomised to the participation group. In these centres, 81 older adults participated in groups of 8 to 10 in the programme, three times a week during 8 months. The programme was executed by physical activity instructors and staff of day-activity centres. Five other day-activity centres were randomised to the control group; 70 older adults in these centres received care as usual. The generalised linear model with mixed effects was used to test the programme's effectiveness. RESULTS Significant effects were found on physical activity, muscle strength, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol level and cognitive functioning, in favour of the programme's participants. No significant improvements were found on balance, serum glucose, weight, waist circumference, walking speed, mobility, depression or instrumental activities of daily living. CONCLUSIONS The physical activity and fitness programme has established small but significant effects in this sample, but generalising the findings to other settings is difficult due to significant participant dropout. Implementation of evidence-based physical activity programmes among older adults with ID is recommended. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of physical activity on daily life functioning and the development on chronic diseases in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van Schijndel-Speet
- Intellectual Disability Medicine, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Ipse de Bruggen, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
| | - H M Evenhuis
- Intellectual Disability Medicine, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R van Wijck
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - M A Echteld
- Intellectual Disability Medicine, Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Hillmeister P, Buschmann E, Persson PB, Bondke Persson A. Exercise for healthy flow. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:3-8. [PMID: 27863044 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology; Center for Internal Medicine I; Clinic Brandenburg, Medical University Brandenburg (MHB); Brandenburg an der Havel Germany
- Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - E. Buschmann
- Department for Angiology; Center for Internal Medicine I; Clinic Brandenburg, Medical University Brandenburg (MHB); Brandenburg an der Havel Germany
- Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - P. B. Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Neves LM, Diniz TA, Rossi FE, Fortaleza ACDS, Horimoto ET, Geraldo VDO, Santos VRD, Freitas Júnior IF. The effect of different training modalities on physical fitness in women over 50 years of age. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201600040016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ismael Forte Freitas Júnior
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brasil
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Zanetidou S, Belvederi Murri M, Menchetti M, Toni G, Asioli F, Bagnoli L, Zocchi D, Siena M, Assirelli B, Luciano C, Masotti M, Spezia C, Magagnoli M, Neri M, Amore M, Bertakis KD. Physical Exercise for Late-Life Depression: Customizing an Intervention for Primary Care. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 65:348-355. [PMID: 27869986 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify which individual- and context-related factors influence the translation into clinical practice of interventions based on physical exercise (PE) as an adjunct to antidepressants (AD) for the treatment of late-life major depression (LLMD). DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. SETTING Primary care with psychiatric consultation-liaison programs (PCLPs)-organizational protocols that regulate the clinical management of individuals with psychiatric disorders. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 65 and older with major depression according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (N = 121). INTERVENTION Participants with LLMD were randomized to AD (sertraline) or AD plus PE (AD + PE). MEASUREMENTS Participant characteristics that were associated with greater effectiveness of AD + PE (moderators) were identified, and effect sizes were calculated from success rate differences. Whether the characteristics of the study setting influenced participant flow and attendance at exercise sessions was then explored, and primary care physicians (PCPs) were surveyed regarding their opinions on PE as a treatment for LLMD. RESULTS The following participant characteristics were associated with greater likelihood of achieving remission from depression with AD + PE than with AD alone: aged 75 and older (effect size 0.32), polypharmacy (0.35), greater aerobic capacity (0.48), displaying psychomotor slowing (0.49), and less-severe anxiety (0.30). The longer the PCLP had been established at a particular center, the more individuals were recruited at that center. After participating in the study, PCPs expressed positive views on AD + PE as a treatment for LLMD and were more likely to use this as a therapeutic strategy. CONCLUSIONS The combination of PE and sertraline could improve the management of LLMD, especially when customized for individuals with specific clinical features. Liaison programs might influence the implementation of similar interventions in primary care, and PCPs viewed them positively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatula Zanetidou
- Department of Mental Health, Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Menchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Toni
- Cardiology Unit, S. Sebastiano Hospital, Correggio, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Luciano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Masotti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Mirco Neri
- Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile, Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Klea D Bertakis
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.,Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
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Floegel TA, Perez GA. An integrative review of physical activity/exercise intervention effects on function and health-related quality of life in older adults with heart failure. Geriatr Nurs 2016; 37:340-347. [PMID: 27189848 PMCID: PMC5108691 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) that have used a physical activity/exercise intervention in older adults with heart failure and reported outcomes of physical function and/or health-related quality of life. An integrative review was necessary because a literature search indicated no reviews have been done regarding these outcomes which are deemed very important by the older adult population. Computerized database search strategies by authors between 2002 and 2015 resulted in 163 studies, with 12 meeting inclusion criteria. Interventions were performed in clinic and home-based, group and/or individual settings with durations from three to 12 months. Interventions were varied. Common methodological weaknesses of the studies include lack of theory guiding the intervention, small sample and low minority representation. Strengths included detailed intervention methods. There was a moderate effect of interventions with no reported adverse effects. Further work is essential to identify successful strategies to support older adults with heart failure to increase their physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Floegel
- University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, 5007 Carrington Hall, CB#7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - G Adriana Perez
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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