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Torres-Torres J, Espino-y-Sosa S, Martinez-Portilla R, Borboa-Olivares H, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Acevedo-Gallegos S, Ruiz-Ramirez E, Velasco-Espin M, Cerda-Flores P, Ramirez-Gonzalez A, Rojas-Zepeda L. A Narrative Review on the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7569. [PMID: 39062815 PMCID: PMC11277207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multifactorial pregnancy disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, posing significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. Despite extensive research, its complex pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. This narrative review aims to elucidate the intricate mechanisms contributing to PE, focusing on abnormal placentation, maternal systemic response, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genetic and epigenetic factors. This review synthesizes findings from recent studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses, highlighting key molecular and cellular pathways involved in PE. The review integrates data on oxidative stress biomarkers, angiogenic factors, immune interactions, and mitochondrial dysfunction. PE is initiated by poor placentation due to inadequate trophoblast invasion and improper spiral artery remodeling, leading to placental hypoxia. This triggers the release of anti-angiogenic factors such as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sEng), causing widespread endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial abnormalities, and immune dysregulation further exacerbate the condition. Genetic and epigenetic modifications, including polymorphisms in the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) gene and altered microRNA (miRNA) expression, play critical roles. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and specific molecular pathways like the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide (HO-1/CO) and cystathionine gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide (CSE/H2S) pathways show promise in mitigating preeclampsia's effects. PE is a complex disorder with multifactorial origins involving abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, effective prevention and treatment strategies remain limited. Continued research is essential to develop targeted therapies that can improve outcomes for both mothers and their babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnatan Torres-Torres
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico (P.C.-F.)
| | - Salvador Espino-y-Sosa
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
| | - Raigam Martinez-Portilla
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
| | - Hector Borboa-Olivares
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
| | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
| | - Sandra Acevedo-Gallegos
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (R.M.-P.)
| | - Erika Ruiz-Ramirez
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico (P.C.-F.)
| | - Martha Velasco-Espin
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico (P.C.-F.)
| | - Pablo Cerda-Flores
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico (P.C.-F.)
| | - Andrea Ramirez-Gonzalez
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico (P.C.-F.)
| | - Lourdes Rojas-Zepeda
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Department, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de Mexico, Toluca 50170, Mexico
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Horvat Mercnik M, Schliefsteiner C, Sanchez-Duffhues G, Wadsack C. TGFβ signalling: a nexus between inflammation, placental health and preeclampsia throughout pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update 2024; 30:442-471. [PMID: 38519450 PMCID: PMC11215164 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta is a unique and pivotal organ in reproduction, controlling crucial growth and cell differentiation processes that ensure a successful pregnancy. Placental development is a tightly regulated and dynamic process, in which the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily plays a central role. This family of pleiotropic growth factors is heavily involved in regulating various aspects of reproductive biology, particularly in trophoblast differentiation during the first trimester of pregnancy. TGFβ signalling precisely regulates trophoblast invasion and the cell transition from cytotrophoblasts to extravillous trophoblasts, which is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like process. Later in pregnancy, TGFβ signalling ensures proper vascularization and angiogenesis in placental endothelial cells. Beyond its role in trophoblasts and endothelial cells, TGFβ signalling contributes to the polarization and function of placental and decidual macrophages by promoting maternal tolerance of the semi-allogeneic foetus. Disturbances in early placental development have been associated with several pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia (PE) which is one of the severe complications. Emerging evidence suggests that TGFβ is involved in the pathogenesis of PE, thereby offering a potential target for intervention in the human placenta. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This comprehensive review aims to explore and elucidate the roles of the major members of the TGFβ superfamily, including TGFβs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins, inhibins, nodals, and growth differentiation factors (GDFs), in the context of placental development and function. The review focusses on their interactions within the major cell types of the placenta, namely trophoblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, in both normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by PE throughout pregnancy. SEARCH METHODS A literature search was carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar, searching terms: 'TGF signalling preeclampsia', 'pregnancy TGF signalling', 'preeclampsia tgfβ', 'preeclampsia bmp', 'preeclampsia gdf', 'preeclampsia activin', 'endoglin preeclampsia', 'endoglin pregnancy', 'tgfβ signalling pregnancy', 'bmp signalling pregnancy', 'gdf signalling pregnancy', 'activin signalling pregnancy', 'Hofbauer cell tgfβ signalling', 'placental macrophages tgfβ', 'endothelial cells tgfβ', 'endothelium tgfβ signalling', 'trophoblast invasion tgfβ signalling', 'trophoblast invasion Smad', 'trophoblast invasion bmp', 'trophoblast invasion tgfβ', 'tgfβ preeclampsia', 'tgfβ placental development', 'TGFβ placental function', 'endothelial dysfunction preeclampsia tgfβ signalling', 'vascular remodelling placenta TGFβ', 'inflammation pregnancy tgfβ', 'immune response pregnancy tgfβ', 'immune tolerance pregnancy tgfβ', 'TGFβ pregnancy NK cells', 'bmp pregnancy NK cells', 'bmp pregnancy tregs', 'tgfβ pregnancy tregs', 'TGFβ placenta NK cells', 'TGFβ placenta tregs', 'NK cells preeclampsia', 'Tregs preeclampsia'. Only articles published in English until 2023 were used. OUTCOMES A comprehensive understanding of TGFβ signalling and its role in regulating interconnected cell functions of the main placental cell types provides valuable insights into the processes essential for successful placental development and growth of the foetus during pregnancy. By orchestrating trophoblast invasion, vascularization, immune tolerance, and tissue remodelling, TGFβ ligands contribute to the proper functioning of a healthy maternal-foetal interface. However, dysregulation of TGFβ signalling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PE, where the shallow trophoblast invasion, defective vascular remodelling, decreased uteroplacental perfusion, and endothelial cell and immune dysfunction observed in PE, are all affected by an altered TGFβ signalling. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The dysregulation of TGFβ signalling in PE has important implications for research and clinical practice. Further investigation is required to understand the underlying mechanisms, including the role of different ligands and their regulation under pathophysiological conditions, in order to discover new therapeutic targets. Distinguishing between clinically manifested subtypes of PE and studying TGFβ signalling in different placental cell types holistically is an important first step. To put this knowledge into practice, pre-clinical animal models combined with new technologies are needed. This may also lead to improved human research models and identify potential therapeutic targets, ultimately improving outcomes for affected pregnancies and reducing the burden of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gonzalo Sanchez-Duffhues
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Tissue-Specific BMP Signalling ISPA-HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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Tsikouras P, Antsaklis P, Nikolettos K, Kotanidou S, Kritsotaki N, Bothou A, Andreou S, Nalmpanti T, Chalkia K, Spanakis V, Iatrakis G, Nikolettos N. Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management of Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR). J Pers Med 2024; 14:698. [PMID: 39063953 PMCID: PMC11278205 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR), or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), is still the second most common cause of perinatal mortality. The factors that contribute to fetal growth restriction can be categorized into three distinct groups: placental, fetal, and maternal. The prenatal application of various diagnostic methods can, in many cases, detect the deterioration of the fetal condition in time because the nature of the above disorder is thoroughly investigated by applying a combination of biophysical and biochemical methods, which determine the state of the embryo-placenta unit and assess the possible increased risk of perinatal failure outcome and potential for many later health problems. When considering the potential for therapeutic intervention, the key question is whether it can be utilized during pregnancy. Currently, there are no known treatment interventions that effectively enhance placental function and promote fetal weight development. Nevertheless, in cases with fetuses diagnosed with fetal growth restriction, immediate termination of pregnancy may have advantages not only in terms of minimizing perinatal mortality but primarily in terms of reducing long-term morbidity during childhood and maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tsikouras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Panos Antsaklis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical School, University Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Nikolettos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Sonia Kotanidou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Nektaria Kritsotaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Anastasia Bothou
- Department of Midwifery, School of Health Sciences, University of West Attica (UNIWA), 12243 Athens, Greece; (A.B.); (G.I.)
| | - Sotiris Andreou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Theopi Nalmpanti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Kyriaki Chalkia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Vlasis Spanakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
| | - George Iatrakis
- Department of Midwifery, School of Health Sciences, University of West Attica (UNIWA), 12243 Athens, Greece; (A.B.); (G.I.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and Rea Maternity Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikolettos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.N.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (S.A.); (T.N.); (K.C.); (V.S.); (N.N.)
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Lestari B, Fukushima T, Utomo RY, Wahyuningsih MSH. Apoptotic and non-apoptotic roles of caspases in placenta physiology and pathology. Placenta 2024; 151:37-47. [PMID: 38703713 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Caspases, a family of cysteine proteases, are pivotal regulators of apoptosis, the tightly controlled cell death process crucial for eliminating excessive or unnecessary cells during development, including placental development. Collecting research has unveiled the multifaceted roles of caspases in the placenta, extending beyond apoptosis. Apart from their involvement in placental tissue remodeling via apoptosis, caspases actively participate in essential regulatory processes, such as trophoblast fusion and differentiation, significantly influencing placental growth and functionality. In addition, growing evidence indicates an elevation in caspase activity under pathological conditions like pre-eclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), leading to excessive cell death as well as inflammation. Drawing from advancements in caspase research and placental development under both normal and abnormal conditions, we examine the significance of caspases in both cell death (apoptosis) and non-cell death-related processes within the placenta. We also discuss potential therapeutics targeting caspase-related pathways for placenta disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Lestari
- Department Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.
| | - Rohmad Yudi Utomo
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih
- Department Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Chen H, Li R, Bian J, Li X, Su C, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zheng J, Wang Y, Zhang H. OLFML3 suppresses trophoblast apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT pathway: A possible therapeutic target in preeclampsia. Placenta 2024; 147:1-11. [PMID: 38277999 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication that encompasses various pathogenic mechanisms. Shallow implantation of the placenta due to abnormal trophoblast behavior is considered an important mechanism underlying PE; however, its exact etiology remains unclear. METHODS The expression of OLFML3 in the placenta and important clinical indicators were performed, followed by a correlation analysis. The effect of OLFML3 on the behavior of HTR-8/SVneo cells was examined, and the downstream molecular mechanisms of OLFML3 were investigated in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, a rat model of PE was generated by adenovirus injection via the tail vein to verify the role of OLFML3. RESULTS OLFML3 is highly expressed in both syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts and deregulated in preeclamptic placentas. OLFML3 overexpression in HTR-8/SVneo cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and impeded apoptosis, and triggered phosphorylation on ser473 of AKT. Conversely, OLFML3 knockdown exerted opposite effects. Furthermore, OLFML3 overexpression ameliorates CoCl2-induced apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells. In a rat model, OLFML3 overexpression alleviates PE-associated maternal symptoms, leading to lower blood pressure, less severe proteinuria, improved fetal growth restriction, as well as upregulation of P-AKT and downregulation of Cleaved caspase3 and Bax. DISCUSSION OLFML3 may alleviate PE development by inhibiting extravillous trophoblast cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Our findings indicated that OLFML3 may provide a possible therapeutic target for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruiping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiangyujing Bian
- Pharmaceutical Research Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Cunjing Su
- Pharmaceutical Research Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jianqiong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yeping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, China.
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Yasmin H, Agostinis C, Toffoli M, Roy T, Pegoraro S, Balduit A, Zito G, Di Simone N, Ricci G, Madan T, Kishore U, Bulla R. Protective role of complement factor H against the development of preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1351898. [PMID: 38464530 PMCID: PMC10920295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1351898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is an immunologically regulated, complex process. A tightly controlled complement system plays a crucial role in the successful establishment of pregnancy and parturition. Complement inhibitors at the feto-maternal interface are likely to prevent inappropriate complement activation to protect the fetus. In the present study, we aimed to understand the role of Factor H (FH), a negative regulator of complement activation, in normal pregnancy and in a model of pathological pregnancy, i.e. preeclampsia (PE). The distribution and expression of FH was investigated in placental tissues, various placental cells, and in the sera of healthy (CTRL) or PE pregnant women via immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot. Our results showed a differential expression of FH among the placental cell types, decidual stromal cells (DSCs), decidual endothelial cells (DECs), and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). Interestingly, FH was found to be considerably less expressed in the placental tissues of PE patients compared to normal placental tissue both at mRNA and protein levels. Similar results were obtained by measuring circulating FH levels in the sera of third trimester CTRL and PE mothers. Syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles, isolated from the placental tissues of PE and CTRL women, downregulated FH expression by DECs. The present study appears to suggest that FH is ubiquitously present in the normal placenta and plays a homeostatic role during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadida Yasmin
- Immunology and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Toffoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tamali Roy
- Immunology and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Balduit
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriella Zito
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (NIRRCH), Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Gál L, Fóthi Á, Orosz G, Nagy S, Than NG, Orbán TI. Exosomal small RNA profiling in first-trimester maternal blood explores early molecular pathways of preterm preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321191. [PMID: 38455065 PMCID: PMC10917917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe obstetrical syndrome characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria and it is often associated with fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). PE leads to long-term health complications, so early diagnosis would be crucial for timely prevention. There are multiple etiologies and subtypes of PE, and this heterogeneity has hindered accurate identification in the presymptomatic phase. Recent investigations have pointed to the potential role of small regulatory RNAs in PE, and these species, which travel in extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the circulation, have raised the possibility of non-invasive diagnostics. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of exosomal regulatory small RNAs in the most severe subtype of PE with IUGR. Methods We isolated exosomal EVs from first-trimester peripheral blood plasma samples of women who later developed preterm PE with IUGR (n=6) and gestational age-matched healthy controls (n=14). The small RNA content of EVs and their differential expression were determined by next-generation sequencing and further validated by quantitative real-time PCR. We also applied the rigorous exceRpt bioinformatics pipeline for small RNA identification, followed by target verification and Gene Ontology analysis. Results Overall, >2700 small RNAs were identified in all samples and, of interest, the majority belonged to the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways. Among the RNAi species, 16 differentially expressed microRNAs were up-regulated in PE, whereas up-regulated and down-regulated members were equally found among the six identified Piwi-associated RNAs. Gene ontology analysis of the predicted small RNA targets showed enrichment of genes in pathways related to immune processes involved in decidualization, placentation and embryonic development, indicating that dysregulation of the induced small RNAs is connected to the impairment of immune pathways in preeclampsia development. Finally, the subsequent validation experiments revealed that the hsa_piR_016658 piRNA is a promising biomarker candidate for preterm PE associated with IUGR. Discussion Our rigorously designed study in a homogeneous group of patients unraveled small RNAs in circulating maternal exosomes that act on physiological pathways dysregulated in preterm PE with IUGR. Therefore, our small RNA hits are not only suitable biomarker candidates, but the revealed biological pathways may further inform us about the complex pathology of this severe PE subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gál
- Gene Regulation Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ábel Fóthi
- Gene Regulation Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Orosz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Nagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Petz Aladár University Teaching Hospital, Győr, Hungary
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary
| | - Nándor Gábor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary
- Genesis Theranostix Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás I. Orbán
- Gene Regulation Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Bralewska M, Pietrucha T, Sakowicz A. The Role of Catestatin in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2461. [PMID: 38473713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a unique pregnancy disorder affecting women across the world. It is characterized by the new onset of hypertension with coexisting end-organ damage. Although the disease has been known for centuries, its exact pathophysiology and, most importantly, its prevention remain elusive. The basis of its associated molecular changes has been attributed to the placenta and the hormones regulating its function. One such hormone is chromogranin A (CgA). In the placenta, CgA is cleaved to form a variety of biologically active peptides, including catestatin (CST), known inter alia for its vasodilatory effects. Recent studies indicate that the CST protein level is diminished both in patients with hypertension and those with PE. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review the most recent and most relevant in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to provide an overview of the proposed impact of CST on the molecular processes of PE and to consider the possibilities for future experiments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Bralewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
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Adu-Gyamfi EA, Salamah J, Cheeran EA, Lee BK. Bisphenol S moderately decreases the expression of syncytiotrophoblast marker genes and induces apoptosis in human trophoblast lineages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123259. [PMID: 38159624 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS) is currently used in the manufacturing of several household equipment such as water pipes and food containers. Hence, its entrance into the human body is almost inevitable. The presence of BPS in body fluids has been reported. However, its potential toxicity, especially on human placenta development and pregnancy progression, has not been explored. In this study, we assessed the impacts of BPS on the self-renewal and differentiation potentials of placental stem cells, also known as trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), by exposing them to three different BPS concentrations during their self-renewal and differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast (ST), extravillous trophoblast (EVT), and trophoblast organoids. Interestingly, BPS treatment did not affect the stemness, cell cycle and proliferation of the TSCs but it induced apoptosis in each trophoblast lineage. BPS altered the expression of several fusion-related genes. However, this alteration did not translate into significant morphological defects in the STs and organoids. Moreover, BPS did not impair the differentiation of TSCs into EVTs. These findings suggest that the presence of BPS at the feto-maternal interface may exaggerate trophoblast apoptosis and moderately inhibit the trophoblast fusion pathway to affect placenta development and pregnancy. Our study offers valuable insights into the potential toxicity of BPS on human placenta development, emphasizing the need for epidemiological assessment of the relationship between maternal serum levels of BPS and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Joudi Salamah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Elisha Ann Cheeran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Bum-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
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10
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Lekva T, Michelsen AE, Roland MCP, Norwitz ER, Estensen ME, Olstad OK, Akkouh IA, Henriksen T, Bollerslev J, Aukrust P, Ueland T. Increased ferroptosis in leukocytes from preeclamptic women involving the long non-coding taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1). J Intern Med 2024; 295:181-195. [PMID: 37870937 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis plays a key role in placental development and physiology, and abnormal ferroptosis has been implicated in trophoblast injury leading to preeclampsia (PE). We hypothesize that leukocytes isolated from PE exhibit increased ferroptosis and that extracellular vesicles contain long non-coding (lnc) RNA/mRNAs that modulate oxidative stress and iron toxicity in vascular endothelial cells. METHODS We measured the expression of key regulators of ferroptosis in leukocytes and extracellular vesicles as well as circulating biomarkers of iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in plasma from women with/without PE at different timepoints during pregnancy. For markers that were dysregulated, we assessed their temporal correlation with established markers of disease activity and marker of endothelial activation. For markers dysregulated in early pregnancy, we assessed their ability to predict the development of PE. RESULTS We found decreased lncRNA/mRNAs in leukocytes, but not extracellular vesicles, in PE that may modulate oxidative stress and iron toxicity. This decrease in anti-ferroptotic markers does not appear to be related to maternal disease activity or plasma oxidative stress status but rather to attenuated anti-inflammatory expression in these cells. Circulating ferritin was elevated in PE, supporting the hypothesis that PE represents a disbalance in iron homeostasis. Low lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 RNA levels in leukocytes at 22-24 weeks were strongly associated with the development of PE. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maternal leukocytes in PE show decreased anti-ferroptotic activity that correlates with anti-inflammatory expression. Moreover, some of these changes in ferroptotic activity appear to precede the development of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika Elisabet Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Errol R Norwitz
- Newton-Wellesley Hospital and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ole Kristoffer Olstad
- The Blood Cell Research Group, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ibrahim A Akkouh
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, NORMENT, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Henriksen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Bollerslev
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Valiati N, Puel EM, Stefani CM, Lataro RM. Does probiotic ingestion reduce the risk of preeclampsia? A systematic review. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:135-147. [PMID: 37844331 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to systematically review the literature on the effects of probiotic consumption on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) development. Eight databases, clinical trial registries, and grey literature were searched until February 2022. Studies were included if they (1) were randomized clinical trials (RCTs), (2) included pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years old, (3) used probiotics products, and (4) were written in the Latin alphabet. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the risk ratio as the effect measure with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PE. The search strategy identified 359 records, from which six RCTs were included. The six RCTs evaluated pregnant women with comorbidities and enrolled 593 women that received probiotics and 625 receiving placebo. None of the included RCTs analyzed healthy women. Probiotics increased by 12% the PE risk (RR 1.12, 95% CI, CI = 0.83-1.53, p = 0.46, χ2 = 3.31, df = 5 (p = 0.65), I2 = 0%). The certainty of the evidence, evaluated through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach, was rated as very low. In conclusion, probiotics supplementation may slightly increase PE rates in pregnant women with comorbidities. The risk may be higher in obese women and for periods of ingestion longer than eight weeks. However, the evidence certainty is very low. PROSPERO registration No.CRD42021278611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Valiati
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Esthela M Puel
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cristine M Stefani
- Department of DentistryFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Renata M Lataro
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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12
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Abbas MA, Abo Shady HM, Ahmed Elshafey OH, Al-Sheikh NM. Association between expression levels of p53, miRNA-21, and lncRNA-TCL6 and the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women. Gene 2024; 893:147932. [PMID: 37898451 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a hypertensive pregnancy-related disorder. The etiology of preeclampsia is still not fully elucidated. Genetic factors are suggested to play a vital role. AIM The association between p53, miRNA-21, and lncRNA-TCL6 expression levels and the risk of preeclampsia and its onset and severity in pregnant women was evaluated. METHOD Expression levels of the analyzed RNAs were assessed in the serum samples from 75 preeclamptic pregnant women and 75 volunteer pregnant women with an uncomplicated pregnancy. RESULTS Cases showed upregulated p53, lnc-TCL6, and downregulated miRNA-21. P53 expression and preeclampsia severity were substantially correlated, while miRNA-21 and lnc-TCL6 were not. None of them was associated with preeclampsia onset. In diagnosing preeclampsia, p53 had the best sensitivity (98.67 %), followed by miRNA-21 (97.33 %) and lnc-TCL6 (92 %). P53 had the highest sensitivity (68.42 %) for distinguishing mild from severe cases. Lnc-TCL6 exhibited 52.63 % sensitivity, while miRNA-21 had 52.63 % sensitivity. Finally, for discriminating early and late-onset cases, miRNA-21 demonstrated the highest sensitivity (66 %), followed by p53 (62 %) and lnc-TCL6 (54 %). P53 expression was inversely correlated with proteinuria. Parity, TLC, platelet count, AST, and ALT were positively correlated, while lnc-TCL6 expression was negatively correlated with miRNA-21 expression. However, parity negatively correlated with lnc-TCL6 expression. CONCLUSION P53, miRNA-21, and lnc-TCL6 were dysregulated in preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy, highlighting the role of apoptosis in its development. P53 can be a prognostic marker for preeclampsia, discriminating between mild and severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ahmed Abbas
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Heba Maged Abo Shady
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | | | - Nevein M Al-Sheikh
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
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13
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Kurmanova A, Urazbayeva G, Terlikbayeva A, Salimbaeva D, Ayazbekov A. Diagnostic significance of blood lymphocyte activation markers in pre-eclampsia. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 215:94-103. [PMID: 37921073 PMCID: PMC10776238 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive and innate immune system is important in both initiating and preventing functional disorders during pregnancy, one of which is pre-eclampsia. The research aims to conduct the comparative quantification of selected subpopulations of peripheral blood immunoregulatory cells in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia in the third trimester. The marker receptors CD4, CD8, CD95, CD25, and CD27 and the marker antigen HLA-DR were considered. The screening was performed by flow cytometry with dual phenotyping using phycoerythrin- and fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled monoclonal antibodies. Data processing consisted in calculating a likelihood value to assess the statistical significance of the difference between the samples. A statistically significant decrease in the subpopulation titer of T and B lymphocytes with marker receptors CD4, CD8, and CD19 was found in pre-eclampsia patients. In the CD4 carrier T-lymphocyte population, there was an increased expression of the CD25/CD95 activation and apoptosis markers. In the CD8 T-killer population, a decreased representation of the CD27/CD25/CD95 markers of differentiation, activation, and apoptosis was deterministic. The expression pattern of the major histocompatibility complex antigen HLA-DR did not change significantly in normality and pathology. The titer of peripheral natural killer cells carrying the CD56 marker increased in patients with various degrees of disease severity, while the number of CD16 natural killer remained at the level of the control group. The research results suggest that a change in the ratio of the above receptors is a diagnostic indicator for pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almagul Kurmanova
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
- Department of Science and Strategic Development, Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gulfairuz Urazbayeva
- Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Terlikbayeva
- Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Damilya Salimbaeva
- Department of Science and Strategic Development, Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ardak Ayazbekov
- Department of Obstetrician and Gynecology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Republic of Kazakhstan
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14
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Sengul M, Karadas B, Acar-Sahan S, Simsek F, Horoz E, Özok IC, Temiz T. Functional and Histological Changes in Umbilical Artery and Myometrium Isolated from IUGR Complicated Pregnancies. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:845-859. [PMID: 37578058 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2245892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relaxation responses mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels and big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels and histological changes in the human umbilical artery (HUA) and myometrium smooth muscle isolated from pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Methods: The muscle reactivity and the histology of the smooth muscle of the HUA and myometrium retrieved from 14 women with IUGR and 14 controls were investigated by the isolated tissue bath and immunohistochemical method.Results: In HUA, the maximum relaxation responses and pD2 values of nifedipine and NS11021 (BKCa channel opener) were significantly increased and significant histopathological changes are observed in the IUGR group.Conclusions: The pathogenesis of IUGR might be associated with the impairment in the functional responses of L-type Ca2+ channels and BKCa channels in HUA smooth muscle. The increased staining of myometrium and UC with HIF-1α in IUGR may indicate apoptosis, histological damage, and impaired fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sengul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Baris Karadas
- Department of Pharmacology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Selin Acar-Sahan
- Department of Pharmacology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Fatma Simsek
- Department of Histology and Embryology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Ersan Horoz
- Department of Pharmacology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Işık Cem Özok
- Department of Pharmacology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Tijen Temiz
- Department of Pharmacology Izmir, Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
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15
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Guo Y, Huang C, Xu C, Qiu L, Yang F. Dysfunction of ZNF554 promotes ROS-induced apoptosis and autophagy in Fetal Growth Restriction via the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Placenta 2023; 143:34-44. [PMID: 37804692 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the most common complications of an abnormal pregnancy. Placental dysplasia has been established as a significant contributing factor to FGR. Zinc finger protein 554 (ZNF554) is a member of the Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger protein subfamily, primarily expressed in the placenta and essential for maintaining normal pregnancy outcomes. However, its precise role in FGR remains uncertain. In this study, we confirmed that ZNF554 was low expressed in the placenta of the FGR pregnancy. To further elucidate the impact of ZNF554 on trophoblasts, we conducted experiments using siRNA and overexpression plasmids on HTR8/SVneo and JEG3 cells. Our findings revealed that silencing ZNF554 increased apoptosis and inhibited migration and invasion, while overexpression reduced apoptosis and promoted migration and invasion. Notably, ZNF554 knockdown decreased cellular antioxidant capacity and elevated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Conversely, ZNF554 activated the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway, exerting its antioxidant effects. Additionally, ZNF554 knockdown promoted cellular autophagy by suppressing P62 and enhancing LC3-II/LC3-I expression. Importantly, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially mitigated the impact of ZNF554 knockdown on mitochondrial ROS in trophoblast cells and subsequent effects on cellular autophagy and apoptosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that ZNF554 plays a pivotal role in modulating trophoblast cell invasion and may serve as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Guo
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Chuyi Huang
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Cailing Xu
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Liyan Qiu
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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16
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Spencer R, Maksym K, Hecher K, Maršál K, Figueras F, Ambler G, Whitwell H, Nené NR, Sebire NJ, Hansson SR, Diemert A, Brodszki J, Gratacós E, Ginsberg Y, Weissbach T, Peebles DM, Zachary I, Marlow N, Huertas-Ceballos A, David AL. Maternal PlGF and umbilical Dopplers predict pregnancy outcomes at diagnosis of early-onset fetal growth restriction. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e169199. [PMID: 37712421 PMCID: PMC10503803 DOI: 10.1172/jci169199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDSevere, early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) causes significant fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Predicting the outcome of affected pregnancies at the time of diagnosis is difficult, thus preventing accurate patient counseling. We investigated the use of maternal serum protein and ultrasound measurements at diagnosis to predict fetal or neonatal death and 3 secondary outcomes: fetal death or delivery at or before 28+0 weeks, development of abnormal umbilical artery (UmA) Doppler velocimetry, and slow fetal growth.METHODSWomen with singleton pregnancies (n = 142, estimated fetal weights [EFWs] below the third centile, less than 600 g, 20+0 to 26+6 weeks of gestation, no known chromosomal, genetic, or major structural abnormalities) were recruited from 4 European centers. Maternal serum from the discovery set (n = 63) was analyzed for 7 proteins linked to angiogenesis, 90 additional proteins associated with cardiovascular disease, and 5 proteins identified through pooled liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Patient and clinician stakeholder priorities were used to select models tested in the validation set (n = 60), with final models calculated from combined data.RESULTSThe most discriminative model for fetal or neonatal death included the EFW z score (Hadlock 3 formula/Marsal chart), gestational age, and UmA Doppler category (AUC, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.97) but was less well calibrated than the model containing only the EFW z score (Hadlock 3/Marsal). The most discriminative model for fetal death or delivery at or before 28+0 weeks included maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) concentration and UmA Doppler category (AUC, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.94).CONCLUSIONUltrasound measurements and maternal serum PlGF concentration at diagnosis of severe, early-onset FGR predicted pregnancy outcomes of importance to patients and clinicians.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02097667.FUNDINGThe European Union, Rosetrees Trust, Mitchell Charitable Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Spencer
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kasia Maksym
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karel Maršál
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Francesc Figueras
- Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi í Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gareth Ambler
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Whitwell
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Phenome Centre and Imperial Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and
- Section of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nuno Rocha Nené
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J. Sebire
- Population, Policy and Practice Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan R. Hansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anke Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana Brodszki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi í Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yuval Ginsberg
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tal Weissbach
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Donald M. Peebles
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Zachary
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Marlow
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Huertas-Ceballos
- Neonatal Department, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna L. David
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Wang M, Zheng L, Ma S, Lin R, Li J, Yang S. Biogenesis and function of exosome lncRNAs and their role in female pathological pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1191721. [PMID: 37745705 PMCID: PMC10515720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1191721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and recurrent spontaneous abortion are common maternal pregnancy complications that seriously endanger women's lives and health, and their occurrence is increasing year after year with a rejuvenation trend. In contrast to biomarkers found freely in tissues or body fluids, exosomes exist in a relatively independent environment and provide a higher level of stability. As backbone molecules, guidance molecules, and signaling molecules in the nucleus, lncRNAs can regulate gene expression. In the cytoplasm, lncRNAs can influence gene expression levels by modifying mRNA stability, acting as competitive endogenous RNAs to bind miRNAs, and so on. Exosomal lncRNAs can exist indefinitely and are important in intercellular communication and signal transduction. Changes in maternal serum exosome lncRNA expression can accurately and timely reflect the progression and regression of pregnancy-related diseases. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for clinical research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment methods of pregnancy-related diseases by reviewing the role of exosome lncRNAs in female pathological pregnancy and related molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixin Lin
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuli Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Zhou J, Zhao Y, An P, Zhao H, Li X, Xiong Y. Hsa_circ_0002348 regulates trophoblast proliferation and apoptosis through miR-126-3p/BAK1 axis in preeclampsia. J Transl Med 2023; 21:509. [PMID: 37507742 PMCID: PMC10375637 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs. Abnormal placenta and vascular function can lead to preeclampsia. Accumulating evidence has suggested a potential link between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and preeclampsia. As a placenta and endothelial-expressed circRNA, hsa_circ_0002348, may be promising to be the novel molecular target for preeclampsia. However, the function and mechanism of hsa_circ_0002348 in preeclampsia has not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS An overlap analysis of two circRNA profiles from placenta and endothelial cells was used to identify a functionally unknown circRNA, hsa_circ_0002348. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) were used to detect its expression in the trophoblast cells and placental tissues. The mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced preeclampsia was established to determine the in vivo role of hsa_circ_0002348. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, western blot, gain- and loss-of-function and rescue experiments were conducted to uncover the role of hsa_circ_0002348 and its interaction with miR-126-3p and BAK1 in regulating trophoblast proliferation and apoptosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to examine the expression of miR-126-3p and BAK1 in mice and human placentas, respectively. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0002348 was significantly increased in the preeclampsia placentas, and positively correlated with the severity of preeclampsia patients' clinical manifestations. Its overexpression exacerbated preeclampsia-like features in the mouse model of LPS-induced preeclampsia. Functionally, hsa_circ_0002348 was found to inhibit trophoblast proliferation and promote trophoblast apoptosis. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0002348, as an endogenous miR-126-3p sponge, upregulated the expression of BAK1. Additionally, both hsa_circ_0002348 knockdown and miR-126-3p overexpression enhanced the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Hsa_circ_0002348 might be a novel regulator of trophoblast proliferation and apoptosis through miR-126-3p/BAK1 axis in preeclampsia, which may serve as a potential target for detecting and treating preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizi Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping An
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanqiang Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Xiong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Zhao L, Xin S, Wu Y, Huang S, Xu K, Xu Y, Ruan D, Wu B, Chen D, He X. Global DNA and protein interactomes of FLT1P1 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 pseudogene 1) revealed its molecular regulatory functions associated with preeclampsia. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1267-1279. [PMID: 36451001 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most serious pregnancy complications with unknown pathogenesis. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) is highly involved in PE development. As a pseudogene of FLT1, FLT1P1 increased in PE samples. However, its functions remain largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, co-expression analysis was performed to identify the potential target genes of FTL1P1. Then chromatin isolation using RNA purification (ChIRP) method was employed to explore the interactomes of FLT1P1, including interacting with DNA fragments and proteins. We found that in PE samples, both FLT1P1 and FLT1 were highly expressed and closely correlated. ChIRP-protein data revealed that FLT1P1 interacts with translation- and transcription-related proteins, including 4 transcription factors (TFs). ChIRP-DNA analysis revealed that FLT1P1 preferentially interacted with DNA fragments downstream of transcription start sites (TSSs). Functional analysis of its interacting genes revealed that they were enriched in transcriptional regulation and apoptosis-related pathways. Twenty-six TFs, including CREB1 and SRF, were extracted from the potential FLT1P1-interacting gene sets and were potential targets of FLT1P1. CREB1 could bind to FLT1 promoter, and was negatively correlated with FLT1 at the expression level, making it a potential regulator of FLT1. CONCLUSIONS Our study extensively investigated the interactome profiles of FLT1P1, especially the prompter region of TF gene CREB1, and revealed the potential molecular regulatory mechanisms of FLT1 expression in PE samples. Our results provide a novel view of PE pathogenesis, and suggest that FLT1P1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in PE diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Xin
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal, Child Health Hospital Afflicted to Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Wu
- Center for Genome Analysis, Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangxiang Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Ruan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqi Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Chen
- Center for Genome Analysis, Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoju He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Pang H, Lei D, Huang J, Guo Y, Fan C. Elevated PGT promotes proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis in preeclampsia by Erk signaling pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 67:101896. [PMID: 36731680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandins participate in maternal recognition of pregnancy, implantation and maintenance of gestation. Prostaglandin transporter (PGT), as a candidate molecule of prostaglandin carriers, might be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. In preeclampsia (PE) patients' placental tissue, we identified PGT by RNA sequencing, measured its expression pattern by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. PGT was found to be upregulated in preeclamptic placental tissue. The expression pattern of PGT in PE was double confirmed by eight Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. In abortion tissues at 6-8 weeks, we then observed the cellular location of PGT by Immunofluorescence technique (IF) and found PGT located in trophoblast cell of the placenta of early pregnancy. In vitro studies revealed that forced expression of PGT in HTR8/Sveno cell inhibited its apoptosis, but promoted its proliferation by activating Erk signaling. In vivo study, we used reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model and L-NAME-induced preeclampsia-like rats to study the possible role of PGT in preeclampsia. And PGT was found to be upregulated in both preeclampsia rat models by Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Newly identified PGT plays an important role in trophoblast proliferation via Erk signaling, providing new insights for understanding the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Pang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Di Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jinfa Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yuping Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, PR China.
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21
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Mercnik MH, Schliefsteiner C, Fluhr H, Wadsack C. Placental macrophages present distinct polarization pattern and effector functions depending on clinical onset of preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1095879. [PMID: 36713449 PMCID: PMC9878680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1095879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are resident macrophages of the human placenta, regulating immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis. HBCs of a normal placenta (CTR) exhibit mainly an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Under exaggerated chronic inflammation during pregnancy, as in preeclampsia (PE), a phenotypic switch towards M1 polarization has been proposed. PE, defined as maternally derived syndrome can be distinguished into two different entities: early-onset (EO) preeclampsia and late-onset (LO) preeclampsia. Although the clinical presenting characteristics overlap, both can be identified by biochemical markers, heritability, and different maternal and fetal outcomes. To date, no study has specifically investigated polarization and phenotype of EO- and LO-PE HBCs and looked at possible changes in HBC functionality. Primary HBCs were isolated from CTR and PE placentae. First, in vitro morphological differences were observed between CTR and PE HBCs, with both PE groups exhibiting features of M1 macrophages alongside M2 forms. Interestingly, a different polarization pattern was observed between EO- and LO-PE HBCs. EO-PE HBCs develop a tissue remodeling M2 phenotype that is strongly shifted toward M1 polarization and showed a significant upregulation of CD86, TLR4, and HLA-DR. Furthermore, this pro-inflammatory signature is corroborated by higher expression of IRF5 and of NOS2 (p ≤ 0.05). However, their M2 characteristics is reflected by significant TGF-β secretion and ARG1 expression. In contrast, LO-PE HBCs developed a phagocytic CD209-low M2 phenotype in which the M1 pattern was not as pronounced as they downregulated the NOS2 gene, but expressed increased levels of pro-inflammatory CD80 and TLR1 (p ≤ 0.05). The enhanced phagocytosis and MMP-9 secretion alongside the increased secretion of anti-inflammatory IL -4, IL -13 and TGF-β in both EO- and LO-PE HBCs suggests their adaptive role and plasticity in resolving inflammation and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Christian Wadsack,
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22
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Tian F, Han H, Jia L, Zhang J, Chu Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Yan P. The effects of mifepristone on the structure of human decidua and chorion and Bax and Bcl-2 expression at early stage of pregnancy. BMC PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 23:55. [PMID: 35869506 PMCID: PMC9308227 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background As a progesterone receptor antagonist, mifepristone combined with misoprostol is widely used to terminate early pregnancy in clinical practice. It has also been reported that mifepristone may cause cell death in decidual cells and result in hemorrhage of the decidua and insufficient blood supply. However, little is known about the histological effects of mifepristone on human decidua and chorion. Methods Histological and subcellular structural changes of decidua and chorionic villi from women taking mifepristone at early pregnancy times were examined by Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and transmission Electron microscope. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax/Bcl-2 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results After 48 h of mifepristone administration, the decidua tissue and chorionic villus structures were altered in women within 39–49 days of gestation and displayed varying degrees of degeneration and necrosis-like features. Apoptotic events were observed in the decidua and chorionic villi of early pregnancy, and mifepristone treatment significantly increases the number of apoptotic cells. The increased apoptotic events were concomitant with the increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion This study provides evidence that mifepristone induces histological and subcellular changes in decidua and chorionic villi. Mifepristone modulates the relative ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and the increased apoptosis contributes to the pregnancy termination at early stage of pregnancy.
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23
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Milyutina YP, Korenevskii AV, Vasilyeva VV, Bochkovskii SK, Ishchenko AM, Simbirtsev AS, Sokolov DI, Selkov SA. Caspase Activation in Trophoblast Cells after Interacting with Microparticles Produced by Natural Killer Cells in vitro. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302206014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Marable CA, Roell K, Kuban K, O’Shea TM, Fry RC. Placental transcriptional signatures associated with cerebral white matter damage in the neonate. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1017953. [PMID: 36389237 PMCID: PMC9650394 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1017953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral white matter is the most common anatomic location of neonatal brain injury in preterm newborns. Factors that predispose preterm newborns to white matter damage are understudied. In relation to studies of the placenta-brain-axis, dysregulated placental gene expression may play a role in preterm brain damage given its implication in programming early life origins of disease, including neurological disorders. There is a critical need to investigate the relationships between the placental transcriptome and white matter damage in the neonate. In a cohort of extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs), we aimed to investigate the relationship between the placental transcriptome and white matter damage as assessed by neonatal cranial ultrasound studies (echolucency and/or ventriculomegaly). We hypothesized that genes involved in inflammatory processes would be more highly expressed in placentas of ELGANs who developed ultrasound-defined indicators of white matter damage. Relative to either form of white matter damage, 659 placental genes displayed altered transcriptional profiles. Of these white matter damage-associated genes, largely distinct patterns of gene expression were observed in the study (n = 415/659 genes). Specifically, 381 genes were unique to echolucency and 34 genes were unique to ventriculomegaly. Pathways involved in hormone disruption and metabolism were identified among the unique echolucency or ventriculomegaly genes. Interestingly, a common set of 244 genes or 37% of all genes was similarly dysregulated in the placenta relative to both echolucency and ventriculomegaly. For this common set of white matter damage-related genes, pathways involved in inflammation, immune response and apoptosis, were enriched. Among the white matter damage-associated genes are genes known to be involved in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and endocrine system disorders. These data highlight differential mRNA expression patterning in the placenta and provide insight into potential etiologic factors that may predispose preterm newborns to white matter damage. Future studies will build upon this work to include functional measures of neurodevelopment as well as measures of brain volume later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Amelia Marable
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kyle Roell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Karl Kuban
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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25
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Wang X, Yu S, Jian Y, Pan H, Guo J, Wu J, Guo W. Hydrogen sulfide against preeclampsia exposure-induced oxidative mitochondrial damage in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1023982. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1023982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extravillous trophoblast invasion disorder caused by oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). In order to identify whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can prevent oxidative stress injury in extravillous trophoblasts. HTR-8/SVneo cells were detected by H2S inhibiting H2O2 induced oxidative mitochondrial damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). JC-1 detected the potential of the mitochondrial membrane in this experiment. Then to detect the expression level of the apoptosis-inducing protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein (Bax), caspase 3, p53, p-p53, the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2, PRAP, and the mitochondria fission protein Drp1, p-Drp1. CCK-8 assay, it was demonstrated that cell proliferation in the NaHS group was significantly higher than that in the Mod group, indicating that H2S may induce cell proliferation. Transwell assay elucidated that cell invasion in the NaHS group was recovered compared to the Mod group. ROS concentration no matter in cells or mitochondria was decreased by NaHS, which we could get from the comparison between the Mod group, PAG group, and NaHS group. The concentration of MDA was significantly lower in the NaHS group, and the concentration of SOD was extremely high in the NaHS group. Utilized JC-1 to detect mitochondrial membrane potential and found that cells from the NaHS group had a stable potential while cells from the Mod group and PAG group partly lost their potential, which could demonstrate that NaHS could maintain mitochondrial membrane potential. The western blot results revealed that p-Drp1 had a significant decline in the NaHS group, which means mitochondria fission was decreased in the NaHS group. The expression level of Bax and caspase 3 was significantly lower than in the Mod group and PAG group, and the expression level of Bcl-and PRAP was significantly higher in the NaHS group. That could prove that NaHS protect HTR-8/SVneo cell by inhibiting cell apoptosis. These promising results show that H2S elicits its effects on cell apoptosis by decreasing ROS concentration, maintaining mitochondrial membrane stability, and promoting apoptosis-inhibiting protein expression in cells.
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26
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Li M, Cui L, Zhang J, Wang S, Du M. The Critical Roles of Circular RNAs in Basic Research and Clinical Application of Female Reproductive-Related Diseases. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1421-1434. [PMID: 36197632 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), produced by precursor mRNAs, are a type of covalently closed circular molecule without 5' caps and 3' polyadenylated tails. Recently, advances in high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics and bioinformatics, have revealed that circRNAs with specific traits in tissue or cells play emerging roles in both physiological and panthological contexts instead of as simple by-products of transcription. However, bringing circRNAs to the forefront of clinical practice is still a long way off. In this review, we highlight the progress in the formation and function of circRNAs, and how circRNAs work in female reproductive-related diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and endometriosis. We also discussed the clinical potential of circRNAs as biomarkers, and therapeutic agents in female reproductive diseases as well as research controversies, technical issues, and biological knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. This review may instruct future basic research and clinical applications on circRNAs, especially in female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, ZhaoZhou Road 413, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiYuan Cui
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, ZhaoZhou Road 413, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songcun Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, ZhaoZhou Road 413, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meirong Du
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, ZhaoZhou Road 413, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China.
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27
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Gao XX, Lin S, Jiang PY, Ye MY, Chen W, Hu CX, Chen YH. Gestational cholestasis induced intrauterine growth restriction through triggering IRE1α-mediated apoptosis of placental trophoblast cells. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22388. [PMID: 35639049 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101844rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal experimental studies suggest an association between gestational cholestasis and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Here, we explored the mechanism through which gestational cholestasis induced IUGR. To establish gestational cholestasis model, pregnant mice were subcutaneously injected with 17α-Ethynylestradiol (E2) on gestational day 13 (GD13)-GD17. Some pregnant mice were intraperitoneally injected with 4μ8C on GD13-GD17. The results found that the apoptosis of trophoblast cells was elevated in placentas of mice with gestational cholestasis and in deoxycholic acid (DCA)-treated human trophoblast cell lines and primary mouse trophoblast cells. Correspondingly, the levels of placental cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were increased, while placental Bcl2 level was decreased in mice with gestational cholestasis and in DCA-treated trophoblast cells. Further analysis found that placental IRE1α pathway was activated in mice with gestational cholestasis and in DCA-treated trophoblast cells. Interestingly, 4μ8C, an IRE1α RNase inhibitor, significantly inhibited caspase-3 activity and apoptosis of trophoblast cells in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, 4μ8C rescued gestational cholestasis-induced placental insufficiency and IUGR. Furthermore, a case-control study demonstrated that placental IRE1α and caspase-3 pathways were activated in cholestasis cases. Our results provide evidence that gestational cholestasis induces placental insufficiency and IUGR may be via triggering IRE1α-mediated apoptosis of placental trophoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pei-Ying Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Ying Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuan-Xiang Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Types of necroinflammation, the effect of cell death modalities on sterile inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:423. [PMID: 35501340 PMCID: PMC9061831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Distinct types of immune responses are activated by infections, which cause the development of type I, II, or III inflammation, regulated by Th1, Th2, Th17 helper T cells and ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 cells, respectively. While the classification of immune responses to different groups of pathogens is widely accepted, subtypes of the immune response elicited by sterile inflammation have not yet been detailed. Necroinflammation is associated with the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) from dying cells. In this review, we present that the distinct molecular mechanisms activated during apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis lead to the release of different patterns of DAMPs and their suppressors, SAMPs. We summarize the currently available data on how regulated cell death pathways and released DAMPs and SAMPs direct the differentiation of T helper and ILC cells. Understanding the subtypes of necroinflammation can be crucial in developing strategies for the treatment of sterile inflammatory diseases caused by cell death processes.
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29
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Kahramanoglu Ö, Schiattarella A, Demirci O, Sisti G, Ammaturo FP, Trotta C, Ferrari F, Rapisarda AMC. Preeclampsia: state of art and future perspectives. A special focus on possible preventions. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:766-777. [PMID: 35469530 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2048810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterised by the new onset of hypertension after the 20th week of pregnancy, with or without proteinuria or hypertension that leads to end-organ dysfunction. Since the only definitive treatment is delivery, PE still represents one of the leading causes of preterm birth and perinatal mobility and mortality. Therefore, any strategies that aim to reduce adverse outcomes are based on early primary prevention, prenatal surveillance and prophylactic interventions. In the last decade, intense research has been focussed on the study of predictive models in order to identify women at higher risk accurately. To date, the most effective screening model is based on the combination of anamnestic, demographic, biophysical and maternal biochemical factors. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion about the current and future perspectives in the field of PE. We will examine pathogenesis, risk factors and clinical features. Moreover, recent developments in screening and prevention strategies, novel therapies and healthcare management strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Kahramanoglu
- Department of Perinatology, Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Antonio Schiattarella
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Oya Demirci
- Department of Perinatology, Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Sisti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Health and Hospitals/Lincoln, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Franco Pietro Ammaturo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Trotta
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Ferrari
- Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Novel insights into the SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis signaling pathways in preeclampsia patients: identifying pannexin 1 and toll-like receptor 4 as innovative prospective diagnostic biomarkers. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1115-1124. [PMID: 35325354 PMCID: PMC9107567 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ferroptosis is associated with oxidative stress (OS) and is caused by iron-dependent lipid-peroxidative damage, but its role in PE is unclear. The aim of this study is to determine whether pannexin 1 (Panx1) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are key regulators of ferroptosis in PE. METHODS The study included 65 patients with PE and 25 healthy pregnant women. In normal and PE placental tissues, OS and ferroptosis markers, including Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) activity, were estimated. Panx1 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) mRNA expression levels were relatively quantified in placental tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while serum Panx1, serum TLR4, and placental activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In placental tissues, Panx1 and TLR4 expression levels were significantly increased in patients with PE compared to controls and were positively correlated with pro-ferroptosis mediators such as placental Fe2+ and MDA levels and negatively correlated with anti-ferroptosis regulators such as placental GSH level, HO-1, and Gpx4 activity. Additionally, Panx1 and TLR4 had a positive correlation with ATF3 and a negative correlation with SLC7A11. Serum Panx1 and TLR4 levels were positively correlated with their placental tissue expression and showed good diagnostic capabilities for ferroptosis in PE. CONCLUSION Therefore, Panx1 and TLR4 are suggested to induce ferroptosis in PE via SLC7A11-mediated signaling pathways, offering a novel perspective on PE pathogenesis and novel diagnostic tools for PE.
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Appraisal of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Signal Transduction in the Duality of HIV Associated Pre-Eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 28:128-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, García-Montero C, Sáez MA, Álvarez-Mon MA, Torres-Carranza D, Álvarez-Mon M, Bujan J, García-Honduvilla N, Bravo C, Guijarro LG, De León-Luis JA. The Pivotal Role of the Placenta in Normal and Pathological Pregnancies: A Focus on Preeclampsia, Fetal Growth Restriction, and Maternal Chronic Venous Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030568. [PMID: 35159377 PMCID: PMC8833914 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a central structure in pregnancy and has pleiotropic functions. This organ grows incredibly rapidly during this period, acting as a mastermind behind different fetal and maternal processes. The relevance of the placenta extends far beyond the pregnancy, being crucial for fetal programming before birth. Having integrative knowledge of this maternofetal structure helps significantly in understanding the development of pregnancy either in a proper or pathophysiological context. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarize the main features of the placenta, with a special focus on its early development, cytoarchitecture, immunology, and functions in non-pathological conditions. In contraposition, the role of the placenta is examined in preeclampsia, a worrisome hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, in order to describe the pathophysiological implications of the placenta in this disease. Likewise, dysfunction of the placenta in fetal growth restriction, a major consequence of preeclampsia, is also discussed, emphasizing the potential clinical strategies derived. Finally, the emerging role of the placenta in maternal chronic venous disease either as a causative agent or as a consequence of the disease is equally treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-885-4540; Fax: +34-91-885-4885
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Sáez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH, 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Diego Torres-Carranza
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (M.A.Á.-M.); (D.T.-C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Coral Bravo
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (J.A.D.L.-L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), Department of System Biology, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. De León-Luis
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (J.A.D.L.-L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
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Mo Y, Chen Z, Liu X, Gong F, Huang H, Hua R, Fang Y, Liang F. Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 alleviates the progression of recurrent spontaneous abortion via the microRNA-183-5p/ZEB2 axis. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100611. [PMID: 35121558 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been elucidated to play vital roles in the phenotype of trophoblast cells. Nevertheless, the effect of SNHG1 has not been investigated on trophoblast cells in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). We aim to investigate the effect of SNHG1 on the phenotype of trophoblast cells during RSA. The RSA mice were established by mating female CBA/J mice with male DBA/2 mice. Microarray analysis was applied in RSA mice, and SNHG1 was identified as a significantly downregulated lncRNA. SNHG1 improved pregnancy outcome and reduced embryo resorption in RSA mice. Trophoblast cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were investigated by CCK8, EdU, TUNEL, wound healing, and Transwell assays. SNHG1 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast cells, and reduced apoptosis. Mechanistically, SNHG1 bound to miR-183-5p in trophoblast cells. Moreover, miR-183-5p directly targeted ZEB2. Rescue experiment showed that ZEB2 silencing reversed the ameliorative effect of SNHG1 on pregnancy outcome and the promotion of trophoblast activity in RSA mice by impaired the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In conclusion, we found that SNHG1 plays a critical role in the progression of RSA via miR-183-5p/ZEB2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It has potential to be a therapeutic marker of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mo
- Department of Science and Education, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zihong Chen
- The Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Department of Science and Education, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Fangqiang Gong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Science and Education, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yanhua Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Fangfang Liang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi, PR China.
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global respiratory disease with unique features that have placed all medical professionals in an alarming situation. Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy affecting 8%-10% of India's pregnant population. Assuming that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters host cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the resulting symptoms are due to vasoconstriction, caused by disturbances in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Other features of preeclampsia include endothelial dysfunction due to placental ischemia, leading to imbalances in angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors which result in increased blood pressure, proteinuria, altered hepatic enzymes, renal failure, and thrombocytopenia, amongst others. The increased prevalence of preeclampsia that was seen among mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection might be due to misdiagnosis, as COVID-19 and preeclampsia have coincidental medical features. The major similarities of SARS-CoV-2-infected and preeclamptic women are a rise in pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased serum ferritin and thrombocytopenia. Therefore, differential diagnosis might be difficult in pregnant women with COVID-19 who present with hypertension and proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, or elevated liver enzymes. The most promising markers for earlier diagnosis of preeclampsia is soluble endoglin (sEng), pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), and placental growth factor (PlGF). Due to placental hypoxia, sFlt-1 will be overproduced, thus inhibiting PlGF, and this alteration will be observed in the circulation five weeks or more before the onset of symptoms. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio may also be modified via infectious states, but unregulated levels of those mediators are related to placental insufficiency. Hence, pregnant women with COVID-19 may develop a preeclampsia-like syndrome that might be differentiated properly by angiogenic markers to avoid unnecessary interventions and induced preterm labor.
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Lokeswara AW, Hiksas R, Irwinda R, Wibowo N. Preeclampsia: From Cellular Wellness to Inappropriate Cell Death, and the Roles of Nutrition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:726513. [PMID: 34805141 PMCID: PMC8602860 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.726513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is one of the most common obstetrical complications worldwide. The pathomechanism of this disease begins with abnormal placentation in early pregnancy, which is associated with inappropriate decidualization, vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and spiral artery remodeling, leading to endothelial dysfunction. In these processes, appropriate cellular deaths have been proposed to play a pivotal role, including apoptosis and autophagy. The proper functioning of these physiological cell deaths for placentation depends on the wellbeing of the trophoblasts, affected by the structural and functional integrity of each cellular component including the cell membrane, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, genetics, and epigenetics. This cellular wellness, which includes optimal cellular integrity and function, is heavily influenced by nutritional adequacy. In contrast, nutritional deficiencies may result in the alteration of plasma membrane, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and changes in gene expression, DNA methylation, and miRNA expression, as well as weakened defense against environmental contaminants, hence inducing a series of inappropriate cellular deaths such as abnormal apoptosis and necrosis, and autophagy dysfunction and resulting in abnormal trophoblast invasion. Despite their inherent connection, the currently available studies examined the functions of each organelle, the cellular death mechanisms and the nutrition involved, both physiologically in the placenta and in preeclampsia, separately. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively discuss the relationship between each organelle in maintaining the physiological cell death mechanisms and the nutrition involved, and the interconnection between the disruptions in the cellular organelles and inappropriate cell death mechanisms, resulting in poor trophoblast invasion and differentiation, as seen in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angga Wiratama Lokeswara
- Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rabbania Hiksas
- Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rima Irwinda
- Maternal Fetal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Noroyono Wibowo
- Maternal Fetal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Scher MS. Neurologic Sequelae Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:945. [PMID: 34828658 PMCID: PMC8617864 DOI: 10.3390/children8110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) contribute to adverse gene-environment interactions prior to conception and continue throughout pregnancy. Embryonic/fetal brain disorders occur from interactions between genetic susceptibilities interacting with acquired diseases or conditions affecting the maternal/placental fetal (MPF) triad. Trimester-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, such as maternal immune activation and ischemic placental syndrome, contribute to adverse peripartum, neonatal and childhood outcomes. Two diagnostic approaches provide timelier diagnoses over the first 1000 days from conception until two years of age. Horizontal analyses assess the maturation of the triad, neonate and child. Vertical analyses consider systems-biology from genetic, molecular, cellular, tissue through organ networks during each developmental niche. Disease expressions associated with HDP have cumulative adverse effects across the lifespan when subjected to subsequent adverse events. Critical/sensitive periods of developmental neuroplasticity over the first 1000 days are more likely to result in permanent sequelae. Novel diagnostic approaches, beginning during pre-conception, will facilitate the development of effective preventive, rescue and reparative neurotherapeutic strategies in response to HDP-related trimester-specific disease pathways. Public health policies require the inclusion of women's health advocacy during and beyond their reproductive years to reduce sequelae experienced by mothers and their offspring. A lower global burden of neurologic disease from HDP will benefit future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Scher
- Pediatrics and Neurology, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology Fetal/Neonatal Neurology Program, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Pathare-Ingawale P, Chavan-Gautam P. The balance between cell survival and death in the placenta: Do neurotrophins have a role? Syst Biol Reprod Med 2021; 68:3-12. [PMID: 34615417 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2021.1980132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NT) are a closely related family of growth factors, which regulate the nervous system's development, maintenance, and function. Although NTs have been well studied in neuronal cells, they are also expressed in the placenta. Despite their suggested role in regulating fetoplacental development, their precise functional significance in the placenta remains elusive. NT activate two different classes of receptors. These include the Trk, tropomyosin-related kinase family of high-affinity tropomyosin-related kinase receptors, which induces cell survival, and the p75NTR, p75 neurotrophin receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor(TNF) receptor superfamily, which induces apoptosis in neuronal cells. Mature NT molecule results from proteolysis of a biologically active precursor form called pro-neurotrophins (pro-NT) by the intracellular proprotein convertase or furin. Pro-NTs have a regulatory role in determining cell survival and apoptosis. Here, we review the literature on the expression and functions of NTs and their receptors in the placenta and discuss their possible role in placental tissue development and apoptosis. The possible implications of imbalance in pro-NT and mature-NT levels for fetoplacental development are also discussed.Abbreviations AGE/ALEs: Advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products; Bax: Bcl 2 Associated X; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; FAS/FASL: Fas cell surface death receptor/ ligand; IUGR: Intrauterine growth restriction; JNK: c-Jun amino-terminal kinase; MAP: mitogen-activated protein k; mRNA: Messenger ribonucleic acid; NGF: Nerve growth factor; NT: Neurotrophins; NRAGE: Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homolog; NRIF: Neurotrophin receptor interacting factor; PE: Preeclampsia; PI3k: Phosphoinositide 3- kinase; PLC: Phospholipase C; p75NTR: p75 neurotrophin receptor; Pro-NT: Pro-neurotrophins; PTB: Preterm birth; p53: Tumor protein p53; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; TRAF: TNFR-associated factors; Trk: Tropomyosin-related kinase; siRNA: small interfering ribonucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Preeti Chavan-Gautam
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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Li Y, Zhao X, He B, Wu W, Zhang H, Yang X, Cheng W. Autophagy Activation by Hypoxia Regulates Angiogenesis and Apoptosis in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Preeclampsia. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:709751. [PMID: 34568425 PMCID: PMC8458810 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.709751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Autophagy influences a wide range of physiological and pathological processes in the human body. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE); autophagy activation by hypoxia could rescue impaired angiogenesis and apoptosis in preeclampsia, leading by ox-LDL. Methods: Transmission electron microscopy was applied to identify autolysosomes in trophoblast cells of the placenta apical region. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, flow cytometry, and wound-healing assays were adopted to determine autophagy activity, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in placenta tissues or HTR8/SVneo cells. Results: Autophagy activity was inhibited in the placenta of women who experienced EOPE; autophagy activation by hypoxia enhanced the migration ability, rescued ox-LDL–mediated impaired angiogenesis in HTR8/SVneo cells [vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) downregulation and FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (FLT1) upregulation], and protected against cell apoptosis (BAX downregulation). Conclusion: Autophagy could maintain the function of trophoblast cells by differentially regulating the expression of VEGFA and FLT1 and protecting against cell apoptosis at the maternal–fetal interface, potentially related to prevention of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueya Zhao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Biwei He
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Thomson S, Waters KA, Hennessy A, Machaalani R. The unfolded protein response and apoptotic regulation in the human placenta due to maternal cigarette smoking and pre-eclampsia. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:120-127. [PMID: 34492309 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal cigarette smoking (CS) and pre-eclampsia (PE) alter placental function and expression of important proteins which maintain homeostasis. Two interlinked pathways of interest are the unfolded protein response (UPR) and apoptosis. The UPR is upregulated in the PE placenta, but no data is available on the effects of CS and how it correlates with apoptotic expression. Samples of human placental tissue from normotensive non-smokers (n = 8), women with PE (n = 8), and CS (n = 8) were analysed using immunohistochemistry for 3 UPR markers (phosphorylated PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (pPERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)), and an antibody microarray for 19 apoptotic and stress regulating markers. For the PE group compared to the normotensive group, staining for pPERK was increased in decidual tissue and villi, and for IRE1, the overall percentage of stained villi per field of view was increased. There were no differences in UPR expression comparing CS to controls. Of the apoptotic markers, only IκBα (Ser32/36), which is part of an inhibitory pathway, showed a significant decrease in the PE and CS groups compared to controls. These findings suggest UPR regulation is more evident in PE with a general increase in ER stress due to decreased inhibition of apoptosis as compared to CS for which UPR was not altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thomson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - K A Waters
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - A Hennessy
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, 2751, Australia; Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - R Machaalani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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HIV Associated Preeclampsia: A Multifactorial Appraisal. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179157. [PMID: 34502066 PMCID: PMC8431090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This review explores angiogenesis, vascular dysfunction, the complement system, RAAS, apoptosis and NETosis as potential pathways that are dysregulated during preeclampsia, HIV infection and ART usage. Results: HIV-1 accessory and matrix proteins are protagonists for the elevation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and elevation of adhesion markers. Despite the immunodeficiency during HIV-1 infection, HIV-1 exploits our cellular defence arsenal by escaping cell-mediated lysis, yet HIV-1 infectivity is enhanced via C5a release of TNF-α and IL-6. This review demonstrates that PE is an oxidatively stressed microenvironment associated with increased apoptosis and NETosis, but with a decline in angiogenesis. Immune reconstitution in the duality of HIV-1 and PE by protease inhibitors, HAART and nucleoside reverse transcriptase, affect similar cellular pathways that eventuate in loss of endothelial cell integrity and, hence, its dysfunction. Conclusions: HIV-1 infection, preeclampsia and ARTs differentially affect endothelial cell function. In the synergy of both conditions, endothelial dysfunction predominates. This knowledge will help us to understand the effect of HIV infection and ART on immune reconstitution in preeclampsia.
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Diagnostic Value of Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Infants' Brain Development Retardation Caused by Pre-Eclampsia. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:5545178. [PMID: 34366725 PMCID: PMC8302371 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5545178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Pre-eclampsia (PE) can cause brain development delay in infants. This work aims to characterize the pattern differences of brain white matter development in premature infants under PE conditions and those without. Methods Eighty preterm infants delivered by women with PE were selected as the PE group, and ninety-six preterm infants of the same period born to women without high-risk perinatal factors were used as control. All infants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination. The fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in five regions of interests (ROIs), including posterior limbs of internal capsule (PLIC), splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), superior parietal lobule (SPL), and superior occipital gyrus (SOG). The relationship between the FA values and postmenstrual age (PMA) was analyzed. Results After adjusting for the birth weight and gestational ages, in the SCC and PLIC, the PMA and FA values showed a low-to-medium intensity positive correlation in the control group (r = 0.30, p=0.003; r = 0.53, p < 0.0001), while no positive relevance was detected in the PE group (r = 0.08, p=0.47; r = 0.19, p < 0.08). In the PE and control groups, in the SPL and SOG, the PMA and FA values showed a near-consistent positive correlation (r = 0.57, r = 0.55 vs. r = 0.31, r = 0.55; all p < 0.05). In the control group, in SFG, the PMA and FA values had a medium intensity positive correlation (r = 0.47, p < 0.0001), but there was no statistical difference in correlation in PE (r = 0.10, p=0.39). Conclusion PE may cause lagging brain development in the SCC, PLIC, and SFG during infancy. DTI may be an effective and sensitive detection tool.
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Jie Q, Sun F, Li Q, Zhu J, Wei Y, Yang H, Long P, Wang Z, Yang X, Li D, Huang L, Ma Y. Downregulated ribosomal protein L39 inhibits trophoblast cell migration and invasion by targeting E-cadherin in the placenta of patients with preeclampsia. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21322. [PMID: 33710681 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002061r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication that can lead to severe adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of early-onset PE are not fully understood. Ribosomal protein L39 (RPL39) is a member of the S39E family of ribosomal proteins that plays an important role in stem cell self-renewal, cancer metastasis, and chemoresistance. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential function of RPL39 in placental trophoblast cells. We analyzed the expression of RPL39 in early-onset PE and normal placental tissues using real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that RPL39 was markedly downregulated in early-onset PE placental tissues. RPL39 knockdown inhibited trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as placental explant outgrowth. Flow cytometry analysis suggested that knockdown of RPL39 resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, but had no significant effect on cell apoptosis. We also found that RPL39 knockdown could alter cell morphology. We then measured the expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin following knockdown of RPL39 in Bewo and HTR8/SVneo cells. RPL39 knockdown increased the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression was upregulated in placental explant outgrowth tissues transfected with RPL39 small interfering RNA. In conclusion, RPL39 plays an essential role in proliferation, invasion, and migration of trophoblast cells by targeting E-cadherin. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of early-onset PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Jie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Juan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yunjian Wei
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Huamei Yang
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ping Long
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Department of Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for human reproductive medicine and Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Wang S, Chen C, Sun F, Li M, Du M, Li X, Zhang Y. Involvement of the Tim-3 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Pre-Eclampsia. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:3331-3340. [PMID: 34231168 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Current methods of early diagnosis and prevention of pre-eclampsia (PE) are limited; the only available definite treatment is the initiation of delivery and complete removal of the placenta. Inappropriate activation of the immune system is thought to play considerable roles in PE. T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) has been reported to regulate immune responses and play important roles in maternal-fetal tolerance during early pregnancy. In this study, we investigated the functional regulation of Tim-3 in the maternal-fetal crosstalk during 3rd-trimester healthy pregnancy and its possible role in the pathogenesis of PE. We found that Tim-3 expression on decidual immune cells was associated with production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Tim-3 pathway blockade resulted in higher IFN-γ but lower IL-4 and IL-10 production. Using a tube formation assay between HTR8/SVneo cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, we found that Tim-3 pathway blockade inhibits tube formation and reversed by addition of recombinant IL-4 and/or IL-10. Pre-eclamptic patients showed reduced Tim-3 expression on both decidual and peripheral immune cells (especially on peripheral CD8+T cells). Therefore, we proposed that abnormal Tim-3 signal resulted in immunological imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface and may be involved in the progress of PE by affecting uterine spiral artery remodeling. Our study expanded the regulatory function of Tim-3 signaling pathway to the 3rd-trimester pregnancy and provided a new target for early warning and therapeutic strategies of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songcun Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunqin Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengrun Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdie Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Meirong Du
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Institutes of Biochemical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Shallie PD, Naicker T. Differential upregulations of SMAC and LAMIN B levels in the buffy coat of HIV associated preeclamptic women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5080-5086. [PMID: 33478301 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1875210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess HIV positivity as an apoptotic confounding variable in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. METHODS AND MATERIALS Using a Bio-plex Multiplex Immunoassay, Smac and Lamin B concentrations (ng/ml) were analyzed in a buffy coat collected from 128 pregnant women attending a large regional hospital in Durban, South Africa. Study groups consisted of Normotensive and Preeclamptic pregnant women stratified according to their HIV status. All HIV positive groups received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). RESULTS Our findings showed significant (p < .05) upregulation in the levels of both SMAC and LAMIN B in the HIV positive patients and a concomitant downregulation of the same apoptotic makers were observed in preeclampsia regardless of HIV status. CONCLUSIONS These results could be associated with the fact that apoptosis promotes deregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, contributing to the associated severe obstetric events observed in pregnancies among HIV-infected women on HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philemon D Shallie
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Anatomy, College of Medicine, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Nigeria
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, College of Health Sciences, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Colson A, Sonveaux P, Debiève F, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Adaptations of the human placenta to hypoxia: opportunities for interventions in fetal growth restriction. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:531-569. [PMID: 33377492 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta is the functional interface between the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, and a critical determinant of fetal growth and life-long health. In the first trimester, it develops under a low-oxygen environment, which is essential for the conceptus who has little defense against reactive oxygen species produced during oxidative metabolism. However, failure of invasive trophoblasts to sufficiently remodel uterine arteries toward dilated vessels by the end of the first trimester can lead to reduced/intermittent blood flow, persistent hypoxia and oxidative stress in the placenta with consequences for fetal growth. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is observed in ∼10% of pregnancies and is frequently seen in association with other pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia (PE). FGR is one of the main challenges for obstetricians and pediatricians, as smaller fetuses have greater perinatal risks of morbidity and mortality and postnatal risks of neurodevelopmental and cardio-metabolic disorders. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this review was to examine the importance of placental responses to changing oxygen environments during abnormal pregnancy in terms of cellular, molecular and functional changes in order to highlight new therapeutic pathways, and to pinpoint approaches aimed at enhancing oxygen supply and/or mitigating oxidative stress in the placenta as a mean of optimizing fetal growth. SEARCH METHODS An extensive online search of peer-reviewed articles using PubMed was performed with combinations of search terms including pregnancy, placenta, trophoblast, oxygen, hypoxia, high altitude, FGR and PE (last updated in May 2020). OUTCOMES Trophoblast differentiation and placental establishment are governed by oxygen availability/hypoxia in early pregnancy. The placental response to late gestational hypoxia includes changes in syncytialization, mitochondrial functions, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hormone production, nutrient handling and angiogenic factor secretion. The nature of these changes depends on the extent of hypoxia, with some responses appearing adaptive and others appearing detrimental to the placental support of fetal growth. Emerging approaches that aim to increase placental oxygen supply and/or reduce the impacts of excessive oxidative stress are promising for their potential to prevent/treat FGR. WIDER IMPLICATIONS There are many risks and challenges of intervening during pregnancy that must be considered. The establishment of human trophoblast stem cell lines and organoids will allow further mechanistic studies of the effects of hypoxia and may lead to advanced screening of drugs for use in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency/hypoxia. Since no treatments are currently available, a better understanding of placental adaptations to hypoxia would help to develop therapies or repurpose drugs to optimize placental function and fetal growth, with life-long benefits to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Colson
- Pole of Obstetrics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Debiève
- Pole of Obstetrics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Hasan S, Alshaikh B, Yusuf K. Serum levels of soluble Fas and Fas ligand in pregnant women who smoke. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13382. [PMID: 33247994 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced incidence of preeclampsia. Mechanisms of this association are poorly understood. Cytokines, angiogenic, and anti-angiogenic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. During normal pregnancy, Fas ligand (FasL) present on trophoblasts induces apoptosis of Fas bearing maternal immune cells. In preeclampsia, trophoblasts show increased apoptosis with reduced expression of FasL. We determined serum levels of cytokines, angiogenic (placental growth factor), anti-angiogenic factors (soluble endoglin, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), soluble Fas (sFas), and soluble FasL (sFasL) in smoking and non-smoking pregnant women. METHODS Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent and multiplex assays, we prospectively analyzed serum levels of angiogenic, anti-angiogenic factors, cytokines, sFas and sFasL in normotensive smoking and non-smoking mothers. Exclusion criteria included maternal hypertension, auto-immune disorders, rupture of membranes, evidence of labor, and drug use. RESULTS Of 100 women recruited to the study, 51 were in the non-smoking and 49 in the smoking group. Except for lower maternal age in the smoking group, there was no difference in gestation, BMI, gravidity, or ethnicity between the two groups. Levels of angiogenic, anti-angiogenic factors, cytokines, and sFas were similar between the two groups but sFasL levels were significantly higher in smoking group (38 pg/ml vs. 16 pg/ml, p < .001) and remained significant after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates higher sFasL levels in pregnant women who smoke. Higher sFasL may explain the reduced incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant mothers who smoke by inducing apoptosis of immune cells which may otherwise induce trophoblast apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Belal Alshaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kamran Yusuf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Zhang Y, Yang H, Zhang Y, Shi J, Chen R. circCRAMP1L is a novel biomarker of preeclampsia risk and may play a role in preeclampsia pathogenesis via regulation of the MSP/RON axis in trophoblasts. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:652. [PMID: 33109096 PMCID: PMC7590488 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a severe disease in pregnant women, which is primarily managed by early screening and prevention. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have increasingly been shown to be important biological regulators involved in numerous diseases. Further, increasing evidence has demonstrated that circRNAs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of circCRAMP1L, previously identified to be downregulated in preeclampsia, as a novel biomarker for predicting the development of preeclampsia. Methods We measured the expression of circCRAMP1L, which is reportedly relevant to trophoblast physiology, in plasma samples from 64 patients with preeclampsia and 64 age-, gestational age-, and body mass index-matched healthy pregnant women by qRT-PCR. MTT proliferation and transwell invasion assays revealed the biological role of circCRAMP1L in preeclampsia pathogenesis. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays clarified the mechanism underlying the biological function of circCRAMP1L in TEV-1 cells. Results circCRAMP1L circulating levels were significantly lower in patients with preeclampsia (2.66 ± 0.82, △Ct value) than in healthy pregnant women (3.95 ± 0.67, △Ct value, p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for circCRAMP1L was 0.813. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified circCRAMP1L as an independent predictor of preeclampsia. Furthermore, when circCRAMP1L was utilised in combination with its target protein macrophage stimulating protein (MSP), the predictive performance increased, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.928 (95% CI 0.882–0.974), 80.0% sensitivity, and 80.0% specificity. The in vitro results indicated that circCRAMP1L regulates cell proliferation, and invasion via MSP and RON proteins. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of these effects. In vitro, relative to the control group, circCRAMP1L overexpression significantly enhanced cell proliferation; furthermore, trophoblast cell invasion increased proportionally with circCRAMP1L expression. RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene illustrated that circCRAMP1L participated in regulation of trophoblast cell by regulating MSP. Conclusion Reduced plasma levels of circCRAMP1L may be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, and circCRAMP1L may be a novel biomarker of preeclampsia risk. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12884-020-03345-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongling Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, 9, Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China
| | - Junzhu Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China
| | - Ronggui Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China
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He B, Li QY, Wu YY, Ruan JL, Teng XM, Li DJ, Tang CL. Cyclosporin A protects JEG-3 cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the p53 and JNK/p38 signaling pathways. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:100. [PMID: 33046085 PMCID: PMC7549196 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblast cells are required for the establishment of pregnancy and fetal development. Apoptosis is an essential feature for trophoblast invasion. Uncontrolled trophoblast apoptosis is related to some complicate pregnancies. Oxidative stress (OS) is an important inducer of trophoblast apoptosis. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been shown to promote the activity of trophoblast cells and reduce OS-induced oxidative injury. We investigated the role and mechanism of CsA in oxidative stress-induced trophoblast cell apoptosis. METHODS JEG-3 cells were cocultured with H2O2 and CsA. Cell viability and morphology were measured by MTT assay and DAPI staining. Cell apoptosis was tested with annexin V/PI staining. The expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and pro-caspase-3 was assayed by western blotting. The protein expression and phosphorylation of p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinases (JNK, ERK1/2 and p38) were examined by western blotting. RESULTS CsA increased the viability, alleviated morphological injury and reduced cell apoptosis of the H2O2-treated JEG-3 cells. CsA also attenuated the activation of p53, decreased the expression of Bax and cleavage of PARP, and increased the expression of Bcl-2 and pro-caspase-3 in the JEG-3 treated with H2O2. Furthermore, CsA reduced the activation of JNK and P38 but had no significant effect on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the H2O2-treated JEG-3 cells. Promoting the activation of JNK and p38 impaired the protective effect of CsA on OS-induced trophoblast apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that CsA protected trophoblast cells from OS-induced apoptosis via the inhibition of the p53 and JNK/p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Qi Yue Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yuan Yuan Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jing Ling Ruan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Xiao Ming Teng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Da Jin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chuan Ling Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China.
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