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Pimenta R, Lopes T, Veloso AP. Fatigue effects on the knee flexors neuromuscular parameters during repeated sprinting. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:3. [PMID: 38169410 PMCID: PMC10762908 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify at which point fatigue on neuromuscular parameters occurs in the knee flexors during a repeated sprint protocol. METHODS Physical active males without previous hamstring strain injury were recruited. Neuromuscular parameters such as peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development (RTD) were assessed after every two sprints in a 5 × (2 x 30 m) repeated sprint protocol. RESULTS Twenty physical active males participated in the study. A significant effect of sprint number was found (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.643) with a decreased sprint speed by 6.9% from fastest to slowest sprint. No significant differences were observed in the time between finishing the sprint and performing the first MVIC (46.3 ± 4.7s; p = 0.423), nor in the time between finishing a set and starting the next set (121.2 ± 7.6s; p = 0.503). Regarding neuromuscular parameters, the only significant difference found was in PT between before and after two sprints (117.95 ± 5.61 N⋅m vs. 110.64 ± 5.71 N⋅m; p = 0.048, d = 0.289) and on RTD 0-50ms before and after ten sprints (465.78 ± 223.76 N⋅m/s vs. 382.30 ± 189.56 N⋅m/s; p = 0.008; η2p = 0.149). CONCLUSIONS A recovery time of 46s between sprints and testing neuromuscular parameters (due to experimental design) seems sufficient to restore the neuromuscular system. Therefore, it can be suggested that time recovery is the principal factor in detecting fatigue on neuromuscular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pimenta
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Research Center of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia (N2i), Maia Polytechnic Institute (IPMAIA), Castêlo da Maia, 4475-690, Maia, Portugal.
- Futebol Clube Famalicão - Futebol SAD, Department of Rehabilitation and Performance, Famalicão, Portugal.
| | - Tomás Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry, King's College London, Oxford, UK
| | - A P Veloso
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal
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Murakami Y, Nishida S, Yoshida R, Kasahara K, Kumazaki A, Sakuma H, Fujimoto H, Kaneko Y, Abe O, Nakamura M. Relationship Between Nordic Hamstring Strength and Single Leg Bridge Test in University Soccer Players. J Sport Rehabil 2024; 33:27-32. [PMID: 37917973 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nordic hamstring strength (NH strength) and single leg bridge test (SLBT) scores are used to predict the risk of hamstring strain injury. Although NH strength and SLBT scores may be related, the relationship between NH strength and SLBT score remains unknown. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the relationship between NH strength and SLBT scores in university soccer players. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS 38 male university soccer players. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES NH strength and SLBT scores. INTERVENTIONS A participant was instructed to lean forward gradually at the slowest possible speed from a kneeling posture with the knee joint flexed 90° for the NH strength measurement. Participants in the SLBT crossed their arms over their chests, pushed down from their heels, and lifted their hips off the ground as many times as they could until they failed. We investigated the relationship between NH strength and SLBT scores in the left and right sides using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Additionally, we calculated the percentage of left-right asymmetry in NH strength and SLBT scores and investigated the relationship between these variables using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS There were no significant correlations between NH strength and SLBT scores in the right (rs = .239, P = .16) and left (rs = .311, P = .065) legs. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between NH strength and SLBT between-limb asymmetry (r = .073, P = .671). CONCLUSIONS NH strength and SLBT scores could be different indexes, indicating either maximal muscle strength or muscle endurance. Thus, the findings suggested that when assessing risk factors for hamstring strain injury, both NH strength and SLBT scores should be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murakami
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Nishida
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Ryutsu Keizai University, Ryugasaki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Riku Yoshida
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kasahara
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akira Kumazaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sakuma
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirosi Fujimoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuki Kaneko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Otoka Abe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nakamura
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishikyushu University, Kanzaki, Saga, Japan
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Lee OT, Williams MA, Shaw CD, Delextrat A. The Role of Strength-Related Factors on Psychological Readiness for Return to Sport Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2787. [PMID: 37893861 PMCID: PMC10606503 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological readiness following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) correlates with different return to sport outcomes. However, the relationship between strength and power and psychological readiness remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anterior cruciate ligament return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scores and various hamstrings and quadriceps strength and power variables. Twelve participants (20.7 ± 2.5 years old; 174.2 ± 7.5 cm; 70.2 ± 8.5 kg; 18.2 ± 8.3% of body fat) who had an ACLR nine months or more before the study completed the ACL-RSI questionnaire and isokinetic strength testing of the hamstrings and quadriceps (60°·s-1 and 180°·s-1). Based on ACL-RSI scores, they were divided into "cases" and "controls", deemed not psychologically ready and psychologically ready to return to previous sport performance (PILOS), respectively. The main findings are that quadriceps' and hamstrings' rate of torque development (RTD) and time since surgery were determinants of psychological readiness following ACLR. Furthermore, compared to controls, cases showed significantly lower quadriceps torque at angles close to full knee extension (40 deg and 30 deg from extension). They also showed lower RTD than controls, but no difference in peak torque. These results suggest that physiotherapists should facilitate athletes' return to sport (RTS) by focusing on the restoration of RTD and strength at angles close to full knee extension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Delextrat
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK (M.A.W.); (C.D.S.)
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Pimenta R, Lopes T, Correia JP, Veloso AP. Effects of repeated sprinting on hamstring shear modulus pattern and knee flexor neuromuscular parameters. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12624. [PMID: 37537276 PMCID: PMC10400546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of a maximum repeated sprint protocol on (1) hamstring shear modulus and (2) knee flexor neuromuscular parameters such as peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development (RTD). Muscle shear modulus was assessed in 18 healthy males using shear wave elastography at rest and during 30° isometric knee flexion at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction, before and after a 10 × 30 m repeated sprint protocol. There was a 9% decrease in average speed between the fastest and slowest sprint (p < 0.001; d = 2.27). A pre-post decrease was observed in PT (p = 0.004; η2p = 0.399) and in the 0-50 ms (p = 0.042; η2p = 0.222), and 50-100 ms (p = 0.028; η2p = 0.254) RTD periods. For the active shear modulus, the only significant change after the sprint task was in the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) with an increase of 10% (Pre: 26.29 ± 8.89 kPa; Post: 28.93 ± 8.31 kPa; p = 0.015; d = 0.31). The present study provides evidence that repeated sprinting leads to significant decreases in average speed, PT, early RTD (0-50 ms; 50-100 ms), and to an increase in BFlh active shear modulus without changing the shear modulus of the other hamstrings muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pimenta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada - Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Research Center of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia (N2i), Maia Polytechnic Institute (IPMAIA), Castêlo da Maia, 4475-690, Maia, Portugal.
| | - Tomás Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry, King's College London, Strand, London, UK
| | - José Pedro Correia
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada - Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Prieto Veloso
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada - Dafundo, Lisboa, Portugal
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Ferguson H, Piquet J, Jemni M, Delextrat A. Effects of a Football Simulated Exercise on Injury Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury in Amateur Female Players. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010124. [PMID: 36671816 PMCID: PMC9855934 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Females are more at risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries than males; however, there is limited literature on neuromuscular risk factors such as angle-specific hamstring/quadriceps functional strength ratios (Hecc/Qcon) and rate of torque development (RTD) in female footballers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on these neuromuscular risk factors. Thirty-three amateur players (20.3 ± 2.0 years old, 1.67 ± 9.31 m, 63.4 ±8.1 kg, 23.6 ± 5.7% body fat) performed strength assessments of the quadriceps (concentrically, Qcon) and hamstrings (eccentrically, Hecc) on both legs on an isokinetic dynamometer, before and immediately after a football-specific exercise. Results showed significantly lower peak Hecc (-15.1 to -15.5%), peak Hecc/Qcon (-8.8 to -12.9%) and RTD (-14.0 to -17.0%) for hamstring eccentric contractions after fatigue in the dominant and non-dominant legs. Furthermore, significant decreases in Hecc/Qcon were observed at 10° only in the dominant leg (-15.5%), and at 10°, 20° and 30° in the non-dominant leg (-15.1 to -21.8%). These results suggest a reduced capacity of the hamstrings to stabilise the knee joint with fatigue. Unlike results previously shown on men, the non-dominant leg seemed more affected, highlighting the need to consider specific prevention measures in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Ferguson
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 8HU, UK
| | - Jessica Piquet
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 8HU, UK
| | - Monèm Jemni
- The Carrick Institute of Neuroscience, Cap Canaveral, FL 32920, USA
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 8HU, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1865-48-3610
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Zhang Q, Léam A, Fouré A, Wong DP, Hautier CA. Relationship Between Explosive Strength Capacity of the Knee Muscles and Deceleration Performance in Female Professional Soccer Players. Front Physiol 2021; 12:723041. [PMID: 34707509 PMCID: PMC8542697 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.723041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between linear deceleration performance and explosive strength capacity of the knee muscles. Fourteen female professional soccer players completed the maximal sprint deceleration tests and knee flexor (KF) and knee extensor (KE) isokinetic concentric (240° and 60°.s−1) and eccentric contractions (30°.s−1). Linear deceleration performance was evaluated from horizontal breaking force (FH), power (PH), and impulse (IH) during a maximal linear deceleration. The peak torque (PT) of KF and KE, PT ratio between KF and KE (conventional and functional H/Q ratio), rate of torque development (RTD) for each muscle group, and RTD between KF and KE (RTD H/Q) were extracted from the isokinetic contractions. Pearson’s correlation coefficients revealed that the eccentric (30°.s−1) and concentric (60°.s−1, 240°.s−1) KE peak torque, and the concentric KF peak torque (240°.s−1) were significantly correlated with FH, PH, and IH (−0.75<r<−0.54). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between KE RTD during eccentric contraction and FH, PH, and IH (−0.63<r<−0.54). Besides, a significant correlation was observed between RTD H/Q at 60°.s−1 and PH, IH (−0.61<r<−0.57). No significant relationship was observed between the H/Q ratio, KF RTD and deceleration performance. These main findings indicated the importance of the ability to quickly produce high KE eccentric torque, contributing to braking force production. Meanwhile, RTD H/Q should be assessed for its essential role in knee joint dynamic stability and can be a relevant index to determine deceleration performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Zhang
- Université de Lyon, UCBL-Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélie Léam
- Université de Lyon, UCBL-Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Fouré
- Université de Lyon, UCBL-Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Del P Wong
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Christophe A Hautier
- Université de Lyon, UCBL-Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
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