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Liu X, Yu Y, Garcia LA, Au ML, Tran M, Zhang J, Lou A, Liu Y, Wu H. A grape-supplemented diet prevented ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced cataract by regulating Nrf2 and XIAP pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109636. [PMID: 38561079 PMCID: PMC11107911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate if grape consumption, in the form of grape powder (GP), could protect against ultraviolet (UV)-induced cataract. Mice were fed with the regular diet, sugar placebo diet, or a grape diet (regular diet supplemented with 5%, 10%, and 15% GP) for 3 months. The mice were then exposed to UV radiation to induce cataract. The results showed that the GP diet dose-dependently inhibited UV-induced cataract and preserved glutathione pools. Interestingly, UV-induced Nrf2 activation was abolished in the groups on the GP diet, suggesting GP consumption may improve redox homeostasis in the lens, making Nrf2 activation unnecessary. For molecular target prediction, a total of 471 proteins regulated by GP were identified using Agilent Literature Search (ALS) software. Among these targets, the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) was correlated with all of the main active ingredients of GP, including resveratrol, catechin, quercetin, and anthocyanins. Our data confirmed that GP prevented UV-induced suppression of XIAP, indicating that XIAP might be one of the critical molecular targets of GP. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GP protected the lens from UV-induced cataract development in mice. The protective effects of GP may be attributed to its ability to improve redox homeostasis and activate the XIAP-mediated antiapoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Yu Yu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Luís Aguilera Garcia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - My-Lien Au
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Myhoa Tran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jinmin Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander Lou
- The Village School, Houston, Texas, USA; Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Hongli Wu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
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Hong Y, Wu J, Sun Y, Zhang S, Lu Y, Ji Y. ceRNA network construction and identification of hub genes as novel therapeutic targets for age-related cataracts using bioinformatics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15054. [PMID: 36987450 PMCID: PMC10040182 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of age-related cataract (ARC). Methods We obtained the transcriptome datafile of th ree ARC samples and three healthy, age-matched samples and used differential expression analyses to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The differential lncRNA-associated competing endogenous (ceRNA) network, and the protein-protein network (PPI) were constructed using Cytoscape and STRING. Cluster analyses were performed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of the hub genes affecting ARC progression. To verify the immune status of the ARC patients, immune-associated analyses were also conducted. Results The PPI network identified the FOXO1 gene as the hub gene with the highest score, as calculated by the Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) algorithm. The ceRNA network identified lncRNAs H19, XIST, TTTY14, and MEG3 and hub genes FOXO1, NOTCH3, CDK6, SPRY2, and CA2 as playing key roles in regulating the pathogenesis of ARC. Additionally, the identified hub genes showed no significant correlation with an immune response but were highly correlated with cell metabolism, including cysteine, methionine, and galactose. Discussion The findings of this study may provide clues toward ARC pathogenic mechanisms and may be of significance for future therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hong
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghai Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghong Ji
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Cui Y, Yang H, Shi S, Ping X, Zheng S, Tang X, Yu X, Shentu X. TP53INP2 Contributes to TGF-β2-Induced Autophagy during the Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Posterior Capsular Opacification Development. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152385. [PMID: 35954230 PMCID: PMC9368444 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery, in which increased levels of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) accelerate PCO formation; however, the pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aims to explore the regulation mechanism of TGF-β2 in PCO formation via its autophagic functions. Methods: The autophagic effect of TGF-β2 was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analysis. The association between autophagy and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) was evaluated by qPCR and Western blotting. The transcriptome analysis was used to uncover the molecular mechanism of TGF-β2-induced PCO formation. Results: TGF-β2 specifically promotes autophagy flux in human lens epithelial cells. The activation of autophagy by rapamycin can promote EMT marker synthesis and improve cell migration. However, the inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA attenuates EMT. To uncover the molecular mechanisms, we performed RNA sequencing and found that TGF-β2 elevated tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein2 (TP53INP2) expression, which was accompanied by a nuclear-to-cytoplasm translocation. Moreover, the knockdown of TP53INP2 blocked the TGF-β2-induced autophagy and EMT processes, revealing that TP53INP2 plays an important role in TGF-β2-induced autophagy during EMT. Conclusions: Taken together, the results of this study suggested that TP53INP2 was a novel regulator of PCO development by TGF-β2, and notably, TP53INP2, may be a potential target for the pharmacological treatment of PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Cui
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Silu Shi
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiyuan Ping
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Sifan Zheng
- GKT School of Medical Education, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
| | - Xiajing Tang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaoning Yu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xingchao Shentu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.C.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (X.P.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-13515818860
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Wang J, Yang Z, Wang G, Shang S, Tang X, Xiao H. Diversity of epiphytic bacterial communities on male and female Sargassum thunbergii. AMB Express 2022; 12:97. [PMID: 35841460 PMCID: PMC9288574 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epiphytic bacteria are the most abundant microorganisms on marine macroalga. However, there are few studies on the distribution of these epiphytic bacteria on male and female Sargassum thunbergii. In this study, the composition and diversity of epiphytic bacterial communities on male and female S. thunbergii were investigated by using the traditional culture-based method and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla and genera were the same on both male and female S. thunbergii. However, there were significant differences in the relative abundance of epiphytic bacteria at the genus level. Furthermore, male and female S. thunbergii had their own indicative species and specific bacteria. In addition, the predicted functions of the epiphytic bacteria mainly differed in transport and metabolism, environmental adaptation and spore development. This study enriches the baseline knowledge of epiphytic bacteria related to dioecious algae and paves the way for further studies of the relationships between epiphytic microbial communities and the sex of algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhibo Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Gaoge Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shuai Shang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.,College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Kwok CSN, Lai KKY, Lam W, Xu SJL, Lam SW, Lee FWF. Proteome Analysis of Whole-Body Responses in Medaka Experimentally Exposed to Fish-Killing Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11625. [PMID: 34769058 PMCID: PMC8583777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Karenia mikimotoi is a well-known harmful algal bloom species. Blooms of this dinoflagellate have become a serious threat to marine life, including fish, shellfish, and zooplanktons and are usually associated with massive fish death. Despite the discovery of several toxins such as gymnocins and gymnodimines in K. mikimotoi, the mechanisms underlying the ichthyotoxicity of this species remain unclear, and molecular studies on this topic have never been reported. The present study investigates the fish-killing mechanisms of K. mikimotoi through comparative proteomic analysis. Marine medaka, a model fish organism, was exposed to K. mikimotoi for a three-part time period (LT25, LT50 and LT90). Proteins extracted from the whole fish were separated by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and differentially expressed proteins were identified with reference to an untreated control. The change in fish proteomes over the time-course of exposure were analyzed. A total of 35 differential protein spots covering 19 different proteins were identified, of which most began to show significant change in expression levels at the earliest stage of intoxication. Among the 19 identified proteins, some are closely related to the oxidative stress responses, energy metabolism, and muscle contraction. We propose that oxidative stress-mediated muscle damage might explain the symptoms developed during the ichthyotoxicity test, such as gasping for breath, loss of balance, and body twitching. Our findings lay the foundations for more in-depth studies of the mechanisms of K. mikimotoi's ichthyotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fred Wang-Fat Lee
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China; (C.S.-N.K.); (K.K.-Y.L.); (W.L.); (S.J.-L.X.); (S.-W.L.)
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