1
|
Hernández-Domínguez RA, Herrera-Orozco JF, Salazar-Calderón GE, Chávez-Canales M, Márquez MF, González-Álvarez F, Armando TS, Reyes-Cruz T, Lip F, Aceves-Buendía JJ. Optogenetic modulation of cardiac autonomic nervous system. Auton Neurosci 2024; 255:103199. [PMID: 39059299 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The following is a narrative review of the fundamentals of optogenetics. It focuses on the advantages and constraints of manipulating the autonomic nervous system by modifying the pathophysiological characteristics that arise in different diseases. Although the use of this technique is currently experimental, we will discuss improvements that have been implemented and identify the necessary measures for potential preclinical translation in the control of the cardiac autonomic nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon A Hernández-Domínguez
- Electrocardiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1 Belisario Domínguez secc. 16 Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico; Surgery Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Calle Uno S/N, Miguel Hidalgo III Etapa, Villahermosa, 86126, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Jorge F Herrera-Orozco
- Electrocardiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1 Belisario Domínguez secc. 16 Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe E Salazar-Calderón
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15 Belisario Domínguez, Secc. 16, Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Chávez-Canales
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad, Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, México
| | - Manlio F Márquez
- Electrocardiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1 Belisario Domínguez secc. 16 Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felipe González-Álvarez
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15 Belisario Domínguez, Secc. 16, Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Totomoch-Serra Armando
- Electrocardiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1 Belisario Domínguez secc. 16 Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tania Reyes-Cruz
- Microbiology Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100 Villa Quietud Coyoacán CP 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Finn Lip
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15 Belisario Domínguez, Secc. 16, Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José J Aceves-Buendía
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15 Belisario Domínguez, Secc. 16, Tlalpan CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leemann S, Schneider-Warme F, Kleinlogel S. Cardiac optogenetics: shining light on signaling pathways. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1421-1437. [PMID: 38097805 PMCID: PMC10730638 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In the early 2000s, the field of neuroscience experienced a groundbreaking transformation with the advent of optogenetics. This innovative technique harnesses the properties of naturally occurring and genetically engineered rhodopsins to confer light sensitivity upon target cells. The remarkable spatiotemporal precision offered by optogenetics has provided researchers with unprecedented opportunities to dissect cellular physiology, leading to an entirely new level of investigation. Initially revolutionizing neuroscience, optogenetics quickly piqued the interest of the wider scientific community, and optogenetic applications were expanded to cardiovascular research. Over the past decade, researchers have employed various optical tools to observe, regulate, and steer the membrane potential of excitable cells in the heart. Despite these advancements, achieving control over specific signaling pathways within the heart has remained an elusive goal. Here, we review the optogenetic tools suitable to control cardiac signaling pathways with a focus on GPCR signaling, and delineate potential applications for studying these pathways, both in healthy and diseased hearts. By shedding light on these exciting developments, we hope to contribute to the ongoing progress in basic cardiac research to facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic possibilities for treating cardiovascular pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siri Leemann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kleinlogel
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Translational Medicine Neuroscience, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hagio H, Koyama W, Hosaka S, Song AD, Narantsatsral J, Matsuda K, Sugihara T, Shimizu T, Koyanagi M, Terakita A, Hibi M. Optogenetic manipulation of Gq- and Gi/o-coupled receptor signaling in neurons and heart muscle cells. eLife 2023; 12:e83974. [PMID: 37589544 PMCID: PMC10435233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transmit signals into cells depending on the G protein type. To analyze the functions of GPCR signaling, we assessed the effectiveness of animal G-protein-coupled bistable rhodopsins that can be controlled into active and inactive states by light application using zebrafish. We expressed Gq- and Gi/o-coupled bistable rhodopsins in hindbrain reticulospinal V2a neurons, which are involved in locomotion, or in cardiomyocytes. Light stimulation of the reticulospinal V2a neurons expressing Gq-coupled spider Rh1 resulted in an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ level and evoked swimming behavior. Light stimulation of cardiomyocytes expressing the Gi/o-coupled mosquito Opn3, pufferfish TMT opsin, or lamprey parapinopsin induced cardiac arrest, and the effect was suppressed by treatment with pertussis toxin or barium, suggesting that Gi/o-dependent regulation of inward-rectifier K+ channels controls cardiac function. These data indicate that these rhodopsins are useful for optogenetic control of GPCR-mediated signaling in zebrafish neurons and cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Hagio
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Wataru Koyama
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Shiori Hosaka
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | - Koji Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Akihisa Terakita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masahiko Hibi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ochs AR, Boyle PM. Optogenetic Modulation of Arrhythmia Triggers: Proof-of-Concept from Computational Modeling. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:243-259. [PMID: 37810996 PMCID: PMC10550900 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are secondary voltage depolarizations associated with reduced repolarization reserve (RRR) that can trigger lethal arrhythmias. Relating EADs to triggered activity is difficult to study, so the ability to suppress or provoke EADs would be experimentally useful. Here, we use computational simulations to assess the feasibility of subthreshold optogenetic stimulation modulating the propensity for EADs (cell-scale) and EAD-associated ectopic beats (organ-scale). Methods We modified a ventricular ionic model by reducing rapid delayed rectifier potassium (0.25-0.1 × baseline) and increasing L-type calcium (1.0-3.5 × baseline) currents to create RRR conditions with varying severity. We ran simulations in models of single cardiomyocytes and left ventricles from post-myocardial infarction patient MRI scans. Optogenetic stimulation was simulated using either ChR2 (depolarizing) or GtACR1 (repolarizing) opsins. Results In cell-scale simulations without illumination, EADs were seen for 164 of 416 RRR conditions. Subthreshold stimulation of GtACR1 reduced EAD incidence by up to 84.8% (25/416 RRR conditions; 0.1 μW/mm2); in contrast, subthreshold ChR2 excitation increased EAD incidence by up to 136.6% (388/416 RRR conditions; 50 μW/mm2). At the organ scale, we assumed simultaneous, uniform illumination of the epicardial and endocardial surfaces. GtACR1-mediated suppression (10-50 μW/mm2) and ChR2-mediated unmasking (50-100 μW/mm2) of EAD-associated ectopic beats were feasible in three distinct ventricular models. Conclusions Our findings suggest that optogenetics could be used to silence or provoke both EADs and EAD-associated ectopic beats. Validation in animal models could lead to exciting new experimental regimes and potentially to novel anti-arrhythmia treatments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00781-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Ochs
- Department of Bioengineering, UW Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE N107, UW Mailbox 355061, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Patrick M. Boyle
- Department of Bioengineering, UW Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE N107, UW Mailbox 355061, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsukamoto H, Kubo Y. A self-inactivating invertebrate opsin optically drives biased signaling toward Gβγ-dependent ion channel modulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301269120. [PMID: 37186850 PMCID: PMC10214182 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301269120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal opsins, light-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors, have been used for optogenetic tools to control G protein-dependent signaling pathways. Upon G protein activation, the Gα and Gβγ subunits drive different intracellular signaling pathways, leading to complex cellular responses. For some purposes, Gα- and Gβγ-dependent signaling needs to be separately modulated, but these responses are simultaneously evoked due to the 1:1 stoichiometry of Gα and Gβγ Nevertheless, we show temporal activation of G protein using a self-inactivating invertebrate opsin, Platynereis c-opsin1, drives biased signaling for Gβγ-dependent GIRK channel activation in a light-dependent manner by utilizing the kinetic difference between Gβγ-dependent and Gα-dependent responses. The opsin-induced transient Gi/o activation preferentially causes activation of the kinetically fast Gβγ-dependent GIRK channels rather than slower Gi/oα-dependent adenylyl cyclase inhibition. Although similar Gβγ-biased signaling properties were observed in a self-inactivating vertebrate visual pigment, Platynereis c-opsin1 requires fewer retinal molecules to evoke cellular responses. Furthermore, the Gβγ-biased signaling properties of Platynereis c-opsin1 are enhanced by genetically fusing with RGS8 protein, which accelerates G protein inactivation. The self-inactivating invertebrate opsin and its RGS8-fusion protein can function as optical control tools biased for Gβγ-dependent ion channel modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Tsukamoto
- Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe657-8501, Japan
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki444-8585, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubo
- Division of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Department of Molecular Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki444-8585, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama240-0193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vettkötter D, Schneider M, Goulden BD, Dill H, Liewald J, Zeiler S, Guldan J, Ateş YA, Watanabe S, Gottschalk A. Rapid and reversible optogenetic silencing of synaptic transmission by clustering of synaptic vesicles. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7827. [PMID: 36535932 PMCID: PMC9763335 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acutely silencing specific neurons informs about their functional roles in circuits and behavior. Existing optogenetic silencers include ion pumps, channels, metabotropic receptors, and tools that damage the neurotransmitter release machinery. While the former hyperpolarize the cell, alter ionic gradients or cellular biochemistry, the latter allow only slow recovery, requiring de novo synthesis. Thus, tools combining fast activation and reversibility are needed. Here, we use light-evoked homo-oligomerization of cryptochrome CRY2 to silence synaptic transmission, by clustering synaptic vesicles (SVs). We benchmark this tool, optoSynC, in Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, and murine hippocampal neurons. optoSynC clusters SVs, observable by electron microscopy. Locomotion silencing occurs with tauon ~7.2 s and recovers with tauoff ~6.5 min after light-off. optoSynC can inhibit exocytosis for several hours, at very low light intensities, does not affect ion currents, biochemistry or synaptic proteins, and may further allow manipulating different SV pools and the transfer of SVs between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Vettkötter
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, D-82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Brady D Goulden
- Department of Cell Biology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Holger Dill
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jana Liewald
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandra Zeiler
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Guldan
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Master Program Interdisciplinary Neurosciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yilmaz Arda Ateş
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
- Master Program Interdisciplinary Neurosciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shigeki Watanabe
- Department of Cell Biology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Alexander Gottschalk
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Emerging molecular technologies for light-mediated modulation of pancreatic beta-cell function. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101552. [PMID: 35863638 PMCID: PMC9352964 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optogenetic modalities as well as optochemical and photopharmacological strategies, collectively termed optical methods, have revolutionized the control of cellular functions via light with great spatiotemporal precision. In comparison to the major advances in the photomodulation of signaling activities noted in neuroscience, similar applications to endocrine cells of the pancreas, particularly insulin-producing β-cells, have been limited. The availability of tools allowing light-mediated changes in the trafficking of ions such as K+ and Ca2+ and signaling intermediates such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), renders β-cells and their glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) amenable to optoengineering for drug-free control of blood sugar. Scope of review The molecular circuit of the GSIS in β-cells is described with emphasis on intermediates which are targetable for optical intervention. Various pharmacological agents modifying the release of insulin are reviewed along with their documented side effects. These are contrasted with optical approaches, which have already been employed for engineering β-cell function or are considered for future such applications. Principal obstacles are also discussed as the implementation of optogenetics is pondered for tissue engineering and biology applications of the pancreas. Major Conclusions Notable advances in optogenetic, optochemical and photopharmacological tools are rendering feasible the smart engineering of pancreatic cells and tissues with light-regulated function paving the way for novel solutions for addressing pancreatic pathologies including diabetes.
Collapse
|
8
|
de Grip WJ, Ganapathy S. Rhodopsins: An Excitingly Versatile Protein Species for Research, Development and Creative Engineering. Front Chem 2022; 10:879609. [PMID: 35815212 PMCID: PMC9257189 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.879609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a membrane protein, owing its photosensitivity to the presence of a covalently bound chromophoric group. This group, derived from vitamin A, was appropriately dubbed retinal. In the 1970s a microbial counterpart of this species was discovered in an archaeon, being a membrane protein also harbouring retinal as a chromophore, and named bacteriorhodopsin. Since their discovery a photogenic panorama unfolded, where up to date new members and subspecies with a variety of light-driven functionality have been added to this family. The animal branch, meanwhile categorized as type-2 rhodopsins, turned out to form a large subclass in the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and are essential to multiple elements of light-dependent animal sensory physiology. The microbial branch, the type-1 rhodopsins, largely function as light-driven ion pumps or channels, but also contain sensory-active and enzyme-sustaining subspecies. In this review we will follow the development of this exciting membrane protein panorama in a representative number of highlights and will present a prospect of their extraordinary future potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willem J. de Grip
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Organic Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Srividya Ganapathy
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|