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Cheng KW, Shi J, Huang C, Tan HY, Ning Z, Lyu C, Xu Y, Mok HL, Zhai L, Xiang L, Qin H, Lin C, Zhu L, Bian Z. Integrated metabolomics and serum-feces pharmacochemistry-based network pharmacology to reveal the mechanisms of an herbal prescription against ulcerative colitis. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108775. [PMID: 38941901 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDD-2103 is an herbal prescription used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to uncover its mechanism by integrating metabolomics and serum-feces pharmacochemistry-based network pharmacology. METHODS A DSS-induced chronic colitis mice model was used to evaluate the anti-colitis effect of CDD-2103. Serum and feces metabolomics were conducted to identify differential metabolites and pathways. In the serum-feces pharmacochemistry study, biological samples were collected from rats treated with CDD-2103. Then, network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets of the identified compounds. Critical genes were extracted through the above-integrated analysis. The interactions between targets, CDD-2103, and its compounds were validated through molecular docking, immunoblotting, and enzyme activity assays. RESULTS CDD-2103 alleviated ulcerous symptoms and colonic injuries in colitis mice. Metabolomics study identified differential metabolites associated with tryptophan, glycerophospholipid, and linoleic acid metabolisms. The serum-feces pharmacochemistry study revealed twenty-three compounds, which were subjected to network pharmacology analysis. Integration of these results identified three key targets (AHR, PLA2, and PTGS2). Molecular docking showed strong affinities between the compounds and targets. PTGS2 was identified as a hub gene targeted by most CDD-2103 compounds. Immunoblotting and enzyme activity assays provided further evidence that CDD-2103 alleviates UC, potentially through its inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2, encoded by PTGS2), with alkaloids and curcuminoids speculated as crucial anti-inflammatory compounds. CONCLUSION This integrated strategy reveals the mechanism of CDD-2103 and provides insights for developing herbal medicine-based therapies for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wing Cheng
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingchun Shi
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziwan Ning
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiqi Xu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heung Lam Mok
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongyan Qin
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Liu Z, Huang Z, Wang Y, Xiong S, Lin S, He J, Tan J, Liu C, Wu X, Nie J, Huang W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Mao R. Intestinal strictures in Crohn's disease: An update from 2023. United European Gastroenterol J 2024; 12:802-813. [PMID: 38546434 PMCID: PMC11250166 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to intestinal stricture in nearly 35% of cases within 10 years of initial diagnosis. The unknown pathogenesis, lack of universally accepted criteria, and absence of an effective management approach remain unconquered challenges in structuring CD. The pathogenesis of stricturing CD involves intricate interactions between factors such as immune cell dysbiosis, fibroblast activation, and microecology imbalance. New techniques such as single-cell sequencing provide a fresh perspective. Non-invasive diagnostic tools such as serum biomarkers and novel cross-sectional imaging techniques offer a precise understanding of intestinal fibrostenosis. Here, we provide a timely and comprehensive review of the worthy advancements in intestinal strictures in 2023, aiming to dispense cutting-edge information regarding fibrosis and to build a cornerstone for researchers and clinicians to make greater progress in the field of intestinal strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoyan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinshen He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caiguang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Longyuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Geesala R, Recharla N, Zhang K, Johnson JC, Golovko G, Khanipov K, Brining DL, Shi XZ. Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Beneficially Modulates Gut Microbiome in a Preclinical Model of Crohn's-like Colitis. Nutrients 2024; 16:363. [PMID: 38337648 PMCID: PMC10857303 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an established dietary treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) by alleviating inflammation and inducing remission. However, the mechanisms of action of EEN are incompletely understood. As CD is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, we investigated the effect of EEN on the microbiome in a rat model of CD-like colitis. The rat model of CD-like colitis was established by an intracolonic instillation of TNBS at 65 mg/kg in 250 µL of 40% ethanol. Sham control rats were instilled with saline. Rats were fed ad libitum with either regular pellet food or EEN treatment with a clear liquid diet (Ensure). Rats were euthanized at 7 days. Fecal pellets were collected from the distal colon for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of gut microbiota. In addition, colon tissues were taken for histological and molecular analyses in all the groups of rats. EEN administration to TNBS-induced CD rats significantly improved the body weight change, inflammation scores, and disease activity index. The mRNA expression of IL-17A and interferon-γ was significantly increased in the colonic tissue in TNBS rats when fed with regular food. However, EEN treatment significantly attenuated the increase in IL-17A and interferon-γ in TNBS rats. Our 16S rRNA sequencing analysis found that gut microbiota diversity and compositions were significantly altered in TNBS rats, compared to controls. However, EEN treatment improved alpha diversity and increased certain beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Dubosiella and decreased bacteria such as Bacteroides and Enterorhabdus in CD-like rats, compared to CD-like rats with the regular pellet diet. In conclusion, EEN treatment increases the diversity of gut microbiota and the composition of certain beneficial bacteria. These effects may contribute to the reduced inflammation by EEN in the rat model of CD-like colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (R.G.); (N.R.); (K.Z.); (J.C.J.)
| | - Neeraja Recharla
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (R.G.); (N.R.); (K.Z.); (J.C.J.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (R.G.); (N.R.); (K.Z.); (J.C.J.)
| | - John C. Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (R.G.); (N.R.); (K.Z.); (J.C.J.)
| | - George Golovko
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (G.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Kamil Khanipov
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (G.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Douglas L. Brining
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Xuan-Zheng Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (R.G.); (N.R.); (K.Z.); (J.C.J.)
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