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Tian R, Jiang J, Bo S, Zhang H, Zhang X, Hearne SJ, Tang J, Ding D, Fu Z. Multi-omic characterization of the maize GPI synthesis mutant gwt1 with defects in kernel development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:191. [PMID: 37038106 PMCID: PMC10084604 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04188-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and GPI-anchored proteins (GAPs) are important for cell wall formation and reproductive development in Arabidopsis. However, monocot counterparts that function in kernel endosperm development have yet to be discovered. Here, we performed a multi-omic analysis to explore the function of GPI related genes on kernel development in maize. RESULTS In maize, 48 counterparts of human GPI synthesis and lipid remodeling genes were identified, in which null mutation of the glucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol O-acyltransferase1 gene, ZmGWT1, caused a kernel mutant (named gwt1) with defects in the basal endosperm transport layer (BETL). We performed plasma membrane (PM) proteomics to characterize the potential GAPs involved in kernel development. In total, 4,981 proteins were successfully identified in 10-DAP gwt1 kernels of mutant and wild-type (WT), including 1,638 membrane-anchored proteins with different posttranslational modifications. Forty-seven of the 256 predicted GAPs were differentially accumulated between gwt1 and WT. Two predicted BETL-specific GAPs (Zm00001d018837 and Zm00001d049834), which kept similar abundance at general proteome but with significantly decreased abundance at membrane proteome in gwt1 were highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the importance of GPI and GAPs for endosperm development and provide candidate genes for further investigation of the regulatory network in which ZmGWT1 participates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shirong Bo
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Sarah Jane Hearne
- CIMMYT, KM 45 Carretera Mexico-Veracruz, El Batan, Texcoco, Edo. De Mexico, 56237, Mexico
| | - Jihua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Yang L, Gao J, Gao M, Jiang L, Luo L. Characterization of plasma membrane proteins in stylosanthes leaves and roots using simplified enrichment method with a nonionic detergent. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1071225. [PMID: 36589080 PMCID: PMC9798454 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1071225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant plasma membranes (PMs) play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intracellular environment and exchanging information with the external environment. Therefore, deciphering dynamics of PM proteome provides crucial information for elucidating cellular regulation in response to diverse stimuli. In the study, we developed a simplified method for enriching PM proteins in leaf and root tissues of a tropical forage Stylosanthes by combining differential centrifugation and Brij-58 treatment. Both immunoblot analysis and mass spectrometry demonstrated that the representation and abundance of PM proteins were increased in the enrichment fraction, and the contamination of other organellar proteins was decreased. A total of 426 and 388 proteins were predicted to be PM proteins in leaves and roots, respectively. Functional analysis classified these PM proteins into six major categories (transporter, enzyme, receptor, membrane structure protein, vesicular trafficking and chaperone), and orthologs of many PM proteins regulating the responses to abiotic and biotic stresses have been detected. In addition, the sequence analysis, subcellular localization and gene expression analyses of a newly identified receptor-like kinase, SgRKL1, has been performed. Together, these results show that the simplified PM enrichment method can be successfully applied to different plant tissue types and to study the dynamics of PM proteome of Stylosanthes in response to multiple stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lijuan Luo
- *Correspondence: Lingyan Jiang, ; Lijuan Luo,
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3
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Voothuluru P, Mäkelä P, Zhu J, Yamaguchi M, Cho IJ, Oliver MJ, Simmonds J, Sharp RE. Apoplastic Hydrogen Peroxide in the Growth Zone of the Maize Primary Root. Increased Levels Differentially Modulate Root Elongation Under Well-Watered and Water-Stressed Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:392. [PMID: 32373139 PMCID: PMC7186474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can act as signaling molecules involved in the acclimation of plants to various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, it is not clear how the generalized increases in ROS and downstream signaling events that occur in response to stressful conditions are coordinated to modify plant growth and development. Previous studies of maize (Zea mays L.) primary root growth under water deficit stress showed that cell elongation is maintained in the apical region of the growth zone but progressively inhibited further from the apex, and that the rate of cell production is also decreased. It was observed that apoplastic ROS, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), increased specifically in the apical region of the growth zone under water stress, resulting at least partly from increased oxalate oxidase activity in this region. To assess the function of the increase in apoplastic H2O2 in root growth regulation, transgenic maize lines constitutively expressing a wheat oxalate oxidase were utilized in combination with kinematic growth analysis to examine effects of increased apoplastic H2O2 on the spatial pattern of cell elongation and on cell production in well-watered and water-stressed roots. Effects of H2O2 removal (via scavenger pretreatment) specifically from the apical region of the growth zone were also assessed. The results show that apoplastic H2O2 positively modulates cell production and root elongation under well-watered conditions, whereas the normal increase in apoplastic H2O2 in water-stressed roots is causally related to down-regulation of cell production and root growth inhibition. The effects on cell production were accompanied by changes in spatial profiles of cell elongation and in the length of the growth zone. However, effects on overall cell elongation, as reflected in final cell lengths, were minor. These results reveal a fundamental role of apoplastic H2O2 in regulating cell production and root elongation in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Voothuluru
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Pirjo Mäkelä
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jinming Zhu
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mineo Yamaguchi
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Melvin J. Oliver
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - John Simmonds
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert E. Sharp
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Collins CA, LaMontagne ED, Anderson JC, Ekanayake G, Clarke AS, Bond LN, Salamango DJ, Cornish PV, Peck SC, Heese A. EPSIN1 Modulates the Plasma Membrane Abundance of FLAGELLIN SENSING2 for Effective Immune Responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1762-1775. [PMID: 32094305 PMCID: PMC7140936 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) provides a critical interface between plant cells and their environment to control cellular responses. To perceive the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 for effective defense signaling, the immune receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) needs to be at its site of function, the PM, in the correct abundance. However, the intracellular machinery that controls PM accumulation of FLS2 remains largely undefined. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) clathrin adaptor EPSIN1 (EPS1) is implicated in clathrin-coated vesicle formation at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), likely aiding the transport of cargo proteins from the TGN for proper location; but EPS1's impact on physiological responses remains elusive. Here, we identify EPS1 as a positive regulator of flg22 signaling and pattern-triggered immunity against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. We provide evidence that EPS1 contributes to modulating the PM abundance of defense proteins for effective immune signaling because in eps1, impaired flg22 signaling correlated with reduced PM accumulation of FLS2 and its coreceptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1). The eps1 mutant also exhibited reduced responses to the pathogen/damage-associated molecular patterns elf26 and AtPep1, which are perceived by the coreceptor BAK1 and cognate PM receptors. Furthermore, quantitative proteomics of enriched PM fractions revealed that EPS1 was required for proper PM abundance of a discrete subset of proteins with different cellular functions. In conclusion, our study expands the limited understanding of the physiological roles of EPSIN family members in plants and provides novel insight into the TGN-associated clathrin-coated vesicle trafficking machinery that impacts plant PM-derived defense processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina A Collins
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Erica D LaMontagne
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Jeffrey C Anderson
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Gayani Ekanayake
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Alexander S Clarke
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Lauren N Bond
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Daniel J Salamango
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Peter V Cornish
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Scott C Peck
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Antje Heese
- University of Missouri, Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Columbia, Missouri 65211
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Hochholdinger F, Marcon C, Baldauf JA, Yu P, Frey FP. Proteomics of Maize Root Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:143. [PMID: 29556242 PMCID: PMC5844967 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Maize forms a complex root system with structurally and functionally diverse root types that are formed at different developmental stages to extract water and mineral nutrients from soil. In recent years proteomics has been intensively applied to identify proteins involved in shaping the three-dimensional architecture and regulating the function of the maize root system. With the help of developmental mutants, proteomic changes during the initiation and emergence of shoot-borne, lateral and seminal roots have been examined. Furthermore, root hairs were surveyed to understand the proteomic changes during the elongation of these single cell type structures. In addition, primary roots have been used to study developmental changes of the proteome but also to investigate the proteomes of distinct tissues such as the meristematic zone, the elongation zone as well as stele and cortex of the differentiation zone. Moreover, subcellular fractions of the primary root including cell walls, plasma membranes and secreted mucilage have been analyzed. Finally, the superior vigor of hybrid seedling roots compared to their parental inbred lines was studied on the proteome level. In summary, these studies provide novel insights into the complex proteomic interactions of the elaborate maize root system during development.
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Sprangers K, Avramova V, Beemster GTS. Kinematic Analysis of Cell Division and Expansion: Quantifying the Cellular Basis of Growth and Sampling Developmental Zones in Zea mays Leaves. J Vis Exp 2016:54887. [PMID: 28060300 PMCID: PMC5226352 DOI: 10.3791/54887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth analyses are often used in plant science to investigate contrasting genotypes and the effect of environmental conditions. The cellular aspect of these analyses is of crucial importance, because growth is driven by cell division and cell elongation. Kinematic analysis represents a methodology to quantify these two processes. Moreover, this technique is easy to use in non-specialized laboratories. Here, we present a protocol for performing a kinematic analysis in monocotyledonous maize (Zea mays) leaves. Two aspects are presented: (1) the quantification of cell division and expansion parameters, and (2) the determination of the location of the developmental zones. This could serve as a basis for sampling design and/or could be useful for data interpretation of biochemical and molecular measurements with high spatial resolution in the leaf growth zone. The growth zone of maize leaves is harvested during steady-state growth. Individual leaves are used for meristem length determination using a DAPI stain and cell-length profiles using DIC microscopy. The protocol is suited for emerged monocotyledonous leaves harvested during steady-state growth, with growth zones spanning at least several centimeters. To improve the understanding of plant growth regulation, data on growth and molecular studies must be combined. Therefore, an important advantage of kinematic analysis is the possibility to correlate changes at the molecular level to well-defined stages of cellular development. Furthermore, it allows for a more focused sampling of specified developmental stages, which is useful in case of limited budget or time.
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7
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Voothuluru P, Anderson JC, Sharp RE, Peck SC. Plasma membrane proteomics in the maize primary root growth zone: novel insights into root growth adaptation to water stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2043-2054. [PMID: 27341663 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous work on maize (Zea mays L.) primary root growth under water stress showed that cell elongation is maintained in the apical region of the growth zone but progressively inhibited further from the apex. These responses involve spatially differential and coordinated regulation of osmotic adjustment, modification of cell wall extensibility, and other cellular growth processes that are required for root growth under water-stressed conditions. As the interface between the cytoplasm and the apoplast (including the cell wall), the plasma membrane likely plays critical roles in these responses. Using a simplified method for enrichment of plasma membrane proteins, the developmental distribution of plasma membrane proteins was analysed in the growth zone of well-watered and water-stressed maize primary roots. The results identified 432 proteins with differential abundances in well-watered and water-stressed roots. The majority of changes involved region-specific patterns of response, and the identities of the water stress-responsive proteins suggest involvement in diverse biological processes including modification of sugar and nutrient transport, ion homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and cell wall composition. Integration of the distinct, region-specific plasma membrane protein abundance patterns with results from previous physiological, transcriptomic and cell wall proteomic studies reveals novel insights into root growth adaptation to water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Voothuluru
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Anderson
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Robert E Sharp
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Scott C Peck
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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8
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Costa A, Barbaro MR, Sicilia F, Preger V, Krieger-Liszkay A, Sparla F, De Lorenzo G, Trost P. AIR12, a b-type cytochrome of the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana is a negative regulator of resistance against Botrytis cinerea. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 233:32-43. [PMID: 25711811 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIR12 (Auxin Induced in Root culture) is a single gene of Arabidopsis that codes for a mono-heme cytochrome b. Recombinant AIR12 from Arabidopsis accepted electrons from ascorbate or superoxide, and donated electrons to either monodehydroascorbate or oxygen. AIR12 was found associated in vivo to the plasma membrane. Though linked to the membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol anchor, AIR12 is a hydrophilic and glycosylated protein predicted to be fully exposed to the apoplast. The expression pattern of AIR12 in Arabidopsis is developmentally regulated and correlated to sites of controlled cell separation (e.g. micropilar endosperm during germination, epidermal cells surrounding the emerging lateral root) and cells around wounds. Arabidopsis (Landsberg erecta-0) mutants with altered levels of AIR12 did not show any obvious phenotype. However, AIR12-overexpressing plants accumulated ROS (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide) and lipid peroxides in leaves, indicating that AIR12 may alter the redox state of the apoplast under particular conditions. On the other hand, AIR12-knock out plants displayed a strongly decreased susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea infection, which in turn induced AIR12 expression in susceptible wild type plants. Altogether, the results suggest that AIR12 plays a role in the regulation of the apoplastic redox state and in the response to necrotrophic pathogens. Possible relationships between these functions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Costa
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università di Milano, Via G. Celoria 24, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Barbaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sicilia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologia "C. Darwin," Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Preger
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anja Krieger-Liszkay
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologie de Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8221, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Francesca Sparla
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologia "C. Darwin," Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Paolo Trost
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie (FABIT), Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Millar AH, Taylor NL. Subcellular proteomics-where cell biology meets protein chemistry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:55. [PMID: 24616726 PMCID: PMC3935256 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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