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Zhou X, Yi D, Ma L, Wang X. Genome-wide analysis and expression of the aquaporin gene family in Avena sativa L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1305299. [PMID: 38312362 PMCID: PMC10836146 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1305299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Oat (Avena sativa L.) belongs to the early maturity grass subfamily of the Gramineae subfamily oats (Avena) and has excellent characteristics, such as tolerance to barrenness, salt, cold, and drought. Aquaporin (AQP) proteins belong to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily, are widely involved in plant growth and development, and play an important role in abiotic stress responses. To date, previous studies have not identified or analyzed the AsAQP gene family system, and functional studies of oat AQP genes in response to drought, cold, and salt stress have not been performed. Methods In this study, AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat genome, and various bioinformatics data on the AQP gene family, gene structure, gene replication, promoters and regulatory networks were analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR technology was used to verify the expression patterns of the AQP gene family in different oat tissues under different abiotic stresses. Results In this study, a total of 45 AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat reference genome. According to a phylogenetic analysis, 45 AsAQP were divided into 4 subfamilies (PIP, SIP, NIP, and TIP). Among the 45 AsAQP, 23 proteins had interactions, and among these, 5AG0000633.1 had the largest number of interacting proteins. The 20 AsAQP genes were expressed in all tissues, and their expression varied greatly among different tissues and organs. All 20 AsAQP genes responded to salt, drought and cold stress. The NIP subfamily 6Ag0000836.1 gene was significantly upregulated under different abiotic stresses and could be further verified as a key candidate gene. Conclusion The findings of this study provide a comprehensive list of members and their sequence characteristics of the AsAQP protein family, laying a solid theoretical foundation for further functional analysis of AsAQP in oats. This research also offers valuable reference for the creation of stress-tolerant oat varieties through genetic engineering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lin Ma
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yaghobi M, Heidari P. Genome-Wide Analysis of Aquaporin Gene Family in Triticum turgidum and Its Expression Profile in Response to Salt Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14010202. [PMID: 36672943 PMCID: PMC9859376 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
During the response of plants to water stresses, aquaporin (AQP) plays a prominent role in membrane water transport based on the received upstream signals. Due to the importance of the AQP gene family, studies have been conducted that investigate the function and regulatory system of these genes. However, many of their molecular aspects are still unknown. This study aims to carry out a genome-wide investigation of the AQP gene family in Triticum turgidum using bioinformatics tools and to investigate the expression patterns of some members in response to salt stress. Our results show that there are 80 TtAQP genes in T. turgidum, which are classified into four main groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Several duplications were observed between the members of the TtAQP gene family, and high diversity in response to post-translational modifications was observed between TtAQP family members. The expression pattern of TtAQP genes disclosed that these genes are primarily upregulated in response to salt stress. Additionally, the qPCR data revealed that TtAQPs are more induced in delayed responses to salinity stress. Overall, our findings illustrate that TtAQP members are diverse in terms of their structure, regulatory systems, and expression levels.
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Nicolas-Espinosa J, Carvajal M. Genome-wide identification and biological relevance of broccoli aquaporins. THE PLANT GENOME 2022; 15:e20262. [PMID: 36263901 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is an important crop worldwide, and its regular consumption is associated with health benefits due to the presence of various bioactive compounds. An optimal water balance and homeostasis are needed for plant growth; in this sense, aquaporins play a crucial role. As a result of a genome-wide search, a total of 65 aquaporin genes were identified in broccoli. The aquaporins were classified according to their phylogenetic relationships with other Brassicas species and Arabidopsis thaliana, and evolutionary events of gene duplication were also assessed, highlighting the tendency of NIPs (Nodulin-26-like Intrinsic Proteins) to duplicate. Also, the chromosomal localization, gene duplication, the study of the conserved motifs, and the tertiary structure were determined in broccoli. Functional predictive analyses were also carried out, which, together with the expression analyses in different broccoli plant tissues, allowed the prediction of the biological role of each aquaporin isoform. BoiPIP1-2a and BoiPIP1-2b showed higher expression in all the plant tissues when compared with other aquaporins. BoiTIP1-2b also showed high expression levels and was associated with nitrogen compounds transport such as urea. However, NIPs, through their differential expression and the tandem duplications of the isoforms, were revealed as the putative main actors in the response of broccoli plants to abiotic stress responses. The results of this work pointed to the physiological significance of each aquaporin isoform of broccoli, opening a new field of knowledge and constituting the first step of further in vivo analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Nicolas-Espinosa
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Dep., Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Univ. de Espinardo, Edificio 25, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Dep., Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Univ. de Espinardo, Edificio 25, Murcia, 30100, Spain
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Onuh AF, Miwa K. Regulation, Diversity and Evolution of Boron Transporters in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:590-599. [PMID: 33570563 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential trace element in plants, and borate cross-linking of pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) in cell walls is required for normal cell growth. High concentrations of B are toxic to cells. Therefore, plants need to control B transport to respond to B conditions in the environment. Over the past two decades, genetic analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that B transport is governed by two types of membrane transport molecules: NIPs (nodulin-26-like intrinsic proteins), which facilitate boric acid permeation, and BORs, which export borate from cells. In this article, we review recent findings on the (i) regulation at the cell level, (ii) diversity among plant species and (iii) evolution of these B transporters in plants. We first describe the systems regulating these B transporters at the cell level, focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying the polar localization of proteins and B-dependent expression, as well as their physiological significance in A. thaliana. Then, we examine the presence of homologous genes and characterize the functions of NIPs and BORs in B homeostasis, in a wide range of plant species, including Brassica napus, Oryza sativa and Zea mays. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary aspects of NIPs and BORs as B transporters, and the possible relationship between the diversification of B transport and the occurrence of RG-II in plants. This review considers the sophisticated systems of B transport that are conserved among various plant species, which were established to meet mineral nutrient requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarachukwu Faith Onuh
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, North-10, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kyoko Miwa
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, North-10, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
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Ye X, Gao Y, Chen C, Xie F, Hua Q, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Zhao J, Hu G, Qin Y. Genome-Wide Identification of Aquaporin Gene Family in Pitaya Reveals an HuNIP6;1 Involved in Flowering Process. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7689. [PMID: 34299311 PMCID: PMC8306030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential membrane proteins involved in seed maturation and germination, stomata movement, photosynthesis, and regulation of plant flowering processes. Pitaya flowers are open at night and wither at daybreak, which shows an obvious circadian rhythm. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of AQPs in Hylocereus undantus was conducted to screen key genes associated with flowering processes. A total of 33 HuAQP genes were identified from the H. undantus genome. The 33 HuAQPs were grouped into four subfamilies: 10 PIPs, 13 TIPs, 8 NIPs, and 2 SIPs, which were distributed on 9 out of 11 pitaya chromosomes (Chr) (except for Chr7 and Chr10). Results from expression profiles showed that HuNIP6;1 may be involved in pitaya's floral opening. HuNIP6;1 was localized exclusively in the cell membrane. Overexpression of HuNIP6;1 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly promoted early flowering through regulating negative flowering regulators of MJM30, COL9, and PRR5, suggesting that HuNIP6;1 plays key roles in regulating flowering time. The present study provides the first genome-wide analysis of the AQP gene family in pitaya and valuable information for utilization of HuAQPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Canbin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Fangfang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Qingzhu Hua
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Zhike Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Rong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Jietang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Guibing Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Yonghua Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.Y.); (C.C.); (F.X.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (G.H.)
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Ahmed S, Kouser S, Asgher M, Gandhi SG. Plant aquaporins: A frontward to make crop plants drought resistant. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1089-1105. [PMID: 33826759 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress alters gene expression and causes cellular damage in crop plants. Drought inhibits photosynthesis by reducing the content and the activity of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, ultimately decreasing the crop yield. The role of aquaporins (AQP) in improving the growth and adaptation of crop plants under drought stress is of importance. AQP form channels and control water transport in and out of the cells and are associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The current review addresses: (1) the evolution of AQPs in plants, (2) the classification of plant AQPs, (3) the role of AQPs in drought alleviation in crop plants, and (4) the phytohormone crosstalk with AQPs in crops exposed to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmed
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
| | - Shaista Kouser
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Mohd Asgher
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Garcia-Ibañez P, Nicolas-Espinosa J, Carvajal M. Plasma membrane vesicles from cauliflower meristematic tissue and their role in water passage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:30. [PMID: 33413105 PMCID: PMC7791869 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) inflorescences are composed mainly of meristematic tissue, which has a high cellular proliferation. This considerable cellular density makes the inflorescence an organ with a large proportion of membranes. However, little is known about the specific role of the lipid and protein composition of the plasma membrane present in this organ. RESULTS In this work, we analyzed the lipids and proteins present in plasma membrane from two different stages of development of cauliflower inflorescence and compared them with leaf plasma membrane. For this purpose, plasma membrane vesicles were obtained by centrifugation for each sample and the vesicular diameter and osmotic permeability (Pf) were analyzed by dynamic light scattering and the stopped-flow technique, respectively. In addition, fatty acids and sterols were analyzed by gas chromatography and HPLC. The protein composition of the inflorescences and leaves was characterized by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and the data obtained were compared with Brassicaceae proteins present in the UniProt database in relation to the presence of aquaporins determined by western blot analysis. The highest Pf value was found in 90 day inflorescences-derived plasma membrane vesicles (61.4 ± 4.14 μms- 1). For sterols and fatty acids, the concentrations varied according to the organ of origin. The protein profile revealed the presence of aquaporins from the PIP1 and PIP2 subfamilies in both inflorescences and leaves. CONCLUSION This study shows that the composition of the sterols, the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids, and the proteins present in the membranes analyzed give them high functionality for water passage. This represents an important addition to the limited information available in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Ibañez
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Nicolas-Espinosa
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Faize M, Fumanal B, Luque F, Ramírez-Tejero JA, Zou Z, Qiao X, Faize L, Gousset-Dupont A, Roeckel-Drevet P, Label P, Venisse JS. Genome Wild Analysis and Molecular Understanding of the Aquaporin Diversity in Olive Trees ( Olea Europaea L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4183. [PMID: 32545387 PMCID: PMC7312470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular aquaporin water channels (AQPs) constitute a large family of transmembrane proteins present throughout all kingdoms of life, playing important roles in the uptake of water and many solutes across the membranes. In olive trees, AQP diversity, protein features and their biological functions are still largely unknown. This study focuses on the structure and functional and evolution diversity of AQP subfamilies in two olive trees, the wild species Olea europaea var. sylvestris (OeuAQPs) and the domesticated species Olea europaea cv. Picual (OleurAQPs), and describes their involvement in different physiological processes of early plantlet development and in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in the domesticated species. A scan of genomes from the wild and domesticated olive species revealed the presence of 52 and 79 genes encoding full-length AQP sequences, respectively. Cross-genera phylogenetic analysis with orthologous clustered OleaAQPs into five established subfamilies: PIP, TIP, NIP, SIP, and XIP. Subsequently, gene structures, protein motifs, substrate specificities and cellular localizations of the full length OleaAQPs were predicted. Functional prediction based on the NPA motif, ar/R selectivity filter, Froger's and specificity-determining positions suggested differences in substrate specificities of Olea AQPs. Expression analysis of the OleurAQP genes indicates that some genes are tissue-specific, whereas few others show differential expressions at different developmental stages and in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The current study presents the first detailed genome-wide analysis of the AQP gene family in olive trees and it provides valuable information for further functional analysis to infer the role of AQP in the adaptation of olive trees in diverse environmental conditions in order to help the genetic improvement of domesticated olive trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Faize
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
| | - Boris Fumanal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (B.F.); (A.G.-D.); (P.R.-D.); (P.L.)
| | - Francisco Luque
- Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (F.L.); (J.A.R.-T.)
| | - Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero
- Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (F.L.); (J.A.R.-T.)
| | - Zhi Zou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; (Z.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xueying Qiao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; (Z.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Lydia Faize
- Group of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, Department of Plant Breeding, Murcia University, CEBAS CSIC, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Aurélie Gousset-Dupont
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (B.F.); (A.G.-D.); (P.R.-D.); (P.L.)
| | - Patricia Roeckel-Drevet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (B.F.); (A.G.-D.); (P.R.-D.); (P.L.)
| | - Philippe Label
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (B.F.); (A.G.-D.); (P.R.-D.); (P.L.)
| | - Jean-Stéphane Venisse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (B.F.); (A.G.-D.); (P.R.-D.); (P.L.)
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De Rosa A, Watson-Lazowski A, Evans JR, Groszmann M. Genome-wide identification and characterisation of Aquaporins in Nicotiana tabacum and their relationships with other Solanaceae species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:266. [PMID: 32517797 PMCID: PMC7285608 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular membranes are dynamic structures, continuously adjusting their composition, allowing plants to respond to developmental signals, stresses, and changing environments. To facilitate transmembrane transport of substrates, plant membranes are embedded with both active and passive transporters. Aquaporins (AQPs) constitute a major family of membrane spanning channel proteins that selectively facilitate the passive bidirectional passage of substrates across biological membranes at an astonishing 108 molecules per second. AQPs are the most diversified in the plant kingdom, comprising of five major subfamilies that differ in temporal and spatial gene expression, subcellular protein localisation, substrate specificity, and post-translational regulatory mechanisms; collectively providing a dynamic transportation network spanning the entire plant. Plant AQPs can transport a range of solutes essential for numerous plant processes including, water relations, growth and development, stress responses, root nutrient uptake, and photosynthesis. The ability to manipulate AQPs towards improving plant productivity, is reliant on expanding our insight into the diversity and functional roles of AQPs. RESULTS We characterised the AQP family from Nicotiana tabacum (NtAQPs; tobacco), a popular model system capable of scaling from the laboratory to the field. Tobacco is closely related to major economic crops (e.g. tomato, potato, eggplant and peppers) and itself has new commercial applications. Tobacco harbours 76 AQPs making it the second largest characterised AQP family. These fall into five distinct subfamilies, for which we characterised phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, protein sequences, selectivity filter compositions, sub-cellular localisation, and tissue-specific expression. We also identified the AQPs from tobacco's parental genomes (N. sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis), allowing us to characterise the evolutionary history of the NtAQP family. Assigning orthology to tomato and potato AQPs allowed for cross-species comparisons of conservation in protein structures, gene expression, and potential physiological roles. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive characterisation of the tobacco AQP family, and strengthens the current knowledge of AQP biology. The refined gene/protein models, tissue-specific expression analysis, and cross-species comparisons, provide valuable insight into the evolutionary history and likely physiological roles of NtAQPs and their Solanaceae orthologs. Collectively, these results will support future functional studies and help transfer basic research to applied agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria De Rosa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Alexander Watson-Lazowski
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - John R Evans
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Michael Groszmann
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
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Kuang C, Li J, Liu H, Liu J, Sun X, Zhu X, Hua W. Genome-Wide Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of the Fruit-Weight 2.2-Like Gene Family in Polyploid Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.). DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:766-782. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kuang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingchao Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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Hussain A, Tanveer R, Mustafa G, Farooq M, Amin I, Mansoor S. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of aquaporins provides insight into the gene family expansion and evolution in plants and their role in drought tolerant and susceptible chickpea cultivars. Genomics 2020; 112:263-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Diehn TA, Bienert MD, Pommerrenig B, Liu Z, Spitzer C, Bernhardt N, Fuge J, Bieber A, Richet N, Chaumont F, Bienert GP. Boron demanding tissues of Brassica napus express specific sets of functional Nodulin26-like Intrinsic Proteins and BOR1 transporters. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:68-82. [PMID: 31148338 PMCID: PMC6852077 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sophisticated uptake and translocation regulation of the essential element boron (B) in plants is ensured by two transmembrane transporter families: the Nodulin26-like Intrinsic Protein (NIP) and BOR transporter family. Though the agriculturally important crop Brassica napus is highly sensitive to B deficiency, and NIPs and BORs have been suggested to be responsible for B efficiency in this species, functional information of these transporter subfamilies is extremely rare. Here, we molecularly characterized the NIP and BOR1 transporter family in the European winter-type cv. Darmor-PBY018. Our transport assays in the heterologous oocyte and yeast expression systems as well as in growth complementation assays in planta demonstrated B transport activity of NIP5, NIP6, NIP7 and BOR1 isoforms. Moreover, we provided functional and quantitative evidence that also members of the NIP2, NIP3 and NIP4 groups facilitate the transport of B. A detailed B- and tissue-dependent B-transporter expression map was generated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We showed that NIP5 isoforms are highly upregulated under B-deficient conditions in roots, but also in shoot tissues. Moreover, we detected transcripts of several B-permeable NIPs from various groups in floral tissues that contribute to the B distribution within the highly B deficiency-sensitive flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Arvid Diehn
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Manuela Désirée Bienert
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
- Division of Plant PhysiologyUniversity KaiserslauternKaiserslautern67663Germany
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Christoph Spitzer
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Experimental Taxonomy, Genebank DepartmentLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Jacqueline Fuge
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Annett Bieber
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Nicolas Richet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐Neuve1348Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐Neuve1348Belgium
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
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13
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Bezerra-Neto JP, de Araújo FC, Ferreira-Neto JRC, da Silva MD, Pandolfi V, Aburjaile FF, Sakamoto T, de Oliveira Silva RL, Kido EA, Barbosa Amorim LL, Ortega JM, Benko-Iseppon AM. Plant Aquaporins: Diversity, Evolution and Biotechnological Applications. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:368-395. [PMID: 30387391 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666181102095910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane forms a permeable barrier that separates the cytoplasm from the external environment, defining the physical and chemical limits in each cell in all organisms. The movement of molecules and ions into and out of cells is controlled by the plasma membrane as a critical process for cell stability and survival, maintaining essential differences between the composition of the extracellular fluid and the cytosol. In this process aquaporins (AQPs) figure as important actors, comprising highly conserved membrane proteins that carry water, glycerol and other hydrophilic molecules through biomembranes, including the cell wall and membranes of cytoplasmic organelles. While mammals have 15 types of AQPs described so far (displaying 18 paralogs), a single plant species can present more than 120 isoforms, providing transport of different types of solutes. Such aquaporins may be present in the whole plant or can be associated with different tissues or situations, including biotic and especially abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity or tolerance to soils rich in heavy metals, for instance. The present review addresses several aspects of plant aquaporins, from their structure, classification, and function, to in silico methodologies for their analysis and identification in transcriptomes and genomes. Aspects of evolution and diversification of AQPs (with a focus on plants) are approached for the first time with the aid of the LCA (Last Common Ancestor) analysis. Finally, the main practical applications involving the use of AQPs are discussed, including patents and future perspectives involving this important protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Bezerra-Neto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Flávia Czekalski de Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José R C Ferreira-Neto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Manassés D da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Flavia F Aburjaile
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tetsu Sakamoto
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberta L de Oliveira Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ederson A Kido
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lidiane L Barbosa Amorim
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí, Campus Oeiras, Avenida Projetada, s/n, 64.500-000, Oeiras, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José M Ortega
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana M Benko-Iseppon
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Genetics Department, Center of Biosciences, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-423, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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14
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Zhou Y, Tao J, Ahammed GJ, Li J, Yang Y. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of aquaporin gene family related to abiotic stress in watermelon. Genome 2019; 62:643-656. [PMID: 31418287 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2019-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The plant aquaporins (AQPs) are highly conserved integral membrane proteins that participate in multiple developmental processes and responses to various stresses. In this study, a total of 35 AQP genes were identified in the watermelon genome. The phylogenetic analysis showed that these AQPs can be divided into five types, including 16 plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), eight tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), eight nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), two small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and one uncategorized X intrinsic protein (XIP). A number of cis-elements related to plant responses to hormones and stresses were detected in the promoter sequences of ClAQP genes. Chromosome distribution analysis revealed that the genes are unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes, with chromosomes 1 and 4 possessing the most genes. Expression analysis at different developmental stages in flesh and rind indicated that most of ClAQPs have tissue-specific expression. Meanwhile, some other AQP genes showed differential expression in response to cold, salt, and ABA treatments, which is consistent with the organization of the stress-responsive cis-elements detected in the promoter regions. Our results lay a foundation for understanding the specific functions of ClAQP genes to help the genetic improvement of watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Junjie Tao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.,Department of Horticulture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.,Department of Horticulture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Youxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.,Department of Horticulture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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15
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Zhu YX, Yang L, Liu N, Yang J, Zhou XK, Xia YC, He Y, He YQ, Gong HJ, Ma DF, Yin JL. Genome-wide identification, structure characterization, and expression pattern profiling of aquaporin gene family in cucumber. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:345. [PMID: 31390991 PMCID: PMC6686268 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquaporin (AQP) proteins comprise a group of membrane intrinsic proteins (MIPs) that are responsible for transporting water and other small molecules, which is crucial for plant survival under stress conditions including salt stress. Despite the vital role of AQPs, little is known about them in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). RESULTS In this study, we identified 39 aquaporin-encoding genes in cucumber that were separated by phylogenetic analysis into five sub-families (PIP, TIP, NIP, SIP, and XIP). Their substrate specificity was then assessed based on key amino acid residues such as the aromatic/Arginine (ar/R) selectivity filter, Froger's positions, and specificity-determining positions. The putative cis-regulatory motifs available in the promoter region of each AQP gene were analyzed and results revealed that their promoter regions contain many abiotic related cis-regulatory elements. Furthermore, analysis of previously released RNA-seq data revealed tissue- and treatment-specific expression patterns of cucumber AQP genes (CsAQPs). Three aquaporins (CsTIP1;1, CsPIP2;4, and CsPIP1;2) were the most transcript abundance genes, with CsTIP1;1 showing the highest expression levels among all aquaporins. Subcellular localization analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells revealed the diverse and broad array of sub-cellular localizations of CsAQPs. We then performed RNA-seq to identify the expression pattern of CsAQPs under salt stress and found a general decreased expression level of root CsAQPs. Moreover, qRT-PCR revealed rapid changes in the expression levels of CsAQPs in response to diverse abiotic stresses including salt, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000, heat, and chilling stresses. Additionally, transient expression of AQPs in N. benthamiana increased leaf water loss rate, suggesting their potential roles in the regulation of plant water status under stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that CsAQPs play important roles in response to salt stress. The genome-wide identification and primary function characterization of cucumber aquaporins provides insight to elucidate the complexity of the AQP gene family and their biological functions in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xing Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Ning Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Jie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Xiao-Kang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yu-Chen Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yi-Qin He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Hai-Jun Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Dong-Fang Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Jun-Liang Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
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16
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Shivaraj SM, Deshmukh R, Sonah H, Bélanger RR. Identification and characterization of aquaporin genes in Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes, the diploid progenitors of peanut. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:222. [PMID: 30885116 PMCID: PMC6423786 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate transport of water and small solutes across cell membranes and play an important role in different physiological processes in plants. Despite their importance, limited data is available about AQP distribution and function in the economically important oilseed crop peanut, Arachis hypogea (AABB). The present study reports the identification and structural and expression analysis of the AQPs found in the diploid progenitor genomes of A. hypogea i.e. Arachis duranensis (AA) and Arachis ipaensis (BB). RESULTS Genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 32 and 36 AQPs in A. duranensis and A. ipaensis, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed similar numbers of AQPs clustered in five distinct subfamilies including the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), the tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), the nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), the small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and the uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). A notable exception was the XIP subfamily where XIP1 group was observed only in A. ipaensis genome. Protein structure evaluation showed a hydrophilic aromatic/arginine (ar/R) selectivity filter (SF) in PIPs whereas other subfamilies mostly contained a hydrophobic ar/R SF. Both genomes contained one NIP2 with a GSGR SF indicating a conserved ability within the genus to uptake silicon. Analysis of RNA-seq data from A. hypogea revealed a similar expression pattern for the different AQP paralogs of AA and BB genomes. The TIP3s showed seed-specific expression while the NIP1s' expression was confined to roots and root nodules. CONCLUSIONS The identification and the phylogenetic analysis of AQPs in both Arachis species revealed the presence of all five sub-families of AQPs. Within the NIP subfamily, the presence of a NIP2 in both genomes supports a conserved ability to absorb Si within plants of the genus. The global expression profile of AQPs in A. hypogea revealed a similar pattern of AQP expression regardless of the subfamilies or the genomes. The tissue-specific expression of AQPs suggests an important role in the development and function of the respective organs. The AQPs identified in the present study will serve as a resource for further characterization and possible exploitation of AQPs to understand their physiological role in A. hypogea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Shivaraj
- Département de phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Richard R. Bélanger
- Département de phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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Wei X, Jin X, Ndayambaza B, Min X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Liu W. Transcriptome-Wide Characterization and Functional Identification of the Aquaporin Gene Family During Drought Stress in Common Vetch. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:374-384. [PMID: 30807211 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels that are essential for the movement of water and other small molecules between biofilms in various physiological processes in plants. In this study, based on transcriptome-wide data, we identified and described a total of 21 AQP genes in common vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa), which is an economically important pasture legume worldwide. Based on phylogenetic analyses, the VsAQPs were sorted into four subfamilies, including four plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), six tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), seven NOD26-like intrinsic proteins, and four small basic intrinsic proteins. Furthermore, chemical and physical properties of these VsAQPs, including the isoelectric point and theoretical molecular weight, were analyzed. Analyses of the AQP signature sequences and key residues indicated the substrate specificity of each VsAQP. A set of VsAQPs was selected for gene expression analysis in a number of tissues and after drought stress treatments using real-time quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction assays. Most of the PIPs and TIPs were proposed to have critical roles in regulating the flow of water during drought stress. Heterologous expression experiments in yeast indicated that VsPIP1;2 and VsPIP2;2 are key candidate genes for improving drought stress tolerance. The results reported in this study could be a crucial resource for further practical analyses and for genetic improvement of drought stress tolerance in common vetch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Boniface Ndayambaza
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xueyang Min
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhengshe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenxian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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18
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Witzel K, Abu Risha M, Albers P, Börnke F, Hanschen FS. Identification and Characterization of Three Epithiospecifier Protein Isoforms in Brassica oleracea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1552. [PMID: 31921230 PMCID: PMC6930892 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates present in Brassicaceae play a major role in herbivory defense. Upon tissue disruption, glucosinolates come into contact with myrosinase, which initiates their breakdown to biologically active compounds. Among these, the formation of epithionitriles is triggered by the presence of epithiospecifier protein (ESP) and a terminal double bond in the glucosinolate side chain. One ESP gene is characterized in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtESP; At1g54040.2). However, Brassica species underwent genome triplication since their divergence from the Arabidopsis lineage. This indicates the presence of multiple ESP isoforms in Brassica crops that are currently poorly characterized. We identified three B. oleracea ESPs, specifically BoESP1 (LOC106296341), BoESP2 (LOC106306810), and BoESP3 (LOC106325105) based on in silico genome analysis. Transcript and protein abundance were assessed in shoots and roots of four B. oleracea vegetables, namely broccoli, kohlrabi, white, and red cabbage, because these genotypes showed a differential pattern for the formation of glucosinolate hydrolysis products as well for their ESP activity. BoESP1 and BoESP2 were expressed mainly in shoots, while BoESP3 was abundant in roots. Biochemical characterization of heterologous expressed BoESP isoforms revealed different substrate specificities towards seven glucosinolates: all isoforms showed epithiospecifier activity on alkenyl glucosinolates, but not on non-alkenyl glucosinolates. The pH-value differently affected BoESP activity: while BoESP1 and BoESP2 activities were optimal at pH 6-7, BoESP3 activity remained relatively stable from pH 4 to 7. In order test their potential for the in vivo modification of glucosinolate breakdown, the three isoforms were expressed in A. thaliana Hi-0, which lacks AtESP expression, and analyzed for the effect on their respective hydrolysis products. The BoESPs altered the hydrolysis of allyl glucosinolate in the A. thaliana transformants to release 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane and reduced formation of the corresponding 3-butenenitrile and allyl isothiocyanate. Plants expressing BoESP2 showed the highest percentage of released epithionitriles. Given these results, we propose a model for isoform-specific roles of B. oleracea ESPs in glucosinolate breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Marua Abu Risha
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Philip Albers
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Frederik Börnke
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Franziska S. Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
- *Correspondence: Franziska S. Hanschen,
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19
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Putpeerawit P, Sojikul P, Thitamadee S, Narangajavana J. Genome-wide analysis of aquaporin gene family and their responses to water-deficit stress conditions in cassava. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 121:118-127. [PMID: 29100101 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important economic crop in tropical countries. Although cassava is considered a drought-tolerant crop that can grow in arid areas, the impact of drought can significantly reduce the growth and yield of cassava storage roots. The discovery of aquaporin molecules (AQPs) in plants has resulted in a paradigm shift in the understanding of plant-water relationships, whereas the relationship between aquaporin and drought resistance in cassava still remains elusive. To investigate the potential role of aquaporin in cassava under water-deficit conditions, 45 putative MeAQPs were identified in the cassava genome. Six members of MeAQPs, containing high numbers of water stress-responsive motifs in their promoter regions, were selected for a gene expression study. Two cassava cultivars, which showed different degrees of responses to water-deficit stress, were used to test in in vitro and potted plant systems. The differential expression of all candidate MeAQPs were found in only leaves from the potted plant system were consistent with the relative water content and with the stomatal closure profile of the two cultivars. MePIP2-1 and MePIP2-10 were up-regulated and this change in their expression might regulate a special signal for water efflux out of guard cells, thus inducing stomatal closure under water-deficit conditions. In addition, the expression profiles of genes in the ABA-dependent pathway revealed an essential correlation with stomatal closure. The potential functions of MeAQPs and candidate ABA-dependent pathway genes in response to water deficit in the more tolerant cassava cultivar were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattaranit Putpeerawit
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Punchapat Sojikul
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siripong Thitamadee
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarunya Narangajavana
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand.
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Prediction of arsenic and antimony transporter major intrinsic proteins from the genomes of crop plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:2630-2642. [PMID: 29080824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Major intrinsic proteins (MIPs), commonly known as aquaporins, transport water and non-polar small solutes. Comparing the 3D models and the primary selectivity-related motifs (two Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA) regions, the aromatic/arginine (ar/R) selectivity filter, and Froger's positions (FPs)) of all plant MIPs that have been experimentally proven to transport arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb), some substrate-specific signature sequences (SSSS) or specificity determining sites (SDPs) have been predicted. These SSSS or SDPs were determined in 543 MIPs found in the genomes of 12 crop plants; the As and Sb transporters were predicted to be distributed in noduline-26 like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), and every plant had one or several As and Sb transporter NIPs. Phylogenetic grouping of the NIP subfamily based on the ar/R selectivity filter and FPs were linked to As and Sb transport. We further determined the group-wise substrate selectivity profiles of the NIPs in the 12 crop plants. In addition to two NPA regions, the ar/R filter, and FPs, certain amino acids especially in the pore line, loop D, and termini contribute to the functional distinctiveness of the NIP groups. Expression analysis of transcripts in different organs indicated that most of the As and Sb transporter NIPs were expressed in roots.
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Groszmann M, Osborn HL, Evans JR. Carbon dioxide and water transport through plant aquaporins. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:938-961. [PMID: 27739588 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are channel proteins that function to increase the permeability of biological membranes. In plants, aquaporins are encoded by multigene families that have undergone substantial diversification in land plants. The plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) subfamily of aquaporins is of particular interest given their potential to improve plant water relations and photosynthesis. Flowering plants have between 7 and 28 PIP genes. Their expression varies with tissue and cell type, through development and in response to a variety of factors, contributing to the dynamic and tissue specific control of permeability. There are a growing number of PIPs shown to act as water channels, but those altering membrane permeability to CO2 are more limited. The structural basis for selective substrate specificities has not yet been resolved, although a few key amino acid positions have been identified. Several regions important for dimerization, gating and trafficking are also known. PIP aquaporins assemble as tetramers and their properties depend on the monomeric composition. PIPs control water flux into and out of veins and stomatal guard cells and also increase membrane permeability to CO2 in mesophyll and stomatal guard cells. The latter increases the effectiveness of Rubisco and can potentially influence transpiration efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Groszmann
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Hannah L Osborn
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - John R Evans
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression profile of aquaporin gene family in flax (Linum usitatissimum). Sci Rep 2017; 7:46137. [PMID: 28447607 PMCID: PMC5406838 DOI: 10.1038/srep46137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane intrinsic proteins (MIPs) form transmembrane channels and facilitate transport of myriad substrates across the cell membrane in many organisms. Majority of plant MIPs have water transporting ability and are commonly referred as aquaporins (AQPs). In the present study, we identified aquaporin coding genes in flax by genome-wide analysis, their structure, function and expression pattern by pan-genome exploration. Cross-genera phylogenetic analysis with known aquaporins from rice, arabidopsis, and poplar showed five subgroups of flax aquaporins representing 16 plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), 17 tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), 13 NOD26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), 2 small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and 3 uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). Amongst aquaporins, PIPs contained hydrophilic aromatic arginine (ar/R) selective filter but TIP, NIP, SIP and XIP subfamilies mostly contained hydrophobic ar/R selective filter. Analysis of RNA-seq and microarray data revealed high expression of PIPs in multiple tissues, low expression of NIPs, and seed specific expression of TIP3 in flax. Exploration of aquaporin homologs in three closely related Linum species bienne, grandiflorum and leonii revealed presence of 49, 39 and 19 AQPs, respectively. The genome-wide identification of aquaporins, first in flax, provides insight to elucidate their physiological and developmental roles in flax.
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Zargar SM, Nagar P, Deshmukh R, Nazir M, Wani AA, Masoodi KZ, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R. Aquaporins as potential drought tolerance inducing proteins: Towards instigating stress tolerance. J Proteomics 2017; 169:233-238. [PMID: 28412527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are primarily involved in maintaining cellular water homeostasis. Their role in diverse physiological processes has fascinated plant scientists for more than a decade, particularly concerning abiotic stresses. Increasing examples of evidence in various crop plants indicate that the AQPs are responsible for precise regulation of water movement and consequently play a crucial role in the drought stress tolerance. Since drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide, it has become a critical agenda to focus research on the development of drought tolerant crop plants. AQPs can act as key candidate molecules to confront this issue. Hence, there is an important need to explore the potential of AQPs by understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathways through which they induce drought tolerance. Moreover, the signalling network/s involved in such pathways needs to be mined and understood correctly, and that may lead to the development of drought tolerance in crop plants. In the present review, opportunity and challenges regarding the efficient utilization of AQP-related information is presented and discussed. The complied information and the discussion will be helpful for designing future experiments and to set the specific goals for the enhancement of drought tolerance in crop plants. Biological Significance Knowledge on the role of AQPs in maintaining cellular water homeostasis has given new hope for developing drought tolerance in crop plants. Since drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide, it has become a critical agenda to focus research on the development of drought-tolerant crop plants. AQPs can act as key candidate molecules to solve this problem through genetic engineering. For this, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms and inter-related pathways through which AQPs induce drought tolerance and to explore the signaling network/s involved in such pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India.
| | - Preeti Nagar
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Departement de Phytologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Muslima Nazir
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Wani
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Khalid Zaffar Masoodi
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8574, Ibaraki, Japan
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Baranwal VK, Khurana P. Major intrinsic proteins repertoire of Morus notabilis and their expression profiles in different species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:304-317. [PMID: 27988481 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Leaf moisture content in Morus is a significant trait regulating the yield of silk production. Studies have shown that fresh leaves or leaves with high water content are preferably eaten by silk worm. Water and certain other molecules transport in plants is known to be regulated by aquaporins or Major Intrinsic Proteins (MIPs). Members of the MIP gene family have also been implicated in plant development and stress responsiveness. To understand how members of MIP gene family are regulated and evolved, we carried out an extensive analysis of the gene family. We identified a total of 36 non redundant MIPs in Morus notabilis genome, belonging to five subfamilies PIPs, TIPs, NIPs, XIPs and SIPs) have been identified. We performed a Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and looked at distribution of cis elements in their 2K upstream regulatory region to reveal their putative roles in various stresses and developmental aspects. Expression analysis in developmental stages revealed their tissue preferential expression pattern in diverse vegetative and reproductive tissues. Comparison of expression profiles in the leaves of three species including Morus notabilis, Morus serrata and Morus laevigata led to identification of differential expression in these species. In all, this study elaborates a basic insight into the structure, function and evolutionary analysis of MIP gene family in Morus which is hitherto unavailable. Our analysis will provide a ready reference to the mulberry research community involved in the Morus improvement program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Baranwal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Shivaraj SM, Deshmukh R, Bhat JA, Sonah H, Bélanger RR. Understanding Aquaporin Transport System in Eelgrass ( Zostera marina L.), an Aquatic Plant Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1334. [PMID: 28824671 PMCID: PMC5541012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a class of integral membrane proteins involved in the transport of water and many other small solutes. The AQPs have been extensively studied in many land species obtaining water and nutrients from the soil, but their distribution and evolution have never been investigated in aquatic plant species, where solute assimilation is mostly through the leaves. In this regard, identification of AQPs in the genome of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass), an aquatic ecological model species could reveal important differences underlying solute uptake between land and aquatic species. In the present study, genome-wide analysis led to the identification of 25 AQPs belonging to four subfamilies, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) in eelgrass. As in other monocots, the XIP subfamily was found to be absent from the eelgrass genome. Further classification of subfamilies revealed a unique distribution pattern, namely the loss of the NIP2 (NIP-III) subgroup, which is known for silicon (Si) transport activity and ubiquitously present in monocot species. This finding has great importance, since the eelgrass population stability in natural niche is reported to be associated with Si concentrations in water. In addition, analysis of available RNA-seq data showed evidence of expression in 24 out of the 25 AQPs across four different tissues such as root, vegetative tissue, male flower and female flower. In contrast to land plants, higher expression of PIPs was observed in shoot compared to root tissues. This is likely explained by the unique plant architecture of eelgrass where most of the nutrients and water are absorbed by shoot rather than root tissues. Similarly, higher expression of the TIP1 and TIP5 families was observed specifically in male flowers suggesting a role in pollen maturation. This genome-wide analysis of AQP distribution, evolution and expression dynamics can find relevance in understanding the adaptation of aquatic and land species to their respective environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Shivaraj
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
| | - Javaid A. Bhat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, The Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
| | - Richard R. Bélanger
- Département de Phytologie–Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, QuébecQC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Richard R. Bélanger,
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Yuan D, Li W, Hua Y, King GJ, Xu F, Shi L. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Aquaporin Gene Family and Transcriptional Responses to Boron Deficiency in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1336. [PMID: 28824672 PMCID: PMC5539139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are an abundant protein family and play important roles to facilitate small neutral molecule transport across membranes. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop in China and elsewhere in the world, and is very sensitive to low boron (B) stress. Several AQP family genes have been reported to be involved in B transport across plasma membranes in plants. In this study, a total of 121 full-length AQPs were identified and characterized in B. napus (AC genome), and could be classified into four sub-families, including 43 PIPs (plasma membrane intrinsic proteins), 35 TIPs (tonoplast intrinsic proteins), 32 NIPs (NOD26-like intrinsic proteins), and 11 SIPs (small basic intrinsic proteins). The gene characteristics of BnaAQPs were similar to those of BraAQPs (A genome) and BolAQPs (C genome) including the composition of each sub-family, gene structure, and substrate selectivity filters. The BnaNIP was the most complex AQP sub-family, reflecting the composition of substrate selectivity filter structures which affect the permeation of solution molecules. In this study, the seedlings of both B-efficient (QY10) and B-inefficient (W10) cultivars were treated with two boron (B) levels: deficient (0.25 μM B) and sufficient (25 μM B). The transcription of AQP genes in root (R), juvenile leaf (JL), and old leaf (OL) tissues of both cultivars was investigated under B deficient and sufficient conditions. Transcription of most BnaPIPs and BnaTIPs was significantly increased compared with other BnaAQPs in all the three tissues, especially in the roots, of both B-efficient and B-inefficient cultivars under both B conditions. With B deprivation, the expression of the majority of the BnaPIPs and BnaTIPs was down-regulated in the roots. However, the BnaNIPs were up-regulated. In addition, the BnaCnn_random.PIP1;4b, BnaPIP2;4s, BnaC04.TIP4;1a, BnaAnn_random.TIP1;1b, and BnaNIP5;1s (except for BnaA07.NIP5;1c and BnaC06.NIP5;1c) exhibited obvious differences at low B between B-efficient and B-inefficient cultivars. These results will help us to understand boron homeostasis in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Graham J. King
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross UniversityLismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Shi
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Characterization and differential expression analysis of Toxocara canis aquaporin-1 gene. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3631-6. [PMID: 27215210 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxocara canis is an intestinal nematode of canids with a worldwide distribution, causing an important but neglected parasitic zoonosis in humans. Aquaporins (AQP) are a family of water channel proteins, which function as membrane channels to regulate water homeostasis. In this study, the coding sequence of aquaporin-1 gene of T. canis (Tc-aqp-1) was cloned and characterized. The obtained Tc-aqp-1 coding sequence was 933 bp in length, which predicted to encode 311 amino acids. Two conserved asparagine-proline-alanine (NPA) motifs were identified in the multiple sequence alignments. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the closest relationship between T. canis and Opisthorchis viverrini based on aquaporin-1 amino acid sequence. A structure was predicted with ligand binding sites predicted at H93, N95, N226, L94, I79, and I210 and with active sites predicted at I256 and G207. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations predicted its cellular component term of integral component of plasma membrane (GO: 0005887), molecular function term of channel activity (GO: 0015250), and biological process term of water transport (GO: 0006833). Tissue expression analysis revealed that the Tc-aqp-1 was highly expressed in the intestine of adult male. The findings of the present study provide the basis for further functional studies of T. canis aquaporin-1.
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He F, Zhang H, Tang M. Aquaporin gene expression and physiological responses of Robinia pseudoacacia L. to the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and drought stress. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:311-23. [PMID: 26590998 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and drought stress on aquaporin (AQP) gene expression, water status, and photosynthesis was investigated in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Seedlings were grown in potted soil inoculated without or with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Six full-length AQP complementary DNAs (cDNAs) were isolated from Robinia pseudoacacia, named RpTIP1;1, RpTIP1;3, RpTIP2;1, RpPIP1;1, RpPIP1;3, and RpPIP2;1. A phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences demonstrated that putative proteins coded by these RpAQP genes belong to the water channel protein family. Expression analysis revealed higher RpPIP expression in roots while RpTIP expression was higher in leaves, except for RpTIP1;3. AM symbiosis regulated host plant AQPs, and the expression of RpAQP genes in mycorrhizal plants depended on soil water condition and plant tissue. Positive effects were observed for plant physiological parameters in AM plants, which had higher dry mass and lower water saturation deficit and electrolyte leakage than non-AM plants. Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation also slightly increased leaf net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under well-watered and drought stress conditions. These findings suggest that AM symbiosis can enhance the drought tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia plants by regulating the expression of RpAQP genes, and by improving plant biomass, tissue water status, and leaf photosynthesis in host seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Zou Z, Yang L, Gong J, Mo Y, Wang J, Cao J, An F, Xie G. Genome-Wide Identification of Jatropha curcas Aquaporin Genes and the Comparative Analysis Provides Insights into the Gene Family Expansion and Evolution in Hevea brasiliensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:395. [PMID: 27066041 PMCID: PMC4814485 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel-forming integral membrane proteins that transport water and other small solutes across biological membranes. Despite the vital role of AQPs, to date, little is known in physic nut (Jatropha curcas L., Euphorbiaceae), an important non-edible oilseed crop with great potential for the production of biodiesel. In this study, 32 AQP genes were identified from the physic nut genome and the family number is relatively small in comparison to 51 in another Euphorbiaceae plant, rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the JcAQPs were assigned to five subfamilies, i.e., nine plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), nine tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), eight NOD26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), two X intrinsic proteins (XIPs), and four small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs). Like rubber tree and other plant species, functional prediction based on the aromatic/arginine selectivity filter, Froger's positions, and specificity-determining positions showed a remarkable difference in substrate specificity among subfamilies of JcAQPs. Genome-wide comparative analysis revealed the specific expansion of PIP and TIP subfamilies in rubber tree and the specific gene loss of the XIP subfamily in physic nut. Furthermore, by analyzing deep transcriptome sequencing data, the expression evolution especially the expression divergence of duplicated HbAQP genes was also investigated and discussed. Results obtained from this study not only provide valuable information for future functional analysis and utilization of Jc/HbAQP genes, but also provide a useful reference to survey the gene family expansion and evolution in Euphorbiaceae plants and other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guishui Xie
- Danzhou Investigation and Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesDanzhou, China
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Qu C, Zhao H, Fu F, Wang Z, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Wang X, Wang R, Xu X, Tang Z, Lu K, Li JN. Genome-Wide Survey of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Gene Expression Analysis between Black- and Yellow-Seeded Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1755. [PMID: 27999578 PMCID: PMC5139615 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, the compounds that impart color to fruits, flowers, and seeds, are the most widespread secondary metabolites in plants. However, a systematic analysis of these loci has not been performed in Brassicaceae. In this study, we isolated 649 nucleotide sequences related to flavonoid biosynthesis, i.e., the Transparent Testa (TT) genes, and their associated amino acid sequences in 17 Brassicaceae species, grouped into Arabidopsis or Brassicaceae subgroups. Moreover, 36 copies of 21 genes of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, 53 were identified in Brassica rapa, 50 in Brassica oleracea, and 95 in B. napus, followed the genomic distribution, collinearity analysis and genes triplication of them among Brassicaceae species. The results showed that the extensive gene loss, whole genome triplication, and diploidization that occurred after divergence from the common ancestor. Using qRT-PCR methods, we analyzed the expression of 18 flavonoid biosynthesis genes in 6 yellow- and black-seeded B. napus inbred lines with different genetic background, found that 12 of which were preferentially expressed during seed development, whereas the remaining genes were expressed in all B. napus tissues examined. Moreover, 14 of these genes showed significant differences in expression level during seed development, and all but four of these (i.e., BnTT5, BnTT7, BnTT10, and BnTTG1) had similar expression patterns among the yellow- and black-seeded B. napus. Results showed that the structural genes (BnTT3, BnTT18, and BnBAN), regulatory genes (BnTTG2 and BnTT16) and three encoding transfer proteins (BnTT12, BnTT19, and BnAHA10) might play an crucial roles in the formation of different seed coat colors in B. napus. These data will be helpful for illustrating the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in Brassicaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Food and Bioproduct Science, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Huiyan Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Fuyou Fu
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Zhanglin Tang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Lu
| | - Jia-Na Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Jia-Na Li
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Pommerrenig B, Diehn TA, Bienert GP. Metalloido-porins: Essentiality of Nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins in metalloid transport. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 238:212-27. [PMID: 26259189 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids are a group of physiologically important elements ranging from the essential to the highly toxic. Arsenic, antimony, germanium, and tellurium are highly toxic to plants themselves and to consumers of metalloid-contaminated plants. Boron, silicon, and selenium fulfill essential or beneficial functions in plants. However, when present at high concentrations, boron and selenium cause toxicity symptoms that are detrimental to plant fitness and yield. Consequently, all plants require efficient membrane transport systems to control the uptake and extrusion of metalloids into or out of the plant and their distribution within the plant body. Several Nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs) that belong to the aquaporin plant water channel protein family facilitate the diffusion of uncharged metalloid species. Genetic, physiological, and molecular evidence is that NIPs from primitive to higher plants not only transport all environmentally important metalloids, but that these proteins have a major role in the uptake, translocation, and extrusion of metalloids in plants. As most of the metalloid-permeable NIP aquaporins are impermeable or are poorly permeable to water, these NIP channel proteins should be considered as physiologically essential metalloido-porins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Metalloid Transport Group, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Till Arvid Diehn
- Metalloid Transport Group, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Metalloid Transport Group, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
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Abstract
In this review, we provide a brief synopsis of the evolution and functional diversity of the aquaporin gene superfamily in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Based upon the latest data, we discuss the expanding list of molecules shown to permeate the central pore of aquaporins, and the unexpected diversity of water channel genes in Archaea and Bacteria. We further provide new insight into the origin by horizontal gene transfer of plant glycerol-transporting aquaporins (NIPs), and the functional co-option and gene replacement of insect glycerol transporters. Finally, we discuss the origins of four major grades of aquaporins in Eukaryota, together with the increasing repertoires of aquaporins in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick Nigel Finn
- Department of Biology, Bergen High Technology Centre, University of Bergen, Norway; Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Joan Cerdà
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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