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Zhang H, Wu Y, Zhang H, Sun N, Zhang H, Tian B, Zhang T, Wang K, Nan X, Zhang H. AtMYB72 aggravates photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative damage in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves caused by salt stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2371694. [PMID: 38916149 PMCID: PMC11204036 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2371694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
MYB transcription factor is one of the largest families in plants. There are more and more studies on plants responding to abiotic stress through MYB transcription factors, but the mechanism of some family members responding to salt stress is unclear. In this study, physiological and transcriptome techniques were used to analyze the effects of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor AtMYB72 on the growth and development, physiological function, and key gene response of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phenotypic observation showed that the damage of overexpression strain was more serious than that of Col-0 after salt treatment, while the mutant strain showed less salt injury symptoms. Under salt stress, the decrease of chlorophyll content, the degree of photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) and the degree of oxidative damage of overexpressed lines were significantly higher than those of Col-0. Transcriptome data showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by salt stress in overexpressed lines was significantly higher than that in Col-0. GO enrichment analysis showed that the response of AtMYB72 to salt stress was mainly by affecting gene expression in cell wall ectoplast, photosystem I and photosystem II, and other biological processes related to photosynthesis. Compared with Col-0, the overexpression of AtMYB72 under salt stress further inhibited the synthesis of chlorophyll a (Chla) and down-regulated most of the genes related to photosynthesis, which made the photosynthetic system more sensitive to salt stress. AtMYB72 also caused the outbreak of reactive oxygen species and the accumulation of malondialdehyde under salt stress, which decreased the activity and gene expression of key enzymes in SOD, POD, and AsA-GSH cycle, thus destroying the ability of antioxidant system to maintain redox balance. AtMYB72 negatively regulates the accumulation of osmotic regulatory substances such as soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) in A. thaliana leaves under salt stress, which enhances the sensitivity of Arabidopsis leaves to salt. To sum up, MYB72 negatively regulates the salt tolerance of A. thaliana by destroying the light energy capture, electron transport, and antioxidant capacity of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinuo Wu
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tanhang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Cold-Regions Wetlands Ecology and Environment Research, Harbin University, School of Geography and Tourism, Harbin, China
| | - Huiui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Tong Y, Xue J, Li Q, Zhang L. A generalist regulator: MYB transcription factors regulate the biosynthesis of active compounds in medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4729-4744. [PMID: 38767602 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich in a variety of secondary metabolites with therapeutic value. However, the yields of these metabolites are generally very low, making their extraction both time-consuming and labour-intensive. Transcription factor-targeted secondary metabolic engineering can efficiently regulate the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. v-Myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) transcription factors are involved in regulating various morphological and developmental processes, responses to stress, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. This review discusses the biological functions and transcription regulation mechanisms of MYB transcription factors and summarizes research progress concerning MYB transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of representative active components. In the transcriptional regulatory network, MYB transcription factors regulate multiple synthase genes to mediate the biosynthesis of active compounds. This work will serve as a reference for an in-depth analysis of the MYB transcription factor family in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jianping Xue
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
| | - Qizhang Li
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Li P, Xiang Q, Wang Y, Dong X. UV-B Radiation Enhances Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. Quality by Improving the Leaf Structure and Increasing the Icaritin Content. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1720. [PMID: 38999560 PMCID: PMC11244399 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. is a herbal plant with various therapeutic effects, and its aboveground tissues contain flavonol compounds such as icaritin that can be used to produce new drugs for the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Previous studies have shown that ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm) stress can increase the levels of flavonoid substances in plants. In the current study, we observed the microstructure of E. brevicornu leaves after 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 d of UV-B radiation (60 μw·cm-2) and quality formation mechanism of E. brevicornu leaves after 0, 10, and 20 d of UV-B radiation by LC‒ESI‒MS/MS. The contents of flavonols such as icariside I, wushanicaritin, icaritin, and kumatakenin were significantly upregulated after 10 d of radiation. The results indicated that UV-B radiation for 10 d inhibited the morphological development of E. brevicornu but increased the content of active medicinal components, providing a positive strategy for epimedium quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Sanya Institute of College of China Agricultural University, Sanya 610101, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiuyan Xiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuehui Dong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Qin S, Wei F, Liang Y, Tang D, Lin Q, Miao J, Wei K. Genome-wide analysis of the R2R3-MYB gene family in Spatholobus suberectus and identification of its function in flavonoid biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219019. [PMID: 37670861 PMCID: PMC10476624 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (S. suberectus), a plant species within the Leguminosae family, has a long history of use in traditional medicines. The dried stem of S. suberectus exhibits various pharmacological activities because it contains various flavonoids. Diverse functions in plants are associated with the R2R3-MYB gene family, including the biosynthesis of flavonoids. Nonetheless, its role remains unelucidated in S. suberectus. Therefore, the newly sequenced S. suberectus genome was utilized to conduct a systematic genome-wide analysis of the R2R3-MYB gene family. The resulting data identified 181 R2R3-SsMYB genes in total, which were then categorized by phylogenetic analysis into 35 subgroups. Among the R2R3-SsMYB genes, 174 were mapped to 9 different chromosomes, and 7 genes were not located on any chromosome. Moreover, similarity in terms of exon-intron structures and motifs was exhibited by most genes in the same subgroup. The expansion of the gene family was primarily driven by segmental duplication events, as demonstrated by collinearity analysis. Notably, most of the duplicated genes underwent purifying selection, which was depicted through the Ka/Ks analysis. In this study, 22 R2R3-SsMYB genes were shown to strongly influence the level of flavonoids. The elevated expression level of these genes was depicted in the tissues with flavonoid accumulation in contrast with other tissues through qRT-PCR data. The resulting data elucidate the structural and functional elements of R2R3-SsMYB genes and present genes that could potentially be utilized for enhancing flavonoid biosynthesis in S. suberectus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Qin
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Wei
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Liang
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Danfeng Tang
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Quan Lin
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Jianhua Miao
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Kunhua Wei
- National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
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Jiang L, Gao Y, Han L, Zhang W, Fan P. Designing plant flavonoids: harnessing transcriptional regulation and enzyme variation to enhance yield and diversity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1220062. [PMID: 37575923 PMCID: PMC10420081 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a powerful and promising approach to enhance the production of value-added metabolites in plants. Flavonoids, a class of plant secondary metabolites, offer numerous health benefits and have attracted attention for their potential use in plant-based products. However, achieving high yields of specific flavonoids remains challenging due to the complex and diverse metabolic pathways involved in their biosynthesis. In recent years, synthetic biology approaches leveraging transcription factors and enzyme diversity have demonstrated promise in enhancing flavonoid yields and expanding their production repertoire. This review delves into the latest research progress in flavonoid metabolic engineering, encompassing the identification and manipulation of transcription factors and enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, as well as the deployment of synthetic biology tools for designing metabolic pathways. This review underscores the importance of employing carefully-selected transcription factors to boost plant flavonoid production and harnessing enzyme promiscuity to broaden flavonoid diversity or streamline the biosynthetic steps required for effective metabolic engineering. By harnessing the power of synthetic biology and a deeper understanding of flavonoid biosynthesis, future researchers can potentially transform the landscape of plant-based product development across the food and beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, ultimately benefiting consumers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jiang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leiqin Han
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengxiang Fan
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao Y, Liu G, Yang F, Liang Y, Gao Q, Xiang C, Li X, Yang R, Zhang G, Jiang H, Yu L, Yang S. Multilayered regulation of secondary metabolism in medicinal plants. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2023; 3:11. [PMID: 37789448 PMCID: PMC10514987 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants represent a huge reservoir of secondary metabolites (SMs), substances with significant pharmaceutical and industrial potential. However, obtaining secondary metabolites remains a challenge due to their low-yield accumulation in medicinal plants; moreover, these secondary metabolites are produced through tightly coordinated pathways involving many spatiotemporally and environmentally regulated steps. The first regulatory layer involves a complex network of transcription factors; a second, more recently discovered layer of complexity in the regulation of SMs is epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and small RNA-based mechanisms, which can jointly or separately influence secondary metabolites by regulating gene expression. Here, we summarize the findings in the fields of genetic and epigenetic regulation with a special emphasis on SMs in medicinal plants, providing a new perspective on the multiple layers of regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanli Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chunfan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Run Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Agronomy, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China.
| | - Shengchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China.
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Thapa R, Tabien RE, Johnson CD, Septiningsih EM. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of germinating rice seedlings to individual and combined anaerobic and cold stress. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:185. [PMID: 37024819 PMCID: PMC10080786 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is one of the most important cereals consumed worldwide. Two major abiotic factors affecting rice plants in different growth stages are flooding stress and cold stress. These abiotic stresses can take place independently or simultaneously and significantly affect rice plants during germination and seedling growth. Fortunately, a wide array of phenotypic responses conferring flooding stress and chilling stress tolerance exist within the rice germplasm, indicating the presence of different molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance to these stresses. Understanding these differences may assist in developing improved rice cultivars having higher tolerance to both stresses. In this study, we conducted a comparative global gene expression analysis of two rice genotypes with contrasting phenotypes under cold stress, anaerobic stress, and combined cold and anaerobic stress during germination. RESULTS The differential gene expression analysis revealed that 5571 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 7206 DEGs, and 13279 DEGs were identified under anaerobic stress, cold stress, and combined stress, respectively. Genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolic process, glucosyltransferase activity, regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process, protein metabolic process, lipid metabolic process, cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process, lipid biosynthetic process, and a microtubule-based process were enriched across all stresses. Notably, the common Gene Ontology (GO) analysis identified three hub genes, namely Os08g0176800 (similar to mRNA-associated protein mrnp 41), Os11g0454200 (dehydrin), and OS10g0505900 (expressed protein). CONCLUSION A large number of differentially expressed genes were identified under anaerobic, cold conditions during germination and the combination of the two stress conditions in rice. These results will assist in the identification of promising candidate genes for possible manipulation toward rice crops that are more tolerant under flooding and cold during germination, both independently and concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjita Thapa
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Present address: Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Charles D Johnson
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Endang M Septiningsih
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Systematic Analysis and Functional Characterization of R2R3-MYB Genes in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169342. [PMID: 36012606 PMCID: PMC9408826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
R2R3-MYB transcription factors participate in multiple critical biological processes, particularly as relates to the regulation of secondary metabolites. The dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a traditional Chinese medicine and possesses various bioactive attributes including anti-inflammation, anti-HIV, and anti-COVID-19 properties due to its flavonoids. In the current study, a total of 95 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in S. baicalensis and classified into 34 subgroups, as supported by similar exon–intron structures and conserved motifs. Among them, 93 R2R3-SbMYBs were mapped onto nine chromosomes. Collinear analysis revealed that segmental duplications were primarily responsible for driving the evolution and expansion of the R2R3-SbMYB gene family. Synteny analyses showed that the ortholog numbers of the R2R3-MYB genes between S. baicalensis and other dicotyledons had a higher proportion compared to that which is found from the monocotyledons. RNA-seq data indicated that the expression patterns of R2R3-SbMYBs in different tissues were different. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that 36 R2R3-SbMYBs from different subgroups exhibited specific expression profiles under various conditions, including hormone stimuli treatments (methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid) and abiotic stresses (drought and cold shock treatments). Further investigation revealed that SbMYB18/32/46/60/70/74 localized in the nucleus, and SbMYB18/32/60/70 possessed transcriptional activation activity, implying their potential roles in the regulatory mechanisms of various biological processes. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the R2R3-SbMYBs gene family and lays the foundation for further investigation of their biological function.
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Li J, Wu K, Li L, Ma G, Fang L, Zeng S. AcMYB1 Interacts With AcbHLH1 to Regulate Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Aglaonema commutatum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:886313. [PMID: 35928704 PMCID: PMC9344012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.886313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aglaonema commutatum is one of the most popular foliage plants with abundant leaf phenotypes; therefore, anthocyanin coloration is a vital economic trait in A. commutatum. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis and its regulation remain unclear. In this study, AcMYB1 and AcbHLH1, transcription factor genes related to an R2R3-myeloblast (MYB) and a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), respectively, were isolated from A. commutatum "Red Valentine" and functionally characterized. AcMYB1 and AcbHLH1 were found to interact by Y2H and BiFC assay. AcMYB1 was grouped into the AN2 subgroup and shared high homology with the known regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Gene expression analysis showed that both AcMYB1 and AcbHLH1 have similar expression patterns to anthocyanin structural genes and correlate with anthocyanin distribution in different tissues of A. commutatum. Light strongly promoted anthocyanin accumulation by upregulating the expression of anthocyanin-related genes in A. commutatum leaves. Ectopic expression of AcMYB1 in tobacco remarkably increased anthocyanin accumulation in both vegetative and reproductive tissues at various developmental stages. These results provide insights into the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in A. commutatum and are useful for breeding new A. commutatum cultivars with enhanced ornamental value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlin Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Ma
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songjun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang L, Yan L, Zhang C, Kong X, Zheng Y, Dong L. Glucose Supply Induces PsMYB2-Mediated Anthocyanin Accumulation in Paeonia suffruticosa 'Tai Yang' Cut Flower. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:874526. [PMID: 35774824 PMCID: PMC9237572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.874526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) is a well-known Chinese ornamental plant with showy flower color. However, the color fading problem during vase time seriously blocks its development in the cut flower market. In this study, we found that exogenous glucose supply improved the color quality of P. suffruticosa 'Tai Yang' cut flowers with increased total soluble sugar and anthocyanin contents of petals. Besides, the promotion effect of glucose was better than the osmotic control of 3-O-methylglucose (3OMG) treatment and the glucose analog mannose treatment. The structural genes, including PsF3H, PsF3'H, PsDFR, PsAOMT, and PsUF5GT, were remarkably upregulated under glucose treatment. Meanwhile, the regulatory genes, including PsbHLH1, PsbHLH3, PsMYB2, PsWD40-1, and PsWD40-2, also showed a strong response to glucose treatment. Among these five regulatory genes, PsMYB2 showed less response to 3OMG treatment but was highly expressed under glucose and mannose treatments, indicating that PsMYB2 may have an important role in the glucose signal pathway. Ectopic overexpression of PsMYB2 in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in a strong pigmentation in petals and stamens of tobacco flowers accompanied with multiple anthocyanin biosynthetic genes upregulated. More importantly, the overexpression of PsMYB2 enhanced the ability of glucose-induced anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings since PsMYB2-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed higher expression levels of AtPAL1, AtCHS, AtF3H, AtF3'H, AtDFR, and AtLDOX than those of wild type under glucose treatment. In summary, we suggested that glucose supply promoted petal coloration of P. suffruticosa 'Tai Yang' cut flower through the signal pathway, and PsMYB2 was a key component in this process. Our research made a further understanding of the mechanism that glucose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis of P. suffruticosa cut flowers during postharvest development, laying a foundation for color retention technology development of cut flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Ningxia State Farm, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Awan SA, Khan I, Tariq R, Rizwan M, Wang X, Zhang X, Huang L. Genome-Wide Expression and Physiological Profiling of Pearl Millet Genotype Reveal the Biological Pathways and Various Gene Clusters Underlying Salt Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849618. [PMID: 35419021 PMCID: PMC8996197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a vital staple food and an important cereal crop used as food, feed, and forage. It can withstand heat and drought due to the presence of some unique genes; however, the mechanism of salt stress has been missing in pearl millet until now. Therefore, we conducted a comparative transcriptome profiling to reveal the differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) associated with salt stress in pearl millet at different time points, such as 1, 3, and 7 h, of salt treatment. The physiological results suggested that salt stress significantly increased proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in pearl millet at 1, 3, and 7 h of salt treatment. In addition, pearl millet plants regulated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase to lessen the impact of salinity. The transcriptomic results depicted that salt stress upregulated and downregulated the expression of various transcripts involved in different metabolic functions. At 1 and 7 h of salt treatment, most of the transcripts were highly upregulated as compared to the 3 h treatment. Moreover, among commonly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and peroxisome pathway were significantly enriched. The DETs related to hormone signaling (auxins, ethylene, gibberellin, and abscisic acid), kinases, protein modifications, and degradation were also identified, depicting the possible role of hormones and kinases to enhance plant tolerance against salt stress. Furthermore, the transcription factors, such as ethylene-responsive element binding factors (ERF), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), HMG box-containing protein (HBP), MADS, myeloblastosis (MYB), and WRKY, were predicted to significantly regulate different transcripts involved in salt stress responses at three different time points. Overall, this study will provide new insights to better understand the salt stress regulation mechanisms in pearl millet to improve its resistance against salinity and to identify new transcripts that control these mechanisms in other cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rezwan Tariq
- Department of Plant Protection, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoshan Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Linkai Huang,
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12
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Wang M, Qiu X, Pan X, Li C. Transcriptional Factor-Mediated Regulation of Active Component Biosynthesis in Medicinal Plants. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:848-866. [PMID: 32568019 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200622121809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plants produce thousands of chemically diverse secondary metabolites, many of which have valuable pharmaceutical properties. There is much interest in the synthesis of these pharmaceuticallyvaluable compounds, including the key enzymes and the transcription factors involved. The function and regulatory mechanism of transcription factors in biotic and abiotic stresses have been studied in depth. However, their regulatory roles in the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds, especially in medicinal plants, have only begun. Here, we review what is currently known about how transcription factors contribute to the synthesis of bioactive compounds (alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids) in medicinal plants. Recent progress has been made in the cloning and characterization of transcription factors in medicinal plants on the genome scale. So far, several large transcription factors have been identified in MYB, WRKY, bHLH, ZIP, AP2/ERF transcription factors. These transcription factors have been predicted to regulate bioactive compound production. These transcription factors positively or negatively regulate the expression of multiple genes encoding key enzymes, and thereby control the metabolic flow through the biosynthetic pathway. Although the research addressing this niche topic is in its infancy, significant progress has been made, and advances in high-throughput sequencing technology are expected to accelerate the discovery of key regulatory transcription factors in medicinal plants. This review is likely to be useful for those interested in the synthesis of pharmaceutically- valuable plant compounds, especially those aiming to breed or engineer plants that produce greater yields of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qiu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xian Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Caili Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Falak N, Imran QM, Hussain A, Yun BW. Transcription Factors as the "Blitzkrieg" of Plant Defense: A Pragmatic View of Nitric Oxide's Role in Gene Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E522. [PMID: 33430258 PMCID: PMC7825681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are in continuous conflict with the environmental constraints and their sessile nature demands a fine-tuned, well-designed defense mechanism that can cope with a multitude of biotic and abiotic assaults. Therefore, plants have developed innate immunity, R-gene-mediated resistance, and systemic acquired resistance to ensure their survival. Transcription factors (TFs) are among the most important genetic components for the regulation of gene expression and several other biological processes. They bind to specific sequences in the DNA called transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that are present in the regulatory regions of genes. Depending on the environmental conditions, TFs can either enhance or suppress transcriptional processes. In the last couple of decades, nitric oxide (NO) emerged as a crucial molecule for signaling and regulating biological processes. Here, we have overviewed the plant defense system, the role of TFs in mediating the defense response, and that how NO can manipulate transcriptional changes including direct post-translational modifications of TFs. We also propose that NO might regulate gene expression by regulating the recruitment of RNA polymerase during transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Falak
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
| | - Qari Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umea University, 90187 Umea, Sweden
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
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14
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Qi Y, Gu C, Wang X, Gao S, Li C, Zhao C, Li C, Ma C, Zhang Q. Identification of the Eutrema salsugineum EsMYB90 gene important for anthocyanin biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:186. [PMID: 32345216 PMCID: PMC7189703 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins contribute to coloration and antioxidation effects in different plant tissues. MYB transcription factors have been demonstrated to be a key regulator for anthocyanin synthesis in many plants. However, little information was available about the MYB genes in the halophyte species Eutrema salsugineum. RESULT Here we report the identification of an important anthocyanin biosynthesis regulator EsMYB90 from Eutrema salsugineum, which is a halophyte tolerant to multiple abiotic stresses. Our phylogenetic and localization analyses supported that EsMYB90 is an R2R3 type of MYB transcription factor. Ectopic expression of EsMYB90 in tobacco and Arabidopsis enhanced pigmentation and anthocyanin accumulation in various organs. The transcriptome analysis revealed that 42 genes upregulated by EsMYB90 in 35S:EsMYB90 tobacco transgenic plants are required for anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, our qRT-PCR results showed that EsMYB90 promoted expression of early (PAL, CHS, and CHI) and late (DFR, ANS, and UFGT) anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in stems, leaves, and flowers of 35S:EsMYB90 tobacco transgenic plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that EsMYB90 is a MYB transcription factor, which regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis genes to control anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our work provides a new tool to enhance anthocyanin production in various plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Caihong Gu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xingjun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shiqing Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Hybrid Wheat, The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Changsheng Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chuanshun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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15
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Qi Y, Gu C, Wang X, Gao S, Li C, Zhao C, Li C, Ma C, Zhang Q. Identification of the Eutrema salsugineum EsMYB90 gene important for anthocyanin biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:186. [PMID: 32345216 DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.18301/v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins contribute to coloration and antioxidation effects in different plant tissues. MYB transcription factors have been demonstrated to be a key regulator for anthocyanin synthesis in many plants. However, little information was available about the MYB genes in the halophyte species Eutrema salsugineum. RESULT Here we report the identification of an important anthocyanin biosynthesis regulator EsMYB90 from Eutrema salsugineum, which is a halophyte tolerant to multiple abiotic stresses. Our phylogenetic and localization analyses supported that EsMYB90 is an R2R3 type of MYB transcription factor. Ectopic expression of EsMYB90 in tobacco and Arabidopsis enhanced pigmentation and anthocyanin accumulation in various organs. The transcriptome analysis revealed that 42 genes upregulated by EsMYB90 in 35S:EsMYB90 tobacco transgenic plants are required for anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, our qRT-PCR results showed that EsMYB90 promoted expression of early (PAL, CHS, and CHI) and late (DFR, ANS, and UFGT) anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in stems, leaves, and flowers of 35S:EsMYB90 tobacco transgenic plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that EsMYB90 is a MYB transcription factor, which regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis genes to control anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our work provides a new tool to enhance anthocyanin production in various plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Caihong Gu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xingjun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shiqing Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Hybrid Wheat, The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Changsheng Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chuanshun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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16
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Qin Z, Liao D, Chen Y, Zhang C, An R, Zeng Q, Li X. A Widely Metabolomic Analysis Revealed Metabolic Alterations of Epimedium Pubescens Leaves at Different Growth Stages. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010137. [PMID: 31905759 PMCID: PMC6982732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epimedium folium is the major medicinally-used organ of Epimedium species and its metabolic changes during the leaf growth have not been studied at the metabolomic level. E. pubescens is one of five recorded species in the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China and widely grows in China. A UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomic analysis was implemented to explore the metabolite composition in E. pubescens leaves under the cultivation condition and further to investigate their temporal variations among four representative growth stages. A total of 403 metabolites, including 32 hitherto known in Epimedium species, were identified in E. pubescens leaf, of which 302 metabolites showed the growth/development-dependent alterations. Flavonoid-type compounds were the major composition of the metabolites identified in this study. Most flavonoids, together with tannin-type and lignans and coumarin-type compounds, were up-regulated with E. pubescens leaf growth and maturation after the full flowering stage. Our results not only greatly enriched the existing Epimedium phytochemical composition database and also, for the first time, provided the metabolomics-wide information on metabolic changes during E. pubescens leaf growth and development, which would facilitate in the choice of an optimum harvest time to balance a higher biomass yield of Epimedium folium with its better medicinal quality.
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17
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Tang Y, Bao X, Zhi Y, Wu Q, Guo Y, Yin X, Zeng L, Li J, Zhang J, He W, Liu W, Wang Q, Jia C, Li Z, Liu K. Overexpression of a MYB Family Gene, OsMYB6, Increases Drought and Salinity Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:168. [PMID: 30833955 PMCID: PMC6387972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors have been demonstrated to play key regulatory roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress response. However, knowledge concerning the involvement of rice MYB genes in salinity and drought stress resistance are largely unknown. In the present study, we cloned and characterized the OsMYB6 gene, which was induced by drought and salinity stress. Subcellular localization of OsMYB6-YFP fusion protein in protoplast cells indicated that OsMYB6 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of OsMYB6 in rice did not suggest a negative effect on the growth and development of transgenic plants, but OsMYB6-overexpressing plants showed increased tolerance to drought and salt stress compared with wild-type plants, as are evaluated by higher proline content, higher CAT and SOD activities, lower REL and MDA content in transgenic plants under drought and salt stress conditions. In addition, the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes were significantly higher in OsMYB6 transgenic plants than that in wild-type plants under drought and salt stress conditions. These results indicate that OsMYB6 gene functions as a stress-responsive transcription factor which plays a positive regulatory role in response to drought and salt stress resistance, and may be used as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of salt-tolerant and drought-tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding and Bioreactor, Zhoukou, China
| | - Xinxin Bao
- School of Journalism and Communication, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yuling Zhi
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yaru Guo
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Xuhui Yin
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Liqin Zeng
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wenlong He
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Weihao Liu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Chengkai Jia
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Zhengkang Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding and Bioreactor, Zhoukou, China
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18
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Feng K, Liu JX, Duan AQ, Li T, Yang QQ, Xu ZS, Xiong AS. AgMYB2 transcription factor is involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple celery (Apium graveolens L.). PLANTA 2018; 248:1249-1261. [PMID: 30099650 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study showed that an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, AgMYB2, functions in anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in purple celery. Anthocyanins are involved in tissue coloration and stress response in plants. Foods containing high anthocyanin content are also beneficial to human health. Purple celery accumulated amounts of anthocyanins in the petioles. The biosynthesis of anthocyanin in plants is mainly regulated by the R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF). However, the R2R3-MYB TF that controls anthocyanin accumulation in purple celery remains unclear. In this study, an R2R3-MYB TF gene, AgMYB2, was cloned from purple celery and characterized as anthocyanin biosynthetic regulator. Sequence analysis indicated that AgMYB2 contained highly conserved R2R3 domain and two anthocyanin characteristic motifs, ANDV motif and KPRPR[S/T]F motif. The relative expression level of AgMYB2 in purple celery was significantly higher than that in non-purple celery at three developmental stages. Heterologous expression of AgMYB2 in Arabidopsis generated more anthocyanins and resulted in dark-purple leaves and flowers. The expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and the antioxidant activity of transgenic Arabidopsis carrying AgMYB2 were up-regulated. The determination of anthocyanin glycosylation activity of Arabidopsis crude enzyme verified the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory function of AgMYB2 at the protein level. The interaction between AgMYB2 and bHLH proteins was shown by yeast two-hybrid assay. The results will help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple celery and provide an approach for cultivating plants with high anthocyanin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ao-Qi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qing-Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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19
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Feng K, Xu ZS, Que F, Liu JX, Wang F, Xiong AS. An R2R3-MYB transcription factor, OjMYB1, functions in anthocyanin biosynthesis in Oenanthe javanica. PLANTA 2018; 247:301-315. [PMID: 28965159 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study showed that an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, OjMYB1, is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in Oenanthe javanica. Anthocyanins can be used as safe natural food colorants, obtained from many plants. R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in anthocyanins biosynthesis during plant development. Oenanthe javanica is a popular vegetable with high nutritional values and numerous medical functions. O. javanica has purple petioles that are mainly due to anthocyanins accumulation. In the present study, the gene encoding an R2R3-MYB TF, OjMYB1, was isolated from purple O. javanica. Sequencing results showed that OjMYB1 contained a 912-bp open reading frame encoding 303 amino acids. Sequence alignments revealed that OjMYB1 contained bHLH-interaction motif ([DE]Lx2[RK]x3Lx6Lx3R) and ANDV motif ([A/G]NDV). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the OjMYB1 classified into the anthocyanins biosynthesis clade. Subcellular localization assay showed that OjMYB1 was a nuclear protein in vivo. The heterologous expression of OjMYB1 in Arabidopsis could enhance the anthocyanins content and up-regulate the expression levels of the structural genes-related anthocyanins biosynthesis. Yeast two-hybrid assay indicated that OjMYB1 could interact with AtTT8 and AtEGL3 proteins. Enzymatic analysis revealed that overexpression of OjMYB1 gene up-regulated the enzyme activity of 3-O-glycosyltransferase encoded by AtUGT78D2 in transgenic Arabidopsis. Our results provided a comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of OjMYB1 TF in O. javanica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Que
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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20
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Li Y, Shan X, Zhou L, Gao R, Yang S, Wang S, Wang L, Gao X. The R2R3-MYB Factor FhMYB5 From Freesia hybrida Contributes to the Regulation of Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1935. [PMID: 30666265 PMCID: PMC6330306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The flavonoids are important and nourishing compounds for plants and human. The transcription regulation of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin (PA) biosynthesis was extensively studied in dicot compared with monocot plants. In this study, we characterized the functionality of an R2R3-MYB gene FhMYB5 from the monocotyledonous flowering plant of Iridaceae, Freesia hybrida. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis implied that FhMYB5 was clustered into grapevine VvMYB5b subclade. Correlation analysis indicated that the spatio-temporal expression patterns of FhMYB5 coincided well with anthocyanin and PA accumulations in Freesia per se. Furthermore, transient transfection assays in Freesia protoplasts revealed that the late flavonoid biosynthetic genes (e.g., DFR and LDOX) were slightly up-regulated by FhMYB5 alone, whereas both early and late biosynthetic genes were significantly activated when FhMYB5 were co-infected with either of the two IIIf clade bHLH genes, FhTT8L and FhGL3L. Moreover, these results were further confirmed by co-transfection of FhMYB5 with either of the bHLH genes aforementioned into protoplasts expressing GUS reporter gene driven by Freesia promoters. In addition, the overexpression of FhMYB5 in tobacco and Arabidopsis could also significantly up-regulate the expression of genes participating in the general flavonoid pathway. In conclusion, FhMYB5 was proved to function in the general flavonoid pathway in Freesia. The results implied a function conservation of flavonoid biosynthesis related MYB regulators in angiosperm plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Liudi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang, Xiang Gao,
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast, Normal University, Changchun, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang, Xiang Gao,
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Tian J, Chen MC, Zhang J, Li KT, Song TT, Zhang X, Yao YC. Characteristics of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene promoters from different leaf colored Malus crabapple cultivars. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2017; 4:17070. [PMID: 29263792 PMCID: PMC5727492 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2017.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites in land plants that contribute to the colors of leaves and flowers, and are nutritionally valuable components of the human diet. The DFR gene plays an important role in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we investigated the regulation of DFR expression and in different Malus crabapple cultivars that show distinct patterns of leaf coloration, and how it influences leaf anthocyanin accumulation and coloration. Specifically, we studied the ever-red leaved cultivar 'Royalty', the ever-green leaved cultivar 'Flame' and the spring-red leaved cultivar 'Radiant'. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of McDFR1 correlated with the expression of a MYB transcription factor, McMYB10, and with anthocyanin accumulation. We isolated five McDFR1 promoter fragments from the three cultivars and identified four different fragments (F1-4) that were present either in several cultivars, or only in one. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses showed that McMYB10 could bind to all the McDFR1 promoters, except McDFR1-Ra2. The F1, F2 and F3 fragments did not affect McMYB10 binding to the McDFR1 promoters; however, we found evidence that the F4 fragment suppressed binding, and that the MYBGAHV amino-acid sequence maybe an important cis-element for McMYB10 protein binding. This information has potential value for strategies to modify plant color through genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Tian
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Meng-chen Chen
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ke-ting Li
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ting-ting Song
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yun-cong Yao
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
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