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Wang T, Chen Q, Guo Y, Gao W, Zhang H, Li D, Geng S, Wang Y, Zhao J, Fu J, Long Y, Liu P, Qu Y, Chen Q. The Drought Tolerance Function and Tanscriptional Regulation of GhAPX7 in Gossypium hirsutum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2032. [PMID: 39124150 PMCID: PMC11313853 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress significantly affects the growth, development, and yield of cotton, triggering the response of multiple genes. Among them, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is one of the important antioxidant enzymes in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in plants, and APX enhances the ability of plants to resist oxidation, thus increasing plant stress tolerance. Therefore, enhancing the activity of APX in cells is crucial to improving plant stress resistance. Previous studies have isolated differentially expressed proteins under drought stress (GhAPX7) in drought-resistant (KK1543) and drought-sensitive (XLZ26) plants. Thus, this study analyzed the expression patterns of GhAPX7 in different cotton tissues to verify the drought resistance function of GhAPX7 and explore its regulatory pathways. GhAPX7 had the highest expression in cotton leaves, which significantly increased under drought stress, suggesting that GhAPX7 is essential for improving antioxidant capacity and enzyme activities in cotton. GhAPX7 silencing indirectly affects pronounced leaf yellowing and wilting in drought-resistant and drought-sensitive plants under drought stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly increased and chlorophyll and proline content and APX enzyme activity were generally decreased in silenced plants compared to the control. This result indicates that GhAPX7 may improve drought resistance by influencing the contents of MDA, chlorophyll, proline, and APX enzyme activity through increased expression levels. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the drought-related differentially expressed genes between the control and treated groups enriched plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, and plant-pathogen interaction pathways. Therefore, the decreased expression of GhAPX7 significantly affects the expression levels of genes in these three pathways, reducing drought resistance in plants. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of GhAPX7 and its role in drought resistance and lays a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanisms of response to drought stress in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanying Qu
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China; (T.W.); (Q.C.); (Y.G.); (W.G.); (H.Z.); (D.L.); (S.G.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (J.F.); (Y.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Qin Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi 830052, China; (T.W.); (Q.C.); (Y.G.); (W.G.); (H.Z.); (D.L.); (S.G.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (J.F.); (Y.L.); (P.L.)
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2
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Liu YH, Zou ZH, Zhang MM, Guan ZJ, Du LD, Hu DG, Zheng CS, Sun CH. The A subunit of vacuolar H +-ATPase gene (CmVHA-A) plays opposite roles in plant growth and drought tolerance of chrysanthemum under different growing conditions. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112105. [PMID: 38663481 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
As the most prominent proton pumps in plants, vacuolar H+-ATPases (VHAs) comprise multiple subunits that are important for physiological processes and stress tolerance in plants. However, few studies on the roles of subunit genes of VHAs in chrysanthemum have been reported to date. In this study, the gene of A subunit of V-ATPase in chrysanthemum (CmVHA-A) was cloned and identified. CmVHA-A was conserved with VHA-A proteins from other plants. Expression analysis showed that CmVHA-A was highly expressed in most tissues of chrysanthemum except for the flower bud, and was readily induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. Functional analysis demonstrated that CmVHA-A exerted a negative influence on the growth and development of shoot and root of chrysanthemum under normal conditions. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed the possible explanations for phenotypic differences between transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants. Under drought conditions, CmVHA-A positively affected the drought tolerance of chrysanthemum by enhancing antioxidase activity and alleviating photosynthetic disruption. Overall, CmVHA-A plays opposite roles in plant growth and drought tolerance of chrysanthemums under different growing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Liu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhen-Hao Zou
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Man-Man Zhang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhang-Ji Guan
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lian-Da Du
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Cheng-Shu Zheng
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Cui-Hui Sun
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China.
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Tisarum R, Theerawitaya C, Praseartkul P, Chungloo D, Ullah H, Himanshu SK, Datta A, Cha-Um S. Screening cotton genotypes for their drought tolerance ability based on the expression level of dehydration-responsive element-binding protein and proline biosynthesis-related genes and morpho-physio-biochemical responses. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:783-798. [PMID: 38376598 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress adversely affects growth, development, productivity, and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L). Breeding strategies to enhance drought tolerance require an improved knowledge of plant drought responses necessitating proper identification of drought-tolerant genotypes of crops, including cotton. The objective of this study was to classify the selected cotton genotypes for their drought tolerance ability based on morpho-physio-biochemical traits using Hierarchical Ward's cluster analysis. Five genotypes of cotton (Takfa 3, Takfa 6, Takfa 7, Takfa 84-4, and Takfa 86-5) were selected as plant materials, and were grown under well-watered (WW; 98 ± 2% field capacity) and water-deficit (WD; 50 ± 2% field capacity) conditions for 16 days during the flower initiation stage. Data on morpho-physio-biochemical parameters and gene expression levels for these parameters were collected, and subsequently genotypes were classified either as a drought tolerant or drought susceptible one. Upregulation of GhPRP (proline-rich protein), GhP5CS (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase), and GhP5CR (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase) in relation to free proline enrichment was observed in Takfa 3 genotype under WD condition. An accumulation of free proline, total soluble sugar, and potassium in plants under WD conditions was detected, which played a key role as major osmolytes controlling cellular osmotic potential. Magnesium and calcium concentrations were also enriched in leaves under WD conditions, functioning as essential elements and regulating photosynthetic abilities. Leaf greenness, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were also declined under WD conditions, leading to growth retardation, especially aboveground traits of Takfa 6, Takfa 7, Takfa 84-4, and Takfa 86-5 genotypes. An increase in leaf temperature (1.1 - 4.0 °C) and crop water stress index (CWSI > 0.75) in relation to stomatal closure and reduced transpiration rate was recorded in cotton genotypes under WD conditions compared with WW conditions. Based on the increase of free proline, soluble sugar, leaf temperature, and CWSI, as well as the decrease of aboveground growth traits and physiological attributes, five genotypes were categorized into two cluster groups: drought tolerant (Takfa 3) and drought susceptible (Takfa 6, Takfa 7, Takfa 84-4, and Takfa 86-5). The identified drought-tolerant cotton genotype, namely, Takfa 3, may be grown in areas experiencing drought conditions. It is recommended to further validate the yield traits of Takfa 3 under rainfed field conditions in drought-prone environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Cattarin Theerawitaya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Patchara Praseartkul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Daonapa Chungloo
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sushil Kumar Himanshu
- Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Avishek Datta
- Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Suriyan Cha-Um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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Khan AL. Silicon: A valuable soil element for improving plant growth and CO 2 sequestration. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00217-0. [PMID: 38806098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon (Si), the second most abundant and quasi-essential soil element, is locked as a recalcitrant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust. The physical abundance of silicates can play an essential role in increasing plant productivity. Plants store Si as biogenic silica (phytoliths), which is mobilized through a chemical weathering process in the soil. AIM OF REVIEW Although Si is a critical element for plant growth, there is still a considerable need to understand its dissolution, uptake, and translocation in agroecosystems. Here, we show recent progress in understanding the interactome of Si, CO2, the microbiome, and soil chemistry, which can sustainably govern silicate dissolution and cycling in agriculture. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THIS REVIEW Si cycling is directly related to carbon cycling, and the resulting climate stability can be enhanced by negative feedback between atmospheric CO2 and the silicate uptake process. Improved Si mobilization in the rhizosphere by the presence of reactive elements (for example, Ca, Na, Al, Zn, and Fe) and Si uptake through genetic transporters in plants are crucial to achieving the dual objectives of (i) enhancing crop productivity and (ii) abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, the microbiome is a symbiotic partner of plants. Bacterial and fungal microbiomes can solubilize silicate minerals through intriguingly complex bioweathering mechanisms by producing beneficial metabolites and enzymes. However, the interaction of Si with CO2 and the microbiome's function in mobilization have been understudied. This review shows that enhancing our understanding of Si, CO2, the microbiome, and soil chemistry can help in sustainable crop production during climatic stress events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston TX, USA.
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Tian Y, Fang Y, Zhang K, Zhai Z, Yang Y, He M, Cao X. Applications of Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Cotton. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:272. [PMID: 38256825 PMCID: PMC10819639 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an RNA-mediated reverse genetics technique that has become an effective tool to investigate gene function in plants. Cotton is one of the most important economic crops globally. In the past decade, VIGS has been successfully applied in cotton functional genomic studies, including those examining abiotic and biotic stress responses and vegetative and reproductive development. This article summarizes the traditional vectors used in the cotton VIGS system, the visible markers used for endogenous gene silencing, the applications of VIGS in cotton functional genomics, and the limitations of VIGS and how they can be addressed in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yao Fang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Zeyang Zhai
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Meiyu He
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Xu Cao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; (Y.T.); (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (M.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Areas, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
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Karami S, Shiran B, Ravash R, Fallahi H. A comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic data for comparison of plants with different photosynthetic pathways in response to drought stress. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287761. [PMID: 37368898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The main factor leading to a decrease in crop productivity is abiotic stresses, particularly drought. Plants with C4 and CAM photosynthesis are better adapted to drought-prone areas than C3 plants. Therefore, it is beneficial to compare the stress response of plants with different photosynthetic pathways. Since most crops are C3 and C4 plants, this study focused on conducting an RNA-seq meta-analysis to investigate and compare how C3 and C4 plants respond to drought stress at the gene expression level in their leaves. Additionally, the accuracy of the meta-analysis results was confirmed with RT-qPCR. Based on the functional enrichment and network analysis, hub genes related to ribosomal proteins and photosynthesis were found to play a potential role in stress response. Moreover, our findings suggest that the low abundant amino acid degradation pathway, possibly through providing ATP source for the TCA cycle, in both groups of plants and the activation of the OPPP pathway in C4 plants, through providing the electron source required by this plant, can help to improve drought stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Karami
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Behrouz Shiran
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rudabeh Ravash
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Komatsu S, Hamada K, Furuya T, Nishiuchi T, Tani M. Membrane Proteomics to Understand Enhancement Effects of Millimeter-Wave Irradiation on Wheat Root under Flooding Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109014. [PMID: 37240359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Millimeter-wave irradiation of wheat seeds enhances the growth of roots under flooding stress, but its mechanism is not clearly understood. To understand the role of millimeter-wave irradiation on root-growth enhancement, membrane proteomics was performed. Membrane fractions purified from wheat roots were evaluated for purity. H+-ATPase and calnexin, which are protein markers for membrane-purification efficiency, were enriched in a membrane fraction. A principal-component analysis of the proteomic results indicated that the millimeter-wave irradiation of seeds affects membrane proteins in grown roots. Proteins identified using proteomic analysis were confirmed using immunoblot or polymerase chain reaction analyses. The abundance of cellulose synthetase, which is a plasma-membrane protein, decreased under flooding stress; however, it increased with millimeter-wave irradiation. On the other hand, the abundance of calnexin and V-ATPase, which are proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and vacuolar, increased under flooding stress; however, it decreased with millimeter-wave irradiation. Furthermore, NADH dehydrogenase, which is found in mitochondria membranes, was upregulated due to flooding stress but downregulated following millimeter-wave irradiation even under flooding stress. The ATP content showed a similar trend toward change in NADH dehydrogenase expression. These results suggest that millimeter-wave irradiation improves the root growth of wheat via the transitions of proteins in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuolar, and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuna Hamada
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Furuya
- Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Institute for Gene Research, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tani
- Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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Transcriptome diversity assessment of Gossypium arboreum (FDH228) leaves under control, drought and whitefly infestation using PacBio long reads. Gene 2023; 852:147065. [PMID: 36435508 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) are common mechanisms in eukaryotes to increase the complexity of transcriptomes and subsequently proteomes. Analysis of long reads transcriptomics data can result in the discovery of novel transcripts, splice sites, AS or APA events. Gossypium arboreum is an important cultivated cotton species and a putative contributor of the A sub-genome to the modern tetraploid cotton; and inherently tolerant to several biotic and abiotic stresses. Specifically, its variety 'FDH228' is considered to be an important resistance source. In this study, we sequenced the G. arboreum (var. FDH228) transcriptome using PacBio IsoSeq and illumina short read sequencing under three different conditions i.e. untreated/healthy, treated with biotic stress through whitefly infestation, and treated with abiotic stress via water deprivation, for the discovery and surveying of canonical and non-canonical AS, APA and transcript fusion events. We were able to obtain 15,419 unique transcripts from all samples representing 11,343 genes, out of which 10,832 were annotated and 520 were novel with respect to the published reference genome. These transcripts were grouped into different structural categories including 60 Antisense, 11,959 having a full-splice match, 999 with incomplete-splice match, 30 fusion transcripts, 177 genic, 479 intergenic, 771 novels in the catalog, and 944 Novel but not found in the catalog. Subsequently, randomly selected candidate transcripts were experimentally validated using qRT-PCR. Our comprehensive identification of canonical and non-canonical splicing events, and novel and fusion transcripts aids in the understanding of the resistance mechanisms for this specific germplasm.
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Mihailova G, Solti Á, Sárvári É, Hunyadi-Gulyás É, Georgieva K. Protein Changes in Shade and Sun Haberlea rhodopensis Leaves during Dehydration at Optimal and Low Temperatures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020401. [PMID: 36679114 PMCID: PMC9861795 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Haberlea rhodopensis is a unique resurrection plant of high phenotypic plasticity, colonizing both shady habitats and sun-exposed rock clefts. H. rhodopensis also survives freezing winter temperatures in temperate climates. Although survival in conditions of desiccation and survival in conditions of frost share high morphological and physiological similarities, proteomic changes lying behind these mechanisms are hardly studied. Thus, we aimed to reveal ecotype-level and temperature-dependent variations in the protective mechanisms by applying both targeted and untargeted proteomic approaches. Drought-induced desiccation enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but FeSOD and Cu/ZnSOD-III were significantly better triggered in sun plants. Desiccation resulted in the accumulation of enzymes involved in carbohydrate/phenylpropanoid metabolism (enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, UDP-D-apiose/UDP-D-xylose synthase 2, 81E8-like cytochrome P450 monooxygenase) and protective proteins such as vicinal oxygen chelate metalloenzyme superfamily and early light-induced proteins, dehydrins, and small heat shock proteins, the latter two typically being found in the latest phases of dehydration and being more pronounced in sun plants. Although low temperature and drought stress-induced desiccation trigger similar responses, the natural variation of these responses in shade and sun plants calls for attention to the pre-conditioning/priming effects that have high importance both in the desiccation responses and successful stress recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergana Mihailova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ádám Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Sárvári
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Hunyadi-Gulyás
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katya Georgieva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Wang Y, Yu Y, Wan H, Tang J, Ni Z. The sea-island cotton GbTCP4 transcription factor positively regulates drought and salt stress responses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 322:111329. [PMID: 35667469 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
TCP transcription factors play important regulatory roles in plant growth and development; however, their function in response to salt and drought stress in sea-island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) is unknown. Here, GbTCP4 expression was induced by abscisic acid (ABA), drought, and NaCl treatments. Under drought stress, compared to wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis, transgenic GbTCP4-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed increased seed germination rate, root length and survival rate; additionally, it was ABA-insensitive at the germination stage but ABA-sensitive at the seedling stage, showing reduced stomatal opening and ABA enrichment. Under salt stress, compared to WT Arabidopsis, transgenic GbTCP4-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed greater root length, survival rate, and SPAD value and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Conversely, under drought or salt stress, virus-induced gene-silenced GbTCP4 cotton showed decreased root length, area and volume and increased MDA content and sensitivity to drought and salt stress compared with control cotton. RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that GbTCP4 affected the transcription levels of genes across multiple abiotic stress-related metabolic pathways. Furthermore, GbTCP4 activated the transcription of GbUVR8 and GbbHLH130 by binding to their promoters. These results suggest that GbTCP4 positively regulates drought and salt stress responses and is a suitable candidate gene for improving plant drought and salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Yuehua Yu
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Huina Wan
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Jie Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China.
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11
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Seidel T. The Plant V-ATPase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:931777. [PMID: 35845650 PMCID: PMC9280200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.931777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
V-ATPase is the dominant proton pump in plant cells. It contributes to cytosolic pH homeostasis and energizes transport processes across endomembranes of the secretory pathway. Its localization in the trans Golgi network/early endosomes is essential for vesicle transport, for instance for the delivery of cell wall components. Furthermore, it is crucial for response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The V-ATPase's rather complex structure and multiple subunit isoforms enable high structural flexibility with respect to requirements for different organs, developmental stages, and organelles. This complexity further demands a sophisticated assembly machinery and transport routes in cells, a process that is still not fully understood. Regulation of V-ATPase is a target of phosphorylation and redox-modifications but also involves interactions with regulatory proteins like 14-3-3 proteins and the lipid environment. Regulation by reversible assembly, as reported for yeast and the mammalian enzyme, has not be proven in plants but seems to be absent in autotrophic cells. Addressing the regulation of V-ATPase is a promising approach to adjust its activity for improved stress resistance or higher crop yield.
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12
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Wang C, Xiang Y, Qian D. Current progress in plant V-ATPase: From biochemical properties to physiological functions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153525. [PMID: 34560396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase, VHA) is a highly conserved, ATP-driven multisubunit proton pump that is widely distributed in all eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase consists of two domains formed by at least 13 different subunits, the membrane peripheral V1 domain responsible for ATP hydrolysis, and the membrane-integral V0 domain responsible for proton translocation. V-ATPase plays an essential role in energizing secondary active transport and is indispensable to plants. In addition to multiple stress responses, plant V-ATPase is also implicated in physiological processes such as growth, development, and morphogenesis. Based on the identification of distinct V-ATPase mutants and advances in luminal pH measurements in vivo, it has been revealed that this holoenzyme complex plays a pivotal role in pH homeostasis of the plant endomembrane system and endocytic and secretory trafficking. Here, we review recent progress in comprehending the biochemical properties and physiological functions of plant V-ATPase and explore the topics that require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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13
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Xu X, Legay S, Sergeant K, Zorzan S, Leclercq CC, Charton S, Giarola V, Liu X, Challabathula D, Renaut J, Hausman JF, Bartels D, Guerriero G. Molecular insights into plant desiccation tolerance: transcriptomics, proteomics and targeted metabolite profiling in Craterostigma plantagineum. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:377-398. [PMID: 33901322 PMCID: PMC8453721 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum possesses an extraordinary capacity to survive long-term desiccation. To enhance our understanding of this phenomenon, complementary transcriptome, soluble proteome and targeted metabolite profiling was carried out on leaves collected from different stages during a dehydration and rehydration cycle. A total of 7348 contigs, 611 proteins and 39 metabolites were differentially abundant across the different sampling points. Dynamic changes in transcript, protein and metabolite levels revealed a unique signature characterizing each stage. An overall low correlation between transcript and protein abundance suggests a prominent role for post-transcriptional modification in metabolic reprogramming to prepare plants for desiccation and recovery. The integrative analysis of all three data sets was performed with an emphasis on photosynthesis, photorespiration, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The results revealed a set of precise changes that modulate primary metabolism to confer plasticity to metabolic pathways, thus optimizing plant performance under stress. The maintenance of cyclic electron flow and photorespiration, and the switch from C3 to crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis, may contribute to partially sustain photosynthesis and minimize oxidative damage during dehydration. Transcripts with a delayed translation, ATP-independent bypasses, alternative respiratory pathway and 4-aminobutyric acid shunt may all play a role in energy management, together conferring bioenergetic advantages to meet energy demands upon rehydration. This study provides a high-resolution map of the changes occurring in primary metabolism during dehydration and rehydration and enriches our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning plant desiccation tolerance. The data sets provided here will ultimately inspire biotechnological strategies for drought tolerance improvement in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Sylvain Legay
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Simone Zorzan
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Céline C Leclercq
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Charton
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Valentino Giarola
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Xun Liu
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Dinakar Challabathula
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Jenny Renaut
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Gea Guerriero
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, L-4362, Luxembourg
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14
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Abdelmoghny AM, Raghavendra KP, Sheeba JA, Santosh HB, Meshram JH, Singh SB, Kranthi KR, Waghmare VN. Morpho-physiological and molecular characterization of drought tolerance traits in Gossypium hirsutum genotypes under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2339-2353. [PMID: 33424151 PMCID: PMC7772122 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting lint yield and fibre quality in cotton. With increase in population, degrading natural resources and frequent drought occurrences, development of high yielding, drought tolerant cotton cultivars is critical for sustainable cotton production across countries. Six Gossypium hirsutum genotypes identified for drought tolerance, wider adaptability and better fibre quality traits were characterized for various morpho-physiological and biochemical characters and their molecular basis was investigated under drought stress. Under drought conditions, genotypes revealed statistically significant differences for all the morpho-physiological and biochemical traits. The interaction (genotype × treatment) effects were highly significant for root length, excised leaf water loss and cell membrane thermostability indicating differential interaction of genotypes under control and stress conditions. Correlation studies revealed that under drought stress, relative water content had significant positive correlation with root length and root-to-shoot ratio while it had significant negative correlation with excised leaf water loss, epicuticular wax, proline, potassium and total soluble sugar content. Analysis of expression of fourteen drought stress related genes under water stress indicated that both ABA dependent and ABA independent mechanisms of drought tolerance might be operating differentially in the studied genotypes. IC325280 and LRA5166 exhibited ABA mediated expression of stress responsive genes and traits. Molecular basis of drought tolerance in IC357406, Suraj, IC259637 and CNH 28I genotypes could be attributed to ABA independent pathway. Based on physiological phenotyping, the genotypes IC325280 and IC357406 were identified to possess better root traits and LRA5166 was found to have enhanced cellular level tolerance. Variety Suraj exhibited good osmotic adjustment and better root traits to withstand water stress. The identified drought component trait(s) in specific genotypes would pave way for their pyramiding through marker assisted cotton breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Abdelmoghny
- Cotton Research Institute (CRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - J. Annie Sheeba
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, India
| | - H. B. Santosh
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, India
| | | | - Suman Bala Singh
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, India
| | - K. R. Kranthi
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, India
- International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), Washington, DC USA
| | - V. N. Waghmare
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, India
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15
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Feng S, Peng Y, Liu E, Ma H, Qiao K, Zhou A, Liu S, Bu Y. Arabidopsis V-ATPase d2 Subunit Plays a Role in Plant Responses to Oxidative Stress. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060701. [PMID: 32630497 PMCID: PMC7349310 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit proton pump located on the endomembrane, plays an important role in plant growth. The Arabidopsis thaliana V-ATPase d subunit (VHA-d) consists of two isoforms; AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2. In this study, the function of AtVHA-d2 was investigated. Histochemical analysis revealed that the expression of AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2 was generally highly overlapping in multiple tissues at different developmental stages of Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization revealed that AtVHA-d2 was mainly localized to the vacuole. AtVHA-d2 expression was significantly induced by oxidative stress. Analysis of phenotypic and H2O2 content showed that the atvha-d2 mutant was sensitive to oxidative stress. The noninvasive microtest monitoring demonstrated that the net H+ influx in the atvha-d2 roots was weaker than that in the wild-type under normal conditions. However, oxidative stress resulted in the H+ efflux in atvha-d2 roots, which was significantly different from that in the wild-type. RNA-seq combined with qPCR analysis showed that the expression of several members of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene (AtAHA) family in atvha-d2 was significantly different from that in the wild-type. Overall, our results indicate that AtVHA-d2 plays a role in Arabidopsis in response to oxidative stress by affecting H+ flux and AtAHA gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yun Peng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Enhui Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Hongping Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Kun Qiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’An 311300, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-8219-2763
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16
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Wani SH, Kumar V, Khare T, Guddimalli R, Parveda M, Solymosi K, Suprasanna P, Kavi Kishor PB. Engineering salinity tolerance in plants: progress and prospects. PLANTA 2020; 251:76. [PMID: 32152761 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to integrate conceptual framework based on the current understanding of salt stress responses with different approaches for manipulating and improving salt tolerance in crop plants. Soil salinity exerts significant constraints on global crop production, posing a serious challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. The classical transgenic approach for enhancing salinity tolerance in plants revolves by boosting endogenous defence mechanisms, often via a single-gene approach, and usually involves the enhanced synthesis of compatible osmolytes, antioxidants, polyamines, maintenance of hormone homeostasis, modification of transporters and/or regulatory proteins, including transcription factors and alternative splicing events. Occasionally, genetic manipulation of regulatory proteins or phytohormone levels confers salinity tolerance, but all these may cause undesired reduction in plant growth and/or yields. In this review, we present and evaluate novel and cutting-edge approaches for engineering salt tolerance in crop plants. First, we cover recent findings regarding the importance of regulatory proteins and transporters, and how they can be used to enhance salt tolerance in crop plants. We also evaluate the importance of halobiomes as a reservoir of genes that can be used for engineering salt tolerance in glycophytic crops. Additionally, the role of microRNAs as critical post-transcriptional regulators in plant adaptive responses to salt stress is reviewed and their use for engineering salt-tolerant crop plants is critically assessed. The potentials of alternative splicing mechanisms and targeted gene-editing technologies in understanding plant salt stress responses and developing salt-tolerant crop plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, 192 101, India.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
| | - Tushar Khare
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India
| | | | | | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE-Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1053, Hungary
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522 213, India
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17
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Khan A, Kamran M, Imran M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Amri I, Lee IJ, Khan AL. Silicon and salicylic acid confer high-pH stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19788. [PMID: 31874969 PMCID: PMC6930214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkalinity is a known threat to crop plant growth and production, yet the role of exogenous silicon (Si) and salicylic acid (SA) application has been largely unexplored. Here, we sought to understand the beneficial impacts of Si and SA on tomato seedlings during high-pH (9.0) stress. Results showed that Si- and SA-treated plants displayed higher biomass, chlorophyll contents, relative leaf water and better root system than none-treated plants under alkaline conditions. Both Si and SA counteracted the alkaline stress-induced oxidative damage by lowering the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The major antioxidant defence enzyme activities were largely stimulated by Si and SA, and these treatments caused significantly increased K+ and lowered Na+ concentrations in shoot and root under stress. Moreover, Si and SA treatments modulated endogenous SA levels and dramatically decreased abscisic acid levels in both shoot and root. Additionally, key genes involved in Si uptake, SA biosynthesis, the antioxidant defence system and rhizosphere acidification were up-regulated in Si and SA treatments under alkaline conditions. These results demonstrate that Si and SA play critical roles in improving alkaline stress tolerance in tomato seedlings, by modifying the endogenous Na+ and K+ contents, regulating oxidative damage and key genes and modulating endogenous hormone levels. These findings will help to broaden our understanding regarding the physiological and molecular mechanisms associated with the alkaline soil tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Issa Al-Amri
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
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18
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Zhu L, Zheng B, Song W, Tao C, Jin X, Li H. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Molecular Differences between Leaves of Wild-Type Upland Cotton and Its Fuzzless- Lintless Mutant. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203769. [PMID: 31635060 PMCID: PMC6832260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fuzzless-lintless mutant (fl) ovules of upland cotton have been used to investigate cotton fiber development for decades. However, the molecular differences of green tissues between fl and wild-type (WT) cotton were barely reported. Here, we found that gossypol content, the most important secondary metabolite of cotton leaves, was higher in Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Xuzhou-142 (Xu142) WT than in fl. Then, we performed comparative proteomic analysis of the leaves from Xu142 WT and its fl. A total of 4506 proteins were identified, of which 103 and 164 appeared to be WT- and fl-specific, respectively. In the 4239 common-expressed proteins, 80 and 74 were preferentially accumulated in WT and fl, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network analysis of both variety-specific and differential abundant proteins showed that secondary metabolism and chloroplast-related pathways were significantly enriched. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the expression levels of 12 out of 16 selected genes from representative pathways were consistent with their protein accumulation patterns. Further analyses showed that the content of chlorophyll a in WT, but not chlorophyll b, was significantly increased compared to fl. This work provides the leaf proteome profiles of Xu142 and its fl mutant, indicating the necessity of further investigation of molecular differences between WT and fl leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Bowen Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Wangyang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Chengcheng Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiang Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Hongbin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
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19
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Heterologous Expression of GbTCP4, a Class II TCP Transcription Factor, Regulates Trichome Formation and Root Hair Development in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090726. [PMID: 31546783 PMCID: PMC6771151 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two class I family teosinte branched1/cycloidea/proliferating cell factor1 (TCP) proteins from allotetraploid cotton are involved in cotton fiber cell differentiation and elongation and root hair development. However, the biological function of most class II TCP proteins is unclear. This study sought to reveal the characteristics and functions of the sea-island cotton class II TCP gene GbTCP4 by biochemical, genetic, and molecular biology methods. GbTCP4 protein localizes to nuclei, binding two types of TCP-binding cis-acting elements, including the one in its promoter. Expression pattern analysis revealed that GbTCP4 is widely expressed in tissues, with the highest level in flowers. GbTCP4 is expressed at different fiber development stages and has high transcription in fibers beginning at 5 days post anthesis (DPA). GbTCP4 overexpression increases primary root hair length and density and leaf and stem trichomes in transgenic Arabidopsis relative to wild-type plants (WT). GbTCP4 binds directly to the CAPRICE (CPC) promoter, increasing CPC transcript levels in roots and reducing them in leaves. Compared with WT plants, lignin content in the stems of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GbTCP4 increased, and AtCAD5 gene transcript levels increased. These results suggest that GbTCP4 regulates trichome formation and root hair development in Arabidopsis and may be a candidate gene for regulating cotton fiber elongation.
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20
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Zhang Z, Ke D, Hu M, Zhang C, Deng L, Li Y, Li J, Zhao H, Cheng L, Wang L, Yuan H. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses provide evidence for extensive phosphorylation of regulatory proteins in the rhizobia-legume symbiosis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:265-283. [PMID: 30989446 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in root nodules of grain legumes is essential for high yielding. Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation plays important role in root nodule development. Differences in the phosphoproteomes may either be developmental specific and related to nitrogen fixation activity. An iTRAQ-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses during nodule development enables identification of specific phosphorylation signaling in the Lotus-rhizobia symbiosis. During evolution, legumes (Fabaceae) have evolved a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia, which fix atmospheric nitrogen and produce ammonia that host plants can then absorb. Root nodule development depends on the activation of protein phosphorylation-mediated signal transduction cascades. To investigate possible molecular mechanisms of protein modulation during nodule development, we used iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analyses to identify root phosphoproteins during rhizobial colonization and infection of Lotus japonicus. 1154 phosphoproteins with 2957 high-confidence phosphorylation sites were identified. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of functional groups of these genes revealed that the biological processes mediated by these proteins included cellular processes, signal transduction, and transporter activity. Quantitative data highlighted the dynamics of protein phosphorylation during nodule development and, based on regulatory trends, seven groups were identified. RNA splicing and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways were extensively affected by phosphorylation, and most Ser/Arg-rich (SR) proteins were multiply phosphorylated. In addition, many proposed kinase-substrate pairs were predicted, and in these MAPK6 substrates were found to be highly enriched. This study offers insights into the regulatory processes underlying nodule development, provides an accessible resource cataloging the phosphorylation status of thousands of Lotus proteins during nodule development, and develops our understanding of post-translational regulatory mechanisms in the Lotus-rhizobia symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaibao Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Danxia Ke
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Menghui Hu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Deng
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuting Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Jiuli Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
| | - Hongyu Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
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Spatio-Temporal Transcriptional Dynamics of Maize Long Non-Coding RNAs Responsive to Drought Stress. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020138. [PMID: 30781862 PMCID: PMC6410058 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in plant stress response. Here, we report a genome-wide lncRNA transcriptional analysis in response to drought stress using an expanded series of maize samples collected from three distinct tissues spanning four developmental stages. In total, 3488 high-confidence lncRNAs were identified, among which 1535 were characterized as drought responsive. By characterizing the genomic structure and expression pattern, we found that lncRNA structures were less complex than protein-coding genes, showing shorter transcripts and fewer exons. Moreover, drought-responsive lncRNAs exhibited higher tissue- and development-specificity than protein-coding genes. By exploring the temporal expression patterns of drought-responsive lncRNAs at different developmental stages, we discovered that the reproductive stage R1 was the most sensitive growth stage with more lncRNAs showing altered expression upon drought stress. Furthermore, lncRNA target prediction revealed 653 potential lncRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) pairs, among which 124 pairs function in cis-acting mode and 529 in trans. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the targets were significantly enriched in molecular functions related to oxidoreductase activity, water binding, and electron carrier activity. Multiple promising targets of drought-responsive lncRNAs were discovered, including the V-ATPase encoding gene, vpp4. These findings extend our knowledge of lncRNAs as important regulators in maize drought response.
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