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Li X, Wang L, Cui Y, Liu C, Liu Y, Lu L, Luo M. The cotton protein GhIQD21 interacts with GhCaM7 and modulates organ morphogenesis in Arabidopsis by influencing microtubule stability. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1025-1038. [PMID: 37010557 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE GhIQD21, a cotton IQ67-domain protein, interacts with GhCaM7 and alters organ shape in Arabidopsis by modulating microtubule stability. Calcium ion (Ca2+) and the calcium sensor calmodulin play crucial roles in the growth and development of plants. GhCaM7, a calmodulin in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), is highly expressed in cotton fiber cells during the rapid elongation period and plays an important role in fiber cell development. In this study, we screened for GhCaM7-interacting proteins and identified GhIQD21, which contains a typical IQ67-domain. GhIQD21 was preferentially expressed at the fiber rapid elongation stage, and the protein localized to microtubules (MTs). Ectopic expression of GhIQD21 in Arabidopsis resulted in shorter leaves, petals, siliques, and plant height, thicker inflorescences, and more trichomes when compared with wild type (WT). Further investigation indicated that the morphogenesis of leaf epidermal cells and silique cells was altered. There was less consistency in the orientation of cortical microtubules in cotyledon and hypocotyl epidermal cells. Furthermore, compared with WT, transgenic seedling hypocotyls were more sensitive to oryzalin, a MT depolymerization drug. These results indicated that GhIQD21 is a GhCaM7-interacting protein located in MTs and that it plays a role in plant growth and potentially cotton fiber development. This study provides a foundation for further studies of the function and regulatory mechanism of GhIQD21 in fiber cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Lili Lu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572024, Hainan, China.
| | - Ming Luo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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Song Q, Gao W, Du C, Wang J, Zuo K. Cotton microtubule-associated protein GhMAP20L5 mediates fiber elongation through the interaction with the tubulin GhTUB13. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 327:111545. [PMID: 36464024 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Targeting proteins for Xklp2 (TPX2s) comprise a class of MAPs that are essential for plant growth and development by regulating the dynamic changes of microtubules (MTs) and proper formation of cytoskeleton. However, the function of TPX2 proteins in cotton fiber development remains poorly understood. Here, we identified the function of a fiber elongation-specific TPX2 protein, GhMAP20L5, in cotton. Suppressed GhMAP20L5 gene expression in cotton (GhMAP20L5i) significantly reduced fiber elongation rate, fiber length and lint percentage. GhMAP20L5i fibers had thinner and looser secondary cell walls (SCW), and incompact helix twists. GhMAP20L5 specifically interacted with the tubulin GhTUB13 on the cytoskeleton. Gene coexpression analysis showed that GhMAP20L5 involved in multiple pathways related to cytoskeleton establishment and fiber cell wall formation and affected cellulase genes expressions. In summary, our results revealed that GhMAP20L5 is important for fiber development by regulating cytoskeleton establishment and the cellulose deposition in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Song
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanting Gao
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chuanhui Du
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaijing Zuo
- Single Cell Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Shakeel Q, Mubeen M, Sohail MA, Ali S, Iftikhar Y, Tahir Bajwa R, Aqueel MA, Upadhyay SK, Divvela PK, Zhou L. An explanation of the mystifying bakanae disease narrative for tomorrow's rice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153437. [PMID: 37143531 PMCID: PMC10151534 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice production is severely hampered by the bakanae disease (Fusarium fujikuroi), formerly recognized as Fusarium moniliforme. F. moniliforme was called the F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) because it was later discovered that it had some separate species. The FFSC's constituents are also well recognized for producing phytohormones, which include auxins, cytokinin, and gibberellins (GAs). The normal symptoms of bakanae disease in rice are exacerbated by GAs. The members of the FFSC are responsible for the production of fumonisin (FUM), fusarins, fusaric acid, moniliformin, and beauvericin. These are harmful to both human and animal health. This disease is common around the world and causes significant yield losses. Numerous secondary metabolites, including the plant hormone gibberellin, which causes classic bakanae symptoms, are produced by F. fujikuroi. The strategies for managing bakanae, including the utilization of host resistance, chemical compounds, biocontrol agents, natural goods, and physical approaches, have been reviewed in this study. Bakanae disease is still not entirely preventable, despite the adoption of many different tactics that have been used to manage it. The benefits and drawbacks of these diverse approaches are discussed by the authors. The mechanisms of action of the main fungicides as well as the strategies for resistance to them are outlined. The information compiled in this study will contribute to a better understanding of the bakanae disease and the development of a more effective management plan for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Shakeel
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Yasir Iftikhar
| | - Rabia Tahir Bajwa
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Anjum Aqueel
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sudhir K. Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhou
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Bashyal BM, Rawat K, Parmar P, Gupta AK, Gupta S, Krishnan SG, Choudhary R, Ercisli S, Kovacevic A, Aggarwal R. Transcriptomic analysis of bakanae disease resistant and susceptible rice genotypes in response to infection by Fusarium fujikuroi. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11959-11972. [PMID: 36271308 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium fujikuroi causing bakanae is one of the most significant pathogens of rice and much responsible for yield losses thereby emerging as a major risk to food security. METHODS In the present study transcriptomic analysis was conducted between two contrasting resistant (C101A51) and susceptible (Rasi) genotypes of rice with the combinations of C101A51 control (CC) vs. C101A51 inoculated (CI); Rasi control (RC) vs. Rasi inoculated (RI) and C101A51 inoculated (CI) vs. Rasi inoculated (RI). RESULTS In CC vs. CI commonly expressed genes were 12,764. Out of them 567 (4%) were significantly upregulated and 1399 (9%) genes were downregulated. For the RC vs. RI 14, 333 (79%) genes were commonly expressed. For CI vs. RI 13,662 (72%) genes were commonly expressed. Genes related to cysteine proteinase inhibitor 10, disease resistance protein TAO1-like, oleosin 16 kDa-like, pathogenesis-related protein (PR1), (PR4), BTB/POZ and MATH domain-containing protein 5-like, alpha-amylase isozyme were upregulated in resistant genotype C101A51. Whereas, genes related to GDSL esterase/lipase, serine glyoxylate aminotransferase, CASP-like protein 2C1, WAT1-related protein, Cytoplasmic linker associated proteins, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein and β-D xylosidase 7 were upregulated in susceptible genotype Rasi. Gene ontology analysis showed functions related to defence response (GO:0006952), regulation of plant hypersensitive type response (GO:0010363), Potassium ion transmembrane activity (GO:0015079), chloroplast (GO:0009507), response to wounding (GO:0009611), xylan biosynthetic process (GO:0045492) were upregulated in resistant genotype C101A51 under inoculated conditions. CONCLUSION Real time PCR based validation of the selected DEGs showed that the qRT-PCR was consistent with the RNA-Seq results. This is the first transcriptomic study against bakanae disease of rice in Indian genotypes. Further, functional studies on identified genes and their utilization through different methodology will be helpful for the development of bakanae disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Maya Bashyal
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kirti Rawat
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Parmar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Plant Biotechnology, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Sangeeta Gupta
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gopala Krishnan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravish Choudhary
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Antonija Kovacevic
- BIOTECH - Center for Biotechnological Research and Development, Ivana Cankara 76, 35 000, Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Rashmi Aggarwal
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
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Chen L, Tian N, Hu M, Sandhu D, Jin Q, Gu M, Zhang X, Peng Y, Zhang J, Chen Z, Liu G, Huang M, Huang J, Liu Z, Liu S. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key pathways and genes involved in trichome development in tea plant ( Camellia sinensis). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:997778. [PMID: 36212317 PMCID: PMC9546587 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.997778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Trichomes, which develop from epidermal cells, are considered one of the important characteristics of the tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. Many nutritional and metabolomic studies have indicated the important contributions of trichomes to tea products quality. However, understanding the regulation of trichome formation at the molecular level remains elusive in tea plants. Herein, we present a genome-wide comparative transcriptome analysis between the hairless Chuyeqi (CYQ) with fewer trichomes and the hairy Budiaomao (BDM) with more trichomes tea plant genotypes, toward the identification of biological processes and functional gene activities that occur during trichome development. In the present study, trichomes in both cultivars CYQ and BDM were unicellular, unbranched, straight, and soft-structured. The density of trichomes was the highest in the bud and tender leaf periods. Further, using the high-throughput sequencing method, we identified 48,856 unigenes, of which 31,574 were differentially expressed. In an analysis of 208 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding transcription factors (TFs), five may involve in trichome development. In addition, on the basis of the Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) results, we screened several DEGs that may contribute to trichome growth, including 66 DEGs related to plant resistance genes (PRGs), 172 DEGs related to cell wall biosynthesis pathway, 29 DEGs related to cell cycle pathway, and 45 DEGs related to cytoskeleton biosynthesis. Collectively, this study provided high-quality RNA-seq information to improve our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of trichome development and lay a foundation for additional trichome studies in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqing Hu
- Xiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jishou, China
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- United States Salinity Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Qifang Jin
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Meiyi Gu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangqin Zhang
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyan Chen
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Guizhi Liu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengdi Huang
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuoqian Liu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Zeng J, Xi J, Li B, Yan X, Dai Y, Wu Y, Xiao Y, Pei Y, Zhang M. Microtubules play a crucial role in regulating actin organization and cell initiation in cotton fibers. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1059-1073. [PMID: 35217893 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic organization of actin and microtubule cytoskeletons directs a distinct expansion behavior of cotton fiber initiation from cell elongation. Cotton fibers are highly elongated single cells derived from the ovule epidermis. Although actin and microtubule (MT) cytoskeletons have been implicated in cell elongation and secondary wall deposition, their roles in fiber initiation is poorly understood. Here, we used fluorescent probes and pharmacological approaches to study the roles of these cytoskeletal components during cotton fiber initiation. Both cytoskeletons align along the growth axis in initiating fibers. The dorsal view of ovules shows that unlike the fine actin filaments (AFs) in nonfiber cells, the AFs in fiber cells are dense and bundled. MTs are randomized in fiber cells and well-ordered in nonfiber cells. The pharmacological experiments revealed that the depolymerization of AFs and MTs assisted fiber initiation. Both AF stabilization and depolymerization inhibited fiber elongation. In contrast, the proper depolymerization of MTs promoted cell elongation, although the MT-stabilizing drug consistently resulted in a negative effect. Notably, we found that the organization of AFs was correlated with MT dynamics. Stabilizing the MTs by taxol treatment promoted the formation of AF bundles (in fiber initials) and transversely aligned AFs (in elongating fibers), whereas depolymerizing the MTs by oryzalin treatment promoted the fragmentation of AFs. Collectively, our data indicates that MTs plays a crucial role in regulating AF organization and early development of cotton fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxia Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Dai
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Gu Y, Rasmussen CG. Cell biology of primary cell wall synthesis in plants. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:103-128. [PMID: 34613413 PMCID: PMC8774047 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Building a complex structure such as the cell wall, with many individual parts that need to be assembled correctly from distinct sources within the cell, is a well-orchestrated process. Additional complexity is required to mediate dynamic responses to environmental and developmental cues. Enzymes, sugars, and other cell wall components are constantly and actively transported to and from the plasma membrane during diffuse growth. Cell wall components are transported in vesicles on cytoskeletal tracks composed of microtubules and actin filaments. Many of these components, and additional proteins, vesicles, and lipids are trafficked to and from the cell plate during cytokinesis. In this review, we first discuss how the cytoskeleton is initially organized to add new cell wall material or to build a new cell wall, focusing on similarities during these processes. Next, we discuss how polysaccharides and enzymes that build the cell wall are trafficked to the correct location by motor proteins and through other interactions with the cytoskeleton. Finally, we discuss some of the special features of newly formed cell walls generated during cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Author for correspondence: (Y.G.), (C.G.R.)
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Ji M, Sun K, Fang H, Zhuang Z, Chen H, Chen Q, Cao Z, Wang Y, Ditta A, Khan MKR, Wang K, Wang B. Genome-wide identification and characterization of the CLASP_N gene family in upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). PeerJ 2022; 10:e12733. [PMID: 35036102 PMCID: PMC8734470 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoplasmic linker-associated proteins (CLASPs) are tubule proteins that can bind to microtubules and participate in regulating the structure and function of microtubules, which significantly affects the development and growth of plants. These proteins have been identified in Arabidopsis; however, little research has been performed in upland cotton. METHODS In this study, the whole genome of the CLASP_N family was analyzed to provide theoretical support for the function of this gene family in the development of upland cotton fiber. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the family characteristics of CLASP_N in upland cotton, such as member identification, sequence characteristics, conserved domain structure and coevolutionary relationships. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to clarify the expression pattern of the upland cotton CLASP_N gene family in cotton fiber. RESULTS At the genome-wide level, we identified 16 upland cotton CLASP_N genes. A chromosomal localization analysis revealed that these 16 genes were located on 13 chromosomes. The motif results showed that all CLASP_N proteins have the CLASP_N domain. Gene structure analysis showed that the structure and length of exons and introns were consistent in the subgroups. In the evolutionary analysis with other species, the gene family clearly diverged from the other species in the evolutionary process. A promoter sequence analysis showed that this gene family contains a large number of cis-acting elements related to a variety of plant hormones. qRT-PCR was used to clarify the expression pattern of the upland cotton CLASP_N gene family in cotton fiber and leaves, and Gh210800 was found to be highly expressed in the later stages of fiber development. The results of this study provide a foundation for further research on the molecular role of the CLASP_N genes in cotton fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kangtai Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhimin Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haodong Chen
- Cotton Sciences Research Institute of Hunan/ National Hybrid Cotton Research Promotion Center, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Allah Ditta
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Association Mapping of Verticillium Wilt Disease in a Worldwide Collection of Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020306. [PMID: 33562629 PMCID: PMC7916069 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the best plant fiber source in the world and provides the raw material for industry. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is accepted as a major disease of cotton production. The most practical way to deal with verticillium wilt is to develop resistant/tolerant varieties after cultural practices. One of the effective selections in plant breeding is the use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) via quantitative trait loci (QTL). Therefore, in this study, we aimed to discover the genetic markers associated with the disease. Through the association mapping analysis, common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained using 4730 SNP alleles. As a result, twenty-three markers were associated with defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) pathotype, twenty-one markers with non-defoliating (Vd11 isolate) pathotype, ten QTL with Disease Severity Index (DSI) of the leaves at the 50–60% boll opening period and eight markers were associated with DSI in the stem section. Some of the markers that show significant associations are located on protein coding genes such as protein Mpv17-like, 21 kDa protein-like, transcription factor MYB113-like, protein dehydration-induced 19 homolog 3-like, F-box protein CPR30-like, extracellular ribonuclease LE-like, putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LIN, pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At3g62890-like, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, tubby-like F-box protein 8, endoglucanase 16-like, glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator 2, metal tolerance protein 11-like, VAN3-binding protein-like, transformation/transcription domain-associated protein-like, pyruvate kinase isozyme A, ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF2-like, molybdate transporter 2-like, IRK-interacting protein-like, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1 protein, U3 small nucleolar RNA-associated protein 4-like, microtubule-associated protein futsch-like, transport and Golgi organization 2 homolog, splicing factor 3B subunit 3-like, mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 15a-like, putative ankyrin repeat protein, and protein networked 1D-like. It has been reported in previous studies that most of these genes are associated with biotic and abiotic stress factors. As a result, once validated, it would be possible to use the markers obtained in the study in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) breeding.
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Li Z, Wang X, Cui Y, Qiao K, Zhu L, Fan S, Ma Q. Comprehensive Genome-Wide Analysis of Thaumatin-Like Gene Family in Four Cotton Species and Functional Identification of GhTLP19 Involved in Regulating Tolerance to Verticillium dahlia and Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:575015. [PMID: 33193513 PMCID: PMC7606878 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.575015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) present in the form of large multigene families play important roles in biotic stress and abiotic stress. However, there has been no systematic analysis of the TLPs in cotton. In this study, comprehensive identification and evolutionary analysis of TLPs in four species of cotton were conducted. In total, 50, 48, 91, and 90 homologous sequences were identified in Gossypium raimondii, G. arboreum, G. barbadense, and G. hirsutum, respectively. Gene structure, protein motifs, and gene expression were further investigated. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that GhTLPs participate in abiotic, biotic stress and cotton fiber development. GhTLP19 on chromosome At05 was selected as a candidate gene for further study. When GhTLP19 was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cotton, with the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the decrease of catalase (CAT) content, and as the increase of disease index (DI) and hyphae accumulation, the plants were more sensitive to drought and Verticillium dahliae. Furthermore, the GhTLP19 overexpressing Arabidopsis transgenic lines exhibited higher proline content, thicker and longer trichomes and more tolerance to drought when compared to wild type. This study will provide a basis and reference for future research on their roles in stress tolerance and fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanshuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Kaikai Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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