1
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Xu P, Ma W, Feng H, Cai W. The NAC056 transcription factor confers freezing tolerance by positively regulating expression of CBFs and NIA1 in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100923. [PMID: 38637986 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Freezing stress can seriously affect plant growth and development, but the mechanisms of these effects and plant responses to freezing stress require further exploration. Here, we identified a NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC)-family transcription factor (TF), NAC056, that can promote freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. NAC056 mRNA levels are strongly induced by freezing stress in roots, and the nac056 mutant exhibits compromised freezing tolerance. NAC056 acts positively in response to freezing by directly promoting key C-repeat-binding factor (CBF) pathway genes. Interestingly, we found that CBF1 regulates nitrate assimilation by regulating the nitrate reductase gene NIA1 in plants; therefore, NAC056-CBF1-NIA1 form a regulatory module for the assimilation of nitrate and the growth of roots under freezing stress. In addition, 35S::NAC056 transgenic plants show enhanced freezing tolerance, which is partially reversed in the cbfs triple mutant. Thus, NAC056 confers freezing tolerance through the CBF pathway, mediating plant responses to balance growth and freezing stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Xu
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environment, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Huafeng Feng
- Department of Food Science, College of Hospitality Management, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Weiming Cai
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environment, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Zboińska M, Janeczko A, Kabała K. Involvement of NO in V-ATPase Regulation in Cucumber Roots under Control and Cadmium Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2884. [PMID: 37571036 PMCID: PMC10420687 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that participates in plant adaptation to adverse environmental factors. This study aimed to clarify the role of NO in the regulation of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) in the roots of cucumber seedlings grown under control and Cd stress conditions. In addition, the relationship between NO and salicylic acid (SA), as well as their interrelations with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been verified. The effect of NO on V-ATPase was studied by analyzing two enzyme activities, the expression level of selected VHA genes and the protein level of selected VHA subunits in plants treated with a NO donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) and NO biosynthesis inhibitors (tungstate, WO42- and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME). Our results indicate that NO functions as a positive regulator of V-ATPase and that this regulation depends on NO generated by nitrate reductase and NOS-like activity. It was found that the mechanism of NO action is not related to changes in the gene expression or protein level of the V-ATPase subunits. The results suggest that in cucumber roots, NO signaling interacts with the SA pathway and, to a lesser extent, with two other known V-ATPase regulators, H2O2 and H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zboińska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Janeczko
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kabała
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland;
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3
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Fiaz M, Ahmed I, Hassan SMU, Niazi AK, Khokhar MF, Farooq MA, Arshad M. Antibiotics induced changes in nitrogen metabolism and antioxidative enzymes in mung bean (Vigna radiata). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162449. [PMID: 36841411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excessive use and release of antibiotics into the soil environment in the developing world have resulted in altered soil processes affecting terrestrial organisms and posing a serious threat to crop growth and productivity. The present study investigated the influence of exogenously applied oxytetracycline (OXY) and levofloxacin (LEV) on plant physiological responses, key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism (e.g., nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase), nitrogen contents and oxidative stress response of mung bean (Vigna radiata). Plants were irrigated weekly with antibiotics containing water for exposing the plants to different concentrations i.e., 1, 10, 20, 50, and 100 mg L-1. Results showed a significant decrease in nitrate reductase activity in both antibiotic treatments and their mixtures and increased antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants. At lower concentrations of antibiotics (≤20 mg L-1), 53.9 % to 78.4 % increase in nitrogen content was observed in levofloxacin and mixtures compared to the control, resulting in an increase in the overall plant biomass. Higher antibiotic (≥50 mg L-1) concentration showed 58 % decrease in plant biomass content and an overall decrease in plant nitrogen content upon exposure to the mixtures. This was further complemented by 22 % to 42 % increase in glutamine synthetase activity observed in the plants treated with levofloxacin and mixtures. The application of low doses of antibiotics throughout the experiments resulted in lower toxicity symptoms in the plants. However, significantly higher malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations at higher doses (20 mg L-1 and above) than the control showed that plants' tolerance against oxidative stress was conceded with increasing antibiotic concentrations. The toxicity trend was: levofloxacin > mixture > oxytetracycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marium Fiaz
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP), Land Resources Research Institute (LRRI), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumara Masood Ul Hassan
- School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan Niazi
- Centre for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fahim Khokhar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ansar Farooq
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
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4
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Caravaca F, Díaz G, Torres P, Campoy M, Roldán A. Synergistic enhancement of the phytostabilization of a semiarid mine tailing by a combination of organic amendment and native microorganisms (Funneliformis mosseae and Bacillus cereus). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137106. [PMID: 36336022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to evaluate the effects of fermented sugar beet residue and inoculation with a native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Funneliformis mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe, or a native bacterium, Bacillus cereus Frankland & Frankland, alone or in combination, on the establishment of Lygeum spartum L. seedlings grown in a mine tailing under semiarid conditions. We conducted a field study to analyse root and shoot dry biomass, shoot nutrient contents, mycorrhization, plant nitrate reductase (NR) and acid phosphomonoesterase activities, soil enzyme activities and aggregate stability. Ten months after field transplanting, it was found that the three experimental factors had interacted synergistically with regard to shoot and root biomass, with increases of about 410% and 370%, respectively relative to plants in the untreated soil. The treatment combining all three factors increased the root content of all heavy metals, and the levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus, potassium and NR activity in shoot tissues, whereas it decreased root acid phosphomonoesterase activity. Soil dehydrogenase, protease and β-glucosidase activities, total N content and aggregate stability were increased by the combined treatment. In conclusion, the combination of the organic amendment, the native AM fungus and the native bacterium can be regarded as a suitable tool for phytostabilization with L. spartum due to its ability to enhance the tolerance of plants to heavy metals, improve the plant nutritional status and increase the soil microbial function related to the C cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caravaca
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - G Díaz
- Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Department of Applied Biology, Avda. Ferrocarril, s/n. Edf. Laboratorios, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - P Torres
- Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Department of Applied Biology, Avda. Ferrocarril, s/n. Edf. Laboratorios, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - M Campoy
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Roldán
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Zhao M, Meng Y, Wang Y, Sun G, Liu X, Li J, Wei S, Gu W. Exogenous Hemin alleviates cadmium stress in maize by enhancing sucrose and nitrogen metabolism and regulating endogenous hormones. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:368-380. [PMID: 35732582 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2086212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress restricts maize growth and productivity severely. We aimed to investigate the effects of Hemin on the metabolism of sucrose and nitrogen and endogenous hormones in maize under cadmium stress. Maize varieties 'Tiannong 9' (cadmium tolerant) and 'Fenghe 6' (cadmium sensitive) were grown in nutrient solutions to study the effects of Hemin on maize physiological and ecological mechanisms under cadmium stress. The results showed that Hemin mediated the increase of sucrose content and the activities of key enzymes sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) in maize leaves under cadmium stress. Soluble acid invertase (SAInv) and basic/neutral invertase (A/N-Inv) enzyme activities in leaves were decreased significantly, and sucrose accumulation in leaves was increased. Hemin also mediated the increase of NO3- content in leaves, the decrease of NH4+ content and the increase of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase activity (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme activities under cadmium stress. The contents of IAA, ZR, and GA in leaves and roots increased, ABA, MeJA, and SA decreased, and IAA/ABA, ZR/ABA, and GA/ABA increased under cadmium stress. Our study showed Hemin can alleviate cadmium stress in maize by enhancing sucrose and nitrogen metabolism and regulating endogenous hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyan Sun
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Khilji SA, Sajid ZA, Fayyaz S, Shah AA, Shah AN, Rauf M, Arif M, Yang SH, Fiaz S. Fulvic Acid Alleviates Paper Sludge Toxicity in Canola ( Brassica napus L.) by Reducing Cr, Cd, and Pb Uptake. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:874723. [PMID: 35755683 PMCID: PMC9220938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.874723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity reduces the growth and development of crop plants growing in metal-contaminated regions. Disposal of industrial waste in agricultural areas has negative effects on the physiochemical activities of plants. This research aimed to examine the fulvic acid (FA)-mediated efficacy of Brassica napus L. regarding stress tolerance in soil amended with paper sludge (PS). For this purpose, plants were grown for 90 days under greenhouse conditions at various concentrations of PS-amended soils (0, 5, 10, and 15%) being irrigated with water containing FA (0, 10, and 20%). All the physicochemical parameters of PS were carried out before and after plant transplantation. Paper sludge toxicity reduced the growth (shoot/root length, fresh/dry weight of shoot/root, numbers of flowers and leaves) and physicochemical characteristics of exposed B. napus plants. In comparison, FA application improved growth by reducing the metal uptake in the shoot of plants grown at various concentrations of PS. An increasing trend in antioxidant enzyme activity was observed by increasing the FA concentration (0%-10% and 20%). Post-harvest analysis indicated that the amount of tested metals was significantly reduced at all PS concentrations. Minimum metal uptake was observed at 0% concentration and maximum at 15% concentration of paper sludge. Additionally, FA application at 20% concentration reduced Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) uptake in the shoot from 6.08, 34.42, and 20.6 mgkg-1 to 3.62, 17.33, and 15.22 mgkg-1, respectively. At this concentration of paper sludge in the root, 20% FA reduced Cr, Cd, and Pb uptake from 11.19, 44.11, and 35.5 mgkg-1 to 7.88, 27.01, and 24.02 mgkg-1, respectively. Thus, FA at 20% concentration was found to be an effective stimulant to mitigate the metal stress in B. napus grown in paper sludge-polluted soil by reducing metal uptake and translocation to various plant parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheza Ayaz Khilji
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sidra Fayyaz
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Mamoona Rauf
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, South Korea
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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7
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Santoro DF, Sicilia A, Testa G, Cosentino SL, Lo Piero AR. Global leaf and root transcriptome in response to cadmium reveals tolerance mechanisms in Arundo donax L. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:427. [PMID: 35672691 PMCID: PMC9175368 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The expected increase of sustainable energy demand has shifted the attention towards bioenergy crops. Due to their know tolerance against abiotic stress and relatively low nutritional requirements, they have been proposed as election crops to be cultivated in marginal lands without disturbing the part of lands employed for agricultural purposes. Arundo donax L. is a promising bioenergy crop whose behaviour under water and salt stress has been recently studied at transcriptomic levels. As the anthropogenic activities produced in the last years a worrying increase of cadmium contamination worldwide, the aim of our work was to decipher the global transcriptomic response of A. donax leaf and root in the perspective of its cultivation in contaminated soil. In our study, RNA-seq libraries yielded a total of 416 million clean reads and 10.4 Gb per sample. De novo assembly of clean reads resulted in 378,521 transcripts and 126,668 unigenes with N50 length of 1812 bp and 1555 bp, respectively. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 5,303 deregulated transcripts (3,206 up- and 2,097 down regulated) specifically observed in the Cd-treated roots compared to Cd-treated leaves. Among them, we identified genes related to “Protein biosynthesis”, “Phytohormone action”, “Nutrient uptake”, “Cell wall organisation”, “Polyamine metabolism”, “Reactive oxygen species metabolism” and “Ion membrane transport”. Globally, our results indicate that ethylene biosynthesis and the downstream signal cascade are strongly induced by cadmium stress. In accordance to ethylene role in the interaction with the ROS generation and scavenging machinery, the transcription of several genes (NADPH oxidase 1, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, different glutathione S-transferases and catalase) devoted to cope the oxidative stress is strongly activated. Several small signal peptides belonging to ROTUNDIFOLIA, CLAVATA3, and C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE 1 (CEP) are also among the up-regulated genes in Cd-treated roots functioning as messenger molecules from root to shoot in order to communicate the stressful status to the upper part of the plants. Finally, the main finding of our work is that genes involved in cell wall remodelling and lignification are decisively up-regulated in giant reed roots. This probably represents a mechanism to avoid cadmium uptake which strongly supports the possibility to cultivate giant cane in contaminated soils in the perspective to reserve agricultural soil for food and feed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Fabrizio Santoro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Angelo Sicilia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgio Testa
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Luciano Cosentino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Roberta Lo Piero
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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Li X, Luo J, Han K, Shi X, Ren Z, Xi Y, Ying Y, Ping J, Wang ZL. Stimulation of ambient energy generated electric field on crop plant growth. NATURE FOOD 2022; 3:133-142. [PMID: 37117953 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly technologies are of great significance to agricultural sustainability due to the environmental damage caused by agricultural activities. Here, we report a wind and rain energy-driven electrical stimulation system for enhancing crop production. The system is based on an all-weather triboelectric nanogenerator (AW-TENG), which is composed of a bearing-and-hair structured triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a raindrop-driven TENG. Treated by the self-generated high-voltage electric field, the system can increase pea seeds germination speed by ~26.3% and pea yield by ~17.9%. By harvesting environmental wind and raindrop energy, the AW-TENG can be used to drive various agricultural sensors for optimizing plant growth. This work provides a fresh direction for self-powered systems in safe, efficient and eco-friendly agricultural production improvement and may profoundly contribute to the construction of a sustainable economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunjia Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Luo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Han
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Shi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zewei Ren
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Department of Applied Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yibin Ying
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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9
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Razmjooei Z, Etemadi M, Eshghi S, Ramezanian A, Mirazimi Abarghuei F, Alizargar J. Potential Role of Foliar Application of Azotobacter on Growth, Nutritional Value and Quality of Lettuce under Different Nitrogen Levels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030406. [PMID: 35161387 PMCID: PMC8839414 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vegetables can be treated with biofertilizers as an alternative to chemical fertilizers because of their low toxicity. We investigated the effects of foliar spraying of Azotobacter under different levels of nitrogen (100, 150 and 200 mg/L in nutrient solution) on the growth, nutritional value, nitrate accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities of hydroponically grown lettuce. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with four replicates in a factorial combination. Plants treated with Azotobacter and 200 mg/L nitrogen had greater leaf area and photosynthetic pigments than plants treated with 200 mg/L nitrogen without spraying with Azotobacter. Increasing nitrogen levels increased leaf number, fresh and dry weights, leaf area and nitrate accumulation in lettuce plants. Peroxidase (POD) activity increased by 95.4% at a nitrogen level of 200 mg/L compared to a nitrogen level of 100 mg/L. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity and leaf phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) concentrations were the highest in plants treated with a nitrogen source of 100 mg/L without foliar application of Azotobacter. As nitrogen levels increased in all treatments, nitrate reductase (NR) activity decreased and reached a minimum at the 200 mg/L nitrogen level. In general, foliar application of Azotobacter sp. can be used to promote plant growth and reduce nitrate accumulation in lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Razmjooei
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (Z.R.); (S.E.); (A.R.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Etemadi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (Z.R.); (S.E.); (A.R.); (F.M.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (J.A.); Tel.: +98-71-36138447 (M.E.)
| | - Saeid Eshghi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (Z.R.); (S.E.); (A.R.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Asghar Ramezanian
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (Z.R.); (S.E.); (A.R.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Faezeh Mirazimi Abarghuei
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (Z.R.); (S.E.); (A.R.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Javad Alizargar
- Research Center for Healthcare Industry Innovation, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (J.A.); Tel.: +98-71-36138447 (M.E.)
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10
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Altaf MA, Hao Y, Zhou G, Li X, Zhu J, Ma W, Wang Z, Bao W. Genome-wide identification of myeloblastosis gene family and its response to cadmium stress in Ipomoea aquatica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979988. [PMID: 36082298 PMCID: PMC9445626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The myeloblastosis (MYB) proteins perform key functions in mediating cadmium (Cd) tolerance of plants. Ipomoea aquatica has strong adaptability to Cd Stress, while the roles of the I. aquatica MYB gene family with respect to Cd stress are still unclear. Here, we identified a total of 183 MYB genes in the I. aquatica genome (laMYB), which were classified into 66 1R-type IaMYB, 112 2R-type IaMYB, four 3R-type IaMYB, and one 4R-type IaMYB based on the number of the MYB repeat in each gene. The analysis of phylogenetic tree indicated that most of IaMYB genes are associated with the diverse biological processes including defense, development and metabolism. Analysis of sequence features showed that the IaMYB genes within identical subfamily have the similar patterns of the motif distributions and gene structures. Analysis of gene duplication events revealed that the dispersed duplication (DSD) and whole-genome duplication (WGD) modes play vital roles in the expansion of the IaMYB gene family. Expression profiling manifests that approximately 20% of IaMYB genes had significant role in the roots of I. aquatica under Cd stress. Promoter profiling implied that the differentially expressed genes might be induced by environmental factors or inherent hormones and thereby execute their function in Cd response. Remarkably, the 2R-type IaMYB157 with abundant light-responsive element G-box and ABA-responsive element ABRE in its promoter region exhibited very strong response to Cd stress. Taken together, our findings provide an important candidate IaMYB gene for further deciphering the molecular regulatory mechanism in plant with respect to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Altaf
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guangzhen Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wuqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Wenlong Bao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenlong Bao,
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Molina L, Segura A. Biochemical and Metabolic Plant Responses toward Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals Present in Atmospheric Pollution. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2305. [PMID: 34834668 PMCID: PMC8622723 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic components of atmospheric particles. These pollutants induce a wide variety of responses in plants, leading to tolerance or toxicity. Their effects on plants depend on many different environmental conditions, not only the type and concentration of contaminant, temperature or soil pH, but also on the physiological or genetic status of the plant. The main detoxification process in plants is the accumulation of the contaminant in vacuoles or cell walls. PAHs are normally transformed by enzymatic plant machinery prior to conjugation and immobilization; heavy metals are frequently chelated by some molecules, with glutathione, phytochelatins and metallothioneins being the main players in heavy metal detoxification. Besides these detoxification mechanisms, the presence of contaminants leads to the production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the dynamic of ROS production and detoxification renders different outcomes in different scenarios, from cellular death to the induction of stress resistances. ROS responses have been extensively studied; the complexity of the ROS response and the subsequent cascade of effects on phytohormones and metabolic changes, which depend on local concentrations in different organelles and on the lifetime of each ROS species, allow the plant to modulate its responses to different environmental clues. Basic knowledge of plant responses toward pollutants is key to improving phytoremediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro Molina
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Calle Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;
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12
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Datta A, Gujre N, Gupta D, Agnihotri R, Mitra S. Application of enzymes as a diagnostic tool for soils as affected by municipal solid wastes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112169. [PMID: 33621849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the relationship between soil enzyme activities (SEAs) and heavy metals (HMs) without any amendment has rarely been conducted in soils contaminated with municipal solid wastes (MSW). Five soil enzymes [dehydrogenase (DHA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), urease (UR), and nitrate reductase (NR)] have been assessed for HMs bioremediation using Zea mays L. grown in unamended soils that were contaminated with different types of MSW. Pot experiment was conducted for two seasons with soils collected from seven different locations within the MSW site. Experimental soil samples included a control (CA), contaminated by brick kiln wastes (SA1), kitchen and household wastes (SA2), medical wastes (SA3), mixed wastes (SA4), glass wastes (SA5), and metal scrap wastes (SA6). Rhizospheric soils were collected after the harvest of each season to investigate the impact of HMs on SEAs and physicochemical properties of soil. The results revealed an increase in DHA, ALP, and NR activities by 89.30%, 58.03% and 21.98% in SA1. Likewise, enhanced activities for UR (28.26%) and ACP (19.6%) were observed in SA3 and SA5 respectively. Insignificant increase in the macronutrients and organic carbon (OC) were also noted. The increased microbial count and the relatively higher amount of organic matter (OM) in the rhizosphere indicated the role of OM in HMs immobilization. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that DHA and NR are the important soil enzymes, underscored by their active involvement in the C and N turnover in the soil. Likewise, correlation analysis showed that DHA and NR activities were positively correlated with copper (Cu) (0.90, p < 0.01; 0.88, p < 0.01), suggesting its participation as a cofactor in enzymatic activities. In contrast, DHA was negatively correlated with cadmium (Cd) (-0.48, p < 0 0.05). Finally, these results indicated that in the absence of exogenous nutrient amendment, the SEAs were governed by OC, available nitrogen (Avl. N), Cu and Cd respectively. The study also highlighted the need for extensive research on SEAs for its utilization as a bioindicator in various soil bioremediation and quality management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Datta
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), North Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Nihal Gujre
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), North Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Debaditya Gupta
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), North Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Richa Agnihotri
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - Sudip Mitra
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), North Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Humic + Fulvic acid mitigated Cd adverse effects on plant growth, physiology and biochemical properties of garden cress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8040. [PMID: 33850186 PMCID: PMC8044109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic and very mobile heavy metal that can be adsorbed and uptaken by plants in large quantities without any visible sign. Therefore, stabilization of Cd before uptake is crucial to the conservation of biodiversity and food safety. Owing to the high number of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups in their structure, humic substances form strong bonds with heavy metals which makes them perfect stabilizing agents. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of humic and fulvic acid (HA + FA) levels (0, 3500, 5250, and 7000 mg/L) on alleviation of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in garden cress (Lepidium sativum) contaminated with Cd (CdSO4.8H2O) (0, 100, and 200 Cd mg/kg) under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that, Cd stress had a negative effect on the growth of garden cress, decreased leaf fresh, leaf dry, root fresh and root dry weights, leaf relative water content (LRWC), and mineral content except for Cd, and increased the membrane permeability (MP) and enzyme (CAT, SOD and POD) activity. However, the HA + FA applications decreased the adverse effects of the Cd pollution. At 200 mg/kg Cd pollution, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L increased the leaf fresh, leaf dry, root fresh, root dry weights, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll reading value (CRV), MP, and LRWC values by 262%, 137%, 550%,133%, 92%, 104%, 34%, 537%, and 32% respectively, compared to the control. Although the highest H2O2, MDA, proline and sucrose values were obtained at 200 mg/L Cd pollution, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully alleviated the deleterious effects of Cd stress by decreasing H2O2, MDA, proline, and sucrose values by 66%, 68%, 70%, and 56%, respectively at 200 mg/kg Cd pollution level. HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully mitigated the negative impacts of Cd pollution by enhanced N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mn, Zn, and B by 75%, 23%, 84%, 87%, 40%, 85%, 143%, 1%, 65%, and 115%, respectively. In addition, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully reduced Cd uptake by 95% and Cl uptake by 80%. Considering the plant growth parameters, the best results were determined when HA + FA concentration was 7000 mg/L. We have shown that, it is critical to apply a humic substance with high percentage of FA, which was 10% in this study, to mitigate the adverse effects of heavy metal stress on plant growth. In conclusion, the application of HA + FA may be suggested as an effective solution for reducing the Cd uptake of the plants by stabilizing Cd in soil and preventing translocation of Cd from the roots of plant to its shoot and leaves.
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Ozyigit II, Arda L, Yalcin B, Yalcin IE, Ucar B, Hocaoglu-Ozyigit A. Lemna minor, a hyperaccumulator shows elevated levels of Cd accumulation and genomic template stability in binary application of Cd and Ni: a physiological and genetic approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1255-1269. [PMID: 33662215 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1892586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, to determine whether having potential to be used as hyperaccumulator for Cd and Ni, numerous experiments were designed for conducting assessments for physiological and genotoxic changes along with defining possible alterations on mineral nutrient status of Lemna minor L. by applying Cd-Ni binary treatments (0, 100, 200 and 400 µM). Our study revealed that there were increases in the concentrations of B, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, and Mn whereas decreases were noticed in the concentrations of Na and Zn and the levels of Ca were inversely proportional to Cd-Ni applications showing tendency to increase at the low concentration and to decrease at the high concentration. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analyses revealed that rather than band losses and new band formations, mostly intensity changes in the band profiles, and low polymorphism and high genomic template stability (GTS) were observed. Although, to date, L. minor was defined as an efficient hyperaccumulator/potential accumulator or competent phytoremedial agent by researchers. Our research revealed that L. minor showing high accumulation capability for Cd and having low polymorphism rate and high genomic template stability is a versatile hyperaccumulator, especially for Cd; therefore, highly recommended by us for decontamination of water polluted with Cd. NOVELTY STATEMENTMany studies have been focused on the effects of individual metal ions. However, heavy metal contaminants usually exist as their mixtures in natural aquatic environments. Especially, Cd and Ni coexist in industrial wastes.In this study, the accumulation properties of Lemna minor for both Cd and Ni were investigated and the effects of Cd and Ni on the bioaccumulation of B, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, K, Mn, Na, Pb and Zn in L. minor were also determined. This study furthermore aimed to assess the genotoxic effects of Cd and Ni found in being extended concentrations on DNA using the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ilker Ozyigit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Lutfi Arda
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Besiktas, Turkey
| | - Bestenur Yalcin
- Program of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Besiktas, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ertugrul Yalcin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Besiktas, Turkey
| | - Bihter Ucar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Hocaoglu-Ozyigit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Dawood MFA, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Sohag AAM, Abdel Latef AAH, Ragaey MM. Mechanistic Insight of Allantoin in Protecting Tomato Plants Against Ultraviolet C Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E11. [PMID: 33374845 PMCID: PMC7824269 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Allantoin ((AT) a purine metabolite)-mediated ultraviolet C (UVC) stress mitigation has not been studied to date. Here, we reported the physicochemical mechanisms of UVC-induced stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants, including an AT-directed mitigation strategy. UVC stress reduced plant growth and photosynthetic pigments. Heatmap and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that these toxic impacts were triggered by the greater oxidative damage and disruption of osmolyte homeostasis. However, pre-treatment of AT noticeably ameliorated the stress-induced toxicity as evident by enhanced chlorophyll, soluble protein, and soluble carbohydrate contents in AT-pretreated UVC-stressed plants relative to only stressed plants leading to the improvement of the plant growth and biomass. Moreover, AT pre-treatment enhanced endogenous AT and allantoate content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and the enzymatic antioxidants leading to reduced oxidative stress markers compared with only stressed plants, indicating the protective effect of AT against oxidative damage. Moreover, PCA displayed that the protective roles of AT strongly associate with the improved antioxidants. On the other hand, post-treatment of AT showed less efficacy in UVC stress mitigation relative to pre-treatment of AT. Overall, this finding illustrated that AT pre-treatment could be an effective way to counteract the UVC stress in tomato, and perhaps in other crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F. A. Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt;
| | - Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.T.-U.-A.); (A.A.M.S.)
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.T.-U.-A.); (A.A.M.S.)
| | - Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Ragaey
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, Al-Kharja 72511, Egypt;
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16
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Khan MN, Siddiqui MH, AlSolami MA, Alamri S, Hu Y, Ali HM, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Al-Ghamdi A. Crosstalk of hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide requires calcium to mitigate impaired photosynthesis under cadmium stress by activating defense mechanisms in Vigna radiata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:278-290. [PMID: 32987258 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) have been known to affect vast number of processes in plants under abiotic stresses. Also, calcium (Ca) works as a second messenger in plants, which underpins the abiotic stress-induced damage. However, the sequence of action of these signaling molecules against cadmium (Cd)-induced cellular oxidative damage remains unidentified. Therefore, we studied the synergistic actions and/or relationship of signaling molecules and Ca-dependent activation of tolerance mechanisms in Vigna radiata seedlings under Cd stress. The present study shows that exogenous Ca supplemented to Cd-stressed V. radiata seedlings reduced Cd accumulation and improved the activity of nitrate reductase, and L/D-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD/DCD) that resulted in improved synthesis of NO and H2S content. Application of Ca also elevated the level of cysteine (Cys) by upregulating the activity of Cys-synthesizing enzymes serine acetyltransferase and O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase in Cd-stressed seedlings. Maintenance of Cys pool under Cd stress contributed to improved H2S content which together with Ca and NO improved antioxidant enzymes and components of ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. All these collectively regulated the activity of NADPH oxidase and glycolate oxidase, resulting in the inhibition of Cd-induced generation of reactive oxygen species. The elevated level of Cys also assisted the Cd-stressed seedlings in maintaining GSH pool which retained normal functioning of AsA-GSH cycle and led to enhanced content of phytochelatins coupled with reduced Cd content. The positive effect of these events manifested in an enhanced rate of photosynthesis, carbohydrate accumulation, and growth attributes of the plants. On the contrary, addition of NO scavenger cPTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide], H2S scavenger HT (Hypotaurine) and Ca-chelator EGTA (Ethylene glycol-bis(b-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) again developed a condition similar to stress and positive effect of the signaling molecules was abolished. The findings of the study postulate that Ca in association with NO and H2S mitigates Cd-induced impairment and enhances the tolerance of the V. radiata plants against Cd stress. The results of the study also substantiate that Ca acts both upstream as well as downstream of NO signals whereas, H2S acts downstream of Ca and NO during Cd-stress responses of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Environmental Research Unit, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mazen A AlSolami
- Department of Biology, Environmental Research Unit, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanbo Hu
- Northeast Forestry University, 26# Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, 150040, PR China
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Dai M, Liu J, Zhang L, Tan Y, Yan J, Wang J, Nian H. Transcriptome analysis of Cryptococcus humicola under aluminum stress revealed the potential role of the cell wall in aluminum tolerance. Metallomics 2020; 12:1370-1379. [PMID: 32608423 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00042f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the most important limiting factors for crop yield in acidic soils. Bound Al gets converted into a toxic ionic state (Al3+) in acidic soil. Recent studies have shown that Al can act on the cell walls, cell membranes, organelles, and nuclei of microorganisms and affect substance and energy metabolism. To explore the gene expression at the transcriptional level under Al stress, we sequenced the transcriptome of Cryptococcus humicola, which is a highly Al-resistant yeast strain isolated from acidic soil and tolerates up to 200 mM Al3+. The screening conditions for genes from the control and experimental group were a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05 and log 2|FC| > 1. A total of 4760 genes were differentially expressed, among which 3066 were upregulated and 1694 were downregulated. These genes control glycometabolism, protein synthesis, lipid metabolism and signalling pathways. Eleven selected differentially expressed genes were further validated using qRT-PCR. The results suggested that Al stress leads to complex responses in C. humicola. The effects of Al on the β-d-glucan and mannose contents and Al accumulation in the cell wall were determined. With an increase in the Al treatment time and concentration, the contents of β-d-glucan and mannose showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Under Al treatment, the Al content of the cell wall also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. These results suggested that Al accumulates in the cell wall and the cell wall plays a vital role in the Al resistance of C. humicola. The differentially expressed genes provide a foundation for the further study of Al tolerance in C. humicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Dai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yong Tan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jinping Yan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Juyuan Wang
- Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Hongjuan Nian
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Khan MN, AlSolami MA, Basahi RA, Siddiqui MH, Al-Huqail AA, Abbas ZK, Siddiqui ZH, Ali HM, Khan F. Nitric oxide is involved in nano-titanium dioxide-induced activation of antioxidant defense system and accumulation of osmolytes under water-deficit stress in Vicia faba L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110152. [PMID: 31927357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nano-titanium dioxide (nTiO2) has been reported to improve tolerance of plants against different environmental stresses by modulating various physiological and biochemical processes. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to act as an important stress signaling molecule during plant responses to abiotic stresses. The present work was planned to investigate the involvement of endogenous NO in nTiO2-induced activation of defense system of fava bean (Vicia faba L.) plants under water-deficit stress (WDS) conditions. Water-suffered plants showed increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-) content coupled with increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation which adversely affected nitrate reductase (NR) activity, chlorophyll content and growth of the plants. However, application of 15 mg L-1 nTiO2 to stressed plants significantly induced NR activity and synthesis of NO which elevated enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense system of the stressed plants and suppressed the generation of H2O2 and O2- content, leakage of electrolytes, and lipid peroxidation. Application of nTiO2, in association with NO, also enhanced the accumulation of osmolytes (proline and glycine betaine) that assisted the stressed plants in osmotic adjustment as witnessed by improved hydration level of the plants. Involvement of NO in nTiO2-induced activation of defense system was confirmed with NO scavenger cPTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide] which caused recurrence of WDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mazen A AlSolami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh A Basahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid H Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheema Khan
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Huo K, Shangguan X, Xia Y, Shen Z, Chen C. Excess copper inhibits the growth of rice seedlings by decreasing uptake of nitrate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110105. [PMID: 31884325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) toxicity has a deleterious effect on plant growth, and different nitrogen (N) forms have significantly different impacts on the uptake and accumulation of heavy metals by plants. However, it remains unclear how excess Cu inhibits the growth of rice seedlings under different N forms. Here, we examined the mechanism of Cu toxicity inhibiting the growth of rice supplied with different N forms. Rice seedlings were grown in a nutrient solution with 0.81 mmol L-1 N, as ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-) and NH4+ + NO3-, or without N (0 N) in the presence of 0.2 μmol L-1 CuSO4 or 10 μmol L-1 CuSO4. The inhibition of shoot growth under excess Cu was more pronounced in plants that were supplied with NO3- than NH4+; such inhibition was not induced by higher Cu concentration in shoots. Applied with NO3- alone increased solution pH value up to 6.2, but supplied with NH4+ alone and NH4+ + NO3- decreased solution pH value to 4.0 and 4.2, respectively. The increment of solution pH reduced Cu concentration in shoots of rice supplied with NO3- alone. Copper toxicity decreased NO3- concentrations in rice seedlings that were supplied with NO3- alone but increased the NH4+ concentrations in plants that were supplied with NH4+ or NH4+ + NO3-. High Cu levels reduced the uptake of NO3- in roots by the analysis of net NO3- flux and NO3- assimilation enzymes activity. Under excess Cu, the transcript levels of OsNPF6.5, OsNPF2.2 and OsNPF2.4 genes were suppressed, while OsNRT2.1, OsNRT2.2 and OsNAR2.1 were raised in roots. In conclusion, Cu toxicity inhibits NO3- uptake and upward translocation by modulating the expression level of NO3- transporter genes. The reduction in the concentrations of NO3- and total N decreased shoot growth of rice seedlings when N was supplied as NO3-. Hence, rice seedlings supplied with NO3- had lower shoot biomass than those with NH4+ under Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiangchao Shangguan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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