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Shipman A, Tian M. Combined Use of Phenotype-Based and Genome-Informed Approaches Identified a Unique Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Isolate in Hawaii. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1305-1319. [PMID: 38038692 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-23-0257-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is a serious disease that threatens banana production worldwide. It is a long-standing problem in Hawaii, but previously, there was little knowledge of the causal pathogen. We isolated a strain of Foc, named Foc-UH, from a field experiencing the disease epidemic in Hawaii. Infection assays of a diverse panel of 26 banana clones, including varieties used for differentiating pathogen races and fruit production, revealed that Foc-UH has a race 1 pathogenic phenotype with an intermediate race 2 virulence and revealed the differential resistance of varieties to infection. Separate phylogenetic analyses using the barcoding regions of three nuclear genes, seven complete nuclear genes, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms within conserved whole-genome protein coding sequences placed Foc-UH into recently proposed taxonomic frameworks relevant to Foc and the F. oxysporum species complex. Screening of the 99.7% complete draft genome identified five secreted in xylem (SIX) gene homologs: SIX1d, SIX1f, SIX9a, SIX9b, and SIX13a. This profile is similar to that of several race 1 isolates except for the absence of SIX4 and SIX6. Foc-UH was morphologically dissimilar to the nearest related isolates. Altogether, this study identified a unique isolate that causes banana Fusarium wilt, which represents the first characterization of the causal pathogen in Hawaii. The findings and genomic resources generated in this study are expected to guide banana breeding and cultivar deployment in Hawaii and beyond and contribute to further understanding of the pathogenicity and evolutionary systematics of Foc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Shipman
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - Miaoying Tian
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822
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2
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Martínez-de la Parte E, Pérez-Vicente L, Torres DE, van Westerhoven A, Meijer HJG, Seidl MF, Kema GHJ. Genetic diversity of the banana Fusarium wilt pathogen in Cuba and across Latin America and the Caribbean. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16636. [PMID: 38783572 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of bananas (FWB) is a severe plant disease that leads to substantial losses in banana production worldwide. It remains a major concern for Cuban banana cultivation. The disease is caused by members of the soil-borne Fusarium oxysporum species complex. However, the genetic diversity among Fusarium species infecting bananas in Cuba has remained largely unexplored. In our comprehensive survey, we examined symptomatic banana plants across all production zones in the country, collecting 170 Fusarium isolates. Leveraging genotyping-by-sequencing and whole-genome comparisons, we investigated the genetic diversity within these isolates and compared it with a global Fusarium panel. Notably, typical FWB symptoms were observed in Bluggoe cooking bananas and Pisang Awak subgroups across 14 provinces. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that F. purpurascens, F. phialophorum, and F. tardichlamydosporum are responsible for FWB in Cuba, with F. tardichlamydosporum dominating the population. Furthermore, we identified between five and seven distinct genetic clusters, with F. tardichlamydosporum isolates forming at least two subgroups. This finding underscores the high genetic diversity of Fusarium spp. contributing to FWB in the Americas. Our study sheds light on the population genetic structure and diversity of the FWB pathogen in Cuba and the broader Latin American and Caribbean regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Martínez-de la Parte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Havana, Cuba
| | - Luis Pérez-Vicente
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Havana, Cuba
| | - David E Torres
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk van Westerhoven
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harold J G Meijer
- BU Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael F Seidl
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Tzean Y, Wang KT, Gamboa Chen E, Wang HW, Wu TM, Liu CA. Antioxidant Responses and Growth Impairment in Cucurbita moschata Infected by Meloidogyne incognita. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:267. [PMID: 38666879 PMCID: PMC11048190 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata), valued for their nutritional, medicinal, and economic significance, face threats from Meloidogyne incognita, a critical plant-parasitic nematode. This study extensively examines the impact of M. incognita on the growth, physiological, and biochemical responses of C. moschata. We demonstrate that M. incognita infection leads to significant growth impairment in C. moschata, evidenced by reduced plant height and biomass, along with the significant development of nematode-induced galls. Concurrently, a pronounced oxidative stress response was observed, characterized by elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide and a significant increase in antioxidant defense mechanisms, including the upregulation of key antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and peroxidase) and the accumulation of glutathione. These responses highlight a dynamic interaction between the plant and the nematode, wherein C. moschata activates a robust antioxidant defense to mitigate the oxidative stress induced by nematode infection. Despite these defenses, the persistence of growth impairment underscores the challenge posed by M. incognita to the agricultural production of C. moschata. Our findings contribute to the understanding of plant-nematode interactions, paving the way for the development of strategies aimed at enhancing resistance in Cucurbitaceae crops against nematode pests, thus supporting sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Tzean
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
| | - Kuang-Teng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (T.-M.W.)
| | - Elena Gamboa Chen
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Wang
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (T.-M.W.)
| | - Chia-An Liu
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (E.G.C.); (H.-W.W.); (C.-A.L.)
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4
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Martínez de la Parte E, Pérez-Vicente L, García-Bastidas F, Bermúdez-Caraballoso I, Schnabel S, Meijer HJG, Kema GHJ. The Vulnerability of Cuban Banana Production to Fusarium Wilt Caused by Tropical Race 4. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:111-118. [PMID: 37311735 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0127-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bananas are major agricultural commodities in Cuba. One of the main constraints of banana production worldwide is Fusarium wilt of banana. Recent outbreaks in Colombia, Perú, and Venezuela have raised widespread concern in Latin America due to the potential devastating impact on the sustainability of banana production, food security, and livelihoods of millions of people in the region. Here, we phenotyped 18 important Cuban banana and plantain varieties with two Fusarium strains-Tropical Race 4 (TR4) and Race 1-under greenhouse conditions. These varieties represent 72.8% of the national banana acreage in Cuba and are also widely distributed in Latin America and the Caribbean region. A broad range of disease responses from resistant to very susceptible was observed against Race 1. On the contrary, not a single banana variety was resistant to TR4. These results underscore that TR4 potentially threatens nearly 56% of the contemporary Cuban banana production area, which is planted with susceptible and very susceptible varieties, and call for a preemptive evaluation of new varieties obtained in the national breeding program and the strengthening of quarantine measures to prevent the introduction of TR4 into the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Martínez de la Parte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Cuba
| | - Luis Pérez-Vicente
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Cuba
| | | | - Idalmis Bermúdez-Caraballoso
- Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas (IBP), Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Ministry of High Education (MES), Cuba
| | - Sabine Schnabel
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold J G Meijer
- Wageningen Research, Business Unit Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
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5
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Chen A, Sun J, Viljoen A, Mostert D, Xie Y, Mangila L, Bothma S, Lyons R, Hřibová E, Christelová P, Uwimana B, Amah D, Pearce S, Chen N, Batley J, Edwards D, Doležel J, Crisp P, Brown AF, Martin G, Yahiaoui N, D'Hont A, Coin L, Swennen R, Aitken EAB. Genetic Mapping, Candidate Gene Identification and Marker Validation for Host Plant Resistance to the Race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Using Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis. Pathogens 2023; 12:820. [PMID: 37375510 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana is a devastating disease that has decimated banana production worldwide. Host resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense (Foc), the causal agent of this disease, is genetically dissected in this study using two Musa acuminata ssp. Malaccensis segregating populations, segregating for Foc Tropical (TR4) and Subtropical (STR4) race 4 resistance. Marker loci and trait association using 11 SNP-based PCR markers allowed the candidate region to be delimited to a 12.9 cM genetic interval corresponding to a 959 kb region on chromosome 3 of 'DH-Pahang' reference assembly v4. Within this region, there was a cluster of pattern recognition receptors, namely leucine-rich repeat ectodomain containing receptor-like protein kinases, cysteine-rich cell-wall-associated protein kinases, and leaf rust 10 disease-resistance locus receptor-like proteins, positioned in an interspersed arrangement. Their transcript levels were rapidly upregulated in the resistant progenies but not in the susceptible F2 progenies at the onset of infection. This suggests that one or several of these genes may control resistance at this locus. To confirm the segregation of single-gene resistance, we generated an inter-cross between the resistant parent 'Ma850' and a susceptible line 'Ma848', to show that the STR4 resistance co-segregated with marker '28820' at this locus. Finally, an informative SNP marker 29730 allowed the locus-specific resistance to be assessed in a collection of diploid and polyploid banana plants. Of the 60 lines screened, 22 lines were predicted to carry resistance at this locus, including lines known to be TR4-resistant, such as 'Pahang', 'SH-3362', 'SH-3217', 'Ma-ITC0250', and 'DH-Pahang/CIRAD 930'. Additional screening in the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture's collection suggests that the dominant allele is common among the elite 'Matooke' NARITA hybrids, as well as in other triploid or tetraploid hybrids derived from East African highland bananas. Fine mapping and candidate gene identification will allow characterization of molecular mechanisms underlying the TR4 resistance. The markers developed in this study can now aid the marker-assisted selection of TR4 resistance in breeding programs around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jiaman Sun
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- School of Life Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Altus Viljoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Diane Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Yucong Xie
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA
| | - Leroy Mangila
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Sheryl Bothma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Rebecca Lyons
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Eva Hřibová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Christelová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Brigitte Uwimana
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
| | - Delphine Amah
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan PMB 5320, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Pearce
- Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Ning Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Applied Bioinformatics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Crisp
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Allan F Brown
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania
| | - Guillaume Martin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Nabila Yahiaoui
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Angelique D'Hont
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Lachlan Coin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rony Swennen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A B Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
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6
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Liu S, Tao C, Zhang L, Wang Z, Xiong W, Xiang D, Sheng O, Wang J, Li R, Shen Z, Li C, Shen Q, Kowalchuk GA. Plant pathogen resistance is mediated by recruitment of specific rhizosphere fungi. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:931-942. [PMID: 37037925 PMCID: PMC10203115 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial interactions between plants and rhizosphere microorganisms are key determinants of plant health with the potential to enhance the sustainability of agricultural practices. However, pinpointing the mechanisms that determine plant disease protection is often difficult due to the complexity of microbial and plant-microbe interactions and their links with the plant's own defense systems. Here, we found that the resistance level of different banana varieties was correlated with the plant's ability to stimulate specific fungal taxa in the rhizosphere that are able to inhibit the Foc TR4 pathogen. These fungal taxa included members of the genera Trichoderma and Penicillium, and their growth was stimulated by plant exudates such as shikimic acid, D-(-)-ribofuranose, and propylene glycol. Furthermore, amending soils with these metabolites enhanced the resistance of a susceptible variety to Foc TR4, with no effect observed for the resistant variety. In total, our findings suggest that the ability to recruit pathogen-suppressive fungal taxa may be an important component in determining the level of pathogen resistance exhibited by plant varieties. This perspective opens up new avenues for improving plant health, in which both plant and associated microbial properties are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Tao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Lingyin Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Wu Xiong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Dandan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Key laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research of Guangdong Province, Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ou Sheng
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Key laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research of Guangdong Province, Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiabao Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Rong Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zongzhuan Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Chunyu Li
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Key laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research of Guangdong Province, Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - George A Kowalchuk
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Usman S, Ge X, Xu Y, Qin Q, Xie J, Wang B, Jin C, Fang W. Loss of Phosphomannose Isomerase Impairs Growth, Perturbs Cell Wall Integrity, and Reduces Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense on Banana Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040478. [PMID: 37108932 PMCID: PMC10145770 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) causes Fusarium wilt of banana, necessitating urgent measures to control this disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Foc TR4 virulence remain elusive. Phosphomannose isomerase is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of GDP mannose, an important precursor of fungal cell walls. In this study, two phosphomannose isomerases were identified in the Foc TR4 genome, of which only Focpmi1 was highly expressed throughout all developmental stages. Generated null mutants in Foc TR4 showed that only the ΔFocpmi1 mutant required exogenous mannose for growth, indicating that Focpmi1 is the key enzyme involved in GDP mannose biosynthesis. The Focpmi1 deficient strain was unable to grow without exogenous mannose and exhibited impaired growth under stress conditions. The mutant had reduced chitin content in its cell wall, rendering it vulnerable to cell wall stresses. Transcriptomic analysis revealed up- and down-regulation of several genes involved in host cell wall degradation and physiological processes due to the loss of Focpmi1. Furthermore, Focpmi1 was also found to be crucial for Foc TR4 infection and virulence, making it a potential antifungal target to address the threats posed by Foc TR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Usman
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Xinwei Ge
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Yueqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qijian Qin
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenxia Fang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
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8
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van Westerhoven AC, Meijer HJG, Houdijk J, Martínez de la Parte E, Matabuana EL, Seidl MF, Kema GHJ. Dissemination of Fusarium Wilt of Banana in Mozambique Caused by Fusarium odoratissimum Tropical Race 4. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:628-632. [PMID: 35984393 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-22-1576-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is a serious soil-borne fungal disease. In the previous century, FWB already destroyed Gros Michel-based banana cultures in Central America, and currently, the disease threatens all major banana-producing regions of the world. The causal agents of these epidemics, however, are diverse. Gros Michel was infected by a wide range of Fusarium species, the so-called Race 1 strains, whereas the contemporary Cavendish-based cultures are affected by Fusarium odoratissimum, colloquially called Tropical Race 4 (TR4). TR4 was reported in Mozambique on two commercial banana farms in 2013, but no incursions were found outside the farm boundaries in 2015, suggesting that the disease was under control. Here we report the presence of TR4 outside of these farm boundaries. We obtained fungal samples from 13 banana plants in smallholder and roadside plantings at various locations throughout northern Mozambique. These samples tested positive for TR4 by molecular diagnostics and in greenhouse pathogenicity assays. The results were confirmed with reisolations, thereby completing Koch's postulates. To study the diversity of TR4 isolates in Mozambique, we selected five samples for whole-genome sequencing. Comparison with a global collection of TR4 samples revealed very little genetic variation, indicating that the fungus is clonally spreading in Mozambique. Furthermore, isolates from Mozambique are clearly genetically separated from other geographic incursions, and thus we cannot trace the origin of TR4 in Mozambique. Nevertheless, our data demonstrates the dissemination of TR4 in Mozambique, underscoring the failure of disease management strategies. This threatens African banana production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk C van Westerhoven
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harold J G Meijer
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Houdijk
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Michael F Seidl
- Department of Biology, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Martínez G, Olivares BO, Rey JC, Rojas J, Cardenas J, Muentes C, Dawson C. The Advance of Fusarium Wilt Tropical Race 4 in Musaceae of Latin America and the Caribbean: Current Situation. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020277. [PMID: 36839549 PMCID: PMC9963102 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (syn. Fusarium odoratissimum) (Foc TR4) causes vascular wilt in Musaceae plants and is considered the most lethal for these crops. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), it was reported for the first time in Colombia (2019), later in Peru (2021), and recently declared in Venezuela (2023). This work aimed to analyze the evolution of Foc TR4 in Musaceae in LAC between 2018 and 2022. This perspective contains a selection of topics related to Foc TR4 in LAC that address and describe (i) the threat of Foc TR4 in LAC, (ii) a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production of Foc TR4 in LAC, (iii) the current situation of Foc TR4 in Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela, (iv) medium-term prospects in LAC member countries, and (v) export trade and local food security. In this study, the presence of Foc TR4 in Venezuela and the possible consequences of the production of Musaceae in the long term were reported for the first time. In conclusion, TR4 is a major threat to banana production in Latin America and the world, and it is important to take measures to control the spread of the fungus and minimize its impact on the banana industry. It is important to keep working on the control of Foc TR4, which requires the participation of the local and international industry, researchers, and consumers, among others, to prevent the disappearance of bananas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA-CENIAP), Avenida Universidad vía El Limón, Maracay 02105, Venezuela
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (B.O.O.)
| | - Barlin O. Olivares
- Grupo de Investigación en Gestión de la Biodiversidad, Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Carretera Nacional IV, km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (B.O.O.)
| | - Juan Carlos Rey
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA-CENIAP), Avenida Universidad vía El Limón, Maracay 02105, Venezuela
| | - Juan Rojas
- Programa Nacional de Frutales, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), La Molina 15024, Peru
| | - Jaime Cardenas
- FAO Plant Protection International Consultant, Manizales 170004, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muentes
- Agencia de Regulación y Control Fito y Zoosanitario (AGROCALIDAD), Quito 170516, Ecuador
| | - Carolina Dawson
- Center for International Cooperation in Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- GECO, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, TA B-26, 34398 Montpellier, France
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10
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Parlamas S, Goetze PK, Humpal D, Kurouski D, Jo YK. Raman Spectroscopy Enables Confirmatory Diagnostics of Fusarium Wilt in Asymptomatic Banana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:922254. [PMID: 35837469 PMCID: PMC9275401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.922254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC) causes Fusarium wilt, one of the most concerning diseases in banana (Musa spp.), compromising global banana production. There are limited curative management options after FOC infections, and early Fusarium wilt symptoms are similar with other abiotic stress factors such as drought. Therefore, finding a reliable and timely form of early detection and proper diagnostics is critical for disease management for FOC. In this study, Portable Raman spectroscopy (handheld Raman spectrometer equipped with 830 nm laser source) was applied for developing a confirmatory diagnostic tool for early infection of FOC on asymptomatic banana. Banana plantlets were inoculated with FOC; uninoculated plants exposed to a drier condition were also prepared compared to well-watered uninoculated control plants. Subsequent Raman readings from the plant leaves, without damaging or destroying them, were performed weekly. The conditions of biotic and abiotic stresses on banana were modeled to examine and identify specific Raman spectra suitable for diagnosing FOC infection. Our results showed that Raman spectroscopy could be used to make highly accurate diagnostics of FOC at the asymptomatic stage. Based on specific Raman spectra at vibrational bands 1,155, 1,184, and 1,525 cm-1, Raman spectroscopy demonstrated nearly 100% accuracy of FOC diagnosis at 40 days after inoculation, differentiating FOC-infected plants from uninoculated plants that were well-watered or exposed to water deficit condition. This study first reported that Raman spectroscopy can be used as a rapid and non-destructive tool for banana Fusarium wilt diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Parlamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Paul K. Goetze
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dillon Humpal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Young-Ki Jo
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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11
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Salacinas M, Meijer HJG, Mamora SH, Corcolon B, Mirzadi Gohari A, Ghimire B, Kema GHJ. Efficacy of Disinfectants Against Tropical Race 4 Causing Fusarium Wilt in Cavendish Bananas. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:966-974. [PMID: 34546777 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1814-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by a suite of Fusarium fungi, is among the most devastating plant diseases. The iconic FWB epidemic in the previous century lasted decades and was caused by so-called Race 1 strains that wiped out the dominant 'Gros Michel' banana plantations across Central America. Eventually, it was stopped because the Race 1-resistant 'Cavendish' banana variety replaced 'Gros Michel', which dominates global production (>50%) and trade (>95%). However, presently, the so-called Tropical Race 4 (TR4) threatens plantations of 'Cavendish' and many other banana varieties around the globe. Prevention is the first line of defense against the spread of TR4. Therefore, many disinfection units are installed to prevent the entry of TR4 in banana plantations. These foot and tire baths are filled with disinfectants, but limited knowledge is available on their efficacy. In this project, we evaluated 13 disinfectants commonly used in the Philippines. Our results show that the efficacy of these products depends on the type of fungal spores, the exposure time, and the replenishment frequency of the disinfection units. The resting spores of TR4 were resistant to all but one - unfortunately corrosive - disinfectant. Furthermore, we show that the actual contact time with disinfectants was far below the thresholds determined in laboratory experiments. Finally, muddy disinfection units reduced the efficacy of disinfectants. Taken together, we conclude that practices are inadequate to prevent the dissemination of TR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricar Salacinas
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
- Department of Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Harold J G Meijer
- Department of Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Herbert Mamora
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Southeastern Philippines, Davao City, Davao del Sur 8000, Philippines
| | - Benny Corcolon
- Research, Information, Compliance Department, Tadeco Inc., Panabo, Davao del Norte 8105, Philippines
| | - Amir Mirzadi Gohari
- Department of Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bikal Ghimire
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
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12
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Geographical Distribution and Genetic Diversity of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Fungus in Laos and Vietnam. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8010046. [PMID: 35049986 PMCID: PMC8781582 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to global banana production. The tropical race 4 (TR4) variant of Foc is a highly virulent form with a large host range, and severely affects Cavendish bananas. Foc TR4 was recently observed within the Greater Mekong Subregion, after Chinese private companies expanded Cavendish production to the region. In this study, extensive surveys conducted across Laos and Vietnam show that Foc TR4 is still mainly constricted to the northern regions of these countries and is limited to Cavendish cultivation settings. In Laos, Foc TR4 is associated with large-scale Cavendish plantations owned by or involved with Chinese companies through which infected planting material could have been imported. In Vietnam, mostly small-holder Cavendish farmers and backyard gardens were affected by Foc TR4. In Vietnam, no direct link is found with Chinese growers, and it is expected the pathogen mainly spreads through local and regional movement of infected planting materials. Foc TR4 was not recorded on banana cultivars other than Cavendish. The extensively cultivated 'Pisang Awak' cultivar was solely infected by VCGs belonging to Foc race 1 and 2, with a high occurrence of VCG 0123 across Laos, and of VCG 0124/5 in Vietnam. Substantial diversity of Foc VCGs was recorded (VCGs 0123, 0124/5, 01218 and 01221) from northern to southern regions in both countries, suggesting that Fusarium wilt is well established in the region. Interviews with farmers indicated that the local knowledge of Fusarium wilt epidemiology and options for disease management was limited. Clear communication efforts on disease epidemiology and management with emphasis on biosecurity practices need to be improved in order to prevent further spread of Foc TR4 to mixed variety smallholder settings.
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13
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Ochieno DM. Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 is a non-beneficial endophyte that interacts with Radopholus similis in a wilt disease complex of banana. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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14
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Bajerski F, Nagel M, Overmann J. Microbial occurrence in liquid nitrogen storage tanks: a challenge for cryobanking? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7635-7650. [PMID: 34559283 PMCID: PMC8460408 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Modern biobanks maintain valuable living materials for medical diagnostics, reproduction medicine, and conservation purposes. To guarantee high quality during long-term storage and to avoid metabolic activities, cryostorage is often conducted in the N2 vapour phase or in liquid nitrogen (LN) at temperatures below − 150 °C. One potential risk of cryostorage is microbial cross contamination in the LN storage tanks. The current review summarises data on the occurrence of microorganisms that may compromise the safety and quality of biological materials during long-term storage. We assess the potential for the microbial contamination of LN in storage tanks holding different biological materials based on the detection by culture-based and molecular approaches. The samples themselves, the LN, the human microbiome, and the surrounding environment are possible routes of contamination and can cause cross contaminations via the LN phase. In general, the results showed that LN is typically not the source of major contaminations and only a few studies provided evidence for a risk of microbial cross contamination. So far, culture-based and culture-independent techniques detected only low amounts of microbial cells, indicating that cross contamination may occur at a very low frequency. To further minimise the potential risk of microbial cross contaminations, we recommend reducing the formation of ice crystals in cryotanks that can entrap environmental microorganisms and using sealed or second sample packing. A short survey demonstrated the awareness for microbial contaminations of storage containers among different culture collections. Although most participants consider the risk of cross contaminations in LN storage tanks as low, they prevent potential contaminations by using sealed devices and − 150 °C freezers. It is concluded that the overall risk for cross contaminations in biobanks is relatively low when following standard operating procedures (SOPs). We evaluated the potential sources in detail and summarised our results in a risk assessment spreadsheet which can be used for the quality management of biobanks. Key points • Identification of potential contaminants and their sources in LN storage tanks. • Recommendations to reduce this risk of LN storage tank contamination. • Development of a risk assessment spreadsheet to support quality management. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-021-11531-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas Bajerski
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Manuela Nagel
- Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Joerg Overmann
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Braunschweig University of Technology, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
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15
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Portal González N, Soler A, Ribadeneira C, Solano J, Portieles R, Herrera Isla L, Companioni B, Borras-Hidalgo O, Santos Bermudez R. Phytotoxic Metabolites Produce by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 2. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:629395. [PMID: 34017315 PMCID: PMC8130618 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.629395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Banana is a major tropical fruit crop but banana production worldwide is seriously threatened due to Fusarium wilt. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana (also referred as Panama disease) is an asexual, soil inhabiting facultative parasite. Foc isolates can be classified into three races that are not defined genetically, but for their pathogenicity to different banana cultivars. Despite mycotoxins being some of the best studied virulence factors of phytopathogenic fungi and these have been useful for the prediction of Foc virulence on banana plants, toxins produced by Foc race 2 strains have not been previously identified. The aim of this contribution was to identify the phytotoxic metabolites closely related to banana wilt caused by a Foc race 2 strain. We used an in vitro bioassay on detached banana leaves to evaluate the specificity of the microbial culture filtrates before a partial purification and further identification of Foc race 2 phytotoxins. A 29-day-old host-specific culture filtrate was obtained but specificity of culture filtrate was unrecovered after partial purification. The non-specific phytotoxins were characterized as fusaric acid, beauvericin, and enniatin A. Whereas some, if not all, of these phytotoxins are important virulence factors, a proteinaceous fraction from the specific 29-day-old culture filtrate protected the leaves of the resistant banana cultivar from damage caused by such phytotoxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Portal González
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres de Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas, Ecuador
| | - A Soler
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Réunion), Saint-Pierre, Réunion
| | - C Ribadeneira
- Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guaranda, Guaranda, Ecuador
| | - J Solano
- Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guaranda, Guaranda, Ecuador
| | - Roxana Portieles
- Joint R&D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yota Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Rizhao, China
| | - L Herrera Isla
- Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - B Companioni
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Orlando Borras-Hidalgo
- Joint R&D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yota Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Rizhao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Ramon Santos Bermudez
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres de Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas, Ecuador
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16
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Rocha ADJ, Soares JMDS, Nascimento FDS, Santos AS, Amorim VBDO, Ferreira CF, Haddad F, dos Santos-Serejo JA, Amorim EP. Improvements in the Resistance of the Banana Species to Fusarium Wilt: A Systematic Review of Methods and Perspectives. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:249. [PMID: 33806239 PMCID: PMC8066237 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC), tropical race 4 (TR4), causes Fusarium wilt of banana, a pandemic that has threatened the cultivation and export trade of this fruit. This article presents the first systematic review of studies conducted in the last 10 years on the resistance of Musa spp. to Fusarium wilt. We evaluated articles deposited in different academic databases, using a standardized search string and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We note that the information on the sequencing of the Musa sp. genome is certainly a source for obtaining resistant cultivars, mainly by evaluating the banana transcriptome data after infection with FOC. We also showed that there are sources of resistance to FOC race 1 (R1) and FOC TR4 in banana germplasms and that these data are the basis for obtaining resistant cultivars, although the published data are still scarce. In contrast, the transgenics approach has been adopted frequently. We propose harmonizing methods and protocols to facilitate the comparison of information obtained in different research centers and efforts based on global cooperation to cope with the disease. Thus, we offer here a contribution that may facilitate and direct research towards the production of banana resistant to FOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelita de Jesus Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | - Julianna Matos da Silva Soares
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | - Fernanda dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.J.R.); (J.M.d.S.S.); (F.d.S.N.)
| | | | | | - Claudia Fortes Ferreira
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
| | - Fernando Haddad
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
| | | | - Edson Perito Amorim
- Embrapa Cassava and Fruit, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, Bahia, Brazil; (V.B.d.O.A.); (C.F.F.); (F.H.); (J.A.d.S.-S.)
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17
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Constantin ME, Fokkens L, de Sain M, Takken FLW, Rep M. Number of Candidate Effector Genes in Accessory Genomes Differentiates Pathogenic From Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum Strains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:761740. [PMID: 34912358 PMCID: PMC8666634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.761740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) is widely known for causing wilt disease in over 100 different plant species. Endophytic interactions of Fo with plants are much more common, and strains pathogenic on one plant species can even be beneficial endophytes on another species. However, endophytic and beneficial interactions have been much less investigated at the molecular level, and the genetic basis that underlies endophytic versus pathogenic behavior is unknown. To investigate this, 44 Fo strains from non-cultivated Australian soils, grass roots from Spain, and tomato stems from United States were characterized genotypically by whole genome sequencing, and phenotypically by examining their ability to symptomlessly colonize tomato plants and to confer resistance against Fusarium Wilt. Comparison of the genomes of the validated endophytic Fo strains with those of 102 pathogenic strains revealed that both groups have similar genomes sizes, with similar amount of accessory DNA. However, although endophytic strains can harbor homologs of known effector genes, they have typically fewer effector gene candidates and associated non-autonomous transposons (mimps) than pathogenic strains. A pathogenic 'lifestyle' is associated with extended effector gene catalogs and a set of "host specific" effectors. No candidate effector genes unique to endophytic strains isolated from the same plant species were found, implying little or no host-specific adaptation. As plant-beneficial interactions were observed to be common for the tested Fo isolates, the propensity for endophytism and the ability to confer biocontrol appears to be a predominant feature of this organism. These findings allow prediction of the lifestyle of a Fo strain based on its genome sequence as a potential pathogen or as a harmless or even beneficial endophyte by determining its effectorome and mimp number.
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18
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Ahmad F, Martawi NM, Poerba YS, de Jong H, Schouten H, Kema GHJ. Genetic mapping of Fusarium wilt resistance in a wild banana Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis accession. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:3409-3418. [PMID: 32918589 PMCID: PMC7567712 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Banana is an important fruit and food crop, but is threatened by Fusarium wilt, one of the most devastating soil-borne fungal diseases. Only host resistance facilitates banana cultivation in infested soils around the world, but the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is unknown. We selfed a heterozygous wild banana accession Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis (Mam, AA, 2n = 22) to generate a mapping population and to investigate the inheritance of resistance to Race 1 and tropical race 4 (TR4) that cause FWB. Phenotyping (N = 217) revealed segregation for resistance, and genotyping by sequencing resulted in 2802 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNPs) that were used for genetic mapping. Combined analyses of these data showed that a single dominant resistance locus controls resistance to Race 1 and maps near the distal part of chromosome 10. Recombinants, together with the position of the putative resistance gene, were further analysed using graphical genotyping, which retrieved markers flanking a 360 kb genetic region that associates with Race 1 resistance. The region contains 165 putative genes on the reference genome, including 19 leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase-like genes. At the same position and phase, we also identified a QTL for TR4 resistance, showing that the locus for resistance against Race 1 provided partial resistance to TR4. However, this effect was far less significant and hence not included in the mapping. These data support the breeding of new banana varieties with resistance to Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajarudin Ahmad
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nani M Martawi
- Department Biology Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Kampus 2 Untirta, Jl Ciwaru Raya No. 25, Kota Serang, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Yuyu S Poerba
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Hans de Jong
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Schouten
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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19
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Towards consensus on the transfer of Fusarium oxysporum V5w2-enhanced tissue culture banana technology to farmers through public-private partnerships in East Africa. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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20
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Staver C, Pemsl DE, Scheerer L, Perez Vicente L, Dita M. Ex Ante Assessment of Returns on Research Investments to Address the Impact of Fusarium Wilt Tropical Race 4 on Global Banana Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:844. [PMID: 32733497 PMCID: PMC7357546 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spread of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), has been projected to reach 17% of the global banana-growing area by 2040 equaling 36 million tons of production worth over US$10 billion. This potential loss has fueled (inter)national discussions about the best responses to protect production and small-scale growers' livelihoods. As part of a multi-crop ex ante assessment of returns on research investments conducted by the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers, and Bananas (RTB) from 2012 to 2016, four FWB research options were assessed: (i) improved exclusion, surveillance, eradication, and containment (ESEC) measures to reduce Foc TR4 spread, (ii) integrated crop and disease management (ICDM) to facilitate production of partially FWB resistant cultivars on Foc-infested soils, (iii) conventional breeding of FWB-resistant cultivars (CBRC), and (iv) genetically modified (GM) FWB-resistant cultivars (GMRC). Building on a risk index (Foc scale) predicting the initial occurrence and internal spread of Foc TR4 in 29 countries, an economic surplus (ES) model, cost-benefit analysis, and poverty impact simulations were used to assess impact under two adoption scenarios. All options yield positive net present values (NPVs) and internal rates of return (IRRs) above the standard 10% rate. For the conservative scenario with 50% reduced adoption, IRRs were still 30% for ICDM, 20% for CBRC, and 28% for GMRC. ESEC has IRRs between 11 and 14%, due to higher costs of capacity strengthening, on-going surveillance, farmer awareness campaigns, and implementation of farm biosecurity practices, which could be effective for other diseases and benefit multiple crops. The research investments would reach between 2.7 million (GMRC) and 14 million (ESEC) small-scale beneficiaries across Asia/Pacific, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America/Caribbean. The options varied in their potential to reduce poverty, with the largest poverty reduction resulting from CBRC with 850,000 and ESEC with 807,000 persons lifted out of poverty (higher adoption scenario). In the discussion, we address the data needs for more fine-grained calculations to better guide research investment decisions. Our results show the potential of public investments in concerted research addressing the spread of Foc TR4 to yield high returns and substantially slow down disease spread.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Dita
- Bioversity International, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
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Liu G, Zeng H, Li X, Wei Y, Shi H. Functional Analysis of MaWRKY24 in Transcriptional Activation of Autophagy-Related Gene 8f/g and Plant Disease Susceptibility to Soil-Borne Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040264. [PMID: 31775365 PMCID: PMC6963284 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKYs play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Although MaWRKYs have been comprehensively identified in the banana (Musa acuminata), their in vivo roles and direct targets remain elusive. In this study, a transcript profile analysis indicated the common regulation of MaWRKYs transcripts in response to fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Among these MaWRKYs, MaWRKY24 was chosen for further analysis due to its higher expression in response to Foc. The specific nucleus subcellular location and transcription activated activity on W-box indicated that MaWRKY24 was a transcription factor. The correlation analysis of gene expression indicated that MaWRKYs were closely related to autophagy-associated genes (MaATG8s). Further analysis showed that MaWRKY24 directly regulated the transcriptional level of MaATG8f/g through binding to W-box in their promoters, as evidenced by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), dual luciferase assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In addition, overexpression of MaWRKY24 and MaATG8f/g resulted in disease susceptibility to Foc, which might be related to the activation of autophagic activity. This study highlights the positive regulation of MaWRKY24 in transcriptional activation of autophagy-related gene 8f/g in the banana and their common roles in disease susceptibility to soil-borne Foc, indicating the effects of MaWRKY24 on autophagy and disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haitao Shi
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-898-66160721
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