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Villagrana R, López-Marqués RL. Plant P4-ATPase lipid flippases: How are they regulated? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119599. [PMID: 37741575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
P4 ATPases are active membrane transporters that translocate lipids towards the cytosolic side of the biological membranes in eukaryotic cells. Due to their essential cellular functions, P4 ATPase activity is expected to be tightly controlled, but fundamental aspects of the regulation of plant P4 ATPases remain unstudied. In this mini-review, our knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of yeast and mammalian P4 ATPases will be summarized, and sequence comparison and structural modelling will be used as a basis to discuss the putative regulation of the corresponding plant lipid transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Villagrana
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Rosa Laura López-Marqués
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Kotlova ER, Senik SV, Pozhvanov GA, Prokopiev IA, Boldyrev IA, Manzhieva BS, Amigud EY, Puzanskiy RK, Khakulova AA, Serebryakov EB. Uptake and Metabolic Conversion of Exogenous Phosphatidylcholines Depending on Their Acyl Chain Structure in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:89. [PMID: 38203257 PMCID: PMC10778594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi and plants are not only capable of synthesizing the entire spectrum of lipids de novo but also possess a well-developed system that allows them to assimilate exogenous lipids. However, the role of structure in the ability of lipids to be absorbed and metabolized has not yet been characterized in detail. In the present work, targeted lipidomics of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), in parallel with morphological phenotyping, allowed for the identification of differences in the effects of PC molecular species introduced into the growth medium, in particular, typical bacterial saturated (14:0/14:0, 16:0/16:0), monounsaturated (16:0/18:1), and typical for fungi and plants polyunsaturated (16:0/18:2, 18:2/18:2) species, on Arabidopsis thaliana. For comparison, the influence of an artificially synthesized (1,2-di-(3-(3-hexylcyclopentyl)-propanoate)-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, which is close in structure to archaeal lipids, was studied. The phenotype deviations stimulated by exogenous lipids included changes in the length and morphology of both the roots and leaves of seedlings. According to lipidomics data, the main trends in response to exogenous lipid exposure were an increase in the proportion of endogenic 18:1/18:1 PC and 18:1_18:2 PC molecular species and a decrease in the relative content of species with C18:3, such as 18:3/18:3 PC and/or 16:0_18:3 PC, 16:1_18:3 PE. The obtained data indicate that exogenous lipid molecules affect plant morphology not only due to their physical properties, which are manifested during incorporation into the membrane, but also due to the participation of exogenous lipid molecules in the metabolism of plant cells. The results obtained open the way to the use of PCs of different structures as cellular regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina R. Kotlova
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Svetlana V. Senik
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Gregory A. Pozhvanov
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University, 191186 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya A. Prokopiev
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Ivan A. Boldyrev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Bairta S. Manzhieva
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Ekaterina Ya. Amigud
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University, 191186 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roman K. Puzanskiy
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (S.V.S.); (G.A.P.); (I.A.P.); (B.S.M.); (E.Y.A.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Anna A. Khakulova
- Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Core Facility Center, Reseach Park, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.K.); (E.B.S.)
| | - Evgeny B. Serebryakov
- Chemical Analysis and Materials Research Core Facility Center, Reseach Park, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.K.); (E.B.S.)
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López-Marqués RL. Lipid flippases as key players in plant adaptation to their environment. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1188-1199. [PMID: 34531559 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid flippases (P4 ATPases) are active transporters that catalyse the translocation of lipids between the two sides of the biological membranes in the secretory pathway. This activity modulates biological membrane properties, contributes to vesicle formation, and is the trigger for lipid signalling events, which makes P4 ATPases essential for eukaryotic cell survival. Plant P4 ATPases (also known as aminophospholipid ATPases (ALAs)) are crucial for plant fertility and proper development, and are involved in key adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stress, including chilling tolerance, heat adaptation, nutrient deficiency responses and pathogen defence. While ALAs present many analogies to mammalian and yeast P4 ATPases, they also show characteristic features as the result of their independent evolution. In this Review, the main properties, roles, regulation and mechanisms of action of ALA proteins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa L López-Marqués
- Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Zhou C, Pan W, Peng Q, Chen Y, Zhou T, Wu C, Hartley W, Li J, Xu M, Liu C, Li P, Rao L, Wang Q. Characteristics of Metabolites by Seed-Specific Inhibition of FAD2 in Brassica napus L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5452-5462. [PMID: 33969684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturase-2 (FAD2) is a key enzyme in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants. RNAi technology can reduce the expression of FAD2 genes in Brassica napus seeds and acquire transgenic B. napus plants with a high oleic acid content, but the effect of seed-specific inhibition of FAD2 expression on B. napus seed metabolites is not clear. Here we use widely targeted metabolomics to investigate the metabolites of normal-oleic-acid rapeseed (OA) and high-oleic-acid rapeseed (HOA) seeds, resulting in a total of 726 metabolites being detected. Among them, 24 differential metabolites were significantly downregulated and 88 differential metabolites were significantly upregulated in HOA rapeseed. In further lipid profile experiments, more lipids in B. napus seeds were accurately quantified. The contents of glycolipids and phospholipids that contain C18:1 increased significantly and C18:2 decreased because FAD2 expression was inhibited. The changes in the expression of key genes in related pathways were also consistent with the changes in metabolites. The insertion site of the ihpRNA plant expression vector was reconfirmed through genomewide resequencing, and the transgenic event did not change the sequence of FAD2 genes. There was no significant difference in the germination rate and germination potential between OA and HOA rapeseed seeds because the seed-specific ihpRNA plant expression vector did not affect other stages of plant growth. This work provides a theoretical and practical guidance for subsequent molecular breeding of high OA B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Weisong Pan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanchao Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - William Hartley
- Agriculture and Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Newport TF10 8NB, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Minhui Xu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuwei Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liqun Rao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Good Agricultural Practice and Comprehensive Utilization of Famous-Region Medicinal Plants, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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López-Marqués RL, Davis JA, Harper JF, Palmgren M. Dynamic membranes: the multiple roles of P4 and P5 ATPases. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:619-631. [PMID: 33822217 PMCID: PMC8133672 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The lipid bilayer of biological membranes has a complex composition, including high chemical heterogeneity, the presence of nanodomains of specific lipids, and asymmetry with respect to lipid composition between the two membrane leaflets. In membrane trafficking, membrane vesicles constantly bud off from one membrane compartment and fuse with another, and both budding and fusion events have been proposed to require membrane lipid asymmetry. One mechanism for generating asymmetry in lipid bilayers involves the action of the P4 ATPase family of lipid flippases; these are biological pumps that use ATP as an energy source to flip lipids from one leaflet to the other. The model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains 12 P4 ATPases (AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE1-12; ALA1-12), many of which are functionally redundant. Studies of P4 ATPase mutants have confirmed the essential physiological functions of these pumps and pleiotropic mutant phenotypes have been observed, as expected when genes required for basal cellular functions are disrupted. For instance, phenotypes associated with ala3 (dwarfism, pollen defects, sensitivity to pathogens and cold, and reduced polar cell growth) can be related to membrane trafficking problems. P5 ATPases are evolutionarily related to P4 ATPases, and may be the counterpart of P4 ATPases in the endoplasmic reticulum. The absence of P4 and P5 ATPases from prokaryotes and their ubiquitous presence in eukaryotes make these biological pumps a defining feature of eukaryotic cells. Here, we review recent advances in the field of plant P4 and P5 ATPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa L López-Marqués
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - James A Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Jeffrey F Harper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
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