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Vieites-Álvarez Y, Otero P, López-González D, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J, Reigosa MJ, Hussain MI, Sánchez-Moreiras AM. Specialized Metabolites Accumulation Pattern in Buckwheat Is Strongly Influenced by Accession Choice and Co-Existing Weeds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2401. [PMID: 37446961 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Screening suitable allelopathic crops and crop genotypes that are competitive with weeds can be a sustainable weed control strategy to reduce the massive use of herbicides. In this study, three accessions of common buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. (Gema, Kora, and Eva) and one of Tartary buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. (PI481671) were screened against the germination and growth of the herbicide-resistant weeds Lolium rigidum Gaud. and Portulaca oleracea L. The chemical profile of the four buckwheat accessions was characterised in their shoots, roots, and root exudates in order to know more about their ability to sustainably manage weeds and the relation of this ability with the polyphenol accumulation and exudation from buckwheat plants. Our results show that different buckwheat genotypes may have different capacities to produce and exude several types of specialized metabolites, which lead to a wide range of allelopathic and defence functions in the agroecosystem to sustainably manage the growing weeds in their vicinity. The ability of the different buckwheat accessions to suppress weeds was accession-dependent without differences between species, as the common (Eva, Gema, and Kora) and Tartary (PI481671) accessions did not show any species-dependent pattern in their ability to control the germination and growth of the target weeds. Finally, Gema appeared to be the most promising accession to be evaluated in organic farming due to its capacity to sustainably control target weeds while stimulating the root growth of buckwheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedra Vieites-Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - David López-González
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuel J Reigosa
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M Iftikhar Hussain
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Adela M Sánchez-Moreiras
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo, Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Palma-Bautista C, Belluccini P, Vázquez-García JG, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Barro F, Portugal J, De Prado R. Target-site and non-target-site resistance mechanisms confer multiple resistance to glyphosate and 2,4-D in Carduus acanthoides. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105371. [PMID: 36963940 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carduus acanthoides L. is mainly a range-land weed, but in the 2010s has begun to invade GM crop production systems in Córdoba (Argentina), where glyphosate and 2,4-D have been commonly applied. In 2020, C. acanthoides was found with multiple resistance to these two herbicides. In this study, the mechanisms that confer multiple resistance to glyphosate and 2,4-D, were characterized in one resistant (R) population of C. acanthoides in comparison to a susceptible (S) population. No differences in 14C-herbicide absorption and translocation were observed between R and S populations. In addition, 14C-glyphosate was well translocated to the shoots (∼30%) and roots (∼16%) in both R and S plants, while most of 14C-2,4-D remained restricted in the treated leaf. Glyphosate metabolism did not contribute to resistance of the R population; however, as corroborated by malathion pretreatment, the mechanism of resistance to 2,4-D was enhanced metabolism (63% of the herbicide) mediated by cytochrome P450 (Cyt-P450). No differences were found in baseline EPSPS activity, copy number, and/or gene expression between the R and S populations, but a Pro-106-Ser mutation in EPSPS was present in the R population. Multiple resistances in the R population of C. acanthoides from Argentina were governed by target site resistance (a Pro-106 mutation for glyphosate) and non-target site resistance (Cyt-P450-based metabolic resistance for 2,4-D) mechanisms. This is the first case of resistance to glyphosate and 2,4-D confirmed for this weed in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelario Palma-Bautista
- Department Agroforestry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain
| | - Pablo Belluccini
- INTA, Marcos Juárez, Provincial Route 12, Marcos Juarez, Cordoba 2580, Argentina
| | - José G Vázquez-García
- Department Agroforestry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain
| | - Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Lagoa do Sino, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Buri 18290-000, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Barro
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Córdoba 14080, Spain
| | - João Portugal
- Biosciences Department, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja 7800-295, Portugal; VALORIZA-Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Portalegre 7300-555, Portugal
| | - Rafael De Prado
- Department Agroforestry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain
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Applications and Prospects of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Base Editing in Plant Breeding. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:918-935. [PMID: 36826004 PMCID: PMC9955079 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 system (Cas9) has been used at length to optimize multiple aspects of germplasm resources. However, large-scale genomic research has indicated that novel variations in crop plants are attributed to single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Therefore, substituting single bases into a plant genome may produce desirable traits. Gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9 techniques frequently results in insertions-deletions (indels). Base editing allows precise single-nucleotide changes in the genome in the absence of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and donor repair templates (DRTs). Therefore, BEs have provided a new way of thinking about genome editing, and base editing techniques are currently being utilized to edit the genomes of many different organisms. As traditional breeding techniques and modern molecular breeding technologies complement each other, various genome editing technologies have emerged. How to realize the greater potential of BE applications is the question we need to consider. Here, we explain various base editings such as CBEs, ABEs, and CGBEs. In addition, the latest applications of base editing technologies in agriculture are summarized, including crop yield, quality, disease, and herbicide resistance. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of base editing technologies are presented. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of BE in crop breeding to further improve BE and make the most of its value.
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Montull JM, Torra J. Herbicide Resistance Is Increasing in Spain: Concomitant Management and Prevention. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:469. [PMID: 36771549 PMCID: PMC9920091 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide-resistant weeds currently challenge sustainable food production in almost all cropping systems in Europe. Herbicide resistance is increasing, and some European countries are among the most affected globally, such as Spain and France. This situation is worsening not only due to herbicide use restrictions but also due to climate change, rendering Mediterranean countries such as Spain particularly susceptible. Therefore, focus should be aimed at preventive measures, which include those not only based on integrated weed management strategies but also based on a very good knowledge of the biology and ecology of each weed species. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of potential future herbicide-resistant cases that can evolve in the near future in Europe. We use Spain as the case study, as it is the most affected country in Europe and because it is at risk due to global warming. For different resistant cases detailed on a crop basis, adequate prevention and management measures will be provided in order to avoid resistance evolution relative to the sites of action that are most likely to generate resistant biotypes due to expected high selection pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Montull
- Grupo de investigación en Malherbología y Ecología Vegetal, Departamento de Hortofruticultura, Botánica y Jardineria, ETSEA, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universidad de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Comité de Prevención de las Resistencias a los Herbicidas (CPRH), Working Group of the Spanish Weed Science Society (Sociedad Española de Malherbología, SEMh), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joel Torra
- Grupo de investigación en Malherbología y Ecología Vegetal, Departamento de Hortofruticultura, Botánica y Jardineria, ETSEA, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universidad de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Comité de Prevención de las Resistencias a los Herbicidas (CPRH), Working Group of the Spanish Weed Science Society (Sociedad Española de Malherbología, SEMh), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
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Vázquez-García JG, de Portugal J, Torra J, Osuna MD, Palma-Bautista C, Cruz-Hipólito HE, De Prado R. Comparison between the mechanisms of Clearfield ® wheat and Lolium rigidum multiple resistant to acetyl CoA carboxylase and acetolactate synthase inhibitors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119438. [PMID: 35561797 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Clearfield® wheat (Triticum aestivum) have helped eliminate the toughest grasses and broadleaf weeds in Spain since 2005. This crop production system includes other tolerant cultivars to the application of imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides. However, the continuous use and off-label rates of IMI herbicides can contribute to the development of resistance in Lolium rigidum and other weed species. In this research, the main objectives were to study the resistance mechanisms to acetolactate synthase (ALS) and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors in a L. rigidum accession (LrR) from a Clearfield® wheat field, with a long history rotating these IMI-tolerant crops and compare them with those present in the IMI-tolerant wheat. The resistance to ACCase inhibitors in LrR was due to point mutations (Ile1781Leu plus Asp2078Gly) of the target site gene plus an enhanced herbicide metabolism (EHM), on the other hand, in wheat accessions was due only by EHM. Mechanisms involved in the resistance to ALS inhibitors were both point mutations of the target gene and EHM in the IMI-tolerant wheat, while only evidence of mutation (Trp574Leu) was found in the multiple herbicide resistant L. rigidum accession. This research demonstrates that if crop rotation is not accompanied by the use of alternative sites of action in herbicide-tolerant crops, resistant weeds to herbicide to which crops are tolerant, can easily be selected. Moreover, repeated and inappropriate use of Clearfield® crops and herbicide rotations can lead to the evolution of multiple resistant weeds, as shown in this study, and have also inestimable environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G Vázquez-García
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Joao de Portugal
- Biosciences Department, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal; VALORIZA-Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Joel Torra
- Department d'Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria D Osuna
- Plant Protection Department, Extremadura Scientific and Technological Research Center (CICYTEX), Ctra. de AV, km 372, Badajoz, 06187, Guadajira, Spain
| | - Candelario Palma-Bautista
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Rafael De Prado
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
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Hwang JI, Norsworthy JK, González-Torralva F, Piveta LB, Priess GL, Barber LT, Butts TR. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of florpyrauxifen-benzyl and cyhalofop-butyl in cyhalofop-butyl-resistant barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.]. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 180:104999. [PMID: 34955183 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dose-response experiments were conducted to assess the sensitivity of one susceptible and three putative resistant (R1, R2, and R3) barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] biotypes to florpyrauxifen-benzyl and cyhalofop-butyl alone and as a formulated premix. Subsequently, potential resistance mechanisms of the barnyardgrass were evaluated. Based on biomass reduction results, resistant/susceptible ratios were calculated for R1 (7.0-50), R2 (7.0-150), and R3 (18-214) biotypes. Absorption and translocation of [14C]-florpyrauxifen-benzyl decreased in R1 and R3 biotypes, but not for [14C]-cyhalofop-butyl. The metabolism of [14C]-florpyrauxifen-benzyl to [14C]-florpyrauxifen-acid was >2-fold less in resistant biotypes (9-11%) than in the susceptible biotype (23%). Moreover, the production of [14C]-florpyrauxifen-acid in susceptible barnyardgrass (not in the R biotypes) increased 3-fold when florpyrauxifen-benzyl and cyhalofop-butyl were applied in mixture compared to florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied alone. The tested barnyardgrass biotypes had no mutation in the Transport Inhibitor Response1, auxin-signaling F-box, and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase genes. Although further studies on cyhalofop-butyl resistance with respect to analysis of specific metabolites are needed, our findings in this study demonstrates that the evolution of florpyrauxifen-benzyl resistance in multiple resistant barnyardgrass can be related to non-target-site resistance mechanisms reducing absorption and translocation of the herbicide and causing reduced conversion or rapid degradation of florpyrauxifen-acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-In Hwang
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
| | - Jason K Norsworthy
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Fidel González-Torralva
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Leonard B Piveta
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Grant L Priess
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - L Tom Barber
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Thomas R Butts
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
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