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Sun Q, Gilgen AK, Wittwer R, von Arx G, van der Heijden MGA, Klaus VH, Buchmann N. Drought effects on trait space of winter wheat are independent of land management. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:591-606. [PMID: 38785184 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Investigating plant responses to climate change is key to develop suitable adaptation strategies. However, whether changes in land management can alleviate increasing drought threats to crops in the future is still unclear. We conducted a management × drought experiment with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to study plant water and vegetative traits in response to drought and management (conventional vs organic farming, with intensive vs conservation tillage). Water traits (root water uptake pattern, stem metaxylem area, leaf water potential, stomatal conductance) and vegetative traits (plant height, leaf area, leaf Chl content) were considered simultaneously to characterise the variability of multiple traits in a trait space, using principal component analysis. Management could not alleviate the drought impacts on plant water traits as it mainly affected vegetative traits, with yields ultimately being affected by both management and drought. Trait spaces were clearly separated between organic and conventional management as well as between drought and control conditions. Moreover, changes in trait space triggered by management and drought were independent from each other. Neither organic management nor conservation tillage eased drought impacts on winter wheat. Thus, our study raised concerns about the effectiveness of these management options as adaptation strategies to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna K Gilgen
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Wittwer
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Georg von Arx
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikersrasse 107, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Valentin H Klaus
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Division Animal Production Systems and Animal Health, Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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Jiang (蒋国凤) GF, Li (李溯源) SY, Li (李艺蝉) YC, Roddy AB. Coordination of hydraulic thresholds across roots, stems, and leaves of two co-occurring mangrove species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:2159-2174. [PMID: 35640109 PMCID: PMC9342987 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are frequently inundated with saline water and have evolved different anatomical and physiological mechanisms to filter and, in some species, excrete excess salt from the water they take up. Because salts impose osmotic stress, interspecific differences in salt tolerance and salt management strategy may influence physiological responses to drought throughout the entire plant hydraulic pathway, from roots to leaves. Here, we characterized embolism vulnerability simultaneously in leaves, stems, and roots of seedlings of two mangrove species (Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) along with turgor-loss points in roots and leaves and xylem anatomical traits. In both species, the water potentials causing 50% of total embolism were less negative in roots and leaves than they were in stems, but the water potentials causing incipient embolism (5%) were similar in roots, stems, and leaves. Stomatal closure in leaves and turgor loss in both leaves and roots occurred at water potentials only slightly less negative than the water potentials causing 5% of total embolism. Xylem anatomical traits were unrelated to vulnerability to embolism. Vulnerability segmentation may be important in limiting embolism spread into stems from more vulnerable roots and leaves. Interspecific differences in salt tolerance affected hydraulic traits from roots to leaves: the salt-secretor A. marina lost turgor at more negative water potentials and had more embolism-resistant xylem than the salt-excluder B. gymnorrhiza. Characterizing physiological thresholds of roots may help to explain recent mangrove mortality after drought and extended saltwater inundation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su-Yuan Li (李溯源)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yi-Chan Li (李艺蝉)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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