1
|
Zhu X, Min K, Feng K, Xie H, He H, Zhang X, Deng Y, Liang C. Microbial necromass contribution to soil carbon storage via community assembly processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175749. [PMID: 39187085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Soil organic matter has been well acknowledged as a natural solution to mitigate climate change and to maintain agricultural productivity. Microbial necromass is an important contributor to soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, and serves as a resource pool for microbial utilization. The trade-off between microbial births/deaths and resource acquisition might influence the fate of microbial necromass in the SOC pool, which remains poorly understood. We coupled soil microbial assembly with microbial necromass contribution to SOC on a long-term, no-till (NT) farm that received maize (Zea mays L.) stover mulching in amounts of 0 %, 33 %, 67 %, and 100 % for 8 y. We characterized soil microbial assembly using the Infer Community Assembly Mechanisms by Phylogenetic-bin-based null model (iCAMP), and microbial necromass using its biomarker amino sugars. We found that 100 % maize stover mulching (NT100) was associated with significantly lower amino sugars (66.4 mg g-1 SOC) than the other treatments (>70 mg g-1 SOC). Bacterial and fungal communities responded divergently to maize stover mulching: bacterial communities were positive for phylogenetic diversity, while fungal communities were positive for taxonomic richness. Soil bacterial communities influenced microbial necromass contribution to SOC through determinism on certain phylogenetic groups and bacterial bin composition, while fungal communities impacted SOC accumulation through taxonomic richness, which is enhanced by the positive contribution of dispersal limitation-dominated saprotrophic guilds. The prevalence of homogeneous selection and dispersal limitation on microbial cell wall-degrading bacteria, specifically Chitinophagaceae, along with increased soil fungal richness and interactions, might induce the decreased microbial necromass contribution to SOC under NT100. Our findings shed new light on the role of microbial assembly in shaping the dynamics of microbial necromass and SOC storage. This advances our understanding of the biological mechanisms that underpin microbial necromass associated with SOC storage, with implications for sustainable agriculture and mitigation of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Zhu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaikai Min
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hongtu Xie
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongbo He
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Lab of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Faticov M, Amorim JH, Abdelfattah A, van Dijk LJA, Carvalho AC, Laforest-Lapointe I, Tack AJM. Local climate, air quality and leaf litter cover shape foliar fungal communities on an urban tree. AMBIO 2024; 53:1673-1685. [PMID: 38871928 PMCID: PMC11436615 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-02041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Foliar fungi on urban trees are important for tree health, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Yet, we lack insights into how urbanization influences foliar fungal communities. We created detailed maps of Stockholm region's climate and air quality and characterized foliar fungi from mature oaks (Quercus robur) across climatic, air quality and local habitat gradients. Fungal richness was higher in locations with high growing season relative humidity, and fungal community composition was structured by growing season maximum temperature, NO2 concentration and leaf litter cover. The relative abundance of mycoparasites and endophytes increased with temperature. The relative abundance of pathogens was lowest with high concentrations of NO2 and particulate matter (PM2.5), while saprotrophs increased with leaf litter cover. Our findings show that urbanization influences foliar fungi, providing insights for developing management guidelines to promote tree health, prevent disease outbreaks and maintain biodiversity within urban landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Faticov
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Jorge H Amorim
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Folkborgsvägen 17, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laura J A van Dijk
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Cristina Carvalho
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Folkborgsvägen 17, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Laforest-Lapointe
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Ayco J M Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu P, Hu X, Zou Q, Yang X, Jiang B, Zuo J, Bai X, Song J, Wu N, Hou Y. Shifts in fungal community diversity and potential function under natural forest succession and planted forest restoration in the Kunyu Mountains, East China. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e70055. [PMID: 39157670 PMCID: PMC11327613 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi participate in various ecosystem processes and are important factors driving the restoration of degraded forests. However, little is known about the changes in fungal diversity and potential functions under the development of different vegetation types during natural (secondary forest succession) and anthropogenic (reforestation) forest restoration. In this study, we selected typical forest succession sequences (including Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc., pine-broadleaf mixed forest of P. densiflora and Quercus acutissima Carruth., and Q. acutissima), as well as natural secondary deciduous broadleaved mixed forests and planted forests of Robinia pseudoacacia on Kunyu Mountain for analysis. We used ITS rRNA gene sequencing to characterize fungal communities and used the FUNGuild database to predict fungal functional groups. The results showed that forest succession affected fungal β-diversity, but not the α-diversity. There was a significant increase in Basidiomycota and a decrease in Ascomycota in the later successional stage, accompanied by an increase in the functional groups of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM). Conversely, planted forests exhibited decreased fungal α-diversity and altered community compositions, characterized by fewer Basidiomycota and more Ascomycota and Mucoromycota. Planted forests led to a decrease in the relative abundances of ECM and an increase in animal pathogens. The TK content was the major factor explaining the distinction in fungal communities among the three successional stages, whereas pH, AP, and NH4 + were the major factors explaining community variations between natural and planted forests. Changes in vegetation types significantly affected the diversity and functional groups of soil fungal communities during forest succession and reforestation, providing key insights for forest ecosystem management in temperate forests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Yantai Science and Technology BureauYantai Science and Technology Innovation Promotion CenterYantaiP.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of ParkYantai Kunyu Mountain Forest StationYantaiP.R. China
| | - Bohan Jiang
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Jincheng Zuo
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Xinfu Bai
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Song
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Nan Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| | - Yuping Hou
- School of Life SciencesLudong UniversityYantaiP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maitra P, Hrynkiewicz K, Szuba A, Jagodziński AM, Al-Rashid J, Mandal D, Mucha J. Metabolic niches in the rhizosphere microbiome: dependence on soil horizons, root traits and climate variables in forest ecosystems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1344205. [PMID: 38645395 PMCID: PMC11026606 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1344205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding belowground plant-microbial interactions is important for biodiversity maintenance, community assembly and ecosystem functioning of forest ecosystems. Consequently, a large number of studies were conducted on root and microbial interactions, especially in the context of precipitation and temperature gradients under global climate change scenarios. Forests ecosystems have high biodiversity of plants and associated microbes, and contribute to major primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the impact of root metabolites/exudates and root traits on soil microbial functional groups along these climate gradients is poorly described in these forest ecosystems. The plant root system exhibits differentiated exudation profiles and considerable trait plasticity in terms of root morphological/phenotypic traits, which can cause shifts in microbial abundance and diversity. The root metabolites composed of primary and secondary metabolites and volatile organic compounds that have diverse roles in appealing to and preventing distinct microbial strains, thus benefit plant fitness and growth, and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought. Climatic factors significantly alter the quantity and quality of metabolites that forest trees secrete into the soil. Thus, the heterogeneities in the rhizosphere due to different climate drivers generate ecological niches for various microbial assemblages to foster beneficial rhizospheric interactions in the forest ecosystems. However, the root exudations and microbial diversity in forest trees vary across different soil layers due to alterations in root system architecture, soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient stoichiometry. Changes in root system architecture or traits, e.g. root tissue density (RTD), specific root length (SRL), and specific root area (SRA), impact the root exudation profile and amount released into the soil and thus influence the abundance and diversity of different functional guilds of microbes. Here, we review the current knowledge about root morphological and functional (root exudation) trait changes that affect microbial interactions along drought and temperature gradients. This review aims to clarify how forest trees adapt to challenging environments by leveraging their root traits to interact beneficially with microbes. Understanding these strategies is vital for comprehending plant adaptation under global climate change, with significant implications for future research in plant biodiversity conservation, particularly within forest ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Maitra
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szuba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Andrzej M. Jagodziński
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jubair Al-Rashid
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Dipa Mandal
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joanna Mucha
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of Forest Entomology and Pathology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Yan Y, Huang JG, Wang M. Interguild fungal competition in litter and soil inversely modulate microbial necromass accumulation during Loess Plateau forest succession. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170259. [PMID: 38253096 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Microbial interactions determine ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient cycling, yet it remains unclear how interguild fungal interactions modulate microbial residue contribution to soil C pools (SOC) during forest succession. Here, we present a region-wide investigation of the relative dominance of saprophytic versus symbiotic fungi in litter and soil compartments, exploring their linkages to soil microbial residue pools and potential drivers along a chronosequence of secondary Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) forests on the Loess Plateau. Despite minor changes in C and nitrogen (N) stocks in the litter or soil layers across successional stages, we found significantly lower soil phosphorus (P) stocks, higher ratios of soil C: N, soil N: P and soil C: P but lower ratios of litter C: N and litter C: P in old (>75 years) than young stands (<30 years). Pine stand development altered the saprotroph: symbiotroph ratios of fungal communities to favor the soil symbiotrophs versus the litter saprotrophs. The dominance of saprotrophs in litter is positively related to microbial necromass contribution to SOC, which is negatively related to the dominance of symbiotrophs in soils. Antagonistic interguild fungal competition in litter and soil layers, in conjunction with increased fungal but decreased bacterial necromass contribution to SOC, jointly contribute to unchanged total necromass contribution to SOC with stand development. The saprotroph: symbiotroph ratios in litter and soil layers are mainly driven by soil P stocks and stand parameters (e.g., stand age and slope), respectively, while substrate stoichiometries primarily regulate microbial necromass accumulation and fungal: bacterial necromass ratios. These results provide novel insights into how microbial interactions at local spatial scales modulate temporal changes in SOC pools, with management implications for mitigating regional land degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqihu East Road, Huairou District, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minhuang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tokumoto Y, Katayama A. Effects of Pieris japonica (Ericaceae) dominance on cool temperate forest altered-understory environments and soil microbiomes in Southern Japan. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296692. [PMID: 38206984 PMCID: PMC10783712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of plants unpalatable to deer increases with increasing deer numbers. In the Kyushu Mountain area of Southern Japan, Pieris japonica (Ericaceae), an unpalatable shrub, has become the monodominant vegetation under evergreen conifer and deciduous broad-leaved tree stands. The monodominance of unpalatable plants in the understory has potential advantages and drawbacks; however, the effects of Pieris dominance are not well understood. To assess the effects of P. japonica dominances on forest environments and ecosystems, we investigated understory environments and soil microbiomes in Pieris-dominant sites. Under the deciduous broad-leaved trees, Pieris dominance leads to considerable Pieris leaf litter and humus weights and low soil bulk density and canopy openness. In the soil fungal community and fungal functional groups, the relative abundance of symbiotrophic fungi, particularly ectomycorrhizal fungi in Pieris-dominant sites were lower than in other-vegetation understory sites and saprotrophic fungi vice versa. Because few seedlings and saplings were found under Pieris shrubs, Pieris dominance in the understory might exclude other plant species. The results of this study will contribute to the Pieris population and forest management following deer overgrazing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Tokumoto
- Institute for Tenure Track Promotion, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayumi Katayama
- Shiiba Research Forest, Kyushu University, Shiiba, Miyazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pang W, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhang T, Liu B. The Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Bacterial Communities of the Five Typical Tree Species in the Junzifeng National Nature Reserve, Southeast China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3853. [PMID: 38005750 PMCID: PMC10675191 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
To explore the contribution of microorganisms to forest ecosystem function, we studied the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal and soil bacterial community of the five typical tree species (Pinus massoniana, PM; Castanopsis carlesii, CC; Castanopsis eyrei, CE; Castanopsis fargesii, CF; and Keteleeria cyclolepis, KC) at the Junzifeng National Nature Reserve. The results indicated that the ECM fungal and soil bacterial diversity of CC and CF was similar, and the diversity rates of CC and CF were higher than those of PM, CE, and KC. Cenococcum geophilum and unclassified_Cortinariaceae II were the most prevalent occurring ECM fungi species in the five typical tree species, followed by unclassified_Cortinariaceae I and Lactarius atrofuscus. In bacteria, the dominant bacterial genera were Acidothermus, Bradyrhizobium, Acidibacter, Candidatus_Solibacter, Candidatus_Koribacter, Roseiarcus, and Bryobacter. EMF fungi and soil bacteria were correlated with edaphic factors, especially the soil pH, TP, and TK, caused by stand development. The results show that the community characteristics of ECM fungi and bacteria in the typical tree species of the Junzifeng National Nature Reserve reflect the critical role of soil microorganisms in stabilizing forest ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Pang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (W.P.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Panpan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (W.P.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuhu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (W.P.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Yanbin Huang
- Administration Bureau of Fujian Junzifeng National Nature Reserve, Mingxi 365200, China;
| | - Taoxiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (W.P.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bao Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (W.P.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo J, Wei B, Liu J, Eissenstat DM, Yu S, Gong X, Wu J, He X, Yu M. Linkages between Plant Community Composition and Soil Microbial Diversity in Masson Pine Forests. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091750. [PMID: 37176808 PMCID: PMC10181205 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant species identity influences soil microbial communities directly by host specificity and root exudates, and indirectly by changing soil properties. As a native pioneer species common in early successional communities, Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forests are widely distributed in subtropical China, and play a key role in improving ecosystem productivity. However, how pine forest composition, especially the dominance of plant functional groups, affects soil microbial diversity remains unclear. Here, we investigated linkages among woody plant composition, soil physicochemical properties, and microbial diversity in forests along a dominance gradient of Masson pine. Soil bacterial and fungal communities were mainly explained by woody plant community composition rather than by woody species alpha diversity, with the dominance of tree (without including shrub) species and ectomycorrhizal woody plant species accounting for more of the variation among microbial communities than pine dominance alone. Structural equation modeling revealed that bacterial diversity was associated with woody plant compositional variation via altered soil physicochemical properties, whereas fungal diversity was directly driven by woody plant composition. Bacterial functional groups involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were negatively correlated with the availability of soil nitrogen and phosphorus, whereas saprotrophic and pathogenic fungal groups showed negative correlations with the dominance of tree species. These findings indicate strong linkages between woody plant composition than soil microbial diversity; meanwhile, the high proportion of unexplained variability indicates great necessity of further definitive demonstration for better understanding of forest-microbe interactions and associated ecosystem processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Boliang Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinliang Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - David M Eissenstat
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shuisheng Yu
- Ecological Forestry Development Center of Suichang County, Lishui 323300, China
| | - Xiaofei Gong
- Ecological Forestry Development Center of Suichang County, Lishui 323300, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Xiaoyong He
- Lishui Forestry Technology Promotion Station, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Mingjian Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tanunchai B, Ji L, Schroeter SA, Wahdan SFM, Hossen S, Delelegn Y, Buscot F, Lehnert AS, Alves EG, Hilke I, Gleixner G, Schulze ED, Noll M, Purahong W. FungalTraits vs. FUNGuild: Comparison of Ecological Functional Assignments of Leaf- and Needle-Associated Fungi Across 12 Temperate Tree Species. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:411-428. [PMID: 35124727 PMCID: PMC9958157 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-01973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a new annotation tool "FungalTraits" was created based on the previous FUNGuild and FunFun databases, which has attracted high attention in the scientific community. These databases were widely used to gain more information from fungal sequencing datasets by assigning fungal functional traits. More than 1500 publications so far employed FUNGuild and the aim of this study is to compare this successful database with the recent FungalTraits database. Quality and quantity of the assignment by FUNGuild and FungalTraits to a fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based amplicon sequencing dataset on amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were addressed. Sequencing dataset was derived from leaves and needles of 12 temperate broadleaved and coniferous tree species. We found that FungalTraits assigned more functional traits than FUNGuild, and especially the coverage of saprotrophs, plant pathogens, and endophytes was higher while lichenized fungi revealed similar findings. Moreover, ASVs derived from leaves and needles of each tree species were better assigned to all available fungal traits as well as to saprotrophs by FungalTraits compared to FUNGuild in particular for broadleaved tree species. Assigned ASV richness as well as fungal functional community composition was higher and more diverse after analyses with FungalTraits compared to FUNGuild. Moreover, datasets of both databases showed similar effect of environmental factors for saprotrophs but for endophytes, unidentical patterns of significant corresponding factors were obtained. As a conclusion, FungalTraits is superior to FUNGuild in assigning a higher quantity and quality of ASVs as well as a higher frequency of significant correlations with environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Tanunchai
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 150040 Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simon Andreas Schroeter
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522 Egypt
| | - Shakhawat Hossen
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Yoseph Delelegn
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Lehnert
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Eliane Gomes Alves
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ines Hilke
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerd Gleixner
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ernst-Detlef Schulze
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Biogeochemical Processes Department, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Noll
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li B, Liu X, Zhu D, Su H, Guo K, Sun G, Li X, Sun L. Crop diversity promotes the recovery of fungal communities in saline-alkali areas of the Western Songnen Plain. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1091117. [PMID: 36819047 PMCID: PMC9930164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phytoremediation is an effective strategy for saline land restoration. In the Western Songnen Plain, northeast China, soil fungal community recovery for saline phytoremediation has not been well documented among different cropping patterns. In this study, we tested how rotation, mixture, and monoculture cropping patterns impact fungal communities in saline-alkali soils to assess the variability between cropping patterns. Methods The fungal communities of the soils of the different cropping types were determined using Illumina Miseq sequencing. Results Mixture and rotation promoted an increase in operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, and OTU richness in the mixture system decreased with increasing soil depth. A principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that cropping patterns and soil depths influenced the structure of fungal communities, which may be due to the impact of soil chemistry. This was reflected by soil total nitrogen (TN) and electrical conductivity (EC) being the key factors driving OTU richness, while soil available potassium (AK) and total phosphorus (TP) were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of fungal dominant genus. The relative abundance of Leptosphaerulina, Alternaria, Myrothecium, Gibberella, and Tetracladium varied significantly between cropping patterns, and Leptosphaerulina was significantly associated with soil chemistry. Soil depth caused significant differences in the relative abundance of Fusarium in rotation and mixture soils, with Fusarium more commonly active at 0-15 cm deep soil. Null-model analysis revealed that the fungal community assembly of the mixture soils in 0-15 cm deep soil was dominated by deterministic processes, unlike the other two cropping patterns. Furthermore, fungal symbiotic networks were more complex in rotation and mixture than in monoculture soils, reflected in more nodes, more module hubs, and connectors. The fungal networks in rotation and mixture soils were more stable than in monoculture soils, and mixture networks were obviously more connected than rotations. FUNGuild showed that the relative proportion of saprotroph in rotation and mixture was significantly higher than that in monocultures. The highest proportion of pathotroph and symbiotroph was exhibited in rotation and mixture soils, respectively. Discussion Overall, mixture is superior to crop rotation and monocultures in restoring fungal communities of the saline-alkali soils of the Western Songnen Plain, northeast China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Heng Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaiwen Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Xin Li, ✉
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Lei Sun, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The metamicrobiome: key determinant of the homeostasis of nutrient recycling. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:183-195. [PMID: 36328807 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The metamicrobiome is an integrated concept to study carbon and nutrient recycling in ecosystems. Decomposition of plant-derived matter by free-living microbes and fire - two key recycling pathways - are highly sensitive to global change. Mutualistic associations of microbes with plants and animals strongly reduce this sensitivity. By solving a fundamental allometric trade-off between metabolic and homeostatic capacity, these mutualisms enable continued recycling of plant matter where and when conditions are unfavourable for the free-living microbiome. A diverse metamicrobiome - where multiple plant- and animal-associated microbiomes complement the free-living microbiome - thus enhances homeostasis of ecosystem recycling rates in variable environments. Research into metamicrobiome structure and functioning in ecosystems is therefore important for progress towards understanding environmental change.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pequeno PACL, Franklin E, Norton RA. Hunger for sex: Abundant, heterogeneous resources select for sexual reproduction in the field. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:1387-1395. [PMID: 36117406 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Major hypotheses on sex evolution predict that resource abundance and heterogeneity should either select for or against sexual reproduction. However, seldom have these predictions been explicitly tested in the field. Here, we investigated this question using soil oribatid mites, a diverse and abundant group of soil arthropods whose local communities can be dominated by either sexual or asexual species. First, we refined theoretical predictions by addressing how the effects of resource abundance, heterogeneity and abiotic conditions could modify each other. Then, we estimated the strength of selection for sexual species in local communities while controlling for phylogeny and neutral processes (ecological drift and dispersal), and tested its relation to resource and abiotic gradients. We show that sexual species tended to be favoured with increasing litter amount, a measure of basal resource abundance. Further, there was some evidence that this response occurred mainly under higher tree species richness, a measure of basal resource heterogeneity. This response to resources is unlikely to reflect niche partitioning between reproductive modes, as sexual and asexual species overlapped in trophic niche according to a comparative analysis using literature data on stable isotope ratios. Rather, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that sex facilitates adaptation by breaking unfavourable genetic associations, an advantage that should increase with effective population size when many loci are under selection and, thus, with resource abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Franklin
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonia Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Roy A Norton
- College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang W, Diao L, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhang H, Wang J, Luo Y, An S, Cheng X. Responses of soil fungal communities and functional guilds to ~160 years of natural revegetation in the Loess Plateau of China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967565. [PMID: 36118195 PMCID: PMC9479326 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural revegetation has been widely confirmed to be an effective strategy for the restoration of degraded lands, particularly in terms of rehabilitating ecosystem productivity and soil nutrients. Yet the mechanisms of how natural revegetation influences the variabilities and drivers of soil residing fungal communities, and its downstream effects on ecosystem nutrient cycling are not well understood. For this study, we investigated changes in soil fungal communities along with ~160 years of natural revegetation in the Loess Plateau of China, employing Illumina MiSeq DNA sequencing analyses. Our results revealed that the soil fungal abundance was greatly enhanced during the later stages of revegetation. As revegetation progresses, soil fungal richness appeared first to rise and then decline at the climax Quercus liaotungensis forest stage. The fungal Shannon and Simpson diversity indexes were the lowest and highest at the climax forest stage among revegetation stages, respectively. Principal component analysis, Bray–Curtis similarity indices, and FUNGuild function prediction suggested that the composition, trophic modes, and functional groups for soil fungal communities gradually shifted along with natural revegetation. Specifically, the relative abundances of Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and ectomycorrhizal fungi progressively increased, while that of Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Tremellomycetes, saprotrophic, pathotrophic, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and endophyte fungi gradually decreased along with natural revegetation, respectively. The most enriched members of Basidiomycota (e.g., Agaricomycetes, Agaricales, Cortinariaceae, Cortinarius, Sebacinales, Sebacinaceae, Tricholomataceae, Tricholoma, Russulales, and Russulaceae) were found at the climax forest stage. As important carbon (C) sources, the most enriched symbiotic fungi (particularly ectomycorrhizal fungi containing more recalcitrant compounds) can promote organic C and nitrogen (N) accumulation in soils of climax forest. However, the most abundant of saprotrophic fungi in the early stages of revegetation decreased soil organic C and N accumulation by expediting the decomposition of soil organic matter. Our results suggest that natural revegetation can effectively restore soil fungal abundance, and modify soil fungal diversity, community composition, trophic modes, and functional groups by altering plant properties (e.g., plant species richness, diversity, evenness, litter quantity and quality), quantity and quality of soil nutrient substrates, soil moisture and pH. These changes in soil fungal communities, particularly their trophic modes and functional groups along with natural revegetation, impact the accumulation and decomposition of soil C and N and potentially affect ecosystem C and N cycling in the Loess Plateau of China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Yang,
| | - Longfei Diao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xitong Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Shuqing An
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Xiaoli Cheng,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen X, Luo M, Tan J, Zhang C, Liu Y, Huang J, Tan Y, Xiao L, Xu Z. Salt-tolerant plant moderates the effect of salinity on soil organic carbon mineralization in a subtropical tidal wetland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155855. [PMID: 35561913 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although salinization is widely known to affect cycling of soil carbon (C) in tidal freshwater wetlands, the role of the presence or absence of plants in mediating the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization to salinization is poorly understood. In this study, we translocated soils collected from a tidal freshwater wetland to sites with varying salinities along a subtropical estuarine gradient and established unplanted and planted (with the salt-tolerant plant Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) mesocosms at each site. We simultaneously investigated cumulative soil CO2 emissions, C-acquiring enzyme activities, availability of labile organic C (LOC), and structures of bacterial and fungal communities. Overall, in the planted mesocosm, the soil LOC content and the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, phenol oxidase, and peroxidase increased with salinization. However, in the unplanted mesocosm, soil LOC content decreased with increasing salinity, whereas all the C-acquiring enzyme activities did not change. In addition, salinization favored the dominance of bacterial and fungal copiotrophs (e.g., γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Ascomycota) in the planted mesocosms. Contrarily, in the unplanted mesocosms salinization favored bacterial and fungal oligotrophs (e.g., α-Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Basidiomycota). In both planted and unplanted mesocosms, cumulative soil CO2 emissions were affected by soil LOC content, activities of C-acquiring enzymes, and microbial C-use trophic strategies. Overall, cumulative soil CO2 emissions increased by 35% with increasing salinity in the planted mesocosm but decreased by 37% as salinity increased in the unplanted mesocosm. Our results demonstrate that the presence or absence of salt-tolerant plants can moderate the effect of salinity on SOC mineralization in tidal wetland soils. Future C prediction models should embed both planted and unplanted modules to accurately simulate cycling of soil C in tidal wetlands under sea level rise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Min Luo
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ji Tan
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; College of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 35007, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; College of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 35007, China
| | - Jiafang Huang
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; College of Geography Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 35007, China
| | - Yang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Leilei Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhanghua Xu
- Research Center of Geography and Ecological Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Microbial Diversity in Subarctic Biocrusts from West Iceland following an Elevation Gradient. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112195. [PMID: 34835321 PMCID: PMC8624075 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are essential communities of organisms in the Icelandic soil ecosystem, as they prevent erosion and cryoturbation and provide nutrients to vascular plants. However, biocrust microbial composition in Iceland remains understudied. To address this gap in knowledge, we applied high-throughput sequencing to study microbial community composition in biocrusts collected along an elevation gradient (11–157 m a.s.l.) stretching away perpendicular to the marine coast. Four groups of organisms were targeted: bacteria and cyanobacteria (16S rRNA gene), fungi (transcribed spacer region), and other eukaryotes (18S rRNA gene). The amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed the dominance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Within the cyanobacteria, filamentous forms from the orders Synechococcales and Oscillatoriales prevailed. Furthermore, fungi in the biocrusts were dominated by Ascomycota, while the majority of reads obtained from sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene belonged to Archaeplastida. In addition, microbial photoautotrophs isolated from the biocrusts were assigned to the cyanobacterial genera Phormidesmis, Microcoleus, Wilmottia, and Oscillatoria and to two microalgal phyla Chlorophyta and Charophyta. In general, the taxonomic diversity of microorganisms in the biocrusts increased following the elevation gradient and community composition differed among the sites, suggesting that microclimatic and soil parameters might shape biocrust microbiota.
Collapse
|