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Xia Z, Gong Y, Yang Y, Wu M, Bai J, Zhang S, Lu H. Effects of root-zone warming, nitrogen supply and their interactions on root-shoot growth, nitrogen uptake and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108887. [PMID: 38943877 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
In the context of climate change, the impact of root-zone warming (RW) on crop nutrient absorption and utilization has emerged as a significant concern that cannot be overlooked. Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for crop growth and development, particularly under stress. The comprehensive effect and relationship between RW and N level remains unclear. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the impact of RW on root-shoot growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of maize seedlings under varying N levels. The results demonstrated that optimal RW was beneficial to the growth of maize, while excessive root-zone temperature (RT) significantly impeded N uptake in maize. Under low N treatment, the proportion of N distribution in roots increased, and the root surface area increased by 41 %. Furthermore, under low N levels, the decline in root vitality and the increase in root MDA caused by high RT were mitigated, resulting in an enhancement of the root's ability to cope with stress. For the above-ground part, under the double stress of high RT and low N, the shoot N concentration, leaf nitrate reductase, leaf glutamine synthase, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and shoot dry matter accumulation decreased by 86 %, 60 %, 35 %, 53 %, 64 % and 59 %, respectively. It can be reasonably concluded that reasonable N management is an important method to effectively reduce the impact of high RT stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Xia
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuxiang Gong
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mengke Wu
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jingxuan Bai
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haidong Lu
- College of agronomy of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Song M, Lin X, Wei X, Zeng Q, Mu C, Zhou X. Trichoderma viride improves phosphorus uptake and the growth of Chloris virgata under phosphorus-deficient conditions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1425034. [PMID: 39027109 PMCID: PMC11255847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1425034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phosphorus (P) readily forms insoluble complexes in soil, thereby inhibiting the absorption and utilization of this essential nutrient by plants. Phosphorus deficiency can significantly impede the growth of forage grass. While Trichoderma viride (T. viride) has been recognized for promoting the assimilation of otherwise unobtainable nutrients, its impact on P uptake remains understudied. Consequently, it is imperative to gain a more comprehensive insight into the role of T. viride in facilitating the uptake and utilization of insoluble P in forage grass. Methods This research explored the influence of T. viride inoculation on P absorption and the growth of Chloris virgata (C. virgata) across various P sources. We treated plants with control P (P), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), calcium phytate (PHY), and low P (LP), with and without T. viride inoculation (P+T, TCP+T, PHY+T, LP+T). We analyzed photosynthesis parameters, growth indices, pigment accumulation, P content, leaf acid phosphatase activity. Results Results demonstrated that T. viride inoculation alleviated inhibition of photosynthesis, reduced leaf acid phosphatase activity, and enhanced growth of C. virgata in the presence of insoluble P sources. Additionally, T. viride inoculation enabled the plants to extract more available P from insoluble P sources, as evidenced by a substantial increase in P content: shoot P content surged by 58.23 to 59.08%, and root P content rose by 55.13 to 55.2%. Biomass P-use efficiency (PUE) declined by 38% upon inoculation with T. viride compared to the non-inoculated insoluble P sources, paralleled by a reduction in photosynthetic P-use efficiency (PPUE) by 26 to 29%. Inoculation under insoluble P sources further triggered a lower allocation to root biomass (25 to 26%) and a higher investment in shoot biomass (74 to 75%). However, its application under low P condition curtailed the growth of C. virgata. Discussion Our results suggest that T. viride inoculation represents an innovative approach for plants to acquire available P from insoluble P sources, thereby promoting growth amid environmental P limitations. This insight is crucial for comprehending the synergy among forage grass, P, and T. viride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Song
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, China
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Xiaoru Lin
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Qingpan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Chunsheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
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Nisar MM, Mahmood R, Tayyab S, Anees M, Nadeem F, Bibi S, Waseem F, Ahmed N, Li J, Song Z. Comparative efficacy of non-electric cooling techniques to reduce nutrient solution temperature for the sustainable cultivation of summer vegetables in open-air hydroponics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1340641. [PMID: 38495367 PMCID: PMC10940466 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1340641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The cultivation of summer vegetables in open-air nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponics is limited due to the elevated nutrient solution temperature (NST). In this regard, non-electric evaporative-cooling techniques were explored to maintain NST in open-air NFT hydroponics. Four cooling setups were employed by wrapping polyvinyl chloride (PVC) grow pipes with one and two layers of either wet or dry jute fabrics and attaching them with coiled aluminum pipe buried inside a) wet sand-filled brick tunnels (Cooling Setup I), b) two inverted and vertically stacked earthen pots (Cooling Setup II), c) two inverted and vertically stacked earthen pots externally wrapped with wet jute fabric (Wrapped Cooling Setup II), and d) an earthen pitcher wrapped with wet jute fabric (Cooling Setup III). Wrapping grow pipes with two layers of wet jute fabric reduced NST by 5°C as compared to exposed (naked) grow pipes. The double-layer jute fabric-wrapped grow pipes produced 182% more reduction in NST in comparison to single layer-wrapped grow pipes. Additionally, the installation of Wrapped Cooling Setup II and Cooling Setup III outperformed Cooling Setup I and Cooling Setup II through NST reduction of approximately 4°C in comparison to control. Interestingly, Cooling Setup III showed its effectiveness through NST reductions of 193%, 88%, and 23% during 11 a.m.-12 p.m. as compared to Cooling Setup I, Cooling Setup II, and Wrapped Cooling Setup II, respectively. In contrast, Wrapped Cooling Setup II caused NST reductions of 168%, 191%, and 18% during 2-3 p.m. in comparison to Cooling Setup I, Cooling Setup II, and Cooling Setup III, respectively. Thus, the double-layer jute fabric-wrapped grow pipes linked with Wrapped Cooling Setup II can ensure summer vegetable cultivation in open-air NFT hydroponics as indicated by the survival of five out of 12 vegetable plants till harvest by maintaining NST between 26°C and 28°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Nisar
- Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mahmood
- Department of Soil Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Salman Tayyab
- Department of Horticulture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Anees
- Department of Horticulture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Soil Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Waseem
- Department of Soil Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmed
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Song
- Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou, China
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Haruma T, Doyama K, Lu X, Noji K, Masuya H, Arima T, Tomiyama S, Yamaji K. Miscanthus sinensis contributes to the survival of Pinus densiflora seedlings at a mining site via providing a possible functional endophyte and maintaining symbiotic relationship between P. densiflora and endophytes from high soil temperature stress. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286203. [PMID: 37220165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
At a sedimentary site in an old mine site, Miscanthus sinensis formed patches, where Pinus densiflora seedlings could grow better compared with those outside the patches, indicating that M. sinensis would improve P. densiflora seedling establishment. The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms by which M. sinensis facilitates the survival of P. densiflora seedlings by considering the soil properties, heavy metal tolerance, and root endophytes in P. densiflora seedlings at the sedimentary site. The sedimentary site, which is a bare ground, contained high concentrations of Fe, indicating that plants should be exposed to Fe and high soil temperature stresses. Measurement of soil temperature revealed that M. sinensis suppressed sharp increases and alternation of soil temperature, resulting in reducing high soil temperature stress in P. densiflora seedlings. To adapt to the Fe stress environment, P. densiflora outside and inside the patches produced Fe detoxicants, including catechin, condensed tannin, and malic acid. Ceratobasidium bicorne and Aquapteridospora sp. were commonly isolated from P. densiflora seedlings outside and inside the patches as root endophytes, which might enhance Fe tolerance in the seedlings. Aquapteridospora sp., which is considered as a dark-septate endophyte (DSE), was also isolated from the roots of M. sinensis, suggesting that M. sinensis might play a source of a root endophyte to P. densiflora seedlings. Ceratobasidium bicorne could be classified into root endophytes showing symbiosis and weak pathogenicity to host plants. Therefore, high soil temperature stress would weaken P. densiflora seedlings, causing root endophytic C. bicorne to appear pathogenic. We suggested that P. densiflora could adapt to the Fe stress environment via producing Fe detoxicants, and M. sinensis would facilitate the establishment of P. densiflora seedlings in the sedimentary site by providing a DSE, Aquapteridospora sp., and maintaining symbiosis of C. bicorne from high soil temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Haruma
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kohei Doyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Xingyan Lu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Noji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hayato Masuya
- Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takahiko Arima
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shingo Tomiyama
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Zhang S, Xia Z, Wang Q, Fu Y, Zhang G, Lu H. Soil cooling can improve maize root-shoot growth and grain yield in warm climate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107762. [PMID: 37207493 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Global warming causes topsoil temperatures to increase, which potentially leads to maize yield loss. We explored the effects of soil warming/cooling on root-shoot growth and maize grain yields by performing pot experiments with a heat-sensitive maize hybrid (HS208) and a normal maize hybrid (SD609) in warm temperate climate in 2019 and 2020. Our results reveal, for the first time, differences in root characteristics, leaf photosynthetic physiology, and yield responses to soil warming and cooling between normal and heat-sensitive maize varieties under a warm temperate climate. Soil warming (+2 and 4 °C) inhibited whole root growth by decreasing root length, volume, and dry mass weight, which indirectly reduced leaf photosynthetic capacity and decreased grain yield/plant by 15.10-24.10% versus control plants exposed to ambient temperature. Soil cooling (-2 °C) promoted root growth and leaf photosynthesis, and significantly increased grain yield of HS208 by 12.61%, although no significant change was found with SD609. It can be seen that under unfavorable conditions of global warming, selection of excellent stress-resistant hybrids plays an important role in alleviating the soil heat stress of maize in warm temperate climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhenqing Xia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yafang Fu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Haidong Lu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 12100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Zhang S, Bai J, Zhang G, Xia Z, Wu M, Lu H. Negative effects of soil warming, and adaptive cultivation strategies of maize: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160738. [PMID: 36496024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor in regulating and controlling several ecological processes. As there is a feedback relationship between many biogeochemical processes and climate change, their response to temperature changes is particularly important. Previously, a large volume of literature has extensively explored the impact of rising air temperature on shoot growth and maize yield, from enzymatic responses within the leaf to grain yield. As the global temperature continues to increase and the frequency, duration, and/or intensity of heat wave events increases, the soil temperature of the tilth is likely to rise sharply. As one of the most widely planted food crops in the world, maize may be subjected to additional soil temperature pressure. However, as a nutrient organ in direct contact with soil, the root plays a key role in adapting the whole plant to excessive soil temperature. Little research has been done on the effect of the soil microenvironment induced by higher soil temperature on maize root growth and root to shoot communication regulation. Therefore, this review summarizes (1) the effects of excessive soil temperature on the soil microenvironment, including soil respiration, microbial community composition, carbon mineralization, and enzyme activity; (2) the negative response of absorption of water and nutrients by roots and maize root-shoot growth to excessive soil temperature; and (3) potential cultivation strategies to improve maize yield, including improving tillage methods, adding biochar amendments, applying organic fertilizers, optimizing irrigation, and farmland mulching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingxuan Bai
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhenqing Xia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengke Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haidong Lu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China.
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Dang K, Gong X, Liang H, Guo S, Zhang S, Feng B. Phosphorous fertilization alleviates shading stress by regulating leaf photosynthesis and the antioxidant system in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:1111-1121. [PMID: 36931210 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Shading can limit photosynthesis and plant growth. Understanding how phosphorus (P) application mitigates the effects of shading stress on morphology and physiology of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) is of great significance for the establishment of efficient planting structures and optimizing P-use management. The effects of various light environments (non-shading stress, S0; low light stress, S1; severe shading stress, S2) on the growth of two mung bean cultivars (Xilv1 and Yulv1) and the role of P application (0 kg ha-1, P0; 90 kg ha-1, P1; 150 kg ha-1, P2) in such responses were investigated in a field experiment. Our results demonstrated that shading decreased the dry matter accumulation of mung bean markedly by limiting photosynthesis capacity and disrupting agronomic traits. For the leaf areas of the two cultivars, chlorophyll a+b, the net photosynthetic and electron transport rates were increased by 16.8%, 20.0%, 15.5%, and 12.5% under P1 treatment, and by 32.4%, 40.3%, 16.3% and 12.8% under P2 treatment, respectively, when compared to those for the non-fertilized plants under shading stress. These responses resulted in increased light capture and weak light utilization. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were enhanced by 20.9% and 43.7%, respectively; malondialdehyde and superoxide anion contents were reduced by 18.6% and 14.1%, respectively, under P application. These findings suggest that P application moderately mitigates the damage caused by shading stress and enhances tolerance by regulating mung bean growth. In addition, Xilv1 was more sensitive to P under shading stress than Yulv1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Dang
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Gong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haofeng Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shuqing Guo
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Suiqi Zhang
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
| | - Baili Feng
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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Kayoumu M, Iqbal A, Muhammad N, Li X, Li L, Wang X, Gui H, Qi Q, Ruan S, Guo R, Zhang X, Song M, Dong Q. Phosphorus Availability Affects the Photosynthesis and Antioxidant System of Contrasting Low-P-Tolerant Cotton Genotypes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020466. [PMID: 36830024 PMCID: PMC9952849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient, and an important component of plant metabolism. However, little is known about the effects of low P availability on P absorption, the photosynthetic electron transport chain, and the antioxidant system in cotton. This study used cotton genotypes (sensitive FJA and DLNTDH and tolerant BX014 and LuYuan343) with contrasting low-P tolerance in a hydroponic experiment under 15 µM, 50 µM, and 500 μM P concentrations. The results showed that low P availability reduced plant development and leaf area, shoot length, and dry weight in FJA and DLNADH, compared to BX014 and LuYuan343. The low P availability decreased the gas-exchange parameters such as the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, and increased the intercellular CO2 concentration. Chlorophyll a fluorescence demonstrated that the leaves' absorption and trapped-energy flux were largely steady. In contrast, considerable gains in absorption and trapped-energy flux per reaction center resulted from decreases in the electron transport per reaction center under low-P conditions. In addition, low P availability reduced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased the content of malondialdehyde in the cotton genotypes, especially in FJA and DLNTDH. Moreover, low P availability reduced the activity of PEPC and generated a decline in the content of ATP and NADPH. Our research can provide a theoretical physiological basis for the growth and tolerance of cotton under low-P conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirezhatijiang Kayoumu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Rice Cultivation Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Huiping Gui
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Qian Qi
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Sijia Ruan
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Ruishi Guo
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiling Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (M.S.); (Q.D.); Tel.: +86-0372-2562-308 (Q.D.)
| | - Meizhen Song
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (M.S.); (Q.D.); Tel.: +86-0372-2562-308 (Q.D.)
| | - Qiang Dong
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang 455000, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (M.S.); (Q.D.); Tel.: +86-0372-2562-308 (Q.D.)
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Barłóg P, Grzebisz W, Łukowiak R. Fertilizers and Fertilization Strategies Mitigating Soil Factors Constraining Efficiency of Nitrogen in Plant Production. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1855. [PMID: 35890489 PMCID: PMC9319167 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizer Use Efficiency (FUE) is a measure of the potential of an applied fertilizer to increase its impact on the uptake and utilization of nitrogen (N) present in the soil/plant system. The productivity of N depends on the supply of those nutrients in a well-defined stage of yield formation that are decisive for its uptake and utilization. Traditionally, plant nutritional status is evaluated by using chemical methods. However, nowadays, to correct fertilizer doses, the absorption and reflection of solar radiation is used. Fertilization efficiency can be increased not only by adjusting the fertilizer dose to the plant's requirements, but also by removing all of the soil factors that constrain nutrient uptake and their transport from soil to root surface. Among them, soil compaction and pH are relatively easy to correct. The goal of new the formulas of N fertilizers is to increase the availability of N by synchronization of its release with the plant demand. The aim of non-nitrogenous fertilizers is to increase the availability of nutrients that control the effectiveness of N present in the soil/plant system. A wide range of actions is required to reduce the amount of N which can pollute ecosystems adjacent to fields.
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