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Idoudi M, Slatni T, Laifa I, Rhimi N, Rabhi M, Hernández-Apaolaza L, Zorrig W, Abdelly C. Silicon (Si) mitigates the negative effects of iron deficiency in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by improving photosystem activities and nutritional status. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108236. [PMID: 38064901 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust after oxygen. Its beneficial impact on crop development and yield, particularly under stressful conditions such as iron (Fe) deficiency, has been well documented. Fe deficiency is a critical constraint that limits crop production globally. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of silicon (Na2SiO3) on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Coco Rose' variety) under iron-deficient conditions. The common bean plants were subjected to six treatments, which included three sufficient iron treatments (50 μM Fe) each paired with three varying silicon concentrations (0, 0.25, and 0.5 mM Si), and three iron-deficient treatments (0.1 μM Fe) each associated with the same silicon concentrations (0, 0.25, and 0.5 mM Si). The results indicate that iron deficiency had a negative impact on almost all the measured parameters. However, under silicon treatments, especially with 0.5 mM Si, the depressive effects of iron deficiency were significantly mitigated. The addition of 0.5 mM Si alleviated leaf chlorosis and improved biomass production, nutritional status, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic gas exchange, and photosystem (PSI and PSII) activities. Interestingly, a greater beneficial effect of silicon was observed on PSII compared to PSI. This was accompanied by a significant augmentation in leaf iron concentration by 42%. Therefore, by enhancing the photosystem activities and nutritional status, among other mechanisms, silicon is capable of mitigating the adverse effects of iron-deficient conditions, making it a successful and effective solution to cope with this nutritional stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Idoudi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Slatni
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis (FST), University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Israa Laifa
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Nassira Rhimi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mokded Rabhi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lourdes Hernández-Apaolaza
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Walid Zorrig
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Zhang E, Zhu X, Wang W, Sun Y, Tian X, Chen Z, Mou X, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Fang Z, Ravenscroft N, O’Connor D, Chang X, Yan M. Metabolomics reveals the response of hydroprimed maize to mitigate the impact of soil salinization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1109460. [PMID: 37351217 PMCID: PMC10282767 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a major environmental stressor hindering global crop production. Hydropriming has emerged as a promising approach to reduce salt stress and enhance crop yields on salinized land. However, a better mechanisitic understanding is required to improve salt stress tolerance. We used a biochemical and metabolomics approach to study the effect of salt stress of hydroprimed maize to identify the types and variation of differentially accumulated metabolites. Here we show that hydropriming significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity, soluble sugar and proline content, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and peroxide (H2O2) content. Conversely, hydropriming had no significant effect on POD activity, soluble protein and MDA content under salt stress. The Metabolite analysis indicated that salt stress significantly increased the content of 1278 metabolites and decreased the content of 1044 metabolites. Ethisterone (progesterone) was the most important metabolite produced in the roots of unprimed samples in response to salt s tress. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, which relate to scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), was the most significant metabolic pathway related to salt stress. Hydropriming significantly increased the content of 873 metabolites and significantly decreased the content of 1313 metabolites. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, a methyl donor for methionine, was the most important metabolite produced in the roots of hydroprimed samples in response to salt stress. Plant growth regulator, such as melatonin, gibberellin A8, estrone, abscisic acid and brassinolide involved in both treatment. Our results not only verify the roles of key metabolites in resisting salt stress, but also further evidence that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and plant growth regulator relate to salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enying Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingjian Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Tian
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinshang Mou
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yueheng Wei
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixuan Fang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Neil Ravenscroft
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
- International Agriculture University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - David O’Connor
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Xianmin Chang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Min Yan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Ramírez E, Chaâbene Z, Hernández-Apaolaza L, Rekik M, Elleuch A, de la Fuente V. Seed priming to optimize germination in Arthrocnemum Moq. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:527. [PMID: 36376813 PMCID: PMC9661790 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed germination and seedling growth constitute the first stage of a plant's life cycle for crop establishment. Arthrocnemum Moq. is a halophyte of the subfamily Salicornioideae (Amaranthaceae), which could be recognized in the foreseeable future as an emerging candidate in applied biosaline agricultural programs, mainly due to the large biomass it represents in coastal and inland saltmarshes, in addition to its interesting nutritional and pharmacological properties. However, to ensure their subsequent use as a crop, it is necessary to optimize their germination through appropriate seed priming treatments. The main goal of this work was to seek the optimization of Arthrocnemum germination process using different pretreatments: exposure to sodium chloride (100 to 1200 mM) in the dark and its subsequent transferred to distilled water separately and together with the combination of pH (5, 7, 9), salinity (0, 100, 200 mM NaCl), and iron conditions (0, 200, 400 µM FeSO4). The experiments were tested on six samples of two different species: A. meridionale (from Tunisia) and A. macrostachyum (from Spain). RESULTS Salinity priming of seeds for 15 days in darkness improved germination percentages by almost 25% at 600 mM NaCl, in both Tunisian and Spanish species. However, keeping seeds at different salt concentrations for 30 days produced higher improvement percentages at lower concentrations in A. meridionale (100-200 mM NaCl), while in A. macrostachyum the highest improvement percentages were obtained at 600 mM NaCl (percentage improvement of 47%). When the dark time period is reduced to 5 days at higher salt concentrations, the greater germination percentages were reached in all the samples at the concentration of 800 mM NaCl, increasing the improvement of germination between 17 and 50%. Finally, the conditions of pH = 7, pretreatment in darkness at 800 mM NaCl and 400 µM or iron, turned out to be an effective medium for seed germination. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, before using Arthrocnemum seeds in applied biotechnological programs, a seed priming treatment based on prior exposure to high salt concentrations (600-1000 mM NaCl) is recommended in order to maximize germination percentages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Ramírez
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Zayneb Chaâbene
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Lourdes Hernández-Apaolaza
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Mariem Rekik
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Amine Elleuch
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Vicenta de la Fuente
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
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