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Duan Y, Jiang L, Lei T, Ouyang K, Liu C, Zhao Z, Li Y, Yang L, Li J, Yi S, Gao S. Increasing Ca 2+ accumulation in salt glands under salt stress increases stronger selective secretion of Na + in Plumbago auriculata tetraploids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1376427. [PMID: 38685960 PMCID: PMC11056565 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1376427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Under salt stress, recretohalophyte Plumbago auriculata tetraploids enhance salt tolerance by increasing selective secretion of Na+ compared with that in diploids, although the mechanism is unclear. Using non-invasive micro-test technology, the effect of salt gland Ca2+ content on Na+ and K+ secretion were investigated in diploid and tetraploid P. auriculata under salt stress. Salt gland Ca2+ content and secretion rates of Na+ and K+ were higher in tetraploids than in diploids under salt stress. Addition of exogenous Ca2+ increased the Ca2+ content of the salt gland in diploids and is accompanied by an increase in the rate of Na+ and K+ secretion. With addition of a Ca2+ channel inhibitor, diploid salt glands retained large amounts of Ca2+, leading to higher Ca2+ content and Na+ secretion rate than those of tetraploids. Inhibiting H2O2 generation and H+-ATPase activity altered Na+ and K+ secretion rates in diploids and tetraploids under salt stress, indicating involvement in regulating Na+ and K+ secretion. Our results indicate that the increased Na+ secretion rate of salt gland in tetraploids under salt stress was associated with elevated Ca2+ content in salt gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Duan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqiong Jiang
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Lei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keyu Ouyang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cailei Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi’an Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yirui Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiani Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shouli Yi
- College of Fine Art and Calligraphy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suping Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Liu C, Mao B, Zhang Y, Tian L, Ma B, Chen Z, Wei Z, Li A, Shao Y, Cheng G, Li L, Li W, Zhang D, Ding X, Peng J, Peng Y, He J, Ye N, Yuan D, Chu C, Duan M. The OsWRKY72-OsAAT30/OsGSTU26 module mediates reactive oxygen species scavenging to drive heterosis for salt tolerance in hybrid rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:709-730. [PMID: 38483018 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) generally outperforms its inbred parents in yield and stress tolerance, a phenomenon termed heterosis, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Here, we combined transcriptome, proteome, physiological, and heterosis analyses to examine the salt response of super hybrid rice Chaoyou1000 (CY1000). In addition to surpassing the mean values for its two parents (mid-parent heterosis), CY1000 exhibited a higher reactive oxygen species scavenging ability than both its parents (over-parent heterosis or heterobeltiosis). Nonadditive expression and allele-specific gene expression assays showed that the glutathione S-transferase gene OsGSTU26 and the amino acid transporter gene OsAAT30 may have major roles in heterosis for salt tolerance, acting in an overdominant fashion in CY1000. Furthermore, we identified OsWRKY72 as a common transcription factor that binds and regulates OsGSTU26 and OsAAT30. The salt-sensitive phenotypes were associated with the OsWRKY72paternal genotype or the OsAAT30maternal genotype in core rice germplasm varieties. OsWRKY72paternal specifically repressed the expression of OsGSTU26 under salt stress, leading to salinity sensitivity, while OsWRKY72maternal specifically repressed OsAAT30, resulting in salinity tolerance. These results suggest that the OsWRKY72-OsAAT30/OsGSTU26 module may play an important role in heterosis for salt tolerance in an overdominant fashion in CY1000 hybrid rice, providing valuable clues to elucidate the mechanism of heterosis for salinity tolerance in hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citao Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhongwei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Aifu Li
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ye Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Gongye Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoping Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | | | - Yulin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jiwai He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress Biology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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3
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Mohammed KAS, Hussein HM, Elshamly AMS. Monitoring plant responses in field-grown peanuts exposed to exogenously applied chitosan under full and limited irrigation levels. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6244. [PMID: 38485993 PMCID: PMC10940646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, numerous studies have examined the effects of climate change on the responses of plants. These studies have primarily examined the effects of solitary stress on plants, neglecting the simultaneous effects of mixed stress, which are anticipated to transpire frequently as a result of the extreme climatic fluctuations. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of applied chitosan on boosting the resistance responses of peanuts to alkali and mixed drought-alkali stresses. Peanuts were grown in mid-alkaline soil and irrigated with full irrigation water requirements (100%IR), represented alkali condition (100% IR × alkali soil) and stress conditions (70% IR × alkali soil-represented mixed drought-alkali conditions). Additionally, the plants were either untreated or treated with foliar chitosan. The study evaluated various plant physio-chemical characteristics, including element contents (leaves and roots), seed yield, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Plants that experienced solitary alkali stress were found to be more vulnerable. However, chitosan applications were effective for reducing (soil pH and sodium absorption), alongside promoting examined physio-chemical measurements, yield traits, and IWUE. Importantly, when chitosan was applied under alkali conditions, the accumulations of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) in leaves and roots were maximized. Under mixed drought-alkali stresses, the results revealed a reduction in yield, reaching about 5.1 and 5.8% lower than under (100% IR × alkali), in the first and second seasons, respectively. Interestingly, treated plants under mixed drought-alkali stresses with chitosan recorded highest values of relative water content, proline, yield, IWUE, and nutrient uptake of (nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium) as well as the lowest sodium content in leaves and roots. Enhances the accumulation of (N, K, and Mg) instead of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) was the primary plant response to chitosan applications, which averted severe damage caused by mixed drought-alkali conditions, over time. These findings provide a framework of the nutrient homeostasis changes induced by chitosan under mixed stresses. Based on the findings, it is recommended under mixed drought-alkali conditions to treat plants with chitosan. This approach offers a promising perspective for achieving optimal yield with reduced water usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem A S Mohammed
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Hussein Mohamed Hussein
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman M S Elshamly
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
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Pan L, Yang N, Sui Y, Li Y, Zhao W, Zhang L, Mu L, Tang Z. Altitudinal Variation on Metabolites, Elements, and Antioxidant Activities of Medicinal Plant Asarum. Metabolites 2023; 13:1193. [PMID: 38132875 PMCID: PMC10745449 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Asarum (Asarum sieboldii Miq. f. seoulense (Nakai) C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang) is a medicinal plant that contains asarinin and sesamin, which possess extensive medicinal value. The adaptation and distribution of Asarum's plant growth are significantly affected by altitude. Although most studies on Asarum have concentrated on its pharmacological activities, little is known about its growth and metabolites with respect to altitude. In this study, the physiology, ionomics, and metabolomics were investigated and conducted on the leaves and roots of Asarum along an altitude gradient, and the content of its medicinal components was determined. The results showed that soil pH and temperature both decreased along the altitude, which restricts the growth of Asarum. The accumulation of TOC, Cu, Mg, and other mineral elements enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and leaf plasticity of Asarum in high-altitude areas. A metabolomics analysis revealed that, at high altitude, nitrogen metabolism in leaves was enhanced, while carbon metabolism in roots was enhanced. Furthermore, the metabolic pathways of some phenolic substances, including syringic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid, were altered to enhance the metabolism of organic acids. The study uncovered the growth and metabolic responses of Asarum to varying altitudes, providing a theoretical foundation for the utilization and cultivation of Asarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liben Pan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Yushu Sui
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Yi Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134002, China;
| | - Liqiang Mu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
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Zhang B, Sun Q, Chen Z, Shu F, Chen J. Evaluation of zinc tolerance and accumulation in eight cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.): implications for zinc phytoremediation. Biometals 2023; 36:1377-1390. [PMID: 37530928 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a vital element for plant growth and development, however, excessive Zn is toxic to plants. Common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) and hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) are widely used turfgrass species with strong tolerance to diverse abiotic stresses, including excessive Zn2+ stress. However, the variation of zinc tolerance and accumulation in different bermudagrass cultivars remain unclear. In this study, we systematically analyzed the growth performance, physiological index and ion concentration in eight commercial cultivars of common and hybrid bermudagrass under different concentration of Zn2+ treatments using pot experiments. The results indicated that four cultivars of common bermudagrass could tolerate 20 mM Zn2+, whereas four cultivars of hybrid bermudagrass could only tolerate 10 mM Zn2+. Among the four common bermudagrass cultivars, cultivar Guanzhong and Common showed stronger Zn tolerance and accumulation abilities than other two cultivars. Further analyses of the expression of selected Zn homeostasis-related genes indicated that bermudagrass cultivars with stronger tolerance to excessive Zn have at least one expression-elevated gene involved in Zn homeostasis. These results not only expanded our understanding of Zn tolerance and accumulation in bermudagrass but also facilitated the application of commercial bermudagrass cultivars in phytoremediation of Zn pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Qixue Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhuoting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Fangzhi Shu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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6
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Zhou Z, Liu J, Meng W, Sun Z, Tan Y, Liu Y, Tan M, Wang B, Yang J. Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Molecular Mechanisms of Rice with Different Salinity Tolerances. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3359. [PMID: 37836098 PMCID: PMC10574619 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a crucial global food crop, but it lacks a natural tolerance to high salt levels, resulting in significant yield reductions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying rice's salt tolerance, further research is required. In this study, the transcriptomic and metabolomic differences between the salt-tolerant rice variety Lianjian5 (TLJIAN) and the salt-sensitive rice variety Huajing5 (HJING) were examined. Transcriptome analysis revealed 1518 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 46 previously reported salt-tolerance-related genes. Notably, most of the differentially expressed transcription factors, such as NAC, WRKY, MYB, and EREBP, were upregulated in the salt-tolerant rice. Metabolome analysis identified 42 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) that were upregulated in TLJIAN, including flavonoids, pyrocatechol, lignans, lipids, and trehalose-6-phosphate, whereas the majority of organic acids were downregulated in TLJIAN. The interaction network of 29 differentially expressed transporter genes and 19 upregulated metabolites showed a positive correlation between the upregulated calcium/cation exchange protein genes (OsCCX2 and CCX5_Ath) and ABC transporter gene AB2E_Ath with multiple upregulated DAMs in the salt-tolerant rice variety. Similarly, in the interaction network of differentially expressed transcription factors and 19 upregulated metabolites in TLJIAN, 6 NACs, 13 AP2/ERFs, and the upregulated WRKY transcription factors were positively correlated with 3 flavonoids, 3 lignans, and the lipid oleamide. These results suggested that the combined effects of differentially expressed transcription factors, transporter genes, and DAMs contribute to the enhancement of salt tolerance in TLJIAN. Moreover, this study provides a valuable gene-metabolite network reference for understanding the salt tolerance mechanism in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.L.); (W.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Wenna Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.L.); (W.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yiluo Tan
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Liu
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mingpu Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.L.); (W.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Baoxiang Wang
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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7
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Sarath NG, Shackira AM, Puthur JT. Adaptive physio-anatomical modulations and ionomics of Volkameria inermis L. in response to NaCl. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:114-130. [PMID: 37405369 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2229443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
This study illustrates the salinity tolerance mechanisms in Volkameria inermis (a mangrove-associate), making it an ideal candidate for establishment in saline lands. The plant was exposed to 100, 200, 300, and 400 mM NaCl and the TI value indicates that the stress-imparting concentration was 400 mM. There was a decrease in biomass and tissue water, and a gradual increase in osmolytes like soluble sugars, proline, and free amino acids content was observed in plantlets with the increase in NaCl concentrations. Higher number of lignified cells in the vascular region of the plantlet's leaves treated with NaCl (400 mM) may influence the transport through the conducting tissues. SEM data reveals the presence of thick-walled xylem elements, an increased number of trichomes, and partially/fully closed stomata in the 400 mM NaCl-treated samples of V. inermis. In general, macro and micronutrient distribution tend to be affected in the NaCl-treated plantlets. However, Na content increased remarkably in plantlets treated with NaCl, and the highest accumulation was observed in roots (5.58-fold). Volkameria inermis can be a good option for phytodesalination in salt-affected areas since it is equipped with strong NaCl tolerance strategies and can be exploited for desalinization purpose of salt affected lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nair G Sarath
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, University of Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | | | - Jos T Puthur
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, University of Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Roychowdhury R, Das SP, Gupta A, Parihar P, Chandrasekhar K, Sarker U, Kumar A, Ramrao DP, Sudhakar C. Multi-Omics Pipeline and Omics-Integration Approach to Decipher Plant's Abiotic Stress Tolerance Responses. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1281. [PMID: 37372461 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present day's ongoing global warming and climate change adversely affect plants through imposing environmental (abiotic) stresses and disease pressure. The major abiotic factors such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, etc., hamper a plant's innate growth and development, resulting in reduced yield and quality, with the possibility of undesired traits. In the 21st century, the advent of high-throughput sequencing tools, state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques and bioinformatic analyzing pipelines led to the easy characterization of plant traits for abiotic stress response and tolerance mechanisms by applying the 'omics' toolbox. Panomics pipeline including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, proteogenomics, interactomics, ionomics, phenomics, etc., have become very handy nowadays. This is important to produce climate-smart future crops with a proper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress responses by the plant's genes, transcripts, proteins, epigenome, cellular metabolic circuits and resultant phenotype. Instead of mono-omics, two or more (hence 'multi-omics') integrated-omics approaches can decipher the plant's abiotic stress tolerance response very well. Multi-omics-characterized plants can be used as potent genetic resources to incorporate into the future breeding program. For the practical utility of crop improvement, multi-omics approaches for particular abiotic stress tolerance can be combined with genome-assisted breeding (GAB) by being pyramided with improved crop yield, food quality and associated agronomic traits and can open a new era of omics-assisted breeding. Thus, multi-omics pipelines together are able to decipher molecular processes, biomarkers, targets for genetic engineering, regulatory networks and precision agriculture solutions for a crop's variable abiotic stress tolerance to ensure food security under changing environmental circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Roychowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)-The Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion 7505101, Israel
| | - Soumya Prakash Das
- School of Bioscience, Seacom Skills University, Bolpur 731236, West Bengal, India
| | - Amber Gupta
- Dr. Vikram Sarabhai Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kottakota Chandrasekhar
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Sri Krishnadevaraya College of Agricultural Sciences (SKCAS), Affiliated to Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Guntur 522034, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Vishwamitra (M.V.) College, Buxar 802102, Bihar, India
| | - Devade Pandurang Ramrao
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Pachhunga University College Campus, Aizawl 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Chinta Sudhakar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Zhao X, Wu Y, Xing D, Li H, Zhang F. Water Metabolism of Lonicera japonica and Parthenocissus quinquefolia in Response to Heterogeneous Simulated Rock Outcrop Habitats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2279. [PMID: 37375904 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The karst carbon sink caused by rock outcrops results in enrichment of the bicarbonate in soil, affecting the physiological process of plants in an all-round way. Water is the basis of plant growth and metabolic activities. In heterogeneous rock outcrop habitats, the impact of bicarbonate enrichment on the intracellular water metabolism of plant leaf is still unclear, which needs to be revealed. In this paper, the Lonicera japonica and Parthenocissus quinquefolia plants were selected as experimental materials, and electrophysiological indices were used to study their water holding, transfer and use efficiency under three simulated rock outcrop habitats, i.e., rock/soil ratio as 1, 1/4 and 0. By synchronously determining and analyzing the leaf water content, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the response characteristics of water metabolism within leaf cells to the heterogeneous rock outcrop habitats were revealed. The results showed that the soil bicarbonate content in rock outcrop habitats increased with increasing rock/soil ratio. Under the treatment of a higher concentration of bicarbonate, the leaf intra- and intercellular water acquisition and transfer efficiency as well as the photosynthetic utilization capacity of P. quinquefolia decreased, the leaf water content was lower, and those plants had low bicarbonate utilization efficiency, which greatly weakened their drought resistance. However, the Lonicera japonica had a high bicarbonate use capacity when facing the enrichment of bicarbonate within cells, the above-mentioned capacity could significantly improve the water status of the leaves, and the water content and intracellular water-holding capacity of plant leaves in large rock outcrop habitats were significantly better than in non-rock outcrop habitats. In addition, the higher intracellular water-holding capacity was likely to maintain the stability of the intra- and intercellular water environment, thus ensuring the full development of its photosynthetic metabolic capacity, and the stable intracellular water-use efficiency also made itself more vigorous under karstic drought. Taken together, the results suggested that the water metabolic traits of Lonicera japonica made it more adaptable to karst environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanyou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Deke Xing
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Qingzhen 551400, China
| | - Furong Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Yan G, Shi Y, Mu C, Wang J. Differences in Organic Solute and Metabolites of Leymus chinensis in Response to Different Intensities of Salt and Alkali Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091916. [PMID: 37176974 PMCID: PMC10181334 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To explore differences in the physiological metabolic response mechanisms of grassland perennial plants to different intensities of salt-alkali stress, we employed GC-MS to identify the metabolome of perennial rhizome-saline-tolerant Leymus chinensis (L. chinensis). L. chinensis reduced stress damage by accumulating osmotic solutes during salt-alkali stress, although the types of accumulated solutes varied with stress and concentration gradients. Soluble sugars increased only under mild salt-alkali stress. Under salt and mild alkali stress, amino acids increased. Under severe salt-alkali stress, organic acids increased. Betaine increased as a typical osmolute under salt-alkali stress. Metabolic analysis identified 20 metabolites, including 4 amino acids, 6 sugars, and 10 organic acids. The majority of them increased in response to stress. Under mild salt stress, the metabolites included glycine and proline. Under mild alkali stress, they primarily consisted of sugars such as isomaltose and lactulose, whereas under severe salt-alkali stress, they primarily consisted of organic acids such as citric acid and isocitric acid. Pathway analysis showed that six pathways were affected. Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism was affected under mild salt stress. Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism and butanota metabolism were affected under mild alkali stress, while energy metabolism pathways, such as the TCA cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, were affected under severe salt-alkali stress. The results indicate the importance of betaine in stress resistance and the significance of organic acid in severe salt stress, and they also demonstrate that energy supply was one of the key mechanisms in response to severe salt-alkali stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, No. 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, No. 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Chunsheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, No. 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, No. 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
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Ju F, Sun L, Xiong C, Wang Z, Yu H, Pang J, Bai H, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Chen B. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed the key pathways and hub genes of potassium regulating cotton root adaptation to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132877. [PMID: 36938049 PMCID: PMC10014550 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the main abiotic stresses affecting cotton yield and planting area. Potassium application has been proven to be an important strategy to reduce salt damage in agricultural production. However, the mechanism of potassium regulating the salt adaptability of cotton has not been fully elucidated. In the present research, the appropriate potassium application rate for alleviating salt damage of cotton based on different K+/Na+ ratios we screened, and a gene co-expression network based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) using the transcriptome data sets treated with CK (0 mM NaCl), S (150 mM NaCl), and SK8 (150 mM NaCl + 9.38 mM K2SO4) was constructed. In this study, four key modules that are highly related to potassium regulation of cotton salt tolerance were identified, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glutathione metabolism pathway were identified as the key biological processes and metabolic pathways for potassium to improve cotton root salt adaptability. In addition, 21 hub genes and 120 key candidate genes were identified in this study, suggesting that they may play an important role in the enhancement of salt adaptability of cotton by potassium. The key modules, key biological pathways and hub genes discovered in this study will provide a new understanding of the molecular mechanism of potassium enhancing salinity adaptability in cotton, and lay a theoretical foundation for the improvement and innovation of high-quality cotton germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Ju
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Sun
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Cai Xiong
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Huilian Yu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Pang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, United States
| | - Wengqing Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
| | - Binglin Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China
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