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Dali G, Logge W, Riordan B, Conner TS, Manning V, Millan EZ, McNally GP, Haber PS, Morley KC. The role of impulsivity in the relationship between affect and alcohol consumption in young adults. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:2161-2168. [PMID: 38226746 PMCID: PMC10946841 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretical models of alcohol use posit that individuals consume alcohol to ameliorate negative affect or to heighten positive affect. It is important, however, to consider the influence of factors that may determine an individual's tendency to consume excessive amounts of alcohol under positive and negative circumstances. Thus, the current study examined a large sample of young adults to clarify whether positive and negative affect predict total alcohol consumption on drinking days and whether facets of impulsivity moderate these relationships. METHODS Six-hundred ninety-three young adults (Mage = 19.71 years, SD = 2.04; female = 62.9%) completed the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales at baseline followed by daily measures of positive and negative affect and self-reported alcohol use for 13 days. Generalized linear mixed models were specified to assess the role of pre-consumption affect on total drinks consumed across drinking days and to determine the moderating effect of each BIS/BAS subscale. RESULTS Participants were significantly more likely to drink in greater quantities on occasions preceded by higher positive affect but not negative affect. While fun-seeking positively predicted total drinks consumed, there were no significant interaction effects between the BIS/BAS subscales and affect on total drinks consumed. CONCLUSIONS These findings challenge existing affect regulation models and have implications for ecological momentary interventions aimed at addressing hazardous drinking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gezelle Dali
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research (Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology)Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Warren Logge
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research (Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology)Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Benjamin Riordan
- Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research (Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology)Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Centre for Alcohol Policy ResearchLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Victoria Manning
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Turning Point, Eastern HealthRichmondVictoriaAustralia
| | - E. Zayra Millan
- School of PsychologyUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Gavan P. McNally
- School of PsychologyUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Paul S. Haber
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research (Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology)Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kirsten C. Morley
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research (Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology)Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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2
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Agarwal K, Manza P, Tejeda HA, Courville AB, Volkow ND, Joseph PV. Risk Assessment of Maladaptive Behaviors in Adolescents: Nutrition, Screen Time, Prenatal Exposure, Childhood Adversities - Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. J Adolesc Health 2023:S1054-139X(23)00443-3. [PMID: 37804305 PMCID: PMC10999504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify significant contributing factors to the risk of maladaptive behaviors, such as alcohol use disorder or obesity, in children. To achieve this, we utilized the extensive adolescent brain cognitive development data set, which encompasses a wide range of environmental, social, and nutritional factors. METHODS We divided our sample into equal sets (test, validation; n = 3,415 each). On exploratory factor analysis, six factor domains were identified as most significant (fat/sugar intake, screen time, and prenatal alcohol exposure, parental aggressiveness, hyperactivity, family violence, parental education, and family income) and used to stratify the children into low- (n = 975), medium- (n = 967), high- (n = 977) risk groups. Regression models were used to analyze the relationship between identified risk groups, and differences in reward sensitivity, and behavioral problems at 2-year follow-up. RESULTS The functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses showed reduced activation in several brain regions during reward or loss anticipation in high/medium-risk (vs. low-risk) children on a monetary incentive delay task. High-risk children exhibited heightened middle frontal cortex activity when receiving large rewards. They also displayed increased impulsive and motivated reward-seeking behaviors, along with behavioral problems. These findings replicated in our validation set, and a negative correlation between middle frontal cortexthickness and impulsivity behavior was observed in high-risk children. DISCUSSION Our findings show altered reward function and increased impulsiveness in high-risk adolescents. This study has implications for early risk identification and the development of prevention strategies for maladaptive behaviors in children, particularly those at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Agarwal
- Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland; National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hugo A Tejeda
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amber B Courville
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nora D Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Paule V Joseph
- Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland; National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, Maryland.
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3
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Morris V, Keough MT, Stewart SH, O'Connor RM. Coping and Conformity Motives Mediate the Joint Effects of the Behavioral Inhibition and Approach Systems on Alcohol Problems in Young Adults. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:787-795. [PMID: 36943012 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2188460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Gray's original Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) posits that an oversensitive behavioral inhibition system (BIS) may increase risk for negative-reinforcement-motivated drinking, given its role in anxiety. However, existing data provides mixed support for the BIS-alcohol use association. The inconsistent evidence is not surprising, as the revised RST predicts that the behavioral approach system (BAS) should moderate the effect of the BIS on alcohol use. A strong BAS is thought to bring attention to the negatively reinforcing effects of alcohol, leading to problem drinking among those with a strong BIS. While emerging results support this interaction, we still have much to learn about the mechanisms underlying this effect on alcohol use. Accordingly, we examined motives for alcohol use as mediators of the joint associations of the BIS and the BAS on drinking behaviors. Specifically, our central hypothesis was that individuals with a strong BIS and a strong BAS would endorse increased negative reinforcement motives for drinking (coping and conformity motives), which in turn would predict heavy drinking and alcohol problems. Method: Participants (N=346; 195 women) completed study measures as part of the baseline assessment for a larger study. Results: Overall, results partially supported the hypotheses. Mediated moderation analyses showed that the indirect effect of the BIS on alcohol problems, through coping and conformity motives, was strongest at high levels of the BAS. This effect was not supported for alcohol use. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that clinical interventions should target coping and conformity reasons for drinking among anxious, reward responsive, young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Morris
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, Canada
| | | | - Sherry H Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
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4
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Dong H, Zheng H, Wang M, Ye S, Dong GH. The unbalanced behavioral activation and inhibition system sensitivity in internet gaming disorder: Evidence from resting-state Granger causal connectivity analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 119:110582. [PMID: 35661790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with behavioral or substance addiction show an unbalanced behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity. However, the relationship between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and BAS/BIS is obscure and the neurobiological mechanism underlying this relationship remains unclear. METHODS We recruited 154 IGDs and 229 recreational game users (RGUs) in the current study. First, we explored the relationship between BAS/BIS and IGD. Second, subjects were subdivided into subgroups by BAS/BIS sensitivity. Third, whole-brain Granger causal connectivity (GCC) of striatum and amygdala subdivisions was estimated for the subgroup. Fourth, mediation analysis was performed to explore the role of connectivity in the relationship between IGD and BAS/BIS sensitivity. RESULTS We found the IGD group scored higher than the RGU on BIS and BASf (fun-seeking) sensitivity. Then, we identified 4 (2*2) subgroups: low/high risk of IGD with low/high BAS/BIS sensitivity groups. Two-way ANCOVA main results of interaction effects showed that in the high BAS/BIS group, the RGU exhibited increased strength in the GCC from the left putamen to the right cuneus, and the IGD exhibited decreased strength in the GCC from the right medial frontal gyrus to the caudate, from the left superior frontal gyrus to the centromedial amygdala, and from the right superior parietal lobule to the left laterobasal amygdala. Moreover, the GCC from the centromedial amygdala to the middle frontal gyrus mediated the directional relationship between BIS and IAT (Young's internet addiction test) scores. CONCLUSIONS The IGD individuals exhibited higher BIS and BAS-fun seeking sensitivity. Moreover, IGD with unbalanced BAS/BIS sensitivity exhibited alternative connectivity patterns involving amygdala and striatum subdivisions. These findings suggest a neurobiological mechanism for an alternation between IGD and RGU with different BAS/BIS sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Dong
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shuer Ye
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Guang-Heng Dong
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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5
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Martínez-Loredo V, González-Roz A, Secades-Villa R, Fernández-Hermida JR, MacKillop J. Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Purchase Task for measuring the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction 2021; 116:2635-2650. [PMID: 33338263 PMCID: PMC9186155 DOI: 10.1111/add.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An early meta-analysis testing the concurrent validity of the Alcohol Purchase Task (APT), a measure of alcohol's relative reinforcing value, reported mixed associations, but predated a large number of studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to: (1) estimate the relationships between trait-based alcohol demand indices from the APT and multiple alcohol indicators, (2) test several moderators and (3) analyze small study effects. METHODS A meta-analysis of 50 cross-sectional studies in four databases (n = 18 466, females = 43.32%). Sex, year of publication, number of APT prices and index transformations (logarithmic, square root or none) were considered as moderators. Small study effects were examined by using the Begg-Mazumdar, Egger's and Duval & Tweedie's trim-and-fill tests. Alcohol indicators were quantity of alcohol use, number of heavy drinking episodes, alcohol-related problems and hazardous drinking. APT indices were intensity (i.e. consumption at zero cost), elasticity (i.e. sensitivity to increases in costs), Omax (i.e. maximum expenditure), Pmax (i.e. price associated to Omax ) and breakpoint (i.e. price at which consumption ceases). RESULTS All alcohol demand indices were significantly associated with all alcohol-related outcomes (r = 0.132-0.494), except Pmax , which was significantly associated with alcohol-related problems only (r = 0.064). The greatest associations were evinced between intensity in relation to alcohol use, hazardous drinking and heavy drinking and between Omax and alcohol use. All the tested moderators emerged as significant moderators. Evidence of small-study effects was limited. CONCLUSIONS The Alcohol Purchase Task appears to have concurrent validity in alcohol research. Intensity and Omax are the most relevant indices to account for alcohol involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Martínez-Loredo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alba González-Roz
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Research Institute on Health Sciences, Palma de Mallorca, Spain,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton/McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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6
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Esteves M, Moreira PS, Sousa N, Leite-Almeida H. Assessing Impulsivity in Humans and Rodents: Taking the Translational Road. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:647922. [PMID: 34025369 PMCID: PMC8134540 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.647922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct encompassing domains of behavioral inhibition as well as of decision making. It is often adaptive and associated with fast responses, being in that sense physiological. However, abnormal manifestations of impulsive behavior can be observed in contexts of drug abuse and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), among others. A number of tools have therefore been devised to assess the different facets of impulsivity in both normal and pathological contexts. In this narrative review, we systematize behavioral and self-reported measures of impulsivity and critically discuss their constructs and limitations, establishing a parallel between assessments in humans and rodents. The first rely on paradigms that are typically designed to assess a specific dimension of impulsivity, within either impulsive action (inability to suppress a prepotent action) or impulsive choice, which implies a decision that weighs the costs and benefits of the options. On the other hand, self-reported measures are performed through questionnaires, allowing assessment of impulsivity dimensions that would be difficult to mimic in an experimental setting (e.g., positive/negative urgency and lack of premeditation) and which are therefore difficult (if not impossible) to measure in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Esteves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Silva Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal.,Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Hugo Leite-Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
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7
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Bresin K, Mekawi Y. The "Why" of Drinking Matters: A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Drinking Motives and Drinking Outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 45:38-50. [PMID: 33206387 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of how drinking motives are differentially associated with alcohol use (e.g., frequency, quantity) and drinking problems is critical in understanding risky drinking and the development of alcohol use disorder. The purpose of this paper was to use meta-analytic techniques to answer 2 overarching questions: (a) Which types of drinking motives (i.e., enhancement, coping, social, conformity) are most strongly associated with alcohol use and drinking problems? and (b) What are the most likely mechanisms (alcohol use or drinking problems) through which motives may be indirectly associated with outcomes? METHOD A comprehensive literature search identified 229 studies that met inclusion criteria (254 samples; N = 130,705) with a subset containing longitudinal data (k = 5; N = 6283). Data were analyzed using 2-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling. RESULTS Results showed that both enhancement and coping motives were the strongest predictors of drinking problems, but only enhancement motives were the strongest predictor of alcohol use. Enhancement and social motives were indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems and with drinking problems through alcohol use, whereas coping motives were only indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems, although the results differed for cross-sectional and longitudinal data. CONCLUSION Overall, findings from this meta-analysis provide evidence that drinking motives differentially predict alcohol use outcomes through unique direct and indirect pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Bresin
- From the, Department of Psychology, (KB), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (YM), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Ide JS, Li HT, Chen Y, Le TM, Li CSP, Zhornitsky S, Li CSR. Gray matter volumetric correlates of behavioral activation and inhibition system traits in children: An exploratory voxel-based morphometry study of the ABCD project data. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117085. [PMID: 32592852 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Approach and avoidance represent two fundamental behavioral traits that develop early in life. Previous studies have examined the neural correlates of approach and avoidance traits in adults and adolescents. Here, using the data set of the Adolescent Brain Cognition Development project, we investigated the structural cerebral bases of behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) in children. We employed voxel-based morphometry to examine how gray matter volumes (GMV) related specifically to BAS and BIS traits in 11,542 children (5491 girls, age 9-10 years) with 648 and 2697 identified as monozygotic twins (MZ) and dizygotic twins/siblings (DZ), respectively. After accounting for the BIS score, higher BAS scores (residuals) were positively correlated with the GMV of the ventral striatum (VS), and the correlation was stronger in MZ than in DZ and unrelated children, with a heritability (h2) of 0.8463. Higher BAS scores were negatively correlated with the GMV of bilateral visual, lateral orbitofrontal, temporal, and inferior frontal cortex, as well as the precuneus. Higher BIS (after accounting for BAS) scores were negatively correlated with the GMVs of the ventral caudate and bilateral putamen/pallidum, hypothalamus, and right anterior insula, and the correlation was stronger in MZ than in DZ and unrelated children, with a heritability of 0.8848. A cluster in the VS showed positive and negative correlation with the BAS and BIS scores, respectively. These findings suggest shared and distinct cerebral volumetric bases of the BAS and BIS traits in children. Whereas both traits have a strong genetic basis, the BAS relative to BIS appears to be more amenable to environmental influences. These findings add to the literature of developmental neuroscience and may help identify genetic risk factors of externalizing and internalizing psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime S Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Huey-Ting Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Choate Rosemary Hall, Wallingford, CT, 06492, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Thang M Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Clara S P Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Smith College, Northampton, MA, 06492, USA
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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9
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Anderson JC, Chugani CD, Jones KA, Coulter RWS, Chung T, Miller E. Characteristics of precollege sexual violence victimization and associations with sexual violence revictimization during college. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2020; 68:509-517. [PMID: 30908164 PMCID: PMC6761049 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1583237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the prevalence and characteristics of precollege sexual victimization (SV) experiences and associations with revictimization and recent substance use behaviors among a sample of college students who reported precollege SV. Participants: A sub-sample of 931 college students who reported precollege SV at baseline data collection for an ongoing multi-site clinical trial. Methods: Data were collected via electronic surveys between September 2015 and March 2017. Measures included precollege and during college SV, recent substance use, and alcohol-related harm reduction behaviors. Results: Precollege SV characteristics associated with revictimization included: Nonpenile penetration (aOR: 1.51, 95%CI: 1.04-2.19); pressured sex (aOR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.06-2.01); and stranger assault (aOR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1.22-3.40). Past 30-day binge drinking was also associated with revictimization (aOR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.36-2.54). Conclusions: The relationship between precollege SV and alcohol, especially binge drinking, may require a more integrated approach to preventing subsequent revictimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn C. Anderson
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Nursing
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Carla D. Chugani
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Kelley A. Jones
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Tammy Chung
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
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10
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Chugani CD, Byrd AL, Pedersen SL, Chung T, Hipwell AE, Stepp SD. Affective and Sensation-Seeking Pathways Linking Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Alcohol-Related Problems in Young Women. J Pers Disord 2020; 34:420-431. [PMID: 30179582 PMCID: PMC7075353 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2018_32_389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and alcohol use disorder often cooccur, yet we know little about risk processes underlying this association. We tested two mechanistic pathways linking BPD symptoms and alcohol-related problems. In the "affective pathway," we hypothesized that BPD symptoms would be associated with alcohol-related problems through affective instability and drinking to cope. In the "sensation-seeking pathway," we proposed that BPD symptoms would be related to alcohol-related problems through sensation seeking and drinking to enhance positive experiences. We tested a multiple mediation model using age-18 cross-sectional data from the Pittsburgh Girls Study. Results supported both pathways: BPD symptoms had an indirect effect on alcohol-related problems by (1) affective instability and coping motives (β = .03, p < .05), and (2) sensation-seeking and enhancement motives (β = .02, p < .05). These results highlight coping and enhancement drinking motives as possible mechanisms that explain co-occurrence of BPD symptoms and alcohol-related problems in young females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy L. Byrd
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tammy Chung
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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11
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Hallford G, Bakhshaie J, Rodriguez-Cano R, Shepherd JM, Schmidt NB, Zvolensky MJ. A multiple mediation model of trait worry and hazardous drinking among treatment-seeking smokers: the roles of coping and conformity drinking motives. Cogn Behav Ther 2020; 49:398-411. [PMID: 32352348 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2020.1740315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use is associated with poorer smoking cessation-related outcomes, and smokers with elevated levels of worry experience greater smoking cessation problems. Yet, little is known about the explanatory mechanisms that may underlie the relationship between trait worry and hazardous drinking among smokers. Therefore, this study explored the explanatory roles of coping and conformity drinking motives in the relationship between trait worry and hazardous drinking outcomes including alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, maximum number of drinks, and the number of prior alcohol quit attempts among treatment-seeking smokers. Participants included 377 treatment-seeking smokers who consumed at least one alcoholic drink in the last year (48% female; 86.2% Caucasian; M age = 34.83 years, SD = 13.38). Results showed a significant indirect effect of trait worry through coping-related drinking motives in relation to alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, maximum number of drinks, and number of prior drinking quit attempts. These findings were evident after controlling for gender, cigarette dependence, and current psychopathology. These findings suggest that coping drinking motives are one mechanism that may explain the relation between trait worry and hazardous drinking outcomes among treatment-seeking smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Hallford
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruben Rodriguez-Cano
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Norman B Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University , Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA.,HEALTH Institute, University of Houston , Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Bresin K, Fairbairn CE. The Association Between Negative and Positive Affect and Alcohol Use: An Ambulatory Study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2019. [PMID: 31790351 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative and positive affect are proposed to play a crucial role in alcohol use and the development of alcohol use disorder. Results from ambulatory studies that measure momentary affect and subsequent alcohol use have been mixed, particularly regarding negative affect. We attempted to identify within-person moderators (i.e., time between assessments, prior blood alcohol content) that might explain mixed results. METHOD We examined the association between self-reported affect and an objective measure of alcohol consumption (measured via a transdermal ankle bracelet) in a sample of heavy social drinkers across 7 days of ambulatory assessment. RESULTS Our results showed that negative affect was negatively related to later drinking, whereas positive affect was positively related to later drinking. The results showed that these effects were stronger for amount consumed when affect was assessed closer rather than farther in time. CONCLUSIONS These findings are important for understanding affect as an antecedent to alcohol use, which may ultimately have implications for the development of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Bresin
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois.,Psychology Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
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A Multilevel Study of Alcohol Consumption in Young Adults: Self-Efficacy, Peers' Motivations and Protective Strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162827. [PMID: 31398815 PMCID: PMC6720189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In both developing and underdeveloped countries there has been a worrying increase in the number of young people drinking alcohol; this public health problem warrants more research. This multilevel study analyzed the influence of drinking refusal self-efficacy, peers’ motivation, and protective behavioral strategies as predictors of alcohol consumption in a sample of 261 young people arranged into 52 social groups (peers who regularly shared leisure activities). A series of questionnaires were administered individually to evaluate beliefs and behaviors related to alcohol consumption at both individual level (drinking refusal self-efficacy) and peer level (enhancement motivation and protective behavioral strategies). The results showed that the individual variable (drinking refusal self-efficacy) predicted alcohol consumption behaviors. The multilevel design allowed us to evaluate the direct and moderated effects of peers’ enhancement motivation and protective behavioral strategies on the relationship between self-efficacy and drinking behavior. These results show the importance of developing cognitive, behavioral, and educational intervention programs to increase young people and university students’ confidence and ability to use protective strategies, in order to reduce alcohol use.
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Feingold A, MacKinnon DP, Capaldi DM. Mediation analysis with binary outcomes: Direct and indirect effects of pro-alcohol influences on alcohol use disorders. Addict Behav 2019; 94:26-35. [PMID: 30639230 PMCID: PMC6544488 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A risk factor or intervention (an independent variable) may influence a substance abuse outcome (the dependent variable) indirectly, by affecting an intervening variable (a mediator) that in turn affects that outcome. Mediation analysis is a statistical method commonly used to examine the interrelations among independent, mediating, and dependent variables to obtain the direct and indirect effects of an independent variable on a continuous dependent variable. However, mediation analysis may also be used with binary outcomes, such as a diagnosis of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Study 1 demonstrated methods of mediation analysis with binary outcomes by examining the direct and indirect effects of pro-alcohol social influences on an AUD, as a function of: (a) the distribution of the independent variable (binary vs. continuous), (b) the frequency of the outcome (non-rare vs. rare), and (c) the effect metric (probability vs. odds ratio). Study 2 was a Monte Carlo (simulation) study of bias in the indirect effects based on estimates from the first study. These methods have wide applicability in addictions research because many key outcomes are binary, and mediation analysis is frequently used to study the causal mechanisms by which interventions and risk factors affect substance abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Feingold
- Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR, United States.
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Romero-Martínez Á, Vitoria-Estruch S, Moya-Albiol L. Emotional and autonomic dysregulation in abstinent alcoholic men: An idiosyncratic profile? Alcohol 2019; 77:155-162. [PMID: 30664984 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Men who misuse alcohol tend to experience negative affect, which may entail difficulties in regulating emotions to cope effectively with stressful or anxiety-provoking situations, thus increasing the risk of alcohol relapse. This dysphoric state has been associated with alexithymia, which compromises an individual's abilities to acknowledge, recognize, and regulate emotional states. A physiological correlate of emotional regulation is autonomic flexibility, as shown by emotional dysregulation in men who misuse alcohol being correlated with reduced parasympathetic activation to control heart rate variability during stress and/or conflict situations. Hence, the main aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term abstinent alcoholic (LTAA) men exhibit higher levels of negative affect and sympathetic activation (cardiovascular and electrodermal) in response to acute standardized laboratory stress than non-alcoholic controls. In addition, we hypothesized that the higher the alexithymic traits, the greater would be the increase in negative affect and sympathetic activation in response to stress, especially in LTAAs. Our data demonstrated that LTAAs experienced slightly greater increases in anxiety, states of anger, and worsening of mood than controls. Moreover, they exhibited lower high-frequency heart rate variability, respiratory sinus arrhythmia values, shorter pre-ejection periods, and higher respiratory rates than controls. Finally, alexithymic traits imply greater worsening of mood and sympathetic predominance (shorter pre-ejection periods and smaller magnitude of response), with the associations being stronger in LTAAs. These findings indicate a different emotional and cardiovascular response to psychosocial stress in LTAA than non-alcoholic men. Improving our knowledge of the way this population reacts to stress may help identify risk factors for alcohol relapse.
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Demographic, physical and mental health assessments in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study: Rationale and description. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 32:55-66. [PMID: 29113758 PMCID: PMC5934320 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study incorporates a comprehensive range of measures assessing predictors and outcomes related to both mental and physical health across childhood and adolescence. The workgroup developed a battery that would assess a comprehensive range of domains that address study aims while minimizing participant and family burden. We review the major considerations that went into deciding what constructs to cover in the demographics, physical health and mental health domains, as well as the process of selecting measures, piloting and refining the originally proposed battery. We present a description of the baseline battery, as well as the six-month interim assessments and the one-year follow-up assessments. This battery includes assessments from the perspectives of both the parent and the target youth, as well as teacher reports. This battery will provide a foundational baseline assessment of the youth's current function so as to permit characterization of stability and change in key domains over time. The findings from this battery will also be utilized to identify both resilience markers that predict healthy development and risk factors for later adverse outcomes in physical health, mental health, and substance use and abuse.
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Abrantes AM, Scalco MD, O’Donnell S, Minami H, Read JP. Drinking and exercise behaviors among college students: between and within-person associations. J Behav Med 2017; 40:964-977. [DOI: 10.1007/s10865-017-9863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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