1
|
Singer B, Meling D, Hirsch-Hoffmann M, Michels L, Kometer M, Smigielski L, Dornbierer D, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX, Scheidegger M. Psilocybin enhances insightfulness in meditation: a perspective on the global topology of brain imaging during meditation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7211. [PMID: 38531905 PMCID: PMC10966054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, we explored a dataset of functional magnetic resonance images collected during focused attention and open monitoring meditation before and after a five-day psilocybin-assisted meditation retreat using a recently established approach, based on the Mapper algorithm from topological data analysis. After generating subject-specific maps for two groups (psilocybin vs. placebo, 18 subjects/group) of experienced meditators, organizational principles were uncovered using graph topological tools, including the optimal transport (OT) distance, a geometrically rich measure of similarity between brain activity patterns. This revealed characteristics of the topology (i.e. shape) in space (i.e. abstract space of voxels) and time dimension of whole-brain activity patterns during different styles of meditation and psilocybin-induced alterations. Most interestingly, we found that (psilocybin-induced) positive derealization, which fosters insightfulness specifically when accompanied by enhanced open-monitoring meditation, was linked to the OT distance between open-monitoring and resting state. Our findings suggest that enhanced meta-awareness through meditation practice in experienced meditators combined with potential psilocybin-induced positive alterations in perception mediate insightfulness. Together, these findings provide a novel perspective on meditation and psychedelics that may reveal potential novel brain markers for positive synergistic effects between mindfulness practices and psilocybin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berit Singer
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Meling
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hirsch-Hoffmann
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Michels
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kometer
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukasz Smigielski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Dornbierer
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Milan Scheidegger
- Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Winges Conflitti B, Hoffman SJ, Mathiason M. Reducing Menopausal Symptoms With Mindfulness-Based Meditation. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:93-101. [PMID: 38363970 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Midlife women often experience menopausal symptoms despite being treated according to clinical guidelines. The consequences of not addressing menopausal symptoms holistically are that 55% of women see primary care providers frequently with menopausal symptom complaints. The problem was women's lack of coping strategies to deal with their symptoms effectively. The interventions aimed to (1) develop a protocol to provide point-of-care mindfulness-based meditation intervention as a standard of care, (2) evaluate improvements in coping self-efficacy skills, and (3) demonstrate the intervention's impact on menopausal symptoms. Twenty women participated in a short meditation intervention at a micro practice in Oregon from January to May 2022 and continued an 8-week home practice. Self-reported measures of menopausal symptoms, coping self-efficacy, and demographic data were collected pre- and pos-tprogram. A percentage of women determined improvements, and t tests evaluated differences between pre-and postintervention assessments. Pearson correlation coefficients identified associations between the Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS), its subscales, and the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) postintervention. The women showed 78% improved coping self-efficacy and 89% alleviated menopausal symptoms. The t test revealed a statistically significant change between pre- and post-CSES scores (t17 = 4.19, P < .001) and MRS scores (t17 = 4.78, P < .001). The post-MRS total score was significantly negatively correlated with the post-CSES score (r = -0.49, P = .039), indicating that symptoms decreased as self-efficacy improved. The outcomes of this project show that menopausal women can cope and alleviate their symptoms with an easy and feasible mindfulness-based meditation intervention.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang MH, Bunt L, Warner C. An Eight-Week Zen Meditation and Music Programme for Mindfulness and Happiness: Qualitative Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7140. [PMID: 38063569 PMCID: PMC10706294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20237140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mental wellness can be related to healthier living, the learning process and working environments for people in the university community. A wide range of mental wellness programmes have been explored to provide students with pleasant and satisfying experiences. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of integrating Zen meditation and music listening on the mindfulness and happiness levels of university music therapy students. A qualitative methodology was used, and data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews. To investigate various aspects of data regarding the role of the meditation and music (MM) programme for mindfulness and happiness, this study used thematic analysis within a qualitative research design. The findings of this study suggest that the 8-week Mindfulness Meditation (MM) programme is a potential approach for enhancing mindfulness, happiness and stress management. These results carry broader implications, particularly in terms of supporting mental health resources in higher education. Furthermore, the study contributes to the ongoing discussion regarding the positive impact of combining meditation and music to promote mental well-being. This integrated approach has the potential to strengthen coping strategies and further promote the integration of music and meditation practices in various contexts, including higher education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyang Hwang
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
- Department of Buddhist Studies, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Leslie Bunt
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
| | - Catherine Warner
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leow Y, Rashid NLBA, Klainin-Yobas P, Zhang Z, Wu XV. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on mental, cognitive outcomes and neuroplastic changes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:4489-4505. [PMID: 37248564 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on mental and cognitive outcomes including, anxiety, depression, attention, memory, global cognition and neuroplastic changes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE A three-step search strategy was conducted on eight electronic databases, grey literature and reference lists from inception to February 2022. REVIEW METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining MBIs on older adults with MCI were screened and assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan using a random-effect model. Narrative synthesis was performed for studies where results could not be pooled statistically. RESULTS Ten RCTs were included in the review. Results suggested that right frontal parietal and left inferior temporal gyrus of the brain showed increased cortical thickness after receiving MBIs. There were significant interaction effects for global efficiency and significant interactions in the insular and gyrus regions. Functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex, bilateral medial prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus were increased in participants undergoing MBIs. Nevertheless, meta-analysis showed non-significant pooled effects, favouring control groups on anxiety, depression, attention, memory and global cognition. CONCLUSION This review suggested the potential effects of MBIs in improving cortical thickness and connectivity in regions associated with memory and attention. Nevertheless, the effects of MBIs compared to active control groups on depression, anxiety, attention, memory and global cognition are inconclusive due to the lack of studies and non-significant results. IMPACT The review advocates for more rigorous studies with larger sample size and utilizing wait-list controls to evaluate the effects of MBIs. MBIs can be considered as an adjunct with other therapies to further enhance the effect on psychological and cognitive outcomes for older adults with MCI. No Patient or Public Contribution as this is a meta-analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Leow
- Emergency Medicine, Woodlands Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Piyanee Klainin-Yobas
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zemiao Zhang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Vivien Wu
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Phan HP, Chen SC, Ngu BH, Hsu CS. Advancing the study of life and death education: theoretical framework and research inquiries for further development. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1212223. [PMID: 37575440 PMCID: PMC10413111 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1212223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Life and death education, also known as life education and death education, is an interesting subject that may coincide with the subject of lifespan development. In brief, from our theoretical perspective, which guides our teaching and curriculum development, life education considers personal understanding of life functioning on a daily basis, whereas death education explores matters that are related to death and dying. For example, how can a social worker utilize his life knowledge, or life wisdom, to assist a relative to understand the intricate nature of death? In a similar vein, how can a senior citizen use her personal experience of Buddhist meditation practice to overcome a minor Covid setback? Central to our teaching practice is the premise of 'active transformation' (i.e., transforming life knowledge into positive practice) and the premise of 'theoretical infusion' (e.g., the infusion of a distinctive epistemological belief in the teaching of life) that would, in turn, help to enhance and facilitate deep, meaningful understanding of life and death. The purpose of the present article is for us to discuss a proposition of a theoretical-conceptual model, which depicts the 'unification' or integration of three major viewpoints of life and death: the social viewpoint, the philosophical viewpoint, and the psychological viewpoint. We theorize that unification of the three theoretical viewpoints may help provide grounding for effective teaching and holistic understanding of the subject contents of life and death. Such discourse, importantly, may also assist to advance the scope and complexity of the lifespan development subject. Finally, in addition to our theoretical-conceptual model of life and death, we propose three major research inquiries for development: the meaning of situated mindset, the underlying nature of spiritual transcendence, and proposition of appropriate methodological accounts for usage. Overall, then, we purport that our conceptual analysis and discussion overview, based on philosophical reflection, may serve to stimulate interest, intellectual curiosity, scholarly dialog, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huy P. Phan
- School of Education, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Si-Chi Chen
- Department of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing H. Ngu
- School of Education, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Chao-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pataka A, Kotoulas SC, Gavrilis PR, Karkala A, Tzinas A, Stefanidou A. Adherence to CPAP Treatment: Can Mindfulness Play a Role? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020296. [PMID: 36836653 PMCID: PMC9960813 DOI: 10.3390/life13020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is considered a chronic disease that requires long-term multidisciplinary management for effective treatment. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is still considered the gold standard of therapy. However, CPAP effectiveness is limited due to poor patients' adherence, as almost 50% of patients discontinue treatment after a year. Several interventions have been used in order to increase CPAP adherence. Mindfulness-based therapies have been applied in other sleep disorders such as insomnia but little evidence exists for their application on OSA patients. This review aims to focus on the current data on whether mindfulness interventions may be used in order to increase CPAP adherence and improve the sleep quality of OSA patients. Even though controlled trials of mindfulness and CPAP compliance remain to be performed, this review supports the hypothesis that mindfulness may be used as an adjunct method in order to increase CPAP adherence in OSA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Pataka
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Alice Karkala
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asterios Tzinas
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aimiliza Stefanidou
- American College of Thessaloniki (ACT), Vasiliou Sevenidi 17, Pilea, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee FSY, Ang CS. Positive Vibes are Not Always Easy: Examining the Association Between Covid-19 Stress and Mental Well-Being. Psychol Rep 2023:332941221149179. [PMID: 36592181 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221149179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The virus known as Covid-19 caused a global pandemic in 2019 and was found to have a devastating impact on mental well-being. Individuals around the world had difficulty retaining positive emotions such as gratitude, mindfulness, and hope in the face of this disaster. These feelings diminished their sense of mental well-being. This study examined the mediational model of gratitude, mindfulness, and hope as parallel mediators of the relationship between Covid-19 stress and mental well-being. In total, 289 adults from the general population completed the scales of Covid stress, gratitude, mindfulness, hope, and mental well-being. Results indicated that Covid-19 stress was related to mental well-being, with mindfulness and hope acting as mediators. Gratitude, on the other hand, did not mediate the relationship. The study provides evidence that targeting gratitude, mindfulness, and hope may have a meaningful effect on Covid-19 stress as a related symptom and potentially have a negative impact on mental well-being during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chin-Siang Ang
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, 122122Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Effects of Mindfulness and Buddhist Meditation Coaching on Mental Health Outcomes in College Students. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8178930. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8178930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
College students are vulnerable to diverse mental health disorders. We aimed to investigate whether a meditation class would be an effective means to address students’ mental health challenges. Among the college students who registered for the meditation course, 256 participants were enrolled. The meditation course was a 15-week program incorporating mindfulness meditation and Ganhwa Seon (a traditional Buddhist meditation). A questionnaire was administered twice, on the first and last class of the course, collecting information on personal characteristics and six mental health indicators. A paired t-test was used to examine whether the meditation course conferred benefit on the mental health indicators, and logistic regression analyses were run to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes. After completing the meditation course, there were significant improvements for the adult ADHD score
and ego identity (p = 0.02) but not for the other outcomes. Among college students, meditation practice may have positive effects on the adult ADHD score and ego identity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Talmon A, Cohen N, Raif Y, Ginzburg K. Sense of mastery among older adults and its relation to invalidating childhood experiences. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2186-2194. [PMID: 34669542 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1993130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ObjectivesSense of mastery, a well-recognized resource for older adults, has been shown to be related to early life experiences, especially parent-child interactions. Yet while there are indications that a reduced sense of mastery is related to early experiences of child maltreatment, this association has not been studied among older adults. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between experiences of childhood parental invalidation and sense of mastery among older adults, through the mediation of self-objectification and perceived disrupted body boundaries.Methods: Three-hundred-and-sixteen older adults (Mean = 72.24; SD = 8.12 years; range: 60-94) filled out a battery of questionnaires assessing their levels of exposure to childhood parental invalidation experiences, sense of self-objectification, disrupted body boundaries, and sense of masteryResults: A structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis supported the hypothesized research model. More specifically, two significant indirect effects were observed, according to which the association between invalidating childhood experiences and sense of mastery was mediated by both self-objectification and by disrupted body boundaries.Conclusion: As these results suggest that early life experiences continue to affect individuals' sense of self in older age, they should be considered an important factor for evaluation and intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Talmon
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Noa Cohen
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Raif
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karni Ginzburg
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu YF, Chen MY, Ye JH, Hong JC, Ye JN, Wu YT. The Relationship of Breathing and COVID-19 Anxiety When Using Smart Watches for Guided Respiration Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:847602. [PMID: 35548517 PMCID: PMC9082361 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 mortality rates are increasing worldwide, which has led to many highly restrictive precautionary measures and a strong sense of anxiety about the outbreak for many people around the world. There is thus an increasing concern about COVID-19 anxiety, resulting in recommending approaches for effective self-care. From a positive psychology perspective, it is also important for people to have positive affect when dealing with this pandemic. According to previous literature, respiration is considered to be an effective way to enhance people’s mental health. Among all the wearable devices, Apple Watch has the largest market share, so this study recruited Chinese users that use respiration exercise function on Apple Watch; a total of 316 valid data were retrieved. Meanwhile, to understand one approach related to using Apple Watch to practice respiration to reduce COVID-19 anxiety about being infected during the COVID-19 outbreak, this study used a web-based cross-sectional survey to examine anxiety about being infected by COVID-19 among Chinese people who had been using the Apple Watch to practice respiration during the period of the COVID-19 outbreak. The study was based on the Health Theoretical Model, and the model was developed with four dimensions and was validated with structural equation modeling. The results of this study showed that practicing few minutes had a positive relationship on positive attitude, and positive attitude had a negative relationship on pandemic anxiety and a positive relationship on continuance use intention. Anxiety about the pandemic had a negative relationship on the intention to continue using the function. This showed that respiration practice can help to suppress the increase in anxiety levels regarding this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hong Ye
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jon-Chao Hong
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Ni Ye
- Graduate Institute of Technological and Vocational Education, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tai Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Soochow University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Petitta L, Sinato E, Giannelli MT, Palange M. Implementing Mindfulness in General Life and Organizations. Validation of the Time Flow Mindfulness Questionnaire for Effective Health Management. Front Psychol 2022; 13:832784. [PMID: 35465478 PMCID: PMC9021414 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.832784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary purpose of the current research was to examine the psychometric properties of the Time Flow Mindfulness Questionnaire (TFMQ), a new self-report scale designed to measure cognitive, emotional, bodily, context-related, and action-related distracting inputs experienced by the mind during three different time windows of mindfulness practice (preliminary moments, during-the-practice, after-the-practice). The 42-item scale assesses the following second-order and first-order factors: Practice (preliminary, during), Benefits (short-term, long-term) and Benefits at work. Three studies were conducted. The first study assessed the factor structure and internal consistency on a sample of 141 mindfulness practitioners. Using a two-wave lagged design on a different sample of 46 trainees attending mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) courses, the second study examined concurrent validity by performing correlations between the TFMQ and Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). The third study (same sample as Study 1) examined criterion validity by testing a structural equation model wherein mindfulness practice predicts job burnout, both directly and indirectly through mindfulness benefits at work. All studies relied on anonymous surveys. Our findings suggest that the TFMQ: (a) has a factor structure consistent with the hypothesized conceptual dimensions; (b) has good concurrent validity as demonstrated by significant correlations with the FFMQ dimensions; and (c) consists of mindfulness dimensions that predict job burnout in organizations (i.e., criterion validity). The TFMQ is a valid and reliable mindfulness measure that may help (a) practitioners gain awareness of different types of inputs that potentially distract the mind and mindfulness beneficial consequences, and (b) organizations implement mindfulness in work-settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Petitta
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa Giannelli
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Psicologia Clinica, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Chen Y, Zheng J, Qiu J. Dispositional mindfulness and self-referential neural activity during the resting state. Soc Neurosci 2021; 17:13-20. [PMID: 34852724 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.2009559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to impact a broad range of outcomes including enhanced attention, memory, and self-regulation. Previously, mindfulness training has been negatively correlated with brain activity across the default mode network nodes following mindfulness-based practice. Currently, little research has been done to understand the neural basis of differences in mindfulness levels in untrained individuals. In this study, we explored the relationship between the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) during the resting state and the level of dispositional mindfulness, which was measured by using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). The results showed that the total scores on the FFMQ were negatively correlated with the spontaneous activation of left premotor cortex. This indicates that individuals with higher levels of dispositional mindfulness might require less effort to control their irrelevant motor responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Department of Psychology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychological Assessment and Rehabilitation for Exceptional Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Education and Human Potentials Development Special Education Section, Hua-shih College of Education, Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, Taiwan.,College of Teacher Education, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychological Assessment and Rehabilitation for Exceptional Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Department of Psychology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychological Assessment and Rehabilitation for Exceptional Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Djokovic A, Cooper-Thomas HD, Gardner D. Expectations and experiences of practising veterinarians throughout an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction programme. N Z Vet J 2021; 70:304-312. [PMID: 34586965 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2021.1987349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore practising veterinarians' expectations of an 8-week mindfulness training programme, their perceived barriers to participating in the programme, their experiences of the programme and the extent to which they continued to engage in mindfulness practices following training. METHODS Participants were 10 companion animal veterinarians practising in Auckland, New Zealand. All took part in an 8-week mindfulness-based training programme. A longitudinal qualitative design was used: data were collected by structured interviews prior to the programme, upon completion of the programme and 3 months after completion. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes, or patterns, within the data. RESULTS Before commencing the programme, participants generally thought mindfulness training would provide some benefits for wellbeing but were otherwise not clear on what to expect. The main concerns about taking part were time constraints and apprehensions about potentially having to share personal information, and consequently how they might be perceived by other participants. On completion of the training programme, the opportunity to share experiences within the group with the support of a trained facilitator was reported as the most valuable aspect of the programme, rather than the mindfulness practices themselves. At the 3-month follow-up, participants reported they had learnt some useful techniques for managing stressful thoughts and situations, but despite the perceived benefits, few were still practicing mindfulness techniques. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Training in mindfulness practices may have some value for helping practicing veterinarians manage their wellbeing, but it is not a complete solution in itself. Participants reported that the greatest benefits came from facilitated peer support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Djokovic
- Human Resources Department, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - H D Cooper-Thomas
- Management Department, AUT Business School, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D Gardner
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Osin EN, Turilina II. Mindfulness meditation experiences of novice practitioners in an online intervention: Trajectories, predictors, and challenges. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 14:101-121. [PMID: 34268871 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of mindfulness interventions are well-known, but their challenges and individual differences in reactions to these challenges are much less clear. METHODS The study used a mixed-methods design to investigate the individual trajectories of daily experiences during meditation in a sample of novice volunteers participating in a 3-week, distance-based, guided meditation intervention (N = 175). RESULTS Multilevel modelling revealed individual differences in the change trajectories of the experiences of effort, meaning, and boredom during meditation, indicating that meditation gradually became less effortful, less boring, more interesting, and more important over the 3 weeks. The individual differences in the levels of these experiences and their change trends were associated with baseline differences in well-being, reflective processes, self-management, and self-control skills, as well as autonomous motivation to engage in the course. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who are initially more autonomous and mindful find it easier to engage with online mindfulness interventions and draw more benefits from the process, whereas those with lower self-regulation skills or higher proneness to rumination are more likely to experience mindfulness as effortful and boring, and, eventually, to give it up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny N Osin
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.,LINP2-AAPS Laboratory, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Irina I Turilina
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sinko L, Saint Arnault D. Photo-experiencing and reflective listening: A trauma-informed photo-elicitation method to explore day-to-day health experiences. Public Health Nurs 2021; 38:661-670. [PMID: 33813744 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the promise of photography in research, few methods offer a guide to leverage this medium in conjunction with experience sampling to facilitate individual reflection while capturing the experiences of participants as they interact with their social world. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new photo-elicitation method to add to the photography research repertoire, Photo-experiencing and Reflective Listening (PEARL). PEARL leverages the benefits of experience sampling, mindful self-awareness, and trauma-informed interviewing to document daily health experiences. After engaging in an at-home photography activity, participants meet for a one-on-one interview to share and cluster their photographs to discuss key themes and needs going forward. Using a study aimed to understand the recovery experiences of survivors of sexual violence, we illustrate how PEARL can be applied to study a population of interest. The products developed through PEARL provide rich opportunities for analysis, dissemination, story amplification, and action, making it a research method helpful for those interested in improving health equity and catalyzing social change. Because of the high satisfaction voiced by the participants of this approach, PEARL shows promise as a therapeutic data collection method, where the participants leave with some benefit through new awareness gained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sinko
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Denise Saint Arnault
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ducasse D, Dubois J, Jaussent I, Azorin JM, Etain B, Gard S, Henry C, Bougerol T, Kahn JP, Aubin V, Bellivier F, Belzeaux R, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Llorca PM, Loftus J, Passerieux C, Polosan M, Samalin L, Leboyer M, Yrondi A, Bennabi D, Haffen E, Maruani J, Allauze E, Camus V, D'Amato T, Doumy O, Holtzmann J, Lançon C, Moliere F, Moirand R, Richieri RM, Horn M, Schmitt L, Stephan F, Genty JB, Vaiva G, Walter M, El-Hage W, Aouizerate B, Olié E, Courtet P. Association between anhedonia and suicidal events in patients with mood disorders: A 3-year prospective study. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:17-27. [PMID: 32652874 DOI: 10.1002/da.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As almost all mental disorders are associated with increased suicidal-related behavior, anhedonia might be a trans-diagnostic dimension to target for suicide prevention. METHODS For this 3-year-long prospective study, 2,839 outpatients with mood disorders were recruited. They were divided in: (a) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicidal ideation during the follow-up, and (b) two groups according to the occurrence or not of suicide attempts during the follow-up. Anhedonia was assessed using a composite score (the French version of the 14-item Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale and item 13 of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology scale) at inclusion and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after inclusion. RESULTS Patients with mood disorders and anhedonia at least at one follow-up visit had a 1.4-fold higher risk of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [1.07, 1.70]), even after adjustment for confounding factors of suicide risk (i.e., bipolar or unipolar disorder, sex, age, marital status, education level, antidepressant intake, personal history of suicide attempt, at least one childhood trauma, and mean of the maximum depression score during the follow-up). Conversely, association between anhedonia and suicide attempt did not remain significant after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS The significant association between anhedonia and suicide ideation in patients with mood disorders stresses the need of targeting hedonia in mood disorders, and of research focusing on the position to pleasure in life through eudaimonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Ducasse
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Azorin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP HM, Psychiatric Pole, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Sébastien Gard
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chantal Henry
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Thierry Bougerol
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Kahn
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Brabois Hospital, Academic Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Valérie Aubin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Princesse-Grace Hospital, La Colle, Monaco
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Hospital Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP HM, Psychiatric Pole, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U894, School of Medicine, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy Center of Nancy and School of Medicine, Lorraine University, Lorraine, France
| | - Julien Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Josephine Loftus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Princesse-Grace Hospital, La Colle, Monaco
| | - Christine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Academic Hospital of Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Ludovic Samalin
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est, Hopital Henri Mondor, DHU PePSY and AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie clinique, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie clinique, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Investigation Clinique 1431-INSERM, EA 481 Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Julia Maruani
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Hôpital Fernand-Widal, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Allauze
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Inserm U1253 Imaging and Brain, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thierry D'Amato
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron cedex, France
| | | | - Jérôme Holtzmann
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, CS 10217, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Nord, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Lançon
- Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Moliere
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémi Moirand
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron cedex, France
| | - Raphaëlle Marie Richieri
- Pôle Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Mathilde Horn
- Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Schmitt
- Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Florian Stephan
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Genty
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte B, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Service de Psychiatrie adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - Michel Walter
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Wissam El-Hage
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Inserm U1253 Imaging and Brain, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Emilie Olié
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post Acute Care, CHRU, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, U1061 Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaufmann M, Rosing K, Baumann N. Being mindful does not always benefit everyone: mindfulness-based practices may promote alienation among psychologically vulnerable people. Cogn Emot 2020; 35:241-255. [PMID: 32993426 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1825337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of interventions have sought to cultivate mindfulness, an accepting awareness of body and mind experiences. A great deal of prior research has shown mostly beneficial effects of mindfulness interventions. However, cultivating mindfulness may not always be beneficial for everyone. Two studies examined whether mindfulness may have alienating effects among people high in state orientation (i.e. low self-regulatory abilities). Participants were randomly assigned to either a 90-minute mindfulness training plus 5-minute retreatment or a waiting list control group (Study 1 N = 54, Study 2 N = 155). Alienation was operationalised as false self-ascriptions (FSA rate) of extrinsic goals that were allegedly recommended by experts. Participants high (versus low) in state orientation had significantly higher FSA rates in the mindfulness (versus control) condition. These results suggest that mindfulness training may alienate psychologically vulnerable populations (e.g. state-oriented people) from their intrinsic emotional preferences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathrin Rosing
- Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Nicola Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Exploring the mediating role of integrative self‐knowledge in the relationship between mindfulness and well‐being in the context of a mindfulness‐based stress reduction program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 56:249-256. [DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
19
|
Yang Y, Perkins DR, Stearns AE. “I Started to Feel Better now”: Qualitative Findings from Client Narratives on Early Recovery in Inpatient Substance Use Treatment. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-019-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
20
|
Wilson MM, Gearity BT. Cutting through the Mindfulness Muddle: A Book Review of Three Popular Mindfulness Interventions. JOURNAL OF SPORT PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21520704.2019.1708522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meagan M. Wilson
- Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian T. Gearity
- Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hasenkamp W. Fruits of the Buddhism-science dialogue in contemplative research. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 28:126-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
Shack AR, Meiyappan S, Grossman LD. Improved Self-Esteem in Artists After Participating in the "Building Confidence and Self-Esteem Toolbox Workshop". Front Psychol 2018; 9:1169. [PMID: 30026720 PMCID: PMC6042157 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing and creative artists have unique occupational and lifestyle stresses and challenges that can negatively affect self-esteem. Low self-esteem not only has serious implications for their psychological and physical health, it can also affect their performance, and creativity. There is a need to establish effective interventions to deal with this issue. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reported studies specific to workshops or interventions on enhancing self-esteem for artists. The Al and Malka Green Artists' Health Centre at the Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is a unique multidisciplinary, and integrative clinic serving the special needs of the artist population. We developed a workshop entitled “Building Confidence and Self Esteem Toolbox Workshop” to address this need. We then designed a single-blind, randomized, prospective, pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness of the workshop on enhancing self-esteem in artists, and to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of using the recommended tools in maintaining a healthy self-esteem, as well as maintaining physical and emotional health. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A validated “Self-Esteem Checkup” questionnaire was administered pre- and immediately post workshop, as well as at 2, 6, and 12 months post workshop. Open-ended questions were posed to study participants via email at 2 and 12 months following the workshop, and at 6 months in in-person interviews. Thirty-five professional artists consented to participate in the study, with 26 completing all study visits. Mean scores for all time points, and the individual questionnaire statement mean scores for the five timepoints increased significantly post-workshop and remained statistically significantly improved by the 3rd follow-up 12 months later (p < 0.001). The mean self-esteem rating score increased significantly post-workshop and remained statistically significantly improved by the 3rd follow-up 12 months later (p < 0.01). Qualitative data showed positive feedback on the utilization of the tools learned in the workshop that helped maintain this improvement over a 1-year period. This workshop may be an effective means of addressing the issue of self-esteem in artists. Further controlled studies of larger sample size and longer duration are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita R Shack
- Al and Malka Green Artists' Health Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Soumia Meiyappan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|