Personality and Post-traumatic Growth of Adolescents 42 Months after the Wenchuan Earthquake: A Mediated Model

Dual Effects of Self-Compassion on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth: The Roles of Trauma-Related Shame and Guilt

Previous studies have shown that self-compassion can alleviate posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and promote posttraumatic growth (PTG). However, only a few studies explored the dual effects of its positive and negative components on PTSS and PTG. Also, the emotional mechanisms between self-compassion and PTSS/PTG remain unclear. Thus, with the three-wave longitudinal design, we examined the mediating role of trauma-related shame and guilt between self-compassion and PTSS/PTG among traumatized Chinese college students. 782 Chinese college students (467 females; Mage = 18.98, SD = 1.37) who had experienced traumatic events within the previous six months of the initial assessment were included in the study. In the direct effect model, compassionate self-responding (CSR) negatively predicted PTSS and positively predicted PTG. In contrast, uncompassionate self-responding (USR) positively predicted both PTSS and PTG. In the indirect model, CSR negatively predicted PTSS through trauma-related shame and guilt, but also negatively predicted PTG through trauma-related guilt. USR positively predicted PTSS through trauma-related shame and guilt and positively predicted PTG through trauma-related guilt. Thus, CSR can benefit posttraumatic college students by alleviating PTSS and promoting PTG, and USR may also have an adaptive side. Still, we should focus on the maladaptive and adaptive sides of trauma-related emotions in the intervention of posttraumatic college students.

Resilience Mediates the Relationship Between Parental Attachment and Posttraumatic Growth in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study

OBJECTIVE

Previous studies have shown that parental attachment was associated with higher levels of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in individuals who have experienced traumatic events. The aim of the current longitudinal study is to investigate resilience as one pathway through which parental attachment is related to PTG among Chinese adolescents following the Yancheng tornado.

METHODS

A total of 351 adolescent survivors participated in this longitudinal study. Participants completed the revised version of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA-R) at 12 months (T1), and the revised Chinese version of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-R) and the Connor and Davidson's Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) at 18 months (T2) after the tornado, respectively.

RESULTS

It indicated that parental attachment at T1 has direct and positive effect on PTG at T2, and resilience at T2 fully mediated the relationship between parental attachment at T1 and PTG at T2.

CONCLUSION

The findings revealed that parental attachment and resilience are two key resources that promote adolescent's PTG, and parental attachment acts through resilience to promote PTG in adolescents.

Personality and Post-Traumatic Growth: the Mediating Role of Career Adaptability Among Traumatized Adolescents

Trauma needs special attention during the sensitive period of adolescence, which already involves its own psychological challenges and vocational tasks. Coping with trauma requires adaptation. From the perspective of the career construction model of adaptation, career adaptability provides psycho-social resources that promote adaptation. Using this model, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between personality and post-traumatic growth via career adaptability. A total of 266 Iranian adolescents who had experienced the sudden death of a parent recruited. They then completed the Big Five Questionnaire, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, and Career Adapt-abilities Scale. The results showed career adaptability partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and openness and post-traumatic growth. In addition, the findings confirmed the full mediator role of career adaptability in the relationship between conscientiousness and post-traumatic growth. The results also indicated a direct relationship between extraversion and post-traumatic growth, but no relationship between agreeableness and post-traumatic growth. These results emphasized the essential role of career adaptability in empowering traumatized adolescents.

Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Prosocial Tendency in the Relation Between College Students' Post-traumatic Growth and Entrepreneurial Intention in the Post-COVID-19 Era

In this study, we explore the psychological mechanisms underlying the relation between college students' post-traumatic growth and their entrepreneurial intentions in the post-COVID-19 era. Using the post-traumatic growth, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, prosocial tendency, and entrepreneurial intention scales, we tested 690 valid samples of Chinese undergraduates (including 445 men and 245 women). The results revealed that post-traumatic growth of college students in the post-COVID-19 era will have a significant and positive effect on their entrepreneurial intentions. Additionally, the results indicated that students' entrepreneurial self-efficacy and prosocial tendencies play a partial mediation role between post-traumatic growth and entrepreneurial intentions in the post-COVID-19 era and that there is a chain mediating effect between students' entrepreneurial self-efficacy and prosocial tendencies. This study provides valuable insights into the influence of post-traumatic growth on entrepreneurial intentions among college students in the post-COVID-19 era and suggests that colleges and universities can improve students' entrepreneurial intentions by adopting measures to foster their post-traumatic growth, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and prosocial tendencies.

After Experiencing a Tornado: Adolescents' Longitudinal Trajectories in Posttraumatic Growth and Their Association with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

This study investigated the trajectories in posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adolescents who survived from the Yancheng tornado in China, and explored the effects of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) on these trajectories. Participants (n = 246) finished 4 assessments at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months after the tornado. Growth mixture model and logistic regression were used to examine the heterogeneous trajectories and the role of PTSS for differentiating trajectories respectively. Two latent PTG trajectories were observed: group with decreasing PTG and group with fluctuant PTG, which might stem from the illusory component and the factual component of PTG respectively based on the two-component model; and adolescents with more PTSS had higher probabilities generating decreasing PTG, that is, illusory PTG. This study suggested differentiating PTG trajectories and related influencing factors to improve the post-disaster psychological interventions in a longitudinal perspective.

Posttraumatic growth after earthquake: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Posttraumatic growth (PTG) represents a positive personal change after adverse events, such as natural disasters, including earthquake. However, the association between exposure to earthquake and level of PTG is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses (MA) is to assess the level of PTG in people exposed to earthquake.

METHODS

Studies were identified via Scopus, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest, Cochran Library, Ovid, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, congress, and conferences research papers. The level of PTG was presented as mean and standard deviation. Subgroup analyses were conducted to control for the amount of time that had passed since stressor onset and age of the study population. The meta-regression was used to explore the sources of between-study heterogeneity, including sample size and age.

RESULTS

The MA of all 21 studies using no restrictions related to age and time of the PTG measurement since traumatic event showed low level of PTG (41.71; 95%CI = 34.26; 49.16, I²: 62.44%, p: .000). Subgroup analyses controlled for the age demonstrated that level of PTG was higher in adults (49.47; 95% CI = 42.35; 56.58, I²: 0%, p = .466) when compared to children and adolescents (35.38; 95% CI = 23.65; 47.11, I²: 69.09%, p < .00). Moreover, the pooled weight mean of PTG measured 1 year and less than 1 year since the earthquake varied between medium (46.04; 95%CI = 34.45; 57.63, I²:51.2%, p: .037) and high (59.03; 95%CI = 41.46; 76.41, I²: 0%, p: .990) levels, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The results of our MA showed low level of PTG in earthquake survivors. However, the mean value of PTG in adults was higher when compared to children and adolescents. In addition, the mean PTG was found to decrease over time since traumatic events.

Post-traumatic Growth and Related Influencing Factors in Discharged COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and identify its influencing factors in discharged COVID-19 patients. PTG refers to individual experiences of significant positive change arising from the struggle with a major life crisis. This descriptive cross-sectional study used the convenient sampling method to recruit 140 discharged COVID-19 patients in Hunan, China. The results show that the PTG of the discharged COVID-19 patients was positively correlated with self-esteem, post-traumatic stress disorder, coping style tendency, and social support, but negatively correlated with the time from onset to diagnosis. Our findings could provide guidance on improving the psychological state and well-being of discharged COVID-19 patients.