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Kim JH, Kim J, Jang SY, Park EC. Association between watching eating broadcasts like mukbang and cookbang and generalized anxiety disorder among Korean adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:536. [PMID: 39080570 PMCID: PMC11290270 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05957-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are common during adolescence; therefore, detecting anxiety disorders among adolescents and providing appropriate treatment are crucial. Studies have suggested that watching online audiovisual broadcasts like mukbang and cookbang (hereafter mukbang), where hosts eat or cook food, may influence anxiety disorders. However, there is insufficient research on the association between watching mukbang and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Therefore, we investigated the association between watching mukbang and GAD among Korean adolescents. METHODS We analyzed 51,764 adolescents who participated in the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS). The participants were asked how frequently they watched mukbang per week over the past 12 months. Anxiety disorders were assessed using the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The prevalence of GAD was higher among adolescents who watched mukbang compared to those who did not (aOR: 1.100, 95% CI: 1.026-1.180, P = 0.008 in male participants; aOR: 1.090, 95% CI: 1.003-1.185, P = 0.042 in female participants). The frequency of watching mukbang showed a dose-dependent relationship with a greater likelihood of GAD in female adolescents. CONCLUSION This study's results showed that watching mukbang is associated with GAD in Korean adolescents. Proper interventions for mental health are needed for adolescents who watch mukbang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Health Informatics and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Yong Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Healthcare Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lacy E. STAT: schema therapy for addiction treatment, a proposal for the integrative treatment of addictive disorders. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1366617. [PMID: 39015333 PMCID: PMC11251394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1366617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The nature and origins of addictions and of their adjunctive behaviors, as well as their chronicity, call for treatments that conceptualize and treat them as the long-term and complex processes that they are. Addictions are often comorbid with personality problems and with trauma histories. Patients suffering from these disorders often show poor engagement with treatment and high rates of relapse, possibly because available treatments have yet to address the patient suffering from addiction in a more integrated or holistic manner. In particular, comprehensive treatment models for addictive disorders - like treatments for personality disorders or trauma - are likely to require the integration of behavioral, cognitive, and emotion-focused interventions within a facilitative therapeutic relationship. However, most current treatment models, including ones which are highly effective in stabilization or behavioral change, lack one or more components of treatment that could sustain longer term recovery, wellness, and health for a higher percentage of patients. In this article, I propose approaching addictions and their treatment from the perspective of schema therapy, an integrative, developmental model with a strong track record of positive outcomes in addressing personality disorder symptoms and long-standing trauma histories, commonly comorbid with addictive disorders. In advancing this proposal, I begin by providing some background tying together addictions, attachment, and personality, suggesting they be treated simultaneously to achieve improved outcomes. Then, after briefly reviewing the leading approaches to the treatment of addictions, I introduce the idea that schema therapy is well-situated - both theoretically and practically - to address many of the shortcomings of existing treatment options. In particular, I note how addictive and co-occurring colluding behaviors are deeply intertwined with both early and continued frustration of core developmental needs. I illustrate how the addictive cycle is perpetuated through the process of schema reinforcement and through the operation of schema modes. I then demonstrate how these key terms (i.e., needs, schemas, and modes) inform the patient's assessment and case formulation, guiding treatment interventions from a strong therapeutic relationship that focuses on integrating recovery behavior change, healing dysfunctional schemas and modes, and preventing relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lacy
- Elizabeth Lacy, LCSW, PLLC, New York City, NY, United States
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3
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Clarici A, Bulfon M, Radin Y, Panksepp J. Neuromodulation of safety and surprise in the early stages of infant development: affective homeostatic regulation in bodily and mental functions. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1395247. [PMID: 38903479 PMCID: PMC11187996 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1395247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing a sense of internal safety and security depends mainly on others: numerous neuromodulators play a significant role in the homeostatic process, regulating the importance of proximity to a caregiver and experiencing feelings that enable us to regulate our interdependence with our conspecifics since birth. This array of neurofunctional structures have been called the SEPARATION DISTRESS system (now more commonly known as the PANIC/ GRIEF system). This emotional system is mainly involved in the production of depressive symptoms. The disruption of this essential emotional balance leads to the onset of feelings of panic followed by depression. We will focus on the neuropeptides that play a crucial role in social approach behavior in mammals, which enhance prosocial behavior and facilitate the consolidation of social bonds. We propose that most prosocial behaviors are regulated through the specific neuromodulators acting on salient intersubjective stimuli, reflecting an increased sense of inner confidence (safety) in social relationships. This review considers the neurofunctional link between the feelings that may ultimately be at the base of a sense of inner safety and the central neuromodulatory systems. This link may shed light on the clinical implications for the development of early mother-infant bonding and the depressive clinical consequences when this bond is disrupted, such as in post-partum depression, depressive feelings connected to, addiction, neurofunctional disorders, and psychological trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Clarici
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulfon
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yvonne Radin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jaak Panksepp
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Tambelli R, Favieri F, Casagrande M. New Addictions in Late Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: How Attachment Style May Predict Problematic Use of Social Networks and Binge-Watching. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:556. [PMID: 38470667 PMCID: PMC10931237 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
As behavioral addictions (BAs) significantly affect well-being, paying attention to the characteristics associated with their onset is relevant. Current studies suggest that BAs should be addressed from an adaptive-maladaptive continuum perspective to define what and how some behaviors became problematic. The multi-faceted nature of behaviors attributed to possible BA involves psychological and individual backgrounds (e.g., attachment style). Given its role in affecting personality processes, social development, and motivational drives, the attachment style would be involved in addiction-like behaviors from adolescence, defined as a critical period for BA onset. This study analyzed the association between the attachment dimensions and two possible BAs that can be included in an adaptive-maladaptive continuum (i.e., social network use and TV series watching). A sample consisting of 493 late adolescents/emerging adults (age range: 18-24) completed questionnaires assessing social network use, TV series watching, and attachment style. The results showed a positive association between problematic attachment styles and BAs. High worry and need for relationships (anxious attachment) would be risk factors for problematic social network use and relationships as secondary (avoidant attachment) would be a risk factor for problematic TV series watching. These findings suggest the importance of further analyzing the role of attachment styles and their dimensions in influencing behavioral expression early to prevent the occurrence of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (M.C.)
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Zaremohzzabieh Z, Abdullah H, Ahrari S, Abdullah R, Md Nor SM. Exploration of vulnerability factors of digital hoarding behavior among university students and the moderating role of maladaptive perfectionism. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241226962. [PMID: 38298527 PMCID: PMC10829496 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241226962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In light of the rapidly evolving digital landscape, there is an increasing need to explore digital hoarding behavior. This need is driven by concerns regarding its intricate psychological foundations and its impact on individuals within our technology-centric society. This research investigates the influence of various factors, including the fear of missing out, emotional attachment, information overload, and decision fatigue, on digital hoarding behaviors among university students in Iran. Additionally, the study examines the moderating role of maladaptive perfectionism in these relationships. The study involved 275 university students (mean age = 21.62 years; standard deviation = 2.28 years; 65.6% female) selected from four universities in Iran. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that the fear of missing out, emotional attachment, information overload, and decision fatigue significantly predict university students' digital hoarding behavior. Moreover, the findings highlighted the moderating effect of maladaptive perfectionism on the association between emotional attachment and digital hoarding behavior. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism exhibit amplified digital hoarding tendencies when emotionally attached to their digital data. This study provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between psychological factors and digital hoarding tendencies. These findings have practical implications for educational institutions and mental health professionals, as they can help in developing targeted strategies and interventions to manage digital hoarding behavior in university freshmen and promote healthier digital habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Abdullah
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seyedali Ahrari
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rusli Abdullah
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Maryam Md Nor
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Khattar V, Huete N, Navarro R. Attachment insecurity and breadcrumbing engagement in young adults: a cross-sectional, cross-country study in India and Spain. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:356. [PMID: 37880762 PMCID: PMC10601106 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01404-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breadcrumbing, defined as the act of sending out flirtatious, but non-committal text messages to lure a sexual/romantic partner without expending much effort, has gained attention in popular culture and the media due to its relevance to contemporary dating dynamics. However, there is lack of evidence of the association between attachment insecurity and breadcrumbing This study aims to uncover the potential relationship between breadcrumbing engagement and attachment insecurity among Indian and Spanish young adults. METHODS Data were collected through an anonymous online survey answered by 334 adults in India and by 348 adults in Spain aged between 18 and 40 years old. A linear regression model in both countries was run to examine breadcrumbing engagement and its relationship with the set of sociodemographic variables included in the study (participants' age and sex, sexual orientation, relationship status and educational level) and the two dimensions of attachment insecurity (anxious and avoidant). RESULTS The results showed that insecure attachment, both anxious and avoidant, were associated with engaging in breadcrumbing in both the countries. However, there was a stronger association between anxious attachment and breadcrumbing in India compared to Spain, where the association was stronger between avoidant attachment and breadcrumbing. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study offer insight into an under-studied practice in the context of interpersonal relationships (i.e., breadcrumbing behaviour) and show the importance of attachment theoretical framework to hypothesize and analyse expectations regarding strategies to negotiate intimate relationships and the breadcrumbing experience particularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Khattar
- Faculty of Education & Psychology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India
| | - Nuria Huete
- Faculty of Business Economic, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, 02071, Spain
| | - Raúl Navarro
- Faculty of Education and Humanities, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, 16071, Spain.
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7
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Jin X, Jiang Q, Xiong W, Zhao W. Effects of use motivations and alexithymia on smartphone addiction: mediating role of insecure attachment. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1227931. [PMID: 37529314 PMCID: PMC10389275 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1227931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Concern exists regarding the potential negative consequences of smartphone addiction among adolescents. This study investigated the effect of use motivations and alexithymia on smartphone addiction among adolescents with two insecure attachment styles, namely, anxious and avoidant attachment. These attachment styles were regarded as mediating variables. Methods Self-report measures were used to assess use motivations, alexithymia, insecure attachment and smartphone addiction. Data were collected from 748 junior high school students (382 males and 366 females) in northeastern China. Structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesis that use motivations and alexithymia are directly associated with smartphone addiction and also through the mediation of attachment insecurities. Results The structural equation modeling results showed a strong and positive correlation between use motivation and smartphone addiction, with avoidant attachment mediating such a relationship. Meanwhile, the two components of alexithymia, difficulty identifying feelings and externally oriented thinking, positively predicted smartphone addiction, with avoidant attachment serving as a mediator of this effect. In addition, the mediation analysis results demonstrated that attachment anxiety mediated the connection between escape drive, extrinsically focused thought, and smartphone addiction. Conclusion Findings describe how attachment insecurities, smartphone use motivations, and alexithymia can interact with one another to predict smartphone addiction. Smartphone use motivation types and alexithymia symptoms should be taken into consideration when designing targeted intervention programs for smartphone addiction to address the different attachment needs of adolescents, which would be helpful to reduce their smartphone addiction behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Jin
- Jiangsu Research Center of “Internet Plus Education,” Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiyan Xiong
- Department of International Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Information Science and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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8
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Lin HC, Knott M, Hebert MM. Romantic attachment security buffers the effect of stress on anxiety in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37294697 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2220407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic spurred alarming levels of stress and anxiety in college students. It is important to identify factors that attenuate the negative effect of stress on anxiety. Framed by the attachment diathesis-stress process perspective, this study examined how the two dimensions of insecurity in romantic attachment-attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance-buffered the effect of stress on anxiety in a population of college students during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design and methods: The study employed cross-sectional and correlation designs and used an online survey to gather self-report data from a sample of 453 college students. Data were collected from March 15, 2020, to February 16, 2021. Results: Anxiety, stress, and the two insecurity dimensions were all mutually correlated with one another. Multiple regression analysis revealed that as the level of attachment anxiety increased, the association of stress and anxiety turned stronger. Conclusions: The findings suggest that targeting attachment insecurity may prove to be fruitful when helping college students effectively regulate stress to lessen levels of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chu Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maddison Knott
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Madeline M Hebert
- Department of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
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9
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Péter L, Paksi B, Magi A, Eisinger A, Kótyuk E, Czakó A, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Andó B. Severity of behavioral addiction symptoms among young adults using non-prescribed sedatives/hypnotics. Addict Behav Rep 2023; 17:100485. [PMID: 36941849 PMCID: PMC10024082 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young adulthood is considered a critical period in terms of non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics (NMUSH) as well as different types of behavioral addictions (BAs). However, the relationship between these behaviors has received scarce attention among young adult samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between NMUSH and symptoms of distinct BAs among young adults. Materials and methods Analyses were conducted based on the data of two large sample studies (including a representative sample) carried out with young adult samples. The following BAs were assessed: problematic internet use, problematic video gaming, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior, problematic mobile phone use, work addiction, and hair pulling. Symptoms of distinct BAs were analyzed in three groups formed based on the NMUSH: non-users, lifetime users, and current users. Results The symptoms of problematic internet use, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior and work addiction were significantly more severe among lifetime and/or current non-medical sedative and hypnotic users, compared to the non-user participants. The symptoms of problematic mobile phone use were the most severe in the non-user group. Conclusions The results suggest co-occurrence between NMUSH and distinct BAs among young adults. These findings draw attention to the need for preventive interventions for this high-risk population.
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Key Words
- BA, behavioral addiction
- BLS, Budapest Longitudinal Study
- BWAS, Bergen Work Addiction Scale
- Behavioral addictions
- CUs, current users
- DSM‐IV‐MR‐J, Diagnostic Statistical Manual‐IV‐Adapted for Juveniles
- EAI, Exercise Addiction Inventory
- Hypnotics
- IGD, internet gaming disorder
- IGDT-10, Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test
- LUs, lifetime users
- MGH-HPS, Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale
- NMUSH, non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics
- NUs, non-users
- Non-medical prescription drug use
- PGA, Psychological and Genetic Factors of Addictive Behaviors Study
- PGSI, Problem Gambling Severity Index
- PIUQ, Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire
- PMPUQ-SV, Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire
- POGQ, Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire
- RCBS, Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale
- Sedatives
- Young adults
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Péter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Borbála Paksi
- Institute of Education, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 23-27 Kazinczy Street, Budapest H-1075, Hungary
| | - Anna Magi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Eisinger
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kótyuk
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, NG1 4FQ Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
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Zhu Y, Zhan S, Anme T, Zhang G. Maternal adverse childhood experiences and behavioral problems in Chinese preschool children: The moderated mediating role of emotional dysregulation and self-compassion. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 141:106226. [PMID: 37150119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative effects of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have a direct intergenerational effect on a child's behavior. This topic has been widely examined, but few studies have explored the underlying mechanism and protective factors influencing maternal ACEs and offspring's behavioral problems in the Chinese context. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of emotional dysregulation on the relationship between maternal ACEs and offspring behavior and examine whether self-compassion can moderate this association. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The participants were 2282 preschoolers (52 % male) with a mean age of M = 62.63 months (SD = 9.28) and their mothers. They were from northern, central, and southern Anhui Province China, and data were collected in relation to the family's socioeconomic status by population density of children in the region. METHODS Data were collected from the mothers with respect to maternal ACEs, emotional dysregulation, and self-compassion. Mothers provided information regarding children's behavior and demographic characteristics. A moderated mediation model was analyzed through SPSS. RESULTS First, the presence of maternal ACEs was positively associated with offspring behavioral problems. Second, maternal emotional dysregulation mediated the relationship between ACEs and offspring behavioral problems. Third, mothers' self-compassion moderated the indirect relationship between ACEs and offspring behavioral problems via emotional dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the critical role of emotional dysregulation and self-compassion in the relationship between maternal ACEs and offspring behavioral problems. Interventions should target maternal emotional dysregulation and self-compassion to minimize the risk of intergeneration transmission of negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Zhu
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shuwei Zhan
- School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tokie Anme
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Gengli Zhang
- Faculty of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.
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11
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Ye Z, Wei X, Zhang J, Li H, Cao J. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on depression: the role of insecure attachment styles and emotion dysregulation strategies. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37359705 PMCID: PMC10099002 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The previous studies have reported that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have detrimental effects on victims' attachment styles, emotion regulation strategies and depression. How the insecure attachment styles and emotion dysregulation strategies play a role in the relationship between ACEs and depression among Chinese university students remains unclear. Methods: The research was made known to students studying at universities in China. Five hundred and eighty-nine college students completed questionnaires measuring ACEs, insecure attachment styles, emotion dysregulation strategies and depression. Sequential chain mediation model was built by Mplus. Results: The model showed that insecure attachment styles and emotion dysregulation strategies mediated the relationship between ACEs and depression respectively. Moreover, the sequential chain mediation showed an indirect path (ACEs - insecure attachment styles - emotion dysregulation strategies - depression). Conclusion: Following childhood adversities, students can experience elevated depression which is influenced by attachment styles and emotion regulation strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04613-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilan Ye
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Xiaoqi Wei
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jieting Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen university, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huilin Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiageng Cao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Borrello L, Antonelli P, Salvatori G, Dèttore D. The Relationship Between Love Addiction and Sex Addiction and the Influence of Social Support: An Exploratory Empirical Research. SEXUAL HEALTH & COMPULSIVITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26929953.2023.2185715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Antonelli
- Integrated Center of Clinical Sexology, Florence, Italy
- University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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13
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Marino C, Manari T, Vieno A, Imperato C, Spada MM, Franceschini C, Musetti A. Problematic social networking sites use and online social anxiety: The role of attachment, emotion dysregulation and motives. Addict Behav 2023; 138:107572. [PMID: 36502744 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Problematic Social Networking Sites Use (PSNSU) and social anxiety are associated. SNSs users may develop online social anxiety that may become a standalone problem. The present study aims to test the mediating role of emotion dysregulation and motives (coping, conformity, social, and enhancement) between attachment (anxiety and avoidance) and two outcomes (PSNSU and online social anxiety) in an integrated theory-driven model. Self-report questionnaires were completed by 756 SNSs users (50.4 % females; mean age = 28.74 years, SD = 8.00). Results of the path analysis supported the partial mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the association between attachment anxiety and both the outcomes and the serial mediating role via four and three motives in the association with PSNSU and online social anxiety, respectively. This study highlighted the role of several relational, emotional, and motivational factors that should be taken into account to tackle PSNSU and online social anxiety through clinical and prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marino
- Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy; Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Tommaso Manari
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessio Vieno
- Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Imperato
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marcantonio M Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | | | - Alessandro Musetti
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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14
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Attachment, emotion regulation difficulties, and forgiveness to the ex-partner: The moderating role of sex and joint children. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Tambelli R. Internet Addiction among Young Adult University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Peritraumatic Distress, Attachment, and Alexithymia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315582. [PMID: 36497656 PMCID: PMC9739655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The literature focused on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adult university students' mental health shows a significant increase in psychopathological symptoms and Internet Addiction (IA). The key role played by attachment and alexithymia has also been suggested, but no study has explored the possible dynamic relationship between these variables. We recruited a sample of n = 410 young adult university students online. We assessed the attachment to parents and peers (through IPPA), alexithymia (through TAS-20), peritraumatic distress symptoms due to COVID-19 (through CPDI), and IA (through IAT). The results showed that the relationship between the attachment to mothers and IA was partially mediated by alexithymia and by the serial mediation of alexithymia and peritraumatic distress, whereas the influence of the attachment to fathers on IA was fully mediated by peritraumatic distress. The direct effects of the attachment to peers on alexithymia, peritraumatic distress, and IA were all significant, as were the indirect paths via the simple mediation of both alexithymia and peritraumatic distress and the multiple serial mediation of alexithymia and peritraumatic distress. Our findings suggested that the relationship between attachment, alexithymia, and psychopathological risk is dynamic in predicting IA during the pandemic among young adult university students and that the different attachment figures exert a peculiar contribution to these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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16
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Giordano AL, Schmit MK, McCall J. Exploring adolescent social media and internet gaming addiction: The role of emotion regulation. JOURNAL OF ADDICTIONS & OFFENDER COUNSELING 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jaoc.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Giordano
- Department of Counseling and Human Development Services University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Michael K. Schmit
- Hazelden Betty Ford Graduate School of Addiction Studies Center City Minnesota USA
| | - John McCall
- Department of Counseling and Human Development Services University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
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17
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The Doctor Is In(ternet): The Mediating Role of Health Anxiety in the Relationship between Somatic Symptoms and Cyberchondria. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091490. [PMID: 36143275 PMCID: PMC9504509 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyberchondria is a dysfunctional behavioral pattern characterized by an excessive and anxiety-amplifying engagement in searching for reassuring health information on the Internet. Research demonstrated that somatic symptoms and health anxiety might foster maladaptive health-related behaviors, such as cyberchondria. However, the relationships between somatic symptoms, health anxiety, and cyberchondria have been scarcely examined. Accordingly, this study aimed to test the mediating effect of health anxiety on the association between somatic symptoms and cyberchondria. Four hundred and thirty-one adults from the community (158 males, 36.66%), aged between 18 and 74, were recruited via an online survey. Participants completed self-report measures of somatic symptoms, health anxiety, and cyberchondria. A mediation analysis demonstrated that the severity of somatic symptoms predicted increased levels of cyberchondria and that health anxiety partially mediated this association. Therefore, interventions aimed at decreasing health anxiety may also play a role in decreasing the risk of developing cyberchondria.
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18
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Zhang W, Zhou F, Zhang Q, Lyu Z. Attachment anxiety and smartphone addiction among university students during confinement: Teacher–student relationships, student–student relationships and school connectedness as mediators. Front Public Health 2022; 10:947392. [PMID: 35991041 PMCID: PMC9388001 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.947392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning at home during the COVID-19 confinement might affect students' relationships with their peers, teachers, and schools and increase the possibility of smartphone addiction. We hypothesized that attachment anxiety directly and indirectly affects smartphone addiction, with teacher–student relationships, student–student relationships, and school connectedness as mediators. The participants were 999 university students from different regions of China. The results showed that six of the paths were significant except the one between student–student relationships and smartphone addiction. Also, the association between attachment anxiety and smartphone addiction was mediated by teacher–student relationships and school connectedness not but student–student relationships. The current study highlights the mediating effect of school connectedness and teacher–student relationships in the multiple mediation model, and suggests that universities can alleviate the risk of smartphone addiction in distance teaching by cultivating good teacher–student relationships and strengthening students' sense of belonging to their schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Journalism and Culture Communication, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Zhang
| | - Fangzhou Zhou
- Institute of Communication Studies, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- School of Accounting, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixuan Lyu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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19
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Russo A, Santoro G, Schimmenti A. Interpersonal Guilt and Problematic Online Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2022; 19:236-247. [PMID: 36101646 PMCID: PMC9442854 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The positive association between problematic Internet use (PIU) and emotion dysregulation (ED) is well documented. Research has also found that interpersonal guilt is positively associated with ED. Nevertheless, the influence of interpersonal guilt on PIU has been scarcely examined. In the current study, we investigated the relationships among the three constructs, and tested if emotion dysregulation mediates the association between interpersonal guilt and different types of PIU, namely problematic online gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic online pornography use. METHOD A sample of 434 adult participants (210 males, 48.4%) aged between 18 and 69 years old completed self-reported measures on interpersonal guilt, ED, and PIU. A structural equation modeling (SEM) framework was used to test the mediation models. RESULTS SEM analyses showed that ED mediates the relationship between interpersonal guilt as antecedent, and problematic online gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic online pornography use as outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that emotion dysregulation deriving from experiences of interpersonal guilt can amplify the risk of using gaming, social media, and online pornography in a problematic way. Implications for prevention and treatment of PIU are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy,Corresponding author Dr. Angela Russo, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE – Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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20
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Opsenica Kostić J, Pedović I, Stošić M. Predicting social media use intensity in late adolescence: The role of attachment to friends and fear of missing out. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 229:103667. [PMID: 35841690 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of research on social media use (SMU) is focused on its negative effects while often disregarding that it can also help adolescents form and maintain a network of social relations and support. This study explores the possibility of predicting SMU intensity based on peer attachment dimensions (Trust, Communication, Alienation) and FoMO on a sample of adolescents (N = 557; Mage = 18.09; SDage = .275). The results show that Trust and Communication (merged in one dimension of Peer support) are positive predictors of SMU and that this effect is partly mediated by FoMO which was also found to be a positive predictor. Alienation was not a significant predictor in the first step of regression analysis, but it became significant upon the addition of FoMO. The indirect effects analysis showed that FoMO suppresses the effect of Alienation on SMU intensity - the stronger FoMO the smaller the effect of Alienation. To sum up, when there is trust and good communication in relationships with friends, but also Fear of missing out, there will be more intensive use of SM. In addition, although being alienated from friends can restrict the use of SM, this effect is diminished if there is Fear of missing out. Taken together, these results point to the role of peer attachment and FoMO in predicting the intensity of SMU which can be viewed not as a negative phenomenon but as a way of acquiring social capital and a means of preserving and maintaining already acquired social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Pedović
- Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Ćirila i Metodija 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Marina Stošić
- Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Čika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
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21
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Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35615694 PMCID: PMC9122809 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the Covid-19 outbreak, addictive social media use increased in many countries. To better understand this development, a universal instrument for the assessment of addictive social media use is required. Against this background, we examined the psychometric properties of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in representative population samples in nine countries (N = 9418, age range: "18 to 24 years" (youngest group), "55 years and older" (oldest group): China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Furthermore, we investigated potential factors and mechanisms that could be associated with addictive social media use. Our cross-national findings show that the BSMAS is a unidimensional reliable and valid instrument. Moreover, they reveal that the negative association between positive mental health and addictive social media use is mediated by sense of control in seven of the nine countries (exception: China, Russia). Thus, it can be hypothesized that activities which increase positive mental health could indirectly contribute to the decrease of addictive social media use. We identified conscious engagement in physical activity and a regular sleep rhythm during the pandemic as such potential activities. The fostering of both by governmental programs could enhance positive mental health and reduce addictive social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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22
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CONSTANTINESCU N, BACRO F, DINCĂ M. "A Romanian Version of the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale – Short Form (ECR-S) Measure of Adult Attachment". JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED PSYCHOTHERAPIES 2022. [DOI: 10.24193/jebp.2022.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present research objective is to adapt the 12-item Experiences in Close Relationship Scale – Short Form (ECR-S) on the Romanian population. This self-report scale is used to assess adult attachment, by two dimensions: Anxiety and Avoidance. The psychometric properties of the instrument were assessed in a cross-sectional approach, by examining the reliability (in terms of internal consistency, as well as test-retest reliability), factor structure, convergent and predictive validity, in a sample from general population. A total number of 440 participants, aged 18 to 71 years-old, filled out a socio-demographics data sheet, the ECR-S and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The incomplete questionnaires were removed, resulting in a final number of 421 participants for the analysis. Results indicated good internal consistency (Cronbach`s alpha coefficients 0.79, 0.73, McDonald`s omega coefficients 0.80, 0.74) and good test-retest reliability over 2-weeks period (Spearman coefficients 0.86, 0.74) for both subscales (Anxiety and Avoidance). The confirmatory analysis revealed a bifactorial structure, with 11 items. Results confirmed convergent and predictive validity. Influence of socio-demographic variables was also assessed. The results indicate that the Romanian version of ECR-S has good psychometric properties, being a suitable instrument for assessing adult attachment.
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23
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Anand N, Sharma MK, Thakur PC, Mondal I, Sahu M, Singh P, J AS, Kande JS, Ms N, Singh R. Doomsurfing and doomscrolling mediate psychological distress in COVID-19 lockdown: Implications for awareness of cognitive biases. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:170-172. [PMID: 33880766 PMCID: PMC8250995 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant increase in the consumption of the internet for work, leisure time activities, and has also generated substantial amounts of anxiety, and uncertainty, which has lead individuals to spend a lot of time surfing the internet for the latest news on developments in the COVID-19 crisis. This ends up as scrolling or surfing through a lot of pessimistic news items. This search for information during COVID-19 is apparently influenced by a number of cognitive biases as well as mediated by poor affect regulation skills. Thus, there is a need to address these cognitive biases and promote affect regulation strategies across health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Anand
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SHUT Clinic (Service for Healthy use of Technology), NIMHANS Center for Well Being, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pranjali Chakraborty Thakur
- Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ishita Mondal
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Maya Sahu
- Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SHUT Clinic (Service for Healthy use of Technology), NIMHANS Center for Well Being, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajith S J
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SHUT Clinic (Service for Healthy use of Technology), NIMHANS Center for Well Being, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayesh Suresh Kande
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Neeraj Ms
- Department of Psychiatric Social work, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ripudaman Singh
- Department of Psychiatric Social work, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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24
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Gerra ML, Gerra MC, Tadonio L, Pellegrini P, Marchesi C, Mattfeld E, Gerra G, Ossola P. Early parent-child interactions and substance use disorder: An attachment perspective on a biopsychosocial entanglement. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:560-580. [PMID: 34606823 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to elucidate environmental and genetic factors, as well as their epigenetic and neuroendocrine moderators, that may underlie the association between early childhood experiences and Substance Use Disorders (SUD), through the lens of parental attachment. Here we review those attachment-related studies that examined the monoaminergic systems, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal stress response system, the oxytoninergic system, and the endogenous opioid system from a genetic, epigenetic, and neuroendocrine perspective. Overall, the selected studies point to a moderating effect of insecure attachment between genetic vulnerability and SUD, reasonably through epigenetic modifications. Preliminary evidence suggests that vulnerability to SUDs is related with hypo-methylation (e.g. hyper-expression) of high-risk polymorphisms on the monoaminergic and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal system and hyper-methylation (e.g. hypo-expressions) of protective polymorphisms on the opioid and oxytocin system. These epigenetic modifications may induce a cascade of neuroendocrine changes contributing to the subclinical and behavioural manifestations that precede the clinical onset of SUD. Protective and supportive parenting could hence represent a key therapeutic target to prevent addiction and moderate insecure attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Carla Gerra
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Carlo Marchesi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Elizabeth Mattfeld
- Drug Prevention and Health Branch, Prevention Treatment and Rehabilitation Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gilberto Gerra
- Department of Mental Health, AUSL of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ossola
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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25
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Costanzo A, Santoro G, Russo S, Cassarà MS, Midolo LR, Billieux J, Schimmenti A. Attached to Virtual Dreams: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Problematic Social Media Use. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:656-664. [PMID: 34448734 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Maladaptive daydreaming describes excessive fantasy activity that interferes with an individual's life. Surprisingly, the precursors of maladaptive daydreaming and its role in excessive involvement in virtual worlds have been scarcely investigated. In the current study, we examined the relationships among attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of community-dwelling adults. Eight hundred seventy-seven participants between 18 and 68 years old were recruited via an online survey and asked to fill out self-reported measures on attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and PSMU. Mediation analyses showed that maladaptive daydreaming is a significant mediator in the relationships between preoccupied and fearful attachment styles and PSMU, suggesting that maladaptive daydreaming partly explains the established link between insecure attachment styles and excessive use of social media. Individuals with PSMU fostered by maladaptive daydreaming may benefit from clinical interventions that promote the use of adaptive regulatory strategies to develop feelings of security and self-confidence that may serve to reduce the excessive involvement in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Costanzo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Santi Russo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Cassarà
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Midolo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
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26
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Liang HY, Zhang B, Jiang HB, Zhou HL. Adult attachment: Its mediation role on childhood trauma and mobile phone addiction. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2021.1952706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Liang
- School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huai-Bin Jiang
- Department of Education, Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuqing, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhou
- School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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27
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The relevance of emotion regulation, procrastination, and perceived stress for problematic social media use in a representative sample of children and adolescents. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Bonassi A, Carollo A, Cataldo I, Gabrieli G, Tandiono M, Foo JN, Lepri B, Esposito G. Modulation of Instagram Number of Followings by Avoidance in Close Relationships in Young Adults under a Gene x Environment Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7547. [PMID: 34300010 PMCID: PMC8303232 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Social networking sites have determined radical changes in human life, demanding investigations on online socialization mechanisms. The knowledge acquired on in-person sociability could guide researchers to consider both environmental and genetic features as candidates of online socialization. Here, we explored the impact of the quality of adult attachment and the genetic properties of the Serotonin Transporter Gene (5-HTTLPR) on Instagram social behavior. Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire was adopted to assess 57 Instagram users' attachment pattern in close relationships with partners. Genotypes from the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 region were extracted from the users' buccal mucosa and analyzed. Users' Instagram social behavior was examined from four indexes: number of posts, number of followed users ("followings") and number of followers, and the Social Desirability Index calculated from the followers to followings ratio. Although no interaction between rs25531 and ECR-R dimensions was found, an association between avoidance in close relationships and Instagram number of followings emerged. Post hoc analyses revealed adult avoidance from the partner predicts the Instagram number of followings with good evidence. Moreover, users reporting high avoidance levels displayed fewer followings than users who reported low levels of avoidance. This research provides a window into the psychobiological understanding of online socialization on Instagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bonassi
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto TN, Italy; (A.B.); (A.C.); (I.C.)
- Mobile and Social Computing Lab, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, 38123 Trento TN, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Carollo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto TN, Italy; (A.B.); (A.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Cataldo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto TN, Italy; (A.B.); (A.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Giulio Gabrieli
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore;
| | - Moses Tandiono
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (M.T.); (J.N.F.)
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (M.T.); (J.N.F.)
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Bruno Lepri
- Mobile and Social Computing Lab, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, 38123 Trento TN, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto TN, Italy; (A.B.); (A.C.); (I.C.)
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore;
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (M.T.); (J.N.F.)
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Sharma MK, Anand N, Roopesh BN, Sunil S. Digital resilience mediates healthy use of technology. Med Leg J 2021; 90:195-199. [PMID: 34259055 DOI: 10.1177/00258172211018337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive use of online technology brings with it the risk of problematic digital behaviour like over-use of social media, online gambling, webinar fatigue, digital burnout, and in extreme cases doom surfing, and doom scrolling. In addition, digital failures can cause significant mental health distress to people, and unhealthy interactions on social media can also lead to deviant behaviour such as cyber bullying and cybercrime. This paper discusses the various vulnerabilities an individual is predisposed to on the internet, and highlights the importance of "Digital Resilience". Digital resilience is a new concept which refers to the learning, recovery, and bouncing back process after having negative or adverse experiences online. A comprehensive and holistic model to introduce Digital Resilience to everyone through a multitier approach that includes Individual, Societal, and Community intervention is formulated and elaborated. The importance of addressing these concerns from both a psychological and legal perspective is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Sharma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SHUT Clinic (Service for Healthy Use of Technology), National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Nitin Anand
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Bangalore N Roopesh
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Shweta Sunil
- Department of Psychology, CMR University, Bengaluru, India
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30
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Coyne SM, Shawcroft J, Gale M, Gentile DA, Etherington JT, Holmgren H, Stockdale L. Tantrums, toddlers and technology: Temperament, media emotion regulation, and problematic media use in early childhood. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021; 120:106762. [PMID: 33927469 PMCID: PMC8078852 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parents regularly use media to help regulate their child's difficult emotions, particularly for those with a more difficult temperament. However, no research has examined how this may be related to the development of problematic (or addictive-like) media use in early childhood. The purpose of the study was to examine associations between temperament, parental media emotion regulation, and problematic media use in young children, using both questionnaires and observational data. Participants included 269 toddlers (2-3 years old) and their parents, who completed several observational tasks and questionnaires. Analyses revealed that higher levels of media emotion regulation was associated with more problematic media use and more extreme emotions when media was removed in toddlers. Additionally, temperament (specifically negative affect and surgency) was related to problematic media and extreme emotions and was mediated by media emotion regulation. Parents should avoid using media as a primary way of regulating their children's emotions as this may be related to the development of problematic media strategies during infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Coyne
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jane Shawcroft
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Megan Gale
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Hailey Holmgren
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Laura Stockdale
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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31
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Dickerson DL, D'Amico EJ, Klein DJ, Johnson CL, Hale B, Ye F. Mental Health, Physical Health, and Cultural Characteristics Among American Indians/Alaska Natives Seeking Substance Use Treatment in an Urban Setting: A Descriptive Study. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:937-947. [PMID: 32720004 PMCID: PMC7855095 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Although approximately 70% of American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) reside in urban areas, our knowledge of risk and protective factors among AI/ANs seeking substance use treatment within urban areas is limited. We analyze substance and commercialized cigarette use, AI/AN cultural identity and involvement, physical health and cognitive functioning, and mental health symptoms among 63 AI/AN adults seeking substance use treatment within an urban area in California. Alcohol (37%), marijuana (27%), and methamphetamine (22%) were the most commonly reported substances. Sixty-two percent used commercialized tobacco use. The majority of AI/AN adults (78%) engaged in at least one traditional practice during the past month and endorsed high levels of spiritual connectedness. Those who engaged in traditional practices demonstrated significantly less depression (p = 0.007) and anxiety (p = 0.04). Medical and mental health issues were not prominent, although participants revealed high levels of cognitive impairment. Results highlight the importance of utilizing AI/AN traditional practices for AI/AN adults seeking substance use treatment within urban areas. Clinical Trials Registry Number NCT01356667.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Dickerson
- Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 11075 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
| | | | - David J Klein
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA
| | - Carrie L Johnson
- Sacred Path Indigenous Wellness Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Benjamin Hale
- Sacred Path Indigenous Wellness Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Feifei Ye
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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32
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A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addict Behav 2021; 114:106699. [PMID: 33268185 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing use of social media, the addictive use of this new technology also grows. Previous studies found that addictive social media use is associated with negative consequences such as reduced productivity, unhealthy social relationships, and reduced life-satisfaction. However, a holistic theoretical understanding of how social media addiction develops is still lacking, which impedes practical research that aims at designing educational and other intervention programs to prevent social media addiction. In this study, we reviewed 25 distinct theories/models that guided the research design of 55 empirical studies of social media addiction to identify theoretical perspectives and constructs that have been examined to explain the development of social media addiction. Limitations of the existing theoretical frameworks were identified, and future research areas are proposed.
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33
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Gioia F, Rega V, Boursier V. Problematic Internet Use and Emotional Dysregulation Among Young People: A Literature Review. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2021; 18:41-54. [PMID: 34909019 PMCID: PMC8629046 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20210104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years scientific interest in Internet use disorders, especially among young people, has grown dramatically. Within this contemporary research field, difficulties in regulating emotions have been increasingly explored in association with problematic Internet use (PIU). Indeed, individuals who experience difficulties in emotion regulation might be more exposed to the risk of developing PIU. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the literature from the last ten years focused on the relationship between young people's emotional dysregulation and PIU, taking into account the main variables involved in this relationship and possible gender-related differences. METHOD This review included studies published between 2010 and 2020 that were indexed in major databases with the following keywords: emotion regulation, problematic Internet use, Internet addiction, social network addiction, and social media addiction. In the selection process of the studies, close attention was paid for the mean age of the involved samples that had to range between 13 and 25 years. RESULTS A total of 23 studies satisfied the initial inclusion criteria and were included in the present literature review. Several reviewed studies found a strong association between emotion dysregulation and both PIU and problematic social networking with controversial gender-based findings. Furthermore, the relationships among emotional dysregulation, PIU, attachment styles, and metacognitions were largely explored. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the present review showed that problematic Internet use might represent a coping strategy to compensate for emotional regulation deficits. The lack of social support and the lack of a good parent-adolescent relationship seem to negatively affect emotional regulation abilities, which in turn increase the risk of developing PIU. Moreover, good metacognitive abilities might represent a protective factor towards emotional dysregulation and PIU. Finally, males with emotional dysregulation are likely to be more problematically engaged in Internet use than females. These results might have important practical implications to implement health prevention/promotion programs, emotion regulation-based training programmes and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gioia
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Porta di Massa, 1 - 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Rega
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Porta di Massa, 1 - 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Boursier
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Porta di Massa, 1 - 80133 Naples, Italy
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