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Barry CT, Kim H. Parental monitoring of adolescent social media use: relations with adolescent mental health and self-perception. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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A large number of online friends and a high frequency of social interaction compensate for each Other's shortage in regard to perceived social support. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:1575-1584. [PMID: 33716471 PMCID: PMC7936227 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored the role of the number of online friends, the frequency of social interaction and their interaction in perceived social support on WeChat, a widely used social network service, among Chinese undergraduates. A total of 1396 Chinese undergraduates completed questionnaires regarding their number of friends, frequency of social interaction and perceived social support on WeChat. The results indicated that the undergraduates' number of friends was positively related to their perceived social support, but this link was significantly stronger for undergraduates with a low frequency of social interaction than for their counterparts. Similarly, a high frequency of social interaction was found to be positively associated with perceived social support, but this relationship was much stronger for undergraduates with a smaller number of friends than for their counterparts. However, undergraduates with both a large number of friends and a high frequency of social interaction did not acquire more social support than those with only one of the two online advantages. These findings suggest that the interaction between the two online factors on perceived social support should follow a compensatory pattern rather than an additive one. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Olson JA, Sandra DA, Chmoulevitch D, Raz A, Veissière SPL. A Nudge-Based Intervention to Reduce Problematic Smartphone Use: Randomised Controlled Trial. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-23. [PMID: 35600564 PMCID: PMC9112639 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00826-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Problematic smartphone use is rising across the world. We tested an intervention with ten strategies that nudge users to reduce their smartphone use, for example by disabling non-essential notifications and changing their display to greyscale. Participants first completed baseline measures of smartphone use, well-being, and cognition before choosing which intervention strategies to follow for 2 to 6 weeks. Study 1 ( N = 51 ) used a pre-post design while study 2 ( N = 70 ) compared the intervention to a control group who monitored their screen time. Study 1 found reductions in problematic smartphone use, screen time, and depressive symptoms after 2 weeks. Study 2 found that the intervention reduced problematic smartphone use, lowered screen time, and improved sleep quality compared to the control group. Our brief intervention returned problematic smartphone use scores to normal levels for at least 6 weeks. These results demonstrate that various strategies can be combined while maintaining feasibility and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A. Olson
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Dasha A. Sandra
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | | | - Amir Raz
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1 Canada
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Samuel P. L. Veissière
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1 Canada
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Olson JA, Sandra DA, Colucci ÉS, Al Bikaii A, Chmoulevitch D, Nahas J, Raz A, Veissière SP. Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gumport NB, Gasperetti CE, Silk JS, Harvey AG. The Impact of Television, Electronic Games, and Social Technology Use on Sleep and Health in Adolescents with an Evening Circadian Preference. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:2351-2362. [PMID: 33948831 PMCID: PMC8566326 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There are mixed findings when examining if technology use is harmful for adolescent sleep and health. This study builds on these mixed findings by examining the association between technology use with sleep and health in a high-risk group of adolescents. Adolescents with an evening circadian preference (N = 176; 58% female, mean age = 14.77, age range = 10-18) completed measures over one week. Sleep was measured via actigraphy. Technology use and health were measured using ecological momentary assessment. Technology use was associated with an increase in sleep onset latency; with better emotional, social, cognitive, and physical health; and with worse behavioral health. This study offers support for technology use having some benefits and expands research on technology use to adolescents with an evening circadian preference.
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Atkin AJ, Dainty JR, Dumuid D, Kontostoli E, Shepstone L, Tyler R, Noonan R, Richardson C, Fairclough SJ. Adolescent time use and mental health: a cross-sectional, compositional analysis in the Millennium Cohort Study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047189. [PMID: 34610930 PMCID: PMC8493927 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of 24-hour time-use compositions with mental health in a large, geographically diverse sample of UK adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional, secondary data analysis. SETTING Millennium Cohort Study (sixth survey), a UK-based prospective birth cohort. PARTICIPANTS Data were available from 4642 adolescents aged 14 years. Analytical samples for weekday and weekend analyses were n=3485 and n=3468, respectively (45% boys, 85% white ethnicity). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, socioemotional behaviour), Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ, depressive symptoms) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE, self-esteem). Behavioural exposure data were derived from 24-hour time-use diaries. RESULTS On weekdays, participants spent approximately 54% of their time in sleep, 3% in physical activity, 9% in school-related activities, 6% in hobbies, 11% using electronic media and 16% in domestic activities. Predicted differences in SDQ, MFQ and RSE were statistically significant for all models (weekday and weekend) that simulated the addition or removal of 15 min physical activity, with an increase in activity being associated with improved mental health and vice versa. Predicted differences in RSE were also significant for simulated changes in electronic media use; an increase in electronic media use was associated with reduced self-esteem. CONCLUSION Small but consistent associations were observed between physical activity, electronic media use and selected markers of mental health. Findings support the delivery of physical activity interventions to promote mental health during adolescence, without the need to specifically target or protect time spent in other activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Jack R Dainty
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Elli Kontostoli
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Lee Shepstone
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Richard Tyler
- Health Research Institute and Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Robert Noonan
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Health Research Institute and Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
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Khazaie H, Zakiei A, McCall WV, Noori K, Rostampour M, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Brand S. Relationship between Sleep Problems and Self-Injury: A Systematic Review. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:689-704. [PMID: 32991212 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1822360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective/Background: Previous studies suggested that sleep problems were related to non-suicidal self-injury. The current systematic review investigated more thoroughly this relationship.Methods: PubMED and Embase databases were searched. The keywords were "self-injury" OR "self-harm" OR "non-suicidal self-injury" OR "self-injurious behavior" OR "self-destructive behavior" OR "self-mutilation" AND "sleep problem" OR "sleep disturbance" OR insomnia OR nightmare OR "poor sleep quality" or "sleep disorders." A total of 16 studies were included in the present review.Results: The pattern of results indicated that sleep problems such as short sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and poor sleep quality were associated with non-suicidal self-injury. Additionally, emotional dysregulation, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder appeared to mediate this relationship. Above all adolescents and young adults with sleep disruptions were at higher risk of non-suicidal self-injury.Conclusions:g Interventions to improve sleep quality and sleep duration might concomitantly decrease the risk of non-suicidal self-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Zakiei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - William Vaughn McCall
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Khadijeh Noori
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rostampour
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Dena Sadeghi Bahmani
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Psychiatric Hospital, Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Serge Brand
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Psychiatric Hospital, Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Weinstein E, Kleiman EM, Franz PJ, Joyce VW, Nash CC, Buonopane RJ, Nock MK. Positive and negative uses of social media among adolescents hospitalized for suicidal behavior. J Adolesc 2021; 87:63-73. [PMID: 33493982 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is public concern about potential associations between adolescent social media/smartphone use and risk for suicide. However, no prior studies leverage qualitative methods to explore the experiences of adolescents currently at-risk for suicide. METHODS This study examined social technology use from the perspectives of adolescents (n = 30; Mage = 16.1 years) currently hospitalized for a recent suicide attempt or severe ideation. We conducted in-depth interviews and coded transcripts using thematic analysis. We had three research questions: What (1) negative and (2) positive experiences do suicidal adolescents report related to their use of social media/smartphones? (3) How do adolescents describe their disconnection from these technologies use during inpatient hospitalization and views on a subsequent return to digital connectivity after discharge? RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Results reveal both positive and negative social technology uses, with most participants reporting mixed (positive and negative) experiences. Negatives/risks included trouble regulating use, stress related to social media metrics, encounters with "triggering" content, hostility and meanness, self-denigrating comparisons, and burdensome friendship expectations. Positives/benefits included social connection, social support, affect-enhancing content, shared interests, and resources for mental health and coping. Overall, the documented risks and benefits of social technology use correspond with established (offline) risk and protective factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Participants generally valued the break from social technologies during hospitalization, and also viewed them as integral to social re-entry and identified related concerns. Future studies should test well-being focused 'digital hygiene' interventions for maximizing potential benefits and minimizing potential harms of social technologies for at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Weinstein
- Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, United States.
| | - Evan M Kleiman
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, United States; Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's Hospital, United States
| | - Peter J Franz
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
| | - Victoria W Joyce
- Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's Hospital, United States
| | - Carol C Nash
- Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's Hospital, United States
| | - Ralph J Buonopane
- Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's Hospital, United States
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States; Mental Health Research, Franciscan Children's Hospital, United States
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