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Paterson C, Leduc C, Maxwell M, Aust B, Strachan H, O'Connor A, Tsantila F, Cresswell-Smith J, Purebl G, Winter L, Fanaj N, Doukani A, Hogg B, Corcoran P, D'Alessandro L, Mathieu S, Hegerl U, Arensman E, Greiner BA. Barriers and facilitators to implementing workplace interventions to promote mental health: qualitative evidence synthesis. Syst Rev 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38849924 PMCID: PMC11157821 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite growing interest in workplace mental health interventions, evidence of their effectiveness is mixed. Implementation science offers a valuable lens to investigate the factors influencing successful implementation. However, evidence synthesis is lacking, especially for small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and for specific work sectors. The objectives of this review are to establish the scope of research with explicit analysis of implementation aspects of workplace mental health interventions and to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation in general and within SMEs and selected sectors. METHODS A systematic scoping review and meta-synthesis of mixed methods process evaluation research from 11 databases, with the evaluation of methodological quality (MMAT) and confidence in findings (CERQual), was conducted. We selected information-rich studies and synthesised them using domains within the Nielsen and Randall implementation framework: context, intervention activities, implementation; and mental models. RESULTS We included 43 studies published between 2009 and 2022, of which 22 were rated as information-rich to be analysed for barriers and facilitators. Most studies were conducted in healthcare. Facilitators reflecting 'high confidence' included: relevant and tailored content, continuous and pro-active leadership buy-in and support, internal or external change agents/champions, assistance from managers and peers, resources, and senior-level experience and awareness of mental health issues. Healthcare sector-specific facilitators included: easy accessibility with time provided, fostering relationships, clear communication, and perceptions of the intervention. Stigma and confidentiality issues were reported as barriers overall. Due to the small number of studies within SMEs reported findings did not reach 'high confidence'. A lack of studies in construction and Information and Communication Technology meant separate analyses were not possible. CONCLUSIONS There is dependable evidence of key factors for the implementation of workplace mental health interventions which should be used to improve implementation. However, there is a lack of studies in SMEs and in a larger variety of sectors. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Research Registry ( reviewregistry897 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Paterson
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professional Research Unit, University of Stirling, Pathfoot Building, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Caleb Leduc
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
| | - Margaret Maxwell
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professional Research Unit, University of Stirling, Pathfoot Building, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Birgit Aust
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Heather Strachan
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professional Research Unit, University of Stirling, Pathfoot Building, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Fotini Tsantila
- LUCAS, Centre for Care Research and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Louvain, 3000, Belgium
| | - Johanna Cresswell-Smith
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Equality Unit-Mental Health Team, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gyorgy Purebl
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lars Winter
- Phrenos Center of Expertise for Severe Mental Illnesses, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Naim Fanaj
- Mental Health Center Prizren, Prizren, Kosovo
- Almae Mater Europaea Campus College Rezonanca, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Asmae Doukani
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Bridget Hogg
- Centre Fòrum Research Unit, Institute of Mental Health, Hospital del Mar Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainHospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Corcoran
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
| | - Luigia D'Alessandro
- International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP), 5221 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA
| | - Sharna Mathieu
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4122, Australia
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- European Alliance Against Depression E.V., Leipzig, 04109, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, 60528, Germany
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Birgit A Greiner
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
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Cavallari JM, Trudel SM, Miskovsky MN, Laguerre RA, Dugan AG. Life satisfaction and job and personal resources among public workers with non-standard work schedules. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1133. [PMID: 38654243 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the link between non-standard work schedules and poor health outcomes is established, few studies have examined how resources both in and outside of work can support the well-being of workers with non-standard work schedules. METHODS Using a cross-sectional survey, we assessed the association between one facet of well-being, life satisfaction, and job and personal resources. In 2019, an electronic survey was administered to two unionized, public service populations who work non-standard work schedules: transportation maintainers and correctional supervisors. We assessed life satisfaction with a 10-item scale; a broad set of job resources (reward satisfaction, supervisor support, co-worker support, schedule satisfaction, and working hours fit); and a broad set of personal resources (health status, sleep, physical activity, and finances). We used log-binomial regression models to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals among statistically significant univariate predictors. RESULTS Of the 316 workers surveyed, the majority were male (86%), White (68%), and reported positive life satisfaction (56%). In multivariate models, the prevalence of positive life satisfaction was higher in workers reporting reward satisfaction (PR:1.35, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.65; p = 0.003), good work schedule fit (PR:1.43, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.83; p = 0.004), good health (PR:2.92, 95% CI: 1.70, 4.99; p < 0.0001), and good finances (PR:1.32, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.72; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Employers should consider increasing work recognition, as well as improving schedule fit, financial well-being, and overall good health in support of worker life satisfaction and ultimately well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Cavallari
- UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, UConn School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC 6325, 06030-6325, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Watanabe K, Hikichi H, Imamura K, Sakuraya A, Yoshikawa T, Izawa S, Eguchi H, Inoue A, Yoshida K, Orihashi Y, Tsutsumi A. Multifaceted ORganizational InterventiONs (M-ORION) project for prevention of depression and anxiety among workers: study protocol for a five-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:601. [PMID: 38402156 PMCID: PMC10894478 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health issues experienced by workers. Although organizational intervention has been extensively evaluated as a primary prevention of depression and anxiety, the corresponding scientific evidence remains limited because of the lack of cluster randomized controlled trials (cRCT) and failure to detect organizational-level effects. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the preventive effects of four types of interventions on depression and anxiety among workers in an open, five-arm, parallel-group cRCT. METHODS Overall, 140 worksites and 18,200 nested employees will be recruited from September 2023. The eligible worksites will be randomly assigned to each of the five arms, and programs will be offered for 6-12 months. The five arms are 1) psychoeducation for workers, 2) psychoeducation for supervisors, 3) work environment improvement, 4) physical activity promotion, and 5) active control. The primary outcomes of interest are depression and anxiety. We will also assess psychosocial factors at work, work engagement, health-related quality of life, well-being, economic outcomes, physiological outcomes of health checkups, cortisol levels extracted from fingernails, and indices representing the process and implementation outcomes, including program completion rates. Follow-up surveys will be conducted at 6, 12, and 18 months from baseline, and the primary endpoint is set at the 6-month follow-up. Repeated-measures multi-level mixed modeling will be used to evaluate the effect of each intervention compared with the control. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Kitasato University Medical Ethics Organization (C22-082). The results and findings of this study will be published in a scientific journal and disseminated to companies that participate in the study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000050949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hikichi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kotaro Imamura
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Asuka Sakuraya
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshikawa
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders (RECORDs), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki, 214-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Izawa
- Occupational Stress and Health Management Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki, 214-8585, Japan
| | - Hisashi Eguchi
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Institutional Research Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- IID Co. Ltd, 4-1-11 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0034, Japan
| | - Yasushi Orihashi
- Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan.
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Rule A, Abbey C, Wang H, Rozelle S, Singh MK. Measurement of flourishing: a scoping review. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1293943. [PMID: 38362251 PMCID: PMC10867253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1293943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Flourishing is an evolving wellbeing construct and outcome of interest across the social and biological sciences. Despite some conceptual advancements, there remains limited consensus on how to measure flourishing, as well as how to distinguish it from closely related wellbeing constructs, such as thriving and life satisfaction. This paper aims to provide an overview and comparison of the diverse scales that have been developed to measure flourishing among adolescent and adult populations to provide recommendations for future studies seeking to use flourishing as an outcome in social and biological research. Methods In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we conducted a scoping review across PubMed and EMBASE of studies introducing original flourishing scales (defined as a previously unpublished measure of mental health or wellbeing that used "flourishing" in its definition). Studies focusing on adult populations that were published before April 28, 2023 were considered eligible for inclusion. Results Out of 781 studies retrieved, we identified seven eligible studies covering seven unique flourishing scales. We find that all seven scales are multidimensional and assess features over monthly or yearly intervals. While most of the scales (six out of seven) include indicators of both hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing, the operationalization of these dimensions of wellbeing varies considerably between scales. Several of the scales have been translated and validated across multiple geographical contexts, including higher- and lower-income countries. Discussion Complementing self-report measures with other social, economic, regional, and biological indicators of flourishing may be useful to provide holistic and widely applicable measures of wellbeing. This review contributes to concept validation efforts that can guide strategies to sustain flourishing societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rule
- Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Cody Abbey
- Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Huan Wang
- Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Scott Rozelle
- Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Manpreet K. Singh
- Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Rugulies R, Aust B, Greiner BA, Arensman E, Kawakami N, LaMontagne AD, Madsen IEH. Work-related causes of mental health conditions and interventions for their improvement in workplaces. Lancet 2023; 402:1368-1381. [PMID: 37838442 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems and disorders are common among working people and are costly for the affected individuals, employers, and whole of society. This discussion paper provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the relationship between work and mental health to inform research, policy, and practice. We synthesise available evidence, examining both the role of working conditions in the development of mental disorders, and what can be done to protect and promote mental health in the workplace. We show that exposure to some working conditions is associated with an increased risk of the onset of depressive disorders, the most studied mental disorders. The causality of the association, however, is still debated. Causal inference should be supported by more research with stronger linkage to theory, better exposure assessment, better understanding of biopsychosocial mechanisms, use of innovative analytical methods, a life-course perspective, and better understanding of the role of context, including the role of societal structures in the development of mental disorders. There is growing evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to protect and promote mental health and wellbeing in the workplace; however, there is a disproportionate focus on interventions directed towards individual workers and illnesses, compared with interventions for improving working conditions and enhancing mental health. Moreover, research on work and mental health is mainly done in high-income countries, and often does not address workers in lower socioeconomic positions. Flexible and innovative approaches tailored to local conditions are needed in implementation research on workplace mental health to complement experimental studies. Improvements in translating workplace mental health research to policy and practice, such as through workplace-oriented concrete guidance for interventions, and by national policies and programmes focusing on the people most in need, could capitalise on the growing interest in workplace mental health, possibly yielding important mental health gains in working populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birgit Aust
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Junpukai Foundation, Okayama, Japan
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ida E H Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Dohi Y, Imamura K, Sasaki N, Komase Y, Sakuraya A, Nakamura Y, Maejima M, Aoyama M, Kawakami N, Miyamoto Y. Effects of an Internet Delivered Behavioral Activation Program on Improving Work Engagement Among Japanese Workers: A Pretest and Posttest Study. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e654-e659. [PMID: 37505082 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to examine the effect of a newly developed Internet-delivered behavioral activation (iBA) program on work engagement and well-being among Japanese workers with elevated psychological distress. METHODS Participants were recruited via an Internet survey company ( N = 3299). The eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) Japanese employees aged 20 to 59 years, (2) having psychological distress, and (3) not self-employed. This iBA program was a 3-week web-based training course using behavioral activation techniques. Work engagement, psychological distress, and eudemonic well-being at work were measured at baseline and postintervention period. A paired sample t test was conducted to assess the intervention effect. RESULTS Of the 568 eligible participants, 120 were randomly selected. A total of 108 participants completed the baseline survey and received the iBA program. Eighty respondents completed the postintervention survey and were included in analyses. The iBA program did not show a significant intervention effect on work engagement ( P = 0.22, Cohen d = 0.14), while psychological distress ( P < 0.01, d = -0.40) and role-oriented future prospects ( P = 0.02, Cohen d = 0.27) were significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS The effect of the iBA program on work engagement may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Dohi
- From the Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate school of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (Y.D., Y.M.); Department of Mental health, Graduate school of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K.I., N.S., A.S., N.K.); and Fujitsu Japan Limited, Tokyo, Japan (Y.K., Y.N., M.M., M.A.)
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Claes S, Vandepitte S, Clays E, Annemans L. How job demands and job resources contribute to our overall subjective well-being. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1220263. [PMID: 37539001 PMCID: PMC10394838 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1220263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives How the work environment contributes to employees' overall subjective well-being remains inadequately explored. Building upon the seminal Job Demands-Resources model, this study aims to test a complex model that combines leadership, job demands, and job resources, as factors contributing either indirectly (via job satisfaction) or directly to employees' subjective well-being (SWB). Methods The cross-sectional data (N = 1,859) of the Belgian National happiness study (2020) were used. Leadership (satisfaction with leadership; perceived supervisor support), job demands (role conflict; job insecurity; work-private conflict; perceived working conditions), job resources (autonomy; relatedness; competence; skill utilization; personal growth), job satisfaction and subjective well-being (life evaluation; positive affect; negative affect) were assessed via self-report questionnaires. The proposed model investigates the direct impact of job demands and resources on SWB, as well as the indirect impact with job satisfaction as mediating factor, and was tested using the Structural Equation Modeling technique. Results Findings supported the proposed model. Both job demands and job resources have a direct relationship with SWB. Job resources are positively related to overall SWB, whereas job demands negatively affected SWB. Moreover, job resources are more strongly related to SWB compared to job demands. The demands and resources also indirectly contribute to employee's SWB via job satisfaction as job satisfaction appeared to mediate these relationships. Conclusion The current study shows that both job demands and resources directly and indirectly contribute to employees' SWB. Creating a supportive and healthy work environment is thus of paramount importance in order to foster employees' SWB. In particular, investing in improving job resources may be a fruitful approach to promote employees' overall subjective well-being.
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Whyne EZ, Woo J, Jeon-Slaughter H. The Effects of Subjective Wellbeing and Self-Rated Health on Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Conditions in Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6380. [PMID: 37510612 PMCID: PMC10378917 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Subjective wellbeing may predict future health conditions, and lower self-rated physical health (SRH) is associated with the presence of chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examines whether subjective wellbeing and SRH predict long-term CVD conditions for women using the Midlife in the United States study. The study cohort includes 1716 women participants who completed waves 1 (1995-1996), 2 (2004-2006), and 3 (2013-2014). Data on demographics, chronic conditions of diabetes and CVD, subjective wellbeing (life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect), and SRH were collected repeatedly at each wave. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to test whether subjective wellbeing was associated with a lifetime CVD risk. Greater life satisfaction was significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD at 10 years (odds ratio (OR): 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.95) and 19 years (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74-0.93), while positive and negative affects were not significantly associated. Additionally, better physical SRH significantly lowered odds of having cardiovascular conditions at both 10 years (OR: 0.79; 95% CI 0.68-0.92) and 19 years (OR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.64-0.86). Measures of life satisfaction and SRH can be used as additional CVD screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Z Whyne
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Jihun Woo
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Haekyung Jeon-Slaughter
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75319, USA
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Spatz ES, Roy B, Riley C, Witters D, Herrin J. Association of Population Well-Being With Cardiovascular Outcomes. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2321740. [PMID: 37405774 PMCID: PMC10323707 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.21740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) varies across communities and is associated with known structural and population health factors. Still, a population's well-being, including sense of purpose, social relationships, financial security, and relationship to community, may be an important target to improve cardiovascular health. Objective To examine the association of population level measures of well-being with rates of CVD mortality in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study linked data from the Gallup National Health and Well-Being Index (WBI) survey to county-level rates of CVD mortality from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke. Participants were respondents of the WBI survey, which was conducted by Gallup with randomly selected adults aged 18 years or older from 2015 to 2017. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to May 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the county-level rate of total CVD mortality; secondary outcomes were mortality rates for stroke, heart failure, coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, and total heart disease. The association of population well-being (measured using a modified version of the WBI) with CVD mortality was assessed, and an analysis of whether the association was modified by county structural factors (Area Deprivation Index [ADI], income inequality, and urbanicity) and population health factors (percentages of the adult population who had hypertension, diabetes, or obesity; were currently smoking; and were physically inactive) was conducted. Population WBI and its ability to mediate the association of structural factors associated with CVD using structural equation models was also assessed. Results Well-being surveys were completed by 514 971 individuals (mean [SD] age 54.0 [19.2] years; 251 691 [48.9%] women; 379 521 [76.0%] White respondents) living in 3228 counties. Mortality rates for CVD decreased from a mean of 499.7 (range, 174.2-974.7) deaths per 100 000 persons in counties with the lowest quintile of population well-being to 438.6 (range, 110.1-850.4) deaths per 100 000 persons in counties with the highest quintile of population well-being. Secondary outcomes showed similar patterns. In the unadjusted model, the effect size (SE) of WBI on CVD mortality was -15.5 (1.5; P < .001), or a decrease of 15 deaths per 100 000 persons for each 1-point increase of population well-being. After adjusting for structural factors and structural plus population health factors, the association was attenuated but still significant, with an effect size (SE) of -7.3 (1.6; P < .001); for each 1-point increase in well-being, the total cardiovascular death rate decreased by 7.3 deaths per 100 000 persons. Secondary outcomes showed similar patterns, with mortality due to coronary heart disease and heart failure being significant in fully adjusted models. In mediation analyses, associations of income inequality and ADI with CVD mortality were all partly mediated by the modified population WBI. Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study assessing the association of well-being and cardiovascular outcomes, higher well-being, a measurable, modifiable, and meaningful outcome, was associated with lower CVD mortality, even after controlling for structural and cardiovascular-related population health factors, indicating that well-being may be a focus for advancing cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Spatz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale University/Yale New Haven Health Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Brita Roy
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Carley Riley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Dan Witters
- Gallup National Health and Well-Being Index, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jeph Herrin
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Hilty DM, Groshong LW, Coleman M, Maheu MM, Armstrong CM, Smout SA, Crawford A, Drude KP, Krupinski EA. Best Practices for Technology in Clinical Social Work and Mental Health Professions to Promote Well-being and Prevent Fatigue. CLINICAL SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL 2023; 51:1-35. [PMID: 37360756 PMCID: PMC10233199 DOI: 10.1007/s10615-023-00865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The shift to communication technologies during the pandemic has had positive and negative effects on clinical social worker practice. Best practices are identified for clinical social workers to maintain emotional well-being, prevent fatigue, and avoid burnout when using technology. A scoping review from 2000 to 21 of 15 databases focused on communication technologies for mental health care within four areas: (1) behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and physical impact; (2) individual, clinic, hospital, and system/organizational levels; (3) well-being, burnout, and stress; and (4) clinician technology perceptions. Out of 4795 potential literature references, full text review of 201 papers revealed 37 were related to technology impact on engagement, therapeutic alliance, fatigue and well-being. Studies assessed behavioral (67.5%), emotional (43.2%), cognitive (57.8%), and physical (10.8%) impact at the individual (78.4%), clinic (54.1%), hospital (37.8%) and system/organizational (45.9%) levels. Participants were clinicians, social workers, psychologists, and other providers. Clinicians can build a therapeutic alliance via video, but this requires additional skill, effort, and monitoring. Use of video and electronic health records were associated with clinician physical and emotional problems due to barriers, effort, cognitive demands, and additional workflow steps. Studies also found high user ratings on data quality, accuracy, and processing, but low satisfaction with clerical tasks, effort required and interruptions. Studies have overlooked the impact of justice, equity, diversity and inclusion related to technology, fatigue and well-being, for the populations served and the clinicians providing care. Clinical social workers and health care systems must evaluate the impact of technology in order to support well-being and prevent workload burden, fatigue, and burnout. Multi-level evaluation and clinical, human factor, training/professional development and administrative best practices are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M. Hilty
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, 2230 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | | | - Mirean Coleman
- National Association of Social Workers, Washington, DC USA
| | - Marlene M. Maheu
- Coalition for Technology in Behavioral Sciences, Telebehavioral Health Institute, Inc, 5173 Waring Road #124, San Diego, CA 92120 USA
| | - Christina M. Armstrong
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Connected Health Implementation Strategies, Office of Connected Care, Office of Health Informatics, U.S., 810 Vermont Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20420 USA
| | - Shelby A. Smout
- Virginia Commonwealth University, 3110 Kensington Ave Apt 3, Richmond, VA 23221 USA
| | - Allison Crawford
- Ontario Mental Health at CAMH, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Suicide Prevention Service, 1001 Queen St West, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
| | - Kenneth P. Drude
- Coalition Technology in Behavioral Science, 680 E. Dayton Yellow Springs Rd, Fairborn, OH 45324 USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Krupinski
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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11
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Miguel C, Amarnath A, Akhtar A, Malik A, Baranyi G, Barbui C, Karyotaki E, Cuijpers P. Universal, selective and indicated interventions for supporting mental health at the workplace: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:225-236. [PMID: 36828633 PMCID: PMC10086469 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The current umbrella review aimed to assess and summarise evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions for mental health at the workplace. This umbrella review forms one of the evidence reviews which were commissioned by the WHO to develop global guidelines on mental health at work. We conducted systematic searches in five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Global Medicus Index) and included meta-analyses of randomised trials examining psychosocial, physical activity and lifestyle interventions delivered to all general workers (universal interventions), at-risk workers (selective interventions) and workers already experiencing symptoms of mental disorders (indicated interventions). We included outcomes from seven domains: symptoms of mental health conditions, positive mental health, quality of life, work-related outcomes, substance use, suicide-related outcomes and potential adverse effects. We identified 16 meta-analyses producing 66 pooled effect sizes of the examined interventions, mostly on symptoms of mental health conditions (n=43 pooled effect sizes) (eg, burnout, insomnia, stress) and positive mental health (n=15) (eg, well-being). Most of the evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions was focused on psychosocial interventions, showing small to moderate effects across the various outcomes. Certainty levels according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) were low to very low in almost all of the examined outcomes. The results of existing meta-analyses are promising for the use of preventative and early treatment interventions in the workplace. However, the quality and certainty of the evidence were very modest, and further research on the effectiveness of these interventions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Miguel
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arpana Amarnath
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aemal Akhtar
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aiysha Malik
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gergő Baranyi
- Society and Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Corrado Barbui
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eirini Karyotaki
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Blodgett JM, Birch JM, Musella M, Harkness F, Kaushal A. What Works to Improve Wellbeing? A Rapid Systematic Review of 223 Interventions Evaluated with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scales. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15845. [PMID: 36497919 PMCID: PMC9737992 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) is a commonly used scale of mental wellbeing focusing entirely on the positive aspect of mental health. It has been widely used in a broad range of clinical and research settings, including to evaluate if interventions, programmes or pilots improve wellbeing. We aimed to systematically review all interventions that used WEMWBS and evaluate which interventions are the most effective at improving wellbeing. METHODS Eligible populations included children and adults, with no health or age restrictions. Any intervention study was eligible if the wellbeing outcome was measured using the 7 or 14-item WEMWBS scale assessed both pre- and post-intervention. We identified eligible intervention studies using three approaches: a database search (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PyschInfo and Web of Science from January 2007 to present), grey literature search, and by issuing a call for evidence. Narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analysis of standardised mean differences in the intervention group were used to summarise intervention effects on WEMWBS score. RESULTS We identified 223 interventions across 209 studies, with a total of 53,834 participants across all studies. Five main themes of interventions were synthesised: psychological (n = 80); social (n = 54); arts, culture and environment (n = 29); physical health promotion (n = 18); and other (n = 28). Psychological interventions based on resilience, wellbeing or self-management techniques had the strongest effect on wellbeing. A broad range of other interventions were effective at improving mental wellbeing, including other psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation and mindfulness. Medium to strong effects were also seen for person-centred support/advice (social), arts-based, parenting (social) and social prescribing interventions. However, a major limitation of the evidence was that only 75 (36%) of studies included a control group. CONCLUSIONS WEMWBS has been widely used to assess wellbeing across a diverse range of interventions, settings and samples. Despite substantial heterogeneity in individual intervention design, delivery and groups targeted, results indicate that a broad range of intervention types can successfully improve wellbeing. Methodological changes, such as greater use of control groups in intervention evaluation, can help future researchers and policy makers further understand what works for mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M. Blodgett
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Jack M. Birch
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Homerton College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PH, UK
| | | | | | - Aradhna Kaushal
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
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13
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Real world effectiveness of digital mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272162. [PMID: 35980879 PMCID: PMC9387818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented need for mental health services that can be remotely delivered. Digital mental health services that offer personalized care recommendations hold promise to efficiently expand service, but evidence of the effectiveness of digitally delivered mental health care in real-world settings remains limited.
Methods
A retrospective cohort of adults (N = 1,852) receiving care through a digital mental health platform with elevated depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic was analyzed to estimate changes in subjective well-being and clinical improvement in depressive symptoms (using the World Health Organization-Five [WHO-5] Well-Being Index), as well as compare the relative effectiveness and cost of different care utilization patterns.
Results
The average improvement in WHO-5 score was 10.1 points (CI: 9.3–10.9, p<0.001) at follow-up, which constituted a medium effect size (d = 0.73). The odds of clinical improvement in depressive symptoms were significantly greater among those who utilized telecoaching (aOR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.91–3.15, p < .001), teletherapy (aOR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.57–2.57, p < .001), and both services (aOR = 2.28, 95%CI: 1.67–3.11, p < .001) compared to those who only utilized assessments, adjusting for baseline WHO-5 score, age, sex, and number of days between baseline and follow-up assessments. The average estimated cost of care for telecoaching was $124 per individual, which was significantly less than teletherapy ($413) or both services ($559).
Conclusion
Digitally delivered care with a therapist and/or coach was effective in improving subjective well-being and clinical improvement in depressive symptoms. Although clinical outcomes were similar across utilization patterns, the cost of care was lowest among those utilizing telecoaching.
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Sagui-Henson SJ, Welcome Chamberlain CE, Smith BJ, Li EJ, Castro Sweet C, Altman M. Understanding Components of Therapeutic Alliance and Well-Being from Use of a Global Digital Mental Health Benefit During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Observational Study. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022; 7:439-450. [PMID: 35855977 PMCID: PMC9278317 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-022-00263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Digital mental health services leverage technology to increase access to care, yet less is known about the quality of therapeutic relationships in a virtual setting. This study examined components of therapeutic alliance (a mechanism underlying successful treatment) and its association with beneficial treatment outcomes in a real-world, virtual setting. The objective is to examine (1) participant ratings of components of therapeutic alliance with providers in a virtual setting, (2) changes in subjective well-being and depressive symptoms among participants who began care with elevated depressive symptoms, and (3) the association between components of alliance and changes in participants’ well-being. Adults (N = 3,087, M age = 36 ± 9 years, 54% female) across the world with access to digital mental health benefits who engaged in videoconference sessions with a licensed therapist (18%, 555/3,087), certified coach (65%, 2,003/3,087), or both (17%, 529/3,087) between Sept. 29, 2020 and Oct. 12, 21. Participants completed 2 adapted items from the Working Alliance Inventory (goals and bonds subscales) after each session, and ratings were averaged across visits (Cronbach’s ɑ = .72). Participants’ World Health Organization-Five (WHO-5) Well-Being Index scores at the start and end of the study period were used to measure changes in subjective well-being. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to examine average alliance ratings across demographics and utilization types and the association between alliance and well-being. The median adapted therapeutic alliance score was 4.8 (range: 1–5) and did not differ by age, country, or baseline well-being (Ps > .07). Females reported higher components of alliance than males (4.88 vs. 4.67, P = .01). Participants utilizing telecoaching reported higher components of alliance than those utilizing teletherapy or both telecoaching and teletherapy (4.83 v. 4.75, P = .004), though effect sizes were negligible. Among those with elevated baseline depressive symptoms (n = 835), participants reported an average WHO-5 increase of 15.42 points (95% CI 14.19–16.65, P < .001, Cohen d = 1.06) with 58% (485/835) reporting clinical recovery and 57% (481/835) reporting clinical improvement in depressive symptoms. Higher components of therapeutic alliance scores predicted greater well-being at follow-up (b = 2.04, 95% CI 0.09–3.99, P = .04) after controlling for age, sex, baseline WHO-5, and number of days in care (R2 = .06, P < .001). Exploratory analyses indicated this association did not differ by utilization type, baseline well-being, or session utilization (Ps > .34). People with access to one-on-one videoconferencing care via a digital mental health benefit formed a strong bond and sense of alignment on goals with both coaches and therapists. Higher components of alliance scores were associated with improvements in subjective well-being among participants who began care with elevated depressive symptoms, providing evidence that a positive bond and goal alignment with a provider are two of many factors influencing virtual care outcomes. Continued focus on the quality of therapeutic relationships will ensure digital mental health services are patient-tailored as these platforms expand equitable access to evidence-based care.
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Próchniak P. Profiles of Wellbeing in Soft and Hard Mountain Hikers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127429. [PMID: 35742678 PMCID: PMC9223626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the wellbeing profiles in a group of Polish mountain hikers. The study involved 242 young people (M = 23.50; SD = 4.40) who completed various wellbeing scales: The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Time Satisfaction Scale (TSS), Hope Scale, General Self-Efficiency Scale, Ego Resiliency Scale, Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), and Adventure-Seeking Behavior Scale. Cluster analyses revealed two types of mountain hikers: hard adventure hikers and soft adventure hikers, with different profiles of subjective wellbeing. Hard adventure hikers most often revealed high levels of life satisfaction, control of life, meaning of life, and positive emotions, along with low levels of negative emotions. Moreover, these hikers revealed high levels of satisfaction in various time perspectives (past, present, and future) and a high level of psychological capital. On the other hand, soft adventure hikers most often revealed an average level of satisfaction with life, control of life, and positive emotions, average satisfaction in the past and present time perspective, and average levels of psychological capital. Soft adventure hikers also revealed higher levels of negative emotions and satisfaction in the future time perspective. The present research indicated that mountain hikers are not a homogenous group. The profiles of wellbeing in the hikers varied depending on the type of stimulating behavior in a natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Próchniak
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Dinesh TK, Shetty A, Dhyani VS, T S S, Dsouza KJ. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on well-being and work-related stress in the financial sector: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2022; 11:79. [PMID: 35477582 PMCID: PMC9047319 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-01956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related stress is a common phenomenon, often noticed in the employees of the finance sector. It mirrors counter effects on the wellness of employees, their mental well-being, and physical health. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) raise awareness and attention to the present moment experiences by adopting coping skills. It is necessary to promote employee well-being and reduce work-related stress; hence, the need arises to associate between the level of mindfulness, employee well-being, and work-related stress. A systematic review on the effectiveness of MBIs in the finance sector is necessary to facilitate evidence for the future utility to reduce work-related stress and promote employee well-being. METHODS In this review, randomized controlled trials, non-randomized control trials, cohort, and cross-sectional and case-control studies that assess the effectiveness of MBIs on the employees in the finance sector will be considered. We propose to perform a literature search which will be conducted from the years 2000 to 2021 on CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search terms will include controlled and accessible terms such as mindfulness-based interventions, mindfulness training, workplace, employees, workers, well-being, employee wellness, occupational health, and finance sector. The outcomes will include the effect on employee well-being and reduction in work-related stress. Two researchers will independently conduct the screening and data extraction and assess the risk of bias. Based on the availability of data, a meta-analysis will also be performed. This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis-Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. "Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews" will be used to assess the quality of this review. DISCUSSION The review attempts to methodically analyse the effectiveness of MBIs among finance sector employees. It will foster to facilitate a detailed description and evidence-based overview of the effectiveness of MBIs on improving work-related stress, mindful awareness, and employee wellness and well-being in employees in the finance sector. The current study will provide an evidence base to researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the selection of mindfulness-based therapies for employees in the finance sector. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021249782.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tantri Keerthi Dinesh
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankitha Shetty
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Vijay Shree Dhyani
- Public Health Evidence South Asia (PHESA), Prasanna School of Public Health (PSPH), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shwetha T S
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Jenifer Dsouza
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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17
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Hilty DM, Armstrong CM, Smout SA, Crawford A, Maheu MM, Drude KP, Chan S, Yellowlees PM, Krupinski EA. PROVIDER TECHNOLOGY, FATIGUE AND WELL-BEING: A SCOPING REVIEW (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2021; 24:e34451. [PMID: 35612880 PMCID: PMC9178447 DOI: 10.2196/34451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Video and other technologies are reshaping the delivery of health care, yet barriers related to workflow and possible provider fatigue suggest that a thorough evaluation is needed for quality and process improvement. Objective This scoping review explored the relationship among technology, fatigue, and health care to improve the conditions for providers. Methods A 6-stage scoping review of literature (from 10 databases) published from 2000 to 2020 that focused on technology, health care, and fatigue was conducted. Technologies included synchronous video, telephone, informatics systems, asynchronous wearable sensors, and mobile health devices for health care in 4 concept areas related to provider experience: behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and physical impact; workplace at the individual, clinic, hospital, and system or organizational levels; well-being, burnout, and stress; and perceptions regarding technology. Qualitative content, discourse, and framework analyses were used to thematically analyze data for developing a spectrum of health to risk of fatigue to manifestations of burnout. Results Of the 4221 potential literature references, 202 (4.79%) were duplicates, and our review of the titles and abstracts of 4019 (95.21%) found that 3837 (90.9%) were irrelevant. A full-text review of 182 studies revealed that 12 (6.6%) studies met all the criteria related to technology, health care, and fatigue, and these studied the behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and physical impact of workflow at the individual, hospital, and system or organizational levels. Video and electronic health record use has been associated with physical eye fatigue; neck pain; stress; tiredness; and behavioral impacts related to additional effort owing to barriers, trouble with engagement, emotional wear and tear and exhaustion, cognitive inattention, effort, expecting problems, multitasking and workload, and emotional experiences (eg, anger, irritability, stress, and concern about well-being). An additional 14 studies that evaluated behavioral, emotional, and cognitive impacts without focusing on fatigue found high user ratings on data quality, accuracy, and processing but low satisfaction with clerical tasks, the effort required in work, and interruptions costing time, resulting in more errors, stress, and frustration. Our qualitative analysis suggests a spectrum from health to risk and provides an outline of organizational approaches to human factors and technology in health care. Business, occupational health, human factors, and well-being literature have not studied technology fatigue and burnout; however, their findings help contextualize technology-based fatigue to suggest guidelines. Few studies were found to contextually evaluate differences according to health professions and practice contexts. Conclusions Health care systems need to evaluate the impact of technology in accordance with the Quadruple Aim to support providers’ well-being and prevent workload burden, fatigue, and burnout. Implementation and effectiveness approaches and a multilevel approach with objective measures for clinical, human factors, training, professional development, and administrative workflow are suggested. This requires institutional strategies and competencies to integrate health care quality, technology and well-being outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Hilty
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Northern California Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Christina M Armstrong
- Office of Connected Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shelby A Smout
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Allison Crawford
- Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes, Ontario Mental Health at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Virtual Mental Health, and Canada Suicide Prevention Service, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marlene M Maheu
- Telebehavioral Health Institute, LLC and Coalition for Technology in Behavioral Science, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kenneth P Drude
- Coalition for Technology in Behavioral Science & Ohio Board of Psychology, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Steven Chan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine & Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Peter M Yellowlees
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Krupinski
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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18
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Toyoshima K, Ichiki M, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community. Biopsychosoc Med 2021; 15:15. [PMID: 34600577 PMCID: PMC8487485 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-021-00218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, the roles of rumination, subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), and presenteeism have been emphasized in occupational mental health. However, associations between rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being are not fully understood. We hypothesized that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations between rumination and subjective well-being (SWB) and subjective ill-being (SIB). Hence, we investigated the mediating roles of SCI and presenteeism in this study. Methods A total of 458 adult workers (mean age, 40.8±11.9 years; 44.1% male), who were recruited in Tokyo using convenience sampling, were analyzed in this study. The Ruminative Responses Scale, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, Work Limitations Questionnaire 8, and Subjective Well-being Inventory were used to evaluate rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being (SWB and SIB), respectively. Path analyses were performed to evaluate the relations between these parameters. Results The path analysis indicated that rumination, SCI, and presenteeism were directly and negatively associated with SWB and SIB. Regarding indirect effects, rumination was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via SCI, presenteeism, and both SCI and presenteeism. Furthermore, SCI was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via presenteeism. Conclusions The results suggest that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with SWB and SIB in Japanese adult workers. To address the psychological well-being associated with rumination, evaluating SCI and presenteeism simultaneously may be useful in occupational mental health. This study provides key insights into the development of comprehensive intervention strategy based on the biopsychosocial perspective for worker’s psychological well-being. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13030-021-00218-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Ichiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163, Tate-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Battulga B, Benjamin MR, Chen H, Bat-Enkh E. The Impact of Social Support and Pregnancy on Subjective Well-Being: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:710858. [PMID: 34566789 PMCID: PMC8459714 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.710858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Subjective well-being (SWB) has a protective role in mental health maintenance and is prone to change during short stressful moments, such as pregnancy. Longstanding research suggests that social support (SS) from the partner and family members of pregnant women directly or indirectly acts as a buffer against negative mental outcomes. For happier pregnancies, it is important to understand how SS and pregnancy affect the SWB. Objective: This review aims to examine the extended association of being pregnant and SS on the SWB of pregnant women. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Articles published in peer-reviewed journals were included regardless of the year and if they had assessed the impact of at least one SWB or SS outcome among healthy pregnant women. The tools of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute were used for quality assessment. Results: Thirty-four studies that assessed the domains of SWB measurements, such as happiness, quality of life (QoL), life satisfaction, positive and negative effects, and well-being, were included and its association with either pregnancy or SS was summarized. Variable results, such as life satisfaction, happiness, and mental component of QoL, were found to be high during pregnancy, but positive emotion and physical components of QoL had decreased. Almost universally, SS during pregnancy was found to have a positive association with all measurements of SWB. Conclusion: This study had found that, despite some arising trends, pregnancy itself does not necessarily have similar impacts on SWB across healthy pregnant women. However, SS had a significant effect on SWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyantungalag Battulga
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Mongolian University of Life Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Hong Chen
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enkhmandakh Bat-Enkh
- School of Politics and Public Administration, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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de Diego-Cordero R, Zurrón Pérez MP, Vargas-Martínez AM, Lucchetti G, Vega-Escaño J. The effectiveness of spiritual interventions in the workplace for work-related health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:1703-1712. [PMID: 33772925 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effectiveness of spiritual interventions in the workplace for different health outcomes through the use of a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BACKGROUND Most studies including spirituality in the workplace investigated it at the organisational/business level, while giving a secondary value to the well-being and quality of life of the workers. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis carried out on the following databases: SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of Science. Spiritual interventions investigating work-related health outcomes were included. Then, meta-analyses were conducted. RESULTS From a total of 2,832 studies, 7 articles were included in the systematic review and 6 in the meta-analysis. Spiritual interventions, as compared to controls, improved the health outcomes of the workers (standard mean difference (SMD), -1.42; 95% CI, -1.98, -0.86; p < .001; I2 = 96%). Subanalyses revealed that yoga was an effective intervention and that stress was reduced by these interventions. CONCLUSION Spiritual interventions in the workplace seem to be effective in improving workers' health. Nevertheless, the high heterogeneity and limited number of studies may hinder more robust conclusions at the moment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The use of spiritual interventions should be considered in workplaces in order to reduce the stress and other negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mª Paz Zurrón Pérez
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan Vega-Escaño
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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