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Jiang Y, Neal J, Sompol P, Yener G, Arakaki X, Norris CM, Farina FR, Ibanez A, Lopez S, Al-Ezzi A, Kavcic V, Güntekin B, Babiloni C, Hajós M. Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID-19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39206795 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting "brain fog" and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting-state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present compelling evidence that cognitive deficits due to COVID-19 and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are driven by overlapping pathologies and neurophysiological abnormalities. EEG abnormalities seen in COVID-19 patients resemble those observed in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly ADRD. It is proposed that similar EEG abnormalities in Long COVID and ADRD are due to parallel neuroinflammation, astrocyte reactivity, hypoxia, and neurovascular injury. These neurophysiological abnormalities underpinning cognitive decline in COVID-19 can be detected by routine EEG exams. Future research will explore the value of EEG monitoring of COVID-19 patients for predicting long-term outcomes and monitoring efficacy of therapeutic interventions. HIGHLIGHTS: Abnormal intrinsic electrophysiological brain activity, such as slowing of EEG, reduced alpha wave, and epileptiform are characteristic findings in COVID-19 patients. EEG abnormalities have the potential as neural biomarkers to identify neurological complications at the early stage of the disease, to assist clinical assessment, and to assess cognitive decline risk in Long COVID patients. Similar slowing of intrinsic brain activity to that of COVID-19 patients is typically seen in patients with mild cognitive impairments, ADRD. Evidence presented supports the idea that cognitive deficits in Long COVID and ADRD are driven by overlapping neurophysiological abnormalities resulting, at least in part, from neuroinflammatory mechanisms and astrocyte reactivity. Identifying common biological mechanisms in Long COVID-19 and ADRD can highlight critical pathologies underlying brain disorders and cognitive decline. It elucidates research questions regarding cognitive EEG and mild cognitive impairment in Long COVID that have not yet been adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- Aging Brain and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jennifer Neal
- Aging Brain and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pradoldej Sompol
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Görsev Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Neurology, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
- IBG: International Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Christopher M Norris
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Agustin Ibanez
- BrainLat: Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- GBHI: Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer,", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Abdulhakim Al-Ezzi
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Voyko Kavcic
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Bahar Güntekin
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer,", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Frosinone, Italy
| | - Mihály Hajós
- Cognito Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Zhang W, Zhang J, He T, Hu H, Hinshaw S, Lin X. Dynamic patterns of COVID stress syndrome among university students during an outbreak: a time-series network analysis. Psychol Health 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39188086 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2395854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessing the progression of COVID stress syndrome (CSS) and understanding how cognitive and emotional factors play a role in the dynamic system is critical for prevention and intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the dynamic relationship between self-reported COVID stress syndrome, cognitive factors, and emotional factors through time-series network analysis. METHODS AND MEASURES Participants were 188 university students involved in an experience sampling method study that lasted 14 days, three times a day, during the COVID-19 pandemic period following a shift in pandemic prevention and control policy. RESULTS CSS symptoms are usually present simultaneously, and xenophobia is the most central node of the network. There is a complex mutual predictive relationship between CSS symptoms, in which traumatic stress symptoms are crucial in developing and maintaining the CSS symptom network. Negative affect was associated with CSS symptoms at the same time, and subjective health cognition was a significant predictor of CSS symptoms the next time. CONCLUSIONS Traumatic stress symptoms are essential nodes in the CSS symptom network, and negative emotions and subjective health influence the occurrence and development of CSS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Students' Mental Health Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting He
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huinan Hu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Stephen Hinshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Bucaktepe PGE, Akgül F, Çelİk SB. Evaluation of the effects of pandemic-related fears on anxiety and depression: the mediating roles of traumatic stress and loneliness. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:388. [PMID: 38997784 PMCID: PMC11241983 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01880-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detrimental mental health effects which emerged from COVID-19 have profoundly affected healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of traumatic stress and loneliness on the fears of contracting and dying from COVID-19, and anxiety and depression of HCWs during the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was completed by HCWs in a province of Turkey. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Impact of Events Scale-Revised and numerical rating scales (for fears of COVID-19 and loneliness) were used and a bootstrap approach was used in the analyses with SPSS PROCESS macro software. RESULTS Of the HCWs evaluated, 150 (34.4%) were doctors, with a mean duration of work experience of 10.6 ± 7.5 years. The results indicated that fear of contracting COVID-19 was directly related to anxiety (β = 0.244, p < 0.001) and depression (β = 0.135, p < 0.01) and that traumatic stress and loneliness mediated the relationships between the fear of contracting COVID-19 and anxiety (β = 0.435, p < 0.001; β = 0.235, p < 0.001, respectively) and depression (β = 0.365, p < 0.001; β = 0.294, p < 0.001, respectively). The fear of dying from COVID-19 was determined to be directly associated with anxiety (β = 0.190, p < 0.001) but not with depression (β = 0.066, p = 0.116), and traumatic stress and loneliness mediated the relationships between the fear of dying from COVID-19 and anxiety (β = 0.476, p < 0.001; β = 0.259, p < 0.001, respectively) and depression (β = 0.400, p < 0.001; β = 0.311, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The study results demonstrated the important roles of traumatic stress and loneliness in exacerbating the negative consequences of fears of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression, and provide insights for identifying HCWs at greater risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fethiye Akgül
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Batman Training and Research Hospital, Batman, Turkey
| | - Sercan Bulut Çelİk
- Batman GAP Family Health Center, Provincial Health Directorate, Batman, Turkey
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Radulovic D, Masic S, Stanisavljevic D, Bokonjic D, Radevic S, Rajovic N, Milić NV, Simic Vukomanovic I, Mijovic B, Vukovic M, Dubravac Tanaskovic M, Jojic M, Vladicic Masic J, Spaic D, Milic NM. A Complex Relationship between Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression among General Population during Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3874. [PMID: 38999440 PMCID: PMC11242713 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy and public health, disrupting various aspects of daily life. Apart from its direct effects on physical health, it has also significantly affected the overall quality of life and mental health. This study employed a path analysis to explore the complex association among multiple factors associated with quality of life, anxiety, and depression in the general population of the Republic of Srpska during the pandemic's second year. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a nationally representative sample (n = 1382) of the general population (adults aged 20+) during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. Assessment tools included the DASS-21 scale for depression, anxiety, and stress, along with the Brief COPE scale, Quality of Life Scale (QOLS), and Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3). Sociodemographic factors and comorbidities were also assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the direct and indirect links of various characteristics to quality of life, anxiety, and depression. Results: This study revealed a considerable prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms (27.5% and 20.9%, respectively), with quality of life playing a significant mediating role. The constructed path model accounted for 33.1% of moderate to severe depression and 79.5% of anxiety. Negative coping was directly linked to anxiety and indirectly to depression via anxiety, while the absence of positive coping had both direct and indirect paths (through quality of life) on depression. Among variables that directly affected depression, anxiety had the highest effect. However, the bidirectional paths between anxiety and depression were also suggested by the model. Conclusions: Pandemic response strategies should be modified to effectively reduce the adverse effects on public mental health. Further research is necessary to assess the long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health and to analyze the contributing factors of anxiety and depression in the post-COVID period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Radulovic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Srdjan Masic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dejana Stanisavljevic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Bokonjic
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Svetlana Radevic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nina Rajovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola V. Milić
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Simic Vukomanovic
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Mijovic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Maja Vukovic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Milena Dubravac Tanaskovic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirka Jojic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jelena Vladicic Masic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragan Spaic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Natasa M. Milic
- Department of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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5
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Pan Q, Fu W, Zhang Y. Exploring the relationship between coping styles and well-being among Chinese university students: A longitudinal study based on the transactional stress model. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38622051 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, university students were exposed to increased stress, which significantly affected their well-being. This study examines the coping mechanisms employed by Chinese university students during this crisis, with a particular focus on the potential protective role of coping flexibility in maintaining their well-being. Using the transactional stress model and the dual-process theory of coping flexibility, this longitudinal study analyzed the responses of 206 Chinese university students at three measurement points in late 2022. The findings suggest that disruptions in daily life during the pandemic likely led students to engage in problematic internet use as a coping strategy, which subsequently led to reduced well-being. However, the study also shows that coping flexibility plays a crucial protective role in maintaining students' well-being. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing coping flexibility among university students, especially in the evolving post-pandemic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Pan
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Singapore
| | - Wangqian Fu
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Abu-Lubad MA, Abu-Helalah MA, QawaQzeh MS, Alahmad EF, Al-Tamimi MM, Ruba'I MK, Etoom SH, Alfayoumi RK, Aldaoudeyeh FE, AlAbabneh EA, Al-Kharabsheh AM, Alshraideh H. Impact of COVID-19 infections and vaccination on menstrual cycle symptoms in the south of Jordan: a cross-sectional study. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2024; 99:8. [PMID: 38594493 PMCID: PMC11004099 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-024-00153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent studies have highlighted the need for more evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 infections and vaccines on the reproductive system and menstruation. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccines on menstrual symptoms. METHODS A cross-sectional survey utilizing face-to-face interviews from January 1 to 31 March 2022 was conducted in the city of Al-Karak in southern Jordan. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics, medical and reproductive history, the contraceptive method used if any, menstrual cycle (MC) status, previous medical and drug history, and the impact of infection and vaccination on the MC. RESULTS The study questionnaire was completed by 400 participants with a mean age of 32.1±12.6 years. Regarding the history of COVID-19 infections, 33.8% of the participants reported a history of confirmed COVID-19 infections, 77.8% of them did not report any menstrual changes following the infection, while the remaining 22.2% reported changes in menstruation. The most commonly reported post-COVID-19 manifestations were irregular (27.6%) and light menstrual cycle (MC) (24.15) or dysmenorrhea (24.1%). Heavy menstruation was reported by 17.2% of participants post-COVID-19 infection. Two-thirds of the study participants (66.6%) reported no changes in the MC following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. The most reported symptoms for those who experienced changes in the MC following the vaccination were irregular cycle (13.1%), heavy menstruation (7%), and light menstruation (7%). Other reported symptoms were dysmenorrhea (4.6%), intermenstrual bleeding (1.2%), and amenorrhea (0.5%). CONCLUSION This study revealed minor changes in the MC following COVID-19 infections and administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. These findings are consistent with published reports. It is recommended that future clinical trials for new vaccines for women of childbearing age include outcomes related to sex hormones and MC. Women should be encouraged to take the vaccines and report symptoms to healthcare professionals for further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Abu-Lubad
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7 Mutah, Al-Karak, 61710, Jordan.
| | - Munir A Abu-Helalah
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Public Health Institute, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Esra'a F Alahmad
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Malak M Al-Tamimi
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Mohammad K Ruba'I
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Sahm H Etoom
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Rawan K Alfayoumi
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | | | - Ekram A AlAbabneh
- Medical Students at Mutah University, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Ahlam M Al-Kharabsheh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Hussam Alshraideh
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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7
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Ishii S, Jung H, Akishita M, Kawamura A. Prevalence and associated factors of work impairment among geriatricians during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:215-220. [PMID: 38131637 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated work impairment and its associated factors among geriatricians during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out using an anonymous online survey questionnaire administered to members of the Japanese Geriatric Society between October and December 2022. The questionnaire included questions regarding psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale) and work impairment (Work Functioning Impairment Scale). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the factors associated with work impairment. Causal mediation analyses were performed to delineate the relationship between work impairment, psychological distress and fear of COVID-19. RESULTS The analytic sample included 386 geriatricians, and work impairment was observed in 24.8% of them. Work impairment was associated with age, prefecture where the institution was located and fear of COVID-19. Mediation analysis showed that the effect of fear of COVID-19 on work impairment was almost completely mediated by psychological distress. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, work impairment was commonly observed among geriatricians. We found that fear of COVID-19 might cause work impairment; however, this effect was exerted entirely through psychological distress. This implies that interventions to prevent or reduce work impairment among doctors should mainly target psychological distress; however, the fear of COVID-19, if it causes psychological distress, should also be addressed. Managers of hospitals and long-term care facilities must take steps to protect healthcare workers' mental well-being and maintain work productivity. Therefore, understanding the factors related to work impairment might help them devise effective measures. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 215-220.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ishii
- Department of Medicine for Integrated Approach to Social Inclusion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Hungu Jung
- Department of Medicine for Integrated Approach to Social Inclusion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kawamura
- Department of Medicine for Integrated Approach to Social Inclusion, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
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Kusi Amponsah A, Boateng EA, Armah J, Dompim JK, Gyamfi D, Lomotey A, Annobil FA, Amankrah AE, Youshah RA, Beauty EU, Diji F, Bam V. The psychosocial experiences of pregnant women in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective qualitative study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299219. [PMID: 38416742 PMCID: PMC10901345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women are among the most vulnerable and suffer the most during pandemics, according to earlier studies. Pregnant women had to seek healthcare for both themselves and their unborn child(ren) in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was unprecedented. Pregnant women's psychosocial experiences during pandemics are crucial since they both directly and indirectly affect the course of pregnancy and childbirth. The study therefore sought to explore the psychosocial experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this retrospective qualitative study, 15 nursing mothers who were attending a postnatal clinic at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) hospital in Ghana were recruited. Individual interviews were conducted with mothers who were pregnant between March and December 2020. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and inductively analysed into themes. RESULTS Nursing mothers were aged 25-30 years and had infants ranging from 5 months to 15 months. Thirteen (13) were married and two were single. Two (2) major themes and five (5) subthemes emerged from the study. The unpleasant feelings connected to the potential for contracting COVID-19 and experiencing stress were described by the theme, "Fear and Stress". Participants' social experiences (support from significant others), alterations in daily routine and the economic impact because of the pandemic were presented as the "Socioeconomic impact". CONCLUSION Pregnant women go through several challenges during pregnancy such as perceived stress and anxiety. These are likely to heighten during a pandemic, as presented in the study. They therefore need emotional and psychosocial support in such uncertain times to improve outcomes of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Kusi Amponsah
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Nursing Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Edward Appiah Boateng
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jerry Armah
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joana Kyei Dompim
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Douglas Gyamfi
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alberta Lomotey
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Faithful Adwoa Annobil
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Amena Ekua Amankrah
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Rifka Abdallah Youshah
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Elizabeth Uzoka Beauty
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Francis Diji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
- St. Martins Catholic Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Victoria Bam
- Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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9
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Kivelä L, Mouthaan J, van der Does W, Antypa N. Student mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Are international students more affected? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:414-422. [PMID: 35157564 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2037616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: The psychological well-being of students may be especially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; international students can lack local support systems and represent a higher risk subgroup. Methods: Self-reported depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia, alcohol use, academic stress, and loneliness were examined in two cohorts of university students (March 2020 n = 207, March 2021 n = 142). We investigated differences i) between 2020 and 2021, ii) between domestic and international students, and ii) whether differences between the two cohorts were moderated by student status. Results: More depressive symptoms, academic stress, and loneliness were reported in 2021. International students reported more depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety, PTSD, academic stress, and loneliness. The main effect of cohort was not moderated by student status. Conclusions: International students had worse mental health outcomes overall, but were not affected more by the COVID-19 pandemic than domestic students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liia Kivelä
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Mouthaan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van der Does
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Niki Antypa
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Chamarro A, Díaz-Moreno A, Bonilla I, Cladellas R, Griffiths MD, Gómez-Romero MJ, Limonero JT. Stress and suicide risk among adolescents: the role of problematic internet use, gaming disorder and emotional regulation. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:326. [PMID: 38291407 PMCID: PMC10826210 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have associated videogame playing and social media use with suicidal behaviors together with lower stress coping or poor emotion regulation strategies. Due to the inconclusive evidence regarding the factors associated with suicidal behavior, the present study aimed to overcome the limitations of previous research and explored the relationship between adolescent stress, problematic internet use (PIU), gaming disorder (GD), and emotional regulation (ER) in a cross-section design. It was hypothesized that stress would have a direct effect on suicide risk (SR) as well as being mediated by PIU, GD, and ER. METHODS The participants comprised 430 adolescents (58.4% male) aged between 16 and 19 years. They completed an online survey including the Mobile-Related Experiences Questionnaire, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, Meta-Mood Trait Repair Scale, and Spanish version of the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 34.2% of the adolescents (N = 147) were at risk for SR. Results also indicated that 30,7% had experienced suicidal ideation at some point in their life, 12.1% had at least one plan to die by suicide, and 5.1% had attempted suicide. Results of path analysis confirmed that stress appeared to be a risk factor for suicide, but that its effects were not mediated by PIU. However, ER and GD mediated the effect of stress on SR. The results suggest that stress is a main risk factor for suicide, especially among adolescents with poor emotional regulation or problematic gaming. CONCLUSIONS Considering the prevalence of suicide among adolescents, the results of the present study suggest that suicide prevention programs should include emotional regulation strategies, stress coping, and videogaming management skills in the early stages of high school. Providing these protective resources to adolescents will help them face the stressful and changing situations typical of adolescence and will help them to attain greater well-being and satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Chamarro
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Díaz-Moreno
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Bonilla
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Cladellas
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, England
| | - Maria José Gómez-Romero
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
- Psychology Unit, Egarsat, Mutua Colaboradora con la Seguridad Social nº 276, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín T Limonero
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.
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Delafontaine A, Saiydoun G, Vallée M, Fabeck L, Sarhan FR, Rulleau T, Gautier S, Pinsault N. Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the education and mental health of physiotherapy students in France: a descriptive cross-sectional study with national online survey. J Rehabil Med 2024; 56:jrm18463. [PMID: 38197514 PMCID: PMC10795691 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.18463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdowns on the mental health status, training, perceptions of the physiotherapy profession, and career plans of French physiotherapy students. DESIGN A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, representing the first and only survey of its kind, using a national online survey. SUBJECTS A total of 2678 French physiotherapy students participated in the study. METHODS Mental health status was assessed using the validated French versions of established depression, anxiety, and insomnia scales. RESULTS The survey revealed that female sex, age below 21 years, living alone, and having a psychiatric history or COVID-19 risk factors were associated with more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia in the surveyed students. In addition, stress, anxiety, and depression induced by the COVID-19 crisis were linked to apprehension about continuing practical training in physiotherapy. These factors also affected students' perceptions of the profession and the initially envisioned mode of practice, particularly among fifth-year students (odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = (1.69, 2.99), p < 0.001). Notably, the pandemic significantly reduced the desire of these students to pursue a career as physiotherapists (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.41 (1.06, 1.86)). CONCLUSION French physiotherapy students, especially those in their fifth year, have experienced significant impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting their mental health, education, perceptions of the physiotherapy profession, and career plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Delafontaine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Free of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium; CIAMS, Univ. Paris-Sud., University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; Department of Research and International, ASSAS Rehabilitation School, Paris, France.
| | - Gabriel Saiydoun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Pitié Salpetrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, APHP, Paris, France; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Créteil, France; Mondor Biomédical Research Institute, IMRB, Inserm U955, Creteil Faculty of Health, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Maxime Vallée
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; University of Poitiers, INSERM U1070, "Pharmacologie des Anti-Infectieux", UFR Médecine-Pharmacie, Pôle Biologie Santé, Bâtiment B36 TSA 51106, Poitiers, France
| | - Laurent Fabeck
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Free of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François-Régis Sarhan
- Physiotherapy School (IFMK), University Hospital Amiens - Picardie, Amiens, France; UR 7516 CHIMERE, University Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Thomas Rulleau
- University of Nantes, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvain Gautier
- University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018 CESP, «centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, Equipe Soins primaires et prévention», Villejuif, France; Department of Epidemiology and Public health, AP-HP, GHU Paris Saclay, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France
| | - Nicolas Pinsault
- TIMC-IMAG UMR CNRS 5525, ThEMAS Team, University of Grenoble Alpes, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France; French National Council of Physiotherapy (CNOMK), Paris, France
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12
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González-Nuevo C, Postigo Á, González-Menéndez A, Alonso-Pérez F, Cuesta M, González-Pando D. Professional quality of life and fear of COVID-19 among Spanish nurses: A longitudinal repeated cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:357-367. [PMID: 36919674 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate changes in compassion fatigue (CF), burnout (BO), compassion satisfaction (CS) and fear of COVID-19 among Spanish nurses by comparing two assessment points: before and after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a great impact in healthcare worker's professional quality of life, especially among nurses. CF, BO and fear of COVID-19 decisively affect the care provided by nurses and put them at risk for mental health problems, so longitudinal studies are essential. DESIGN A repeated cross-sectional design was carried out with a time-lapse of 12 months. METHODS A total of 439 registered nurses in December 2020 and 410 in December 2021 participated in this study through an online survey. Data were collected using the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Occupational and sociodemographic variables were also analysed. This article adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of observational studies. RESULTS The fear of COVID-19 has not been reduced among nurses. The levels of BO remain stable and continue to be high in half of the professionals. CF has been reduced with a small effect size (d = 0.30), while CS has also decreased (d = 0.30). Positive correlations were found in both assessment points between fear of COVID-19 and BO (r = .44, p ≤ .001; r = .41, p ≤ .001) and also between fear of COVID and CF (r = .57, p ≤ .001; r = .50, p ≤ .001). Negative correlations between fear and CS were also found (r = - .16, p = .001; r = - .22, p ≤ .001). RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Programmes to reduce fear of COVID-19, BO and CF are needed to improve mental health and to prevent psychological distress among nurses, as well as to increase CS and preserve the productivity and quality of nursing care. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The nurses collaborated by participating in the present study anonymously and disinterestedly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Álvaro Postigo
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Alonso-Pérez
- Faculty of Nursing of Gijón, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - David González-Pando
- Faculty of Nursing of Gijón, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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13
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Abbasi S, Maleki M, Imanipour M, Mardani A. Nursing students' experiences of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2024; 21:ijnes-2023-0094. [PMID: 38407250 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2023-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, the sudden transition to virtual learning led to several challenges for nursing students. This study aimed to synthesis nursing students' experiences of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONTENT A meta-synthesis of qualitative articles were conducted. Three online databases were searched from December 2019 to December 2022. Qualitative studies and qualitative sections of mixed method studies were included. SUMMARY Twenty-four qualitative studies and seven mixed-method studies were included in the review. The findings consisted of one main theme "educational transformation", and three categories "challenging face-to-face clinical training", "transition from face-to-face to virtual education", and "support continua". The evidence indicated that during this health-related crisis, most of the training was provided as distance learning in various forms. According to the findings, distance education alone cannot replace face-to-face education and is suggested to be considered as a supplementary learning method. OUTLOOK This study provides a comprehensive understanding of nursing students' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering practical implications for educators and institutions globally. The lessons learned can inform strategic decisions, policies, and practices to enhance the resilience and adaptability of nursing education in the face of unforeseen challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Abbasi
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Maleki
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Imanipour
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Mardani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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14
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Reuter PR. The Impact of COVID-Related Restrictions on the Mental Health of Students. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1458:35-50. [PMID: 39102188 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61943-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The first stage of the COVID pandemic in spring and early summer of 2020 was shaped by restrictions due to the so-called flattening-the-curve approach. Students globally were impacted when public and private colleges and universities were forced to either shut down temporarily or transition to remote learning. Studies from around the world found increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. Female students often reported being more affected than male students. Suicide rates, however, did not increase. The second stage, starting in late summer 2020, saw the highest case numbers but also a slow and mostly partial return to normal life enabled by vaccination efforts and policy decisions. The mental health of students in most countries recovered well, even when they had to go through repeated or continued lockdowns or restrictions. Although it cannot be predicted what portion of students will be affected by mental health issues in ten or twenty years, it is certain that there will be long-term mental health consequences for many. It is also uncertain which approach, "living with COVID" or "zero COVID," will show less impact on the mental health of students' long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Reuter
- Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA.
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15
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Xinjie D, Runlian H, Ahmed O, Cho E, Chung S. Mediating Role of Viral Anxiety and Insomnia in Relationship Between Work-Related Stress and Depression Among Cold Chain Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e338. [PMID: 37935165 PMCID: PMC10627729 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here we investigated whether cold chain workers' insomnia, work-related stress, and viral anxiety contributed to their depression. Furthermore, we investigated the role of viral anxiety in mediating the association between work-related stress and depressive symptoms. METHODS All 200 invited cold chain workers voluntarily responded to an online survey. All were working at a market in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China, and responsible for testing nucleic acids in imported cold chain foods and disinfecting outer packaging at government request. We collected their demographic variables and rated their symptoms using the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items (SAVE-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS). RESULTS Cold chain workers' depression was significantly correlated with higher SAVE-6 (r = 0.450, P < 0.01), ISI (r = 0.603, P < 0.01), MBI-GS (r = 0.481, P < 0.01), and PSS (r = 0.390, P < 0.01) scores. SAVE-6 score was significantly correlated with ISI (r = 0.462, P < 0.01), MBI-GS (r = 0.305, P < 0.01), and PSS (r = 0.268, P < 0.01) scores. Linear regression revealed that their depression was predicted by SAVE-6 (β = 0.183, P = 0.003), ISI (β = 0.409, P < 0.001), and MBI-GS (β = 0.236, P = 0.002, adjusted R² = 0.440, F = 40.04, P < 0.001) scores. Mediation analysis showed that their burnout directly influenced their depression, while viral anxiety or insomnia severity mediated the influence of burnout on depression. CONCLUSION The study showed that burnout was a direct cause of depression and that viral anxiety and insomnia severity mediated the relationship between burnout and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Xinjie
- College of Health, Yuncheng Vocational and Technical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi, China
| | - He Runlian
- Department of Nursing, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Eulah Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Calleja-Núñez JJ, Granero-Gallegos A, Espinoza-Gutiérrez R, Baños R. Mediating effect of social interaction anxiety between emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in physical education students: post-COVID-19 study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1284664. [PMID: 37849476 PMCID: PMC10577301 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1284664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of social interaction anxiety on satisfaction with life mediated by emotional intelligence. The research design was descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-randomized. In total, 1,164 Mexican physical education students participated (Mage = 21.21; SD = 3.26; 30.0% female; 69.6% male; 0.4% other). The scales used were the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, Trait Meta-Mood Scale and Satisfaction with Life and a structural equation analysis with latent variables was conducted. The results highlight that it can be asserted that emotional clarity and repair had a mediating effect between social interaction anxiety and satisfaction with life, as they did decrease the negative effects of social interaction anxiety on satisfaction with life. In addition, social interaction anxiety had a direct and positive effect on emotional attention and a negative effect on emotional clarity and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Granero-Gallegos
- Department of Education, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Baños
- Faculty of Sports, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Mexico
- Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
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17
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Silva RR, Santos DAT, Costa BA, Farias Júnior NC, Braz AG, Costa GDCT, Andrade MS, Vancini RL, Weiss K, Knechtle B, de Lira CAB. Prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety among undergraduate students during remote classes. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:303-313. [PMID: 36632016 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, undergraduate students were exposed to symptoms of psychological suffering during remote classes. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors that may be generated and be related to such outcomes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and related factors in undergraduate students during remote classes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 218 undergraduate students (60.6% women and 39.4% men). Students answered a self-administered online questionnaire designed to gather personal information, pandemic exposure, physical activity level, fear of COVID-19 using the 'Fear of COVID-19 Scale', symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety using General Anxiety Disorder-7. RESULTS Undergraduate students had a high prevalence of depression and anxiety (83.0% and 76.1%, respectively) but a low prevalence of fear of COVID-19 (28.9%) during remote classes. Multivariate analysis revealed that women who reported health status as neither good nor bad and who had lost a family member from COVID-19 had the highest levels of fear. For depression and anxiety, the main related factors found were female gender, bad health status, insufficiently active, and complete adherence to the restriction measures. CONCLUSION These findings may be used to develop actions to manage symptoms of anxiety and depression among students, with interventions through physical activity programmes to improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizia Rocha Silva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Physical Education and Sports Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Katja Weiss
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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18
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Kehyayan V, Yasin YM, Khraim F, Masaba A, Abed Alah M. Fear and stress related to COVID-19 and associated factors among undergraduate nursing students in Qatar. Appl Nurs Res 2023; 73:151727. [PMID: 37722795 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2023.151727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had an impact on nearly every human being with millions of related infections and deaths. The negative impact of the pandemic on individuals' mental health such as fear and stress, particularly among university students, have been reported. While the switch to online teaching and learning played an important mitigating role, it also had presented additional challenges to students' mental health. AIM To examine the prevalence of fear and stress among undergraduate nursing students in Qatar and the factors associated with fear of COVID-19. METHOD A cross-sectional design. An online survey was sent to students at the University of Calgary in Qatar. RESULTS 135 participants completed the survey. The findings showed differences in fear of COVID-19 and stress and satisfaction with the measures proposed by the academic institution based on participants' demographic and COVID-19 profiles. Furthermore, fear of COVID-19 was associated with the age group (26-35), academic year level, and satisfaction with the measures proposed by the academic institution. CONCLUSION The study found that switching teaching and learning online had a negative impact on participants' fear and stress. Several strategies were suggested to alleviate students' fear and stress and support them during future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Kehyayan
- University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Yasin M Yasin
- University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Fadi Khraim
- College of Nursing, Qatar University, Qatar.
| | - Arlene Masaba
- University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Muna Abed Alah
- Community Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Chaudhary R, Rohilla M, Chauhan S, Saini M, Aman S, Singla H, bibi A, Ahmed S, Shriwastav S, Kaur N, Dev J, Chalotra R, Singh TG, Mehta S. The pandemic's unseen wounds: COVID-19's profound effects on mental health. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4954-4963. [PMID: 37811101 PMCID: PMC10552974 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This review aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, with a focus on the physiological and psychological consequences, including comorbidities. The goal is to understand the direct and indirect populations affected by mental distress and identify potential interventions. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, PubMed, PLoS One, and Web of Science. The search utilized relevant keywords to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on mental health. The selected articles were critically evaluated and analyzed to identify key findings and insights. Main findings Mental health, being an intrinsic component of overall well-being, plays a vital role in physiological functioning. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had a devastating global impact. Beyond the respiratory symptoms, individuals recovering from COVID-19 commonly experience additional ailments, such as arrhythmia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Healthcare professionals on the frontlines face an elevated risk of mental illness. However, it is crucial to recognize that the general population also grapples with comparable levels of mental distress. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the significance of addressing mental health concerns. Various strategies can help mitigate the impact, including counselling, fostering open lines of communication, providing mental support, ensuring comprehensive patient care, and administering appropriate medications. In severe cases, treatment may involve the supplementation of essential vitamins and antidepressant therapy. By understanding the direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on mental health, healthcare providers and policymakers can develop targeted interventions to support individuals and communities affected by the pandemic. Continued research and collaborative efforts are essential to address this pervasive issue effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manni Rohilla
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University
- Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Punjab
| | | | - Monika Saini
- M.M. College of Pharmacy
- Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Punjab
| | - Shahbaz Aman
- Department of Microbiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | | | | | | | - Shalini Shriwastav
- Department of Microbiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | - Narinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | - Jai Dev
- Department of Microbiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Science and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | - Rishabh Chalotra
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Sachin Mehta
- Birat Medical college Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu University, Nepal
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Zenthöfer A, Graf A, Rammelsberg P, Klotz AL. The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Stress and Anxiety of Dental Students. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1221-1228. [PMID: 37276882 PMCID: PMC10756791 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on stress and anxiety of preclinical and clinical dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dental students (participants) in their clinical course (CC; n = 64) or preclinical course (PCC; n = 53) were included in the study. The subjective perceived levels of stress and anxiety were evaluated using the Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaire. Cortisol levels were measured in saliva samples collected from participants. Knowledge of the pandemic was evaluated using a 100-mm visual analog scale. All data were collected twice: once during the university holidays and once during term time. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Results from DES, DASS, and salivary cortisol tests were compared between baseline and follow-up using descriptive and bivariate statistics. Multivariate linear regression models were computed with DES, DASS, and cortisol values as dependent variables to analyze possible influencing factors. RESULTS Participants showed medium levels of stress and anxiety at baseline and follow-up. The DASS score in the "anxiety" subdomain was significantly higher in the PCC group than in the CC group at baseline (p < 0.001) and increased during term time. DASS scores in the "stress" subdomain also increased during term time. However, both subdomain scores were lower than the cutoff value for a psychological disorder. The mean total DES scores were 615.9 ± 97.7 in the CC group and 580.40 ± 98.9 in the PCC group. These scores indicated medium stress levels and were not significantly different between the groups, nor did they change during the study period. Mean saliva cortisol levels were higher in the CC group (9.2 ± 5.2) than in the PCC group (4.9 ± 2.2) at baseline (p < 0.001) but converged by follow-up. Multivariate regression models showed that intraindividual perception of stress at baseline was consistently the most important aspect for changes in stress and anxiety levels during term time. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected stress and anxiety levels in some participants, but this was not ubiquitous. CONCLUSION Intraindividual differences in stress perception seem to be more relevant than course affiliation (preclinical or clinical) or the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to stress and anxiety levels in dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zenthöfer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Graf
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Rammelsberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Luisa Klotz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Gong F, Jia Y, Sun X, Min H, Jia X, Wang F, Huang X, Lin X, Li Z, Wu Y. The influence of media use degree on public depressive symptoms: mediating role of big five personality. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:616. [PMID: 37608360 PMCID: PMC10463842 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed results have been found regarding the relationship between media use degree and depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between media use degree, big five personality and depressive symptoms with a mediation model. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study. With 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 10-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) and self-designed media usage scale, 11,031 participants aged 12 and above in 120 cities in China were collected. Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed on the data. The Process plug-in was used to construct the mediation model and explore the relationship among media use degree, big five personality and depressive symptoms. The nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect of personality traits. RESULTS The degree of media use was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.20, P < 0.001), and big five personality played a mediating role between the degree of media use and depressive symptoms. Among five traits, extroversion (r=-0.12, P < 0.001), conscientiousness (r=-0.23, P < 0.001), openness (r=-0.03, P < 0.01) and agreeableness (r=-0.22, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, and neuroticism (r = 0.25, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms. In addition, extraversion (-0.004, -0.001), conscientiousness (-0.015, -0.008), agreeableness (-0.008, -0.001) and neuroticism (-0.015, -0.007) in big five personality played a mediating role between media use and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The degree of media use positively predicted depressive symptoms, and excessive media use may bring risks to mental health. People with high neuroticism, low agreeableness, low conscientiousness and low extroversion are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Yuhan Jia
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China.
- Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 120 Renmin South Road, Jishou City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hewei Min
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocen Jia
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xincheng Huang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichaun, China
| | - Zheming Li
- School of basic medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- , 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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Holm-Hadulla RM, Wendler H, Baracsi G, Storck T, Möltner A, Herpertz SC. Depression and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic in a student population: the effects of establishing and relaxing social restrictions. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1200643. [PMID: 37608993 PMCID: PMC10440382 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1200643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In a quasi-naturalistic study design, we evaluate the change in psychopathological syndromes and general well-being after the alleviation of social restrictions. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific relationship between social isolation and depressive syndromes. Methods At two timepoints, the first during maximal social restrictions, the second after social restrictions had widely ended for 9 months, depressive and other syndromes were measured in an online survey addressing the total cohort of students registered at Heidelberg University, Germany via e-mail (n = 27,162). The complete Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was used with nine items for depressive syndromes. In addition, well-being was measured by the Well-Being Index WHO-5. In the quantitative and qualitative part of the study psychopathological syndromes and well-being were related to social isolation and feelings of loneliness. Results After 1.5 years of pandemic-related social restrictions, "major" depressive syndromes were reported by 40.16% of the respondents to the PHQ in a sample of 2,318 university students. 72.52% showed a severely reduced Well-Being-Index. Nine months after the end of social restrictions, "major" depressive syndromes were reported by 28.50% of the participants. Well-being improved after the alleviation of social restrictions, as well: 53.96% showed a Well-Being Index of below 50 vs. 72.52% in the first study. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the free texts of the respondents suggest that a significant amount of depressive syndromes and reduced well-being are related to social isolation and loneliness. While in the times of the pandemic restrictions the participants mostly reported "loneliness and social isolation" (24.2%) as their main problem, only 7.7% described these as their main problem after social restrictions had been loosened for 9 months. The qualitative analysis hints that at t2 participants were more likely to mention possible ways to actively deal with loneliness than at t1, which might be interpreted along the lines of the decrease in depressive syndromes. Discussion Keeping the self-selection bias in mind our study results suggest that one third of "major" depressive syndromes and one quarter of severely reduced well-being accompany social restrictions or are even caused by them, with loneliness being an important factor. These results should be taken into account by health policies when coping with future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Matthias Holm-Hadulla
- Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health East, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hannes Wendler
- Department of Philosophy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriella Baracsi
- Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timo Storck
- Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Möltner
- Dean’s Office of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine C. Herpertz
- Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Camacho-Villa MA, Díaz-Marín IJ, Paredes Prada ET, De la Rosa A, Niño-Cruz GI. Cross-Sectional Analysis of Colombian University Students' Perceptions of Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Repercussions on Academic Achievement. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2024. [PMID: 37510465 PMCID: PMC10378872 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in academic activities at home negatively impacted mental health, due to significant levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. We investigated the association of depression and anxiety with university students' academic performance during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bucaramanga, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey during the lockdown, through the use of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the grade-point average. RESULTS 1090 females, out of 1957 students, with mean age 22.2 ± 5.3 years, participated in the study. The prevalence of low academic performance was higher in men (4.7% p = 0.014). As for mental health, 2.5% of the students were classified as "definite cases" of anxiety and 8.2% were diagnosed with depression. Women with a low academic performance had a greater percentage of being "definite cases" (3.8%) of anxiety as compared to men (1.1%). Regarding depression, in men, 12.2% of those with low academic performance were "definite cases" (6.9% p < 0.05); in females with low academic performance, 10.1% were "definite cases" of depression, according to the Poisson regression analysis. The probability of low performance was 100% higher for women identified as "doubtful cases" of depression (PR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.10-5.18, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS A positive association between the severity of anxiety/depression and lower grades, especially in women, was found. Mental health should be a special concern when considering university students, in order to improve their academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra Camacho-Villa
- Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport, Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
- Pain Study Group (GED), Physical Therapy School, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Ingrid Johanna Díaz-Marín
- Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport, Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
- Pain Study Group (GED), Physical Therapy School, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Erika Tatiana Paredes Prada
- Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport, Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Adrián De la Rosa
- Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport, Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Gloria Isabel Niño-Cruz
- Harmony and Life Movement (MAV), Physical Therapy School, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
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Reivan Ortiz GG, Yanza R, Campoverde X, Estrada Cherres JP, Reinoso García LP, Diaz J, Granero Pérez R. A predictive model of perceived stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in university students Ecuadorians. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1202625. [PMID: 37520229 PMCID: PMC10374223 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1202625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives The situation caused by the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the mobility restriction implemented by governments worldwide had a significant impact on people's routines. Stressors are known to increase emotional imbalance, uncertainty, and frustration in the general population. This study explores the factors that predispose to the risk of perceived stress from COVID-19 and determines the underlying mediating mechanisms in the Ecuadorian population. Method The cross-sectional study an incidental non-probabilistic sample of n = 977 participating student volunteers from the four regions of the Republic of Ecuador (68.6% women and 31.4% men). Data on emotional regulation (ERQ), perceived stress (PSS), active procrastination (APS), diagnosis and symptoms related to COVID-19, social isolation, coexistence, and a sociodemographic questionnaire (biological sex, marital status, and age) were recruited. Statistical analysis was based on a structural equation model. Results The risk of suffering perceived stress in the COVID-19 pandemic was higher for single women who have lived longer in social isolation, have lived with more people, have poor emotional regulation and high rates of procrastination. This structural model is similar in all Ecuadorian regions χ2 = 21.54 (p = 0.760), RMSEA = 0.001 (95%CI, 0.00-0.02), CFI = 0.998; TLI = 0.999; SRMR = 0.020. Discussion Although our findings are consistent and revealing for the scientific community, the lack of discrimination of the data due to strict isolation measures, taken at different periods by the Ecuadorian government against positive cases of COVID-19, is discussed. The research was applied to the university population, it would be representative to extend the study to schools and colleges. Conclusion We consider this work as a starting point for the creation of preventive models against perceived stress in the university environment in the event of health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Yanza
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ximena Campoverde
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Johanna Paulina Estrada Cherres
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | | | - José Diaz
- Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador
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Jangra R, Ahlawat K, Dixit A, Prakash R. Efficient deactivation of aerosolized pathogens using a dielectric barrier discharge based cold-plasma detergent in environment device for good indoor air quality. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10295. [PMID: 37357240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the top 5 risks causing chronic diseases according to WHO and airborne transmitted pathogens infection is a huge challenge in the current era. Long living pathogens and small size aerosols are not effectively dealt with by the available indoor air purifiers. In this work, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) based portable cold-plasma detergent in environment device is reported and its disinfection efficiency has been analyzed in the indoor environment of sizes up to 3 × 2.4 × 2.4 m3. The deactivation efficiency of total microbial counts (TMCs) and total fungal counts (TFCs) is found to be more than 99% in 90 min of continuous operation of the device at the optimized parameters. The complete inactivation of MS2 phage and Escherichia coli bacteria with more than 5 log reduction (99.999%) has also been achieved in 30 min and 90 min of operation of the device in an enclosed environment. The device is able to produce negative ions predominantly dominated by natural plasma detergent along with positive ions in the environment similar to mother nature. The device comprises a coaxial DBD geometry plasma source with a specially designed wire mesh electrode of mild steel with a thickness of 1 mm. The need for feed gas, pellets and/or differential pressure has been eliminated from the DBD discharge source for efficient air purification. The existence of negative ions for more than 25 s on average is the key advantage, which can also deactivate long living pathogens and small size aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramavtar Jangra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Kiran Ahlawat
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Ambesh Dixit
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Ram Prakash
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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Ellakany P, Folayan MO, El Tantawi M, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Aly NM, Ara E, Gaffar B, Ishabiyi AO, Quadri MFA, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Popoola BO, Lusher J, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Associations between depression, fear of COVID-19 infection and students' self-care measures used during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1047. [PMID: 37264389 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 lockdown resulted in the closure of schools with associated problems. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between depression, fear of contracting COVID-19 infection and the use of self-care measures by college students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that collected data from undergraduate and postgraduate college students 18 years and older from 152 countries between June and December 2020. Study participants were recruited through crowdsourcing using various social media platforms including Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, WhatsApp groups and emails to participants in the collaborators' networks. The dependent variables were fear of contracting COVID-19 and depression while the independent variable was students' self-care measures. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to assess the associations between the dependent and independent variables. RESULTS Of the 2840 respondents, 1305 (46.0%) had fears of contracting COVID-19 and 599 (21.1%) reported depression. The most common self-care measures were phone calls with friends/family (60.1%) and video chat (52.8%). Learning a new skill was significantly associated with higher odds of fear of contracting COVID-19 (AOR = 1.669) and lower odds of having depression (AOR = 0.684). Talking to friends/family through video chat (AOR = 0.809) was significantly associated with lower odds of feeling depressed while spending time with pets (AOR = 1.470) and taking breaks from the news/social media (AOR = 1.242) were significantly associated with higher odds of feeling depressed. Students from lower middle-income countries (AOR = 0.330) had significantly lower odds of feeling depressed than students from low-income countries. CONCLUSION Self-care strategies involving social interactions were associated with less depression. Coping strategies with more cognitive demands may significantly reduce the risk of fear of COVID-19. Special attention needs to be given to students in low-income countries who have higher odds of depression during the pandemic than students from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Nourhan M Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Cluster University of Srinagar, Moulana Azad Road Srinagar Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abeedah Tu-Allah Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibdan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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García-Dolores F, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Flores F, Carbajal-Rimoldi LA, Mendoza-Morales RC, Gómez-Mendoza LE, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, de la Cruz F, Genis-Mendoza AD, Nicolini H, Flores G. Increased suicide rates in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: An analysis spanning from 2016 to 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16420. [PMID: 37274652 PMCID: PMC10228161 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted mental health worldwide, and suicide can be a serious outcome of this. Thus, suicide characteristics were examined before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City. Methods This is a retrospective study including all Mexico City residents who had a coroner's record with a cause of death of intentional self-harm (ICD-10) from January 2016 to December 2021. Results From 2016 to 2021, 3636 people committed suicide, of which 2869 were males (78.9%) and 767 females (21.1%). From 2016 to 2019 the suicide rate remained constant (∼6 per 100000) and dramatically increased in 2020 (10.45 per 100,000), to return to the levels of the previous year in 2021 (6.95 per 100000). The suicide rate in 2020 specifically increased from January to June (COVID-19 outbreak) in all age groups. Moreover, every year young people (15-24 years) have the maximum suicide rate and depression was the main suicide etiology. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak increased the suicide rate, regardless of age, but suicide prevalence was higher in males and young people, regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings confirm that suicide is a complex and multifactorial problem and will allow the establishment of new guidelines for prevention and care strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Dolores
- Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México (TSJCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fidel de la Cruz
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
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Mehrotra S, Roy S. Hope, Belief in Just World and Trust in Government: An Interaction Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic in India. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231177852. [PMID: 37211995 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231177852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID 19 has brought about changes in all spheres of human life. In the present times of pandemic, human life has suffered not only from physical stresses but also encountered and endured several mental stresses. In recent times people adopted several measures to bring positivity to their life. The present study explores the relationship between- Hope, Belief in Just World, Covid -19, and Trust in the Government in India, during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Data was collected online from young adults, via Google forms, using the tools- Adult Hope scale, Covid Anxiety scale, Belief in Just world scale, and Trust in Government. Results showed a significant correlation between the three variables. Hope, Belief in Just World, and Trust in government. Regression analysis found these three variables to significantly impact Covid anxiety. Further, Belief in Just World was found to mediate the relationship between Hope and Covid anxiety. During challenging times, it is important to boost mental health in the right direction. Implications have been further discussed in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Mehrotra
- Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shreyasi Roy
- Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India
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Ng TLY, Majeed NM, Lua VYQ, Hartanto A. Do executive functions buffer against COVID-19 stress?: A latent variable approach. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37359680 PMCID: PMC10163301 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Levels of COVID-19 stress have soared worldwide as a result of the pandemic. Given the pernicious psychological and physiological effects of stress, there is an urgent need for us to protect populations against the pandemic's psychological impact. While there exists literature documenting the prevalence of COVID-19 stress among various populations, insufficient research has investigated psychological factors that might mitigate this worrying trend. To address this gap in the literature, the current study seeks to examine executive functions as a potential cognitive buffer against COVID-19 stress. To do so, the study adopted a latent variable approach to examine three latent factors of executive functions and their relation to COVID-19 stress among a sample of 243 young adults. Structural equation models showed differential associations between COVID-19 stress and the latent factors of executive functions. While the latent factor of updating working memory was associated with attenuated COVID-19 stress, task switching and inhibitory control were not significantly associated with COVID-19 stress. These results further our understanding of the critical processes of executive functions and highlight the nuanced link between executive functions and pandemic-related stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04652-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L. Y. Ng
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 10 Canning Rise, Level 5, Singapore, 179873 Singapore
| | - Nadyanna M. Majeed
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 10 Canning Rise, Level 5, Singapore, 179873 Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Verity Y. Q. Lua
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 10 Canning Rise, Level 5, Singapore, 179873 Singapore
| | - Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 10 Canning Rise, Level 5, Singapore, 179873 Singapore
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Castro-Pérez Vargas AM, Céspedes-Porras J, Echeverri-Junca LH, Córdova-Limaylla NE, López-Gurreonero C, Castro-Mena MJ, Cayo-Rojas CF. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Associated With Fear of COVID-19 in Peruvian Dental Students: A Multivariate Analysis With 12 Sociodemographic Factors. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:208-220. [PMID: 37564168 PMCID: PMC10411290 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_295_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives Excessive fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in dental students could cause mood disorders, especially if there are factors in the environment that generate feelings of anxiety or uncertainty. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fear of COVID-19 and its association with depression, anxiety, and stress in Peruvian dental students according to their sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods This analytical, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted in 398 dental students of a public university in the Peruvian capital during April 2021 to July 2021. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 items was used to diagnose depression, anxiety, and stress. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was used to detect fear of COVID-19. The Pearson's chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. In addition, a logit model using odds ratio (OR) was performed to evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress of students with the associated factors: fear of COVID-19 and 12 sociodemographic variables (gender, age group, marital status, year of study, origin, companion, living with vulnerable people, history of mental illness, history of COVID-19, loss of close relatives due to COVID-19, occupation, and area of residence). A significance level of P < .05 was considered. In addition, predictive models were developed for the variables depression, anxiety, and stress, considering all possible significant causes. Results The prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and stress was 19.6%, 36.2%, 40.7%, and 19.6%, respectively. According to the adjusted logit model, students who had fear of COVID-19 had OR = 2.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.62-4.64), OR = 5.59 (95% CI: 3.14-9.97), and OR = 3.31 (95% CI: 1.88-5.83) for developing depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. In addition, those who reported history of mental illness were four times more likely to develop depression (OR = 4.02, 95% CI: 1.96-8.25) and anxiety (OR = 4.50, 95% CI: 2.06-9.82), whereas those living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 were twice as likely to develop stress (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.16-3.66). Conclusion The highest prevalence of mood disorders among dental students was anxiety. In addition, those who were afraid of COVID-19 had three times the probability of developing depression and stress, and five times the probability of developing anxiety. On the other hand, the most influential factor in the development of depression and anxiety was history of mental illness, whereas the factor of living with vulnerable people was the most influential factor in the development of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonieta M Castro-Pérez Vargas
- “Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - César F Cayo-Rojas
- “Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global”, Postgraduate School, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
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Alizadeh H, Sharifi A, Damanbagh S, Nazarnia H, Nazarnia M. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social sphere and lessons for crisis management: a literature review. NATURAL HAZARDS (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 117:1-26. [PMID: 37360799 PMCID: PMC10088618 DOI: 10.1007/s11069-023-05959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is the most difficult challenge that has affected humanity in recent decades. It has disrupted many features of development with domino effects in the social sphere. This study reviews the literature on the social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies the affected social areas that have undergone dramatic changes during the pandemic. We use inductive content analysis and thematic analysis to review the literature. The results show that there are seven major areas that have been negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: health, social vulnerability, education, social capital, social relationships, social mobility, and social welfare. The literature has reported dramatic psychological and emotional effects, exacerbation of segregation and poverty, disruption in educational systems and formation of an information gap, as well as a declining trends of social capital among communities. We highlight some lessons that can be learned from the pandemic to enhance social resilience in future. Among others, to effectively respond to the pandemic and other potential future adverse events, governments should adopt fair policies, identify the required changes in the socially affected contexts and take necessary responsive actions, and adopt collaboratively designed approaches to increase social resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Alizadeh
- Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Chamran
University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan Iran
| | - Ayyoob Sharifi
- The IDEC Institute and Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability (NERPS), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8529 Japan
| | - Safiyeh Damanbagh
- Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Chamran
University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan Iran
| | - Hadi Nazarnia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International
University, Flagler Street, Miami, Florida 33174 USA
| | - Mohammad Nazarnia
- Department of Civil Engineering, , Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Shekhar SK. Investigating the mediating effect of anxiety and fear of a third wave of COVID-19 among students in South India. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2023; 181:330-335. [PMID: 36068844 PMCID: PMC9436894 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, which is a global health emergency, has potentiality had a serious impact on students' mental health. An online cross-sectional survey design that included 534 senior year college students from South India revealed a significant and direct positive effect of the fear of a third wave of COVID-19 on academic anxiety which in turn showed a significant and direct positive effect on COVID-19 burnout. Academic anxiety was also found to mediate the relationship between the fear of a third wave of COVID-19 and subsequent cases of burnout. The study suggested measures to be taken by policy makers for the broader interest and wellbeing of student communities. Managerial implications, limitations and future studies were also examined in the paper.
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Ho TTQ. COVID-19 Fear, Sleep Quality, Anxiety and Depression: A Moderated Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37359459 PMCID: PMC10043850 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-023-00533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The available literature demonstrates that COVID-19 fear (CV-19 F) may increase depressive symptoms in adolescents. However, few studies have explored the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. This study aimed to understand the role of anxiety and sleep quality in the association between CV-19 F and depression in Vietnamese adolescents. A sample of 685 adolescents, ages 15 to 19 (mean = 16.09, SD = 0.860), was recruited to participate in the study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale were completed by participants. Results indicated that the link between CV-19 F and depression was fully mediated by anxiety. Furthermore, this indirect relationship was moderated by sleep quality. Our findings provided new insights into the link between CV-19 F and depression as well as highlighted the potential value of reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality in the prevention of depression in adolescents with high levels of CV-19 F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Truc Quynh Ho
- Department of Psychology – Education, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City, Viet Nam
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Tomić SD, Tomić S, Malenković G, Malenković J, Šljivo A, Mujičić E. COVID-19-Related Stress, Fear and Online Teaching Satisfaction among Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:894. [PMID: 36981552 PMCID: PMC10048461 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health, particularly among students, due to COVID-19-related fear and also the transition from traditional to online lectures. In this questionnaire-based study, the COVID-19 Stress Scales (CSS), the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and the Online Teaching Satisfaction Scale were used to assess COVID-19-related fear, stress, and overall satisfaction with online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing students in Serbia. A total of 167 students participated in the study, whose mean age was 21.3 ± 5.3, and the majority of whom were female and first-year students. Overall, most students experienced moderate to extremely high COVID-19-related stress levels. Overall, first-year and fourth-year students scored significantly lower regarding the Xenophobia and Traumatic stress subscales than second-year and third-year students, whereas first-year students also scored significantly lower on the Danger and Contamination subscales. First-year students experienced less COVID-19-related fear compared to senior students. Students were reasonably satisfied with online teaching. A stratified program is needed to prevent further decline of students' mental health and to improve their adaptation through public, health, and educational changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja D. Tomić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Tomić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Goran Malenković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Armin Šljivo
- Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ermina Mujičić
- Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Zhao B, Xu J, Kong F, Nam EW. Validation of the Chinese version of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale among Chinese college students. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13468. [PMID: 36789385 PMCID: PMC9911978 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Different languages and versions of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) have been developed and tested in several countries. Chinese college students are a large vulnerable group and are susceptible to psychological problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, no studies had yet examined the reliability and validity of the C19P-S in China among college students group. This study aims to evaluate the COVID-19-related phobia of Chinese college students and examine the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods A total of 1689 Chinese college students participated in this study from April 27 to May 7, 2022. They finished the online questionnaire including demographic information and C19P-S. Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability were used to examine the internal consistency of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was further used to examine the scale's construct validity. Convergence validity was also confirmed. Results This scale in Chinese had high reliability and validity. The Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability of the total scale were 0.960 and 0.935, respectively. The construct validity-related indicators of the total scale met the standards (RMSEA = 0.064, IFI = 0.907, TLI = 0.906, and CFI = 0.907). Regarding the subscales, the composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) also met the cutoff values (CR > 0.7 and AVE >0.5). Comparison between gender groups showed that total and subscale scores between male and female students differed significantly. Conclusion The Chinese version of the C19P-S was appropriate for evaluating phobic symptoms among Chinese college students. Therefore, this tool could be used to evaluate the mental health of college students in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, South Korea,Yonei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, South Korea
| | - Jing Xu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China,NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Fanlei Kong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China,NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China,Corresponding author. Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, South Korea,Yonei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, South Korea,Corresponding author. Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, South Korea
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Student adjustment during Covid-19 pandemic: Exploring the moderating role of university support. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13625. [PMID: 36819228 PMCID: PMC9918325 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigates the moderating effect of university support on the association between fear of Cov19 and student adjustment including (a) academic; (b) psychological; and (c) social adjustment. A total of 592 students took part in the research by completing self-reported questionnaire. The respondents were chosen using a multi-stage sampling technique. The data was processed and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24 and SEM-PLS, respectively. Results reveal fear of Cov19 negatively predict student's academic, psychological, and social adjustment. University support positively predicts student's academic, psychological, and social adjustment and further mitigate the impact of fear of Cov19 on students' academic, psychological, and social adjustment. This is the first study to examine university support as a moderator between fear of Cov19 and three dimensions of students' adjustment.
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Yao Y, Lin M, Ni J, Ni J. Hope Buffers the Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Depression among College Students: Insomnia as a Mediator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3245. [PMID: 36833940 PMCID: PMC9966876 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the period of the global pandemic, psychophysical problems induced by the fear of COVID-19 among college students deserve attention since the dormitory environment in college greatly increases the possibility of COVID-19 infection. METHODS A hypothesized mediated moderation model was to be verified using a cross-sectional study among 2453 college students. Fear of COVID-19, insomnia, hope, and depression were assessed by using the relevant scales. RESULTS (1) The fear of COVID-19 was positively correlated to depression (β = 0.365, t = 5.553, 95% CI = [0.236, 0.494]); (2) hope moderated the influence of the fear of COVID-19 on depression (β = -0.093, t = -4.066, 95% CI = [-0.137, -0.048]), as well as on insomnia (β = -0.095, t = -4.841, 95% CI = [-0.133, -0.056]); and (3) the mediated moderation model with hope as the moderator and insomnia as the full mediating variable between fear of COVID-19 and depression was verified (β = -0.060, 95% CI = [-0.093, -0.028]). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that hope is a vital mechanism to explain the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and depression in early adulthood. In practical application, mental health practitioners should focus on boosting hope and alleviating insomnia when addressing COVID-19-related depression issues among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yao
- Counseling and Education Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Min Lin
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianchao Ni
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Faculty of Nursing, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
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Padmanabhanunni A, Pretorius TB, Bouchard JP, Stiegler N. Facing Your Fear of COVID-19: Resilience as a Protective Factor Against Burnout in South African Teachers. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2023; 181:119-127. [PMID: 35573929 PMCID: PMC9091263 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective Frontline workers have been distinctively impacted by the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers, as frontline employees in the educational system, had to contend with unprecedented changes to their work role, as well as new job demands coupled with insufficient resources and the effects of the pandemic on their personal lives. While some teachers struggled to cope and reported intense levels of fear of COVID-19 and burnout, others were able to adapt and experienced a sense of growth and accomplishment. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the role of resilience in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and burnout among South African schoolteachers using a survey design. Materials and methods Schoolteachers in South Africa (n = 355) were administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10. Results The results showed a positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Moreover, structural equation modeling confirmed a health-sustaining role for resilience as it had a significant direct effect on burnout. Resilience also partially mediated the impact of fear of COVID-19 on depersonalization as well as emotional exhaustion, and fully mediated the impact of fear of COVID-19 on personal accomplishment. Conclusions Our findings underscore that promoting individual- and institutional-level strategies to support teachers is necessary to build resilience, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Padmanabhanunni
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Robert-Sobukwe Road, Belville, 7535 Cape-Town, South Africa
| | - Tyrone B. Pretorius
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Robert-Sobukwe Road, Belville, 7535 Cape-Town, South Africa,Corresponding author
| | - Jean-Pierre Bouchard
- Institut psycho-judiciaire et de psychopathologie (IPJP), Institute of Forensic Psychology and Psychopathology, centre hospitalier de Cadillac, 89, rue Cazeaux-Cazalet, 33410 Cadillac, France,Unité pour malades difficiles (UMD), pôle de psychiatrie médico-légale (PPML), centre hospitalier de Cadillac, 10, avenue Joseph-Caussil, 33410 Cadillac, France,Department of Statistics and Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, Robert-Sobukwe road, Bellville, 7535 Cape-Town, South Africa
| | - Nancy Stiegler
- Department of Statistics and Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, Robert-Sobukwe road, Bellville, 7535 Cape-Town, South Africa
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Tengilimoglu-Metin MM, Gumus D. Are depression, resilience and fear of COVID-19 related to eating behavior and nutrition status of university students? Nutrition 2023; 106:111884. [PMID: 36493550 PMCID: PMC9616475 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to examine eating behaviors and their association with fear and depression states concerning COVID-19 among students in Turkey. METHODS A total number of 499 students, 336 (67.3%) female and 163 (32.7%) male, participated in an online-based cross-sectional study. The survey collected data on the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ), along with measuring psychological effect by using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Brief Resilience Scale. In addition, 24-h dietary records were used to calculate the daily energy and macronutrient intakes in the study. RESULTS A negative correlation between brief resilience and fear of COVID-19 was found. Total and subdomain DEBQ scores were positively correlated with fear of COVID-19; conversely, there was a negative correlation with brief resilience (P < 0.05). More than half (58.9%) of students had depression, and students who had moderate and severe depression had higher total DEBQ and emotional eating scores. Students with severe depression had the highest levels of fear of COVID-19. Students having higher daily energy intake had greater fear concerning COVID-19, and the daily energy intake was negatively correlated with restrained and external eating. CONCLUSIONS During the pandemic, negative psychological effects resulted in unfavorable dietary behavioral consequences, depending on the increasing levels of stress.
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Moraes Silva Gomes C, Cassa Macedo A, Brunorio Salamão E, Valladão Schiavo K, Gazzoli Zanotelli L. Mental health and coping strategies of caregivers of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 70:966-971. [PMID: 39131750 PMCID: PMC11308953 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2164781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the COVID-19 pandemic highlight detrimental effects of social distancing on mental health. These effects were also observed among caregivers of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), who undergo particular challenges in this context. This study aimed to identify the coping strategies adopted by caregivers of people with IDD in the period of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic and their relationship to signs of mental illness. Forty-eight caregivers of people with IDD who were users of a non-governmental organization for the assistance of people with IDD and their families in southeastern Brazil undertook an on-line survey. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression, and the word cloud technique. Results indicate that most caregivers employed healthy coping strategies and used negative words to describe their feelings towards the pandemic. Confrontation, withdrawal, self-control, social support, acceptance, and escape correlated with psychological symptoms (stress, depression, or loneliness). Those symptoms were more prevalent among participants using escape as a coping strategy. These findings indicate that caregivers of people with National Deworming Day (NDD) used mostly positive coping strategies to face the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have contributed to the low prevalence of psychological burden in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur Cassa Macedo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Mir IA, Ng SK, Mohd Jamali MNZ, Jabbar MA, Humayra S. Determinants and predictors of mental health during and after COVID-19 lockdown among university students in Malaysia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280562. [PMID: 36662687 PMCID: PMC9858015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults, particularly university students might be at greater risk of developing psychological distress, and exhibiting symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this study was to explore and compare the determinants and predictors of mental health (anxiety and depression) during and after the COVID-19 lockdown among university students. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study with a sample size of 417 students. An online survey utilizing International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was distributed to Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman students via Google forms. RESULTS During lockdown, family income [χ2 (1, n = 124) = 5.155, p = 0.023], and physical activity (PA) [χ2 (1, n = 134) = 6.366, p = 0.012] were associated with anxiety, while depression was associated with gender [χ2 (1, n = 75) = 4.655, p = 0.031]. After lockdown, family income was associated with both anxiety [χ2 (1, n = 111) = 8.089, p = 0.004], and depression [χ2 (1, n = 115) = 9.305, p = 0.002]. During lockdown, family income (OR = 1.60, p = 0.018), and PA (OR = 0.59, p = 0.011) were predictors for anxiety, while gender (OR = 0.65, p = 0.046) was a predictor for depression. After lockdown, family income was a predictor for both anxiety (OR = 1.67, p = 0.011), and depression (OR = 1.70, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Significant negative effects attributed to the COVID-19 lockdown, and certain factors predisposed to the worsening of mental health status in university students. Low family income, PA, and female gender were the major determinants and predictors linked to anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ali Mir
- Department of Physiotherapy, M Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shang Kuan Ng
- Department of Physiotherapy, M Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Mohd Jamali
- Department of Physiotherapy, M Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed AbdulRazzaq Jabbar
- Department of Population Medicine, M Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syeda Humayra
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Gong F, Yi P, Yu L, Fan S, Gao G, Jin Y, Zeng L, Li Y, Ma ZF. Media use degree and depression: A latent profile analysis from Chinese residents. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1070774. [PMID: 36733883 PMCID: PMC9887043 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have emphasized the media as an essential channel for understanding information about depression. However, they have not divided groups according to the degree of media use to study their differences in depression. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influence of media use on depression and the influencing factors of depression in people with different media use degrees. Methods Based on seven items related to media use, a total of 11, 031 respondents were categorized by the frequency of media use using latent profile analysis (LPA). Secondly, multiple linear regression analyzes were conducted to analyze the effects of depression in people with different degrees of media use. Finally, factors influencing depression among people with different degrees of media use were explored separately. Results All respondents were classified into three groups: media use low-frequency (9.7%), media use general (67.1%), and media use high-frequency (23.2%). Compared with media use general group, media use low-frequency (β = 0.019, p = 0.044) and media use high-frequency (β = 0.238, p < 0.001) groups are significantly associated with depression. The factors influencing depression in the population differed between media use low-frequency, media use general, and media use high-frequency groups. Conclusion The government and the appropriate departments should develop targeted strategies for improving the overall health status of people with different media use degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- College of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Pei Yi
- College of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China,Pei Yi,
| | - Lian Yu
- College of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Lian Yu,
| | - Siyuan Fan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangze Gao
- Tongliao Clinical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yile Jin
- Baotou Clinical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, China
| | - Leixiao Zeng
- College of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Communication and Art Design, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Aslan I, Çınar O. Predictors and prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, and PTSD among university students during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1087528. [PMID: 36704677 PMCID: PMC9872141 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1087528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to find the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, and PTSD; differences according to demographic variables; and predictors of mental health problems during the second wave of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Turkey. Differences in exposure to COVID-19 during the first and second waves of the pandemic among students were compared. A total of 754 students from seven universities in different parts of Turkey participated in the survey between November and December 2020. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) scale measuring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used to measure the mental well-being of students. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, correlations, and multinomial logistic regression methods were used to analyze the data. The prevalence of high stress, high generalized anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 10), high depression symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10), and high PTSD in the total sample were 84.2, 36.2, 55.0, and 61.2%, respectively. High perceived stress, moderate generalized anxiety disorder, mild depression symptoms, high severity PTSD, and moderate satisfaction were found among students in Turkey. Religiosity and spirituality have significant negative correlations with anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Religiosity level, gender, relationship status, year of study, physical activity, symptoms of coronavirus, death of a close relative, job loss, and economic status are significant parameters for predicting psychological problems of students in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Aslan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Management Department, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Orhan Çınar
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
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Tang YM, Wu TL, Liu HT. Causal Model Analysis of the Effect of Formalism, Fear of Infection, COVID-19 Stress on Firefighters' Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome and Insomnia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1097. [PMID: 36673852 PMCID: PMC9859103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the front line of epidemic prevention, firefighters are responsible for the transportation of infected cases. Firefighters are under a lot of stress from the new COVID-19, especially the fear that they may contract the virus at work and spread the virus to their families. In particular, the framework of this study incorporates Riggs' formalism variables. When firefighters think that the epidemic prevention regulations are inconsistent with the actual epidemic prevention, it will increase their work pressure on COVID-19. In this study, firefighters from all over Taiwan were used as the respondents, and a total of 453 respondents were obtained. This study uses confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test the established hypotheses. The findings confirm that formalism, fear of self and family infection are positively influencing COVID-19 stress. COVID-19 stress positively affects PTSD and insomnia. COVID-19 stress negatively affects problem-focused strategies. Problem-focused strategies negatively affect post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ming Tang
- Asia Pacific Society of Fire Engineering, Kaohsiung City 825, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Wu
- Department of Leisure Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Te Liu
- Department of Public Affairs and Administration, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
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Ang CS, Lee KW, Voon SP, Ho MC, Tan CE, Ching SM, Ooi PB. Validation of Malay Version of the COVID-19 Burnout Scale. Oman Med J 2023; 38:e456. [PMID: 36937773 PMCID: PMC10015622 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2023.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives From early 2020, Malaysia had to implement nationwide lockdowns, quarantines, and other social distancing practices to contain the spread of COVID-19 virus, leading to symptoms of psychosocial burnout among the people. The aim of the present research is to develop and validate a Malay language version of the COVID-19 Burnout Scale (M-COVID-19-BS). Methods This three-phase study was conducted among Malaysian population. Phase 1 involved forward and backward translations of the Scale to Malay language by four professional bilingual translators. In Phase 2, the new M-COVID-19-BS instrument was piloted on 30 participants who suggested minor lexical modifications. Phase 3 consisted of online recruiting of Malaysian citizens to answer a composite questionnaire comprising the M-COVID-19-BS, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Data were statistically analyzed. Results The composite four-part questionnaire in Malay was answered by N = 225 Malaysian citizens. The M-COVID-19-BS instrument demonstrated a good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.926) and had a unidimensional factor structure. M-COVID-19-BS scores positively correlated with the three CBI subscales, showing evidence of convergent validity. Negative correlation was reported between M-COVID-19-BS and WHOQOL-BREF, achieving discriminant validity. M-COVID-19-BS also exhibited moderate positive correlations with the FCV-19S, thus supporting its concurrent validity. Conclusions Results demonstrate that M-COVID-19-BS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess burnout symptoms related to COVID-19 among Malay-speaking populations either collectively or as a self-care tool to detect burnout symptoms without needing to further burden the already overwhelmed Malaysian healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Siang Ang
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Mandalay Rd, Singapore
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
- Centre for Research on Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Siok Ping Voon
- Programme of Psychology, Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Meng Chuan Ho
- Department of General Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chai Eng Tan
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Research, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pei Boon Ooi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of General Studies, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
- Future Cities Research Institute, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author:
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Binsaleh NK, Sherwani S, Eltayeb R, Qanash H, Bazaid AS, Althobiti M, Hazzazi MS, Rajendrasozhan S. Increased inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress enhanced antibody production in breast and prostate cancer patients with COVID-19 related depression. Front Chem 2023; 11:1192074. [PMID: 37153524 PMCID: PMC10157473 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1192074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer management is highly dependent on the immune status of the patient. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of people suffered from anxiety and depression, especially cancer patients. The effect of depression on breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC) patients, during the pandemic has been analyzed in this study. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6) and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl content (CC) were estimated in patients' serum samples. Serum antibodies against in vitro hydroxyl radical (•OH) modified pDNA (•OH-pDNA-Abs) were estimated using direct binding and inhibition ELISA. Cancer patients showed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6) and oxidative stress markers (MDA and CC levels), which were further significantly enhanced in cancer patients with depression compared to normal healthy (NH) individuals. Increased levels of •OH-pDNA-Abs were detected in breast cancer (0.506 ± 0.063) and prostate cancer (0.441 ± 0.066) patients compared to NH subjects. Serum antibodies were found to be significantly elevated in BC patients with depression (BCD) (0.698 ± 0.078) and prostate cancer patients with depression (PCD) (0.636 ± 0.058). Inhibition ELISA also exhibited significantly high percent inhibition in BCD (68.8% ± 7.8%) and PCD (62.9% ± 8.3%) subjects compared to BC (48.9% ± 8.1%), and PC (43.4% ± 7.5%) subjects. Cancer is characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and increased inflammation, which may be exaggerated with COVID-19 related depression. High oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant homeostasis exerts alterations in DNA, leading to formation of neo-antigens, subsequently leading to the generation of antibodies. COVID-19 pandemic related depression needs to be addressed globally for improved cancer patient care and cancer disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif K. Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Naif K. Binsaleh,
| | - Subuhi Sherwani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Eltayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S. Bazaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Althobiti
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad S. Hazzazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Yang Y, Wang H. Fear of COVID-19 and Anxiety: Serial Mediation by Trust in the Government and Hope. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:963-970. [PMID: 36998742 PMCID: PMC10044058 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s399466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose How to reduce the damage of COVID-19 pandemic to people's mental health is a current research hotspot. The present study examined the mediating role of trust in the government and hope in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. Participants and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1053 Chinese subjects (20.24±3.97 years old, 85.3% female) were investigated by using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Anxiety Scale, Trust in the Government Measure Scale and Herth Hope Scale, which was conducted by an online survey using snowball sampling technique. Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to test the hypothesized mediating effects of trust in the government and hope in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. Results The fear of COVID-19 could positively predict anxiety level (β=0.36, p<0.001). Results of the mediation analyses demonstrated that trust in the government (β=-0.16, p<0.001) and hope (β=-0.28, p<0.001) mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety level respectively. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 could also indirectly predict anxiety level through the chain-mediated role of the trust in the government and the hope (β=0.28, p<0.001). Conclusion Our findings shed light on a correlation between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. This study emphasizes the value of trust in the government and hope in maintaining mental health when individuals face public stress events from both external and internal perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- School of Educational Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yong Yang, School of Educational Science, Xinyang Normal University, Room 517, Xinyang, Henan, 464000, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Huili Wang
- School of Educational Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Yadav A, Atri M, Pareek S, Srivastava R, Nithya S. Changing sleep patterns and anxiety due to Covid-19 home confinement among working population: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Dent Res 2023; 34:8-13. [PMID: 37417049 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_407_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic took the entire world unawares and people were forced to stay indoors overnight. Due to this a drastic change ensued in lifestyle with many succumbing to various kinds of stresses and psychological problems. This study aims to study the changing sleep patterns and level of anxiety among the working population due to the COVID-19 Pandemic lockdown. Methodology An online survey was conducted using a cloud-based website. The sleep patterns both prior to and during the lockdown period of the pandemic were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The level of anxiety during both these periods (before and during lockdown) amongst the working population was also assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scores (GADS). Results A total of 224 individuals participated in the study of which 52.7% were males and 47.3% were females. On analysis, the lifestyle and sleep deprivation scores showed that before the lockdown only 2.7% reported a low score out of total participants. However, this number was raised to 13.4% during the lockdown. The percentage of people reporting deteriorated sleep quality gradually increased with females reporting moderate to severe category of Generalized Anxiety Disorder scores as compared to Males. Conclusion The study suggests that there has been a significant change in the sleep quality of the study participants due to Covid enforced lockdown which if unnoticed might lead to significant health problems. The effective use of programs like yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises, if followed timely could reduce psychological distress to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Yadav
- Department of Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Atri
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Sonia Pareek
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital Subhash Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Roomani Srivastava
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India, India
| | - S Nithya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
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Gupta P, Maji S, Mehra R. Predictive Modeling of Stress in the Healthcare Industry During COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.4018/ijdsst.315758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There was a substantial medicine shortage and an increase in morbidity due to the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. This pandemic has also had a drastic impact on healthcare professionals' psychological health as they were surrounded by suffering, death, and isolation. Healthcare practitioners in North India were sent a self-administered questionnaire based on the COVID-19 Stress Scale (N = 436) from March to May 2021. With 10-fold cross-validation, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) was used to predict the individual stress levels. XGBoost classifier was applied, and classification accuracy was 88%. The results of this research show that approximately 52.6% of healthcare specialists in the dataset exceed the severe psychiatric morbidity standards. Further, to determine which attribute had a significant impact on stress prediction, advanced techniques (SHAP values), and tree explainer were applied. The two most significant stress predictors were found to be medicine shortage and trouble in concentrating.
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Training Practices of Football Players During the Early COVID-19 Lockdown Worldwide. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:37-46. [PMID: 36470251 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown challenged the training options of athletes worldwide, including players from the most popular sport globally, football/soccer. PURPOSE The authors explored the training practices of football players worldwide during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS Football players (N = 2482, 30% professional, 22% semipro, and 48% amateur) completed an online survey (May-July 2020) on their training practices before versus during lockdown (March-June 2020). Questions were related to training frequency and session duration, as well as training knowledge and attitudes. RESULTS Before lockdown, more professional (87%) than semipro (67%) and amateur (65%) players trained ≥5 sessions/wk, but this proportion decreased during the lockdown to 55%, 35%, and 42%, respectively. Players (80%-87%) trained ≥60 minutes before lockdown, but this proportion decreased to 45% in professionals, 43% in amateurs, and 36% in semipros during lockdown. At home, more than two-thirds of players had training space (73%) and equipment (66%) for cardiorespiratory training, while availability of equipment for technical and strength training was <50% during lockdown. Interactions between coach/trainer and player were more frequent (ie, daily) among professional (27%) than amateur (11%) and semipro (17%) players. Training load monitoring, albeit limited, was mostly performed by fitness coaches, more so with professionals (35%) than amateurs (13%) and semipros (17%). The players' training knowledge and attitudes/beliefs toward training were relatively modest (50%-59%). CONCLUSION COVID-19 lockdown negatively affected training practices of football players worldwide, especially amateurs and semipros, for example, in training frequency, duration, intensity, technical, recovery, and other fitness training and coaching-related aspects. During lockdown-like situations, players should be monitored closely and provided appropriate support to facilitate their training.
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