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Cong LY, Zhang S, Huang J, Yang W, Lou X, Liu X, Wang N, She Y, Chen K, Zhang S, Pan B, Du P, He X, Diao YJ, Liao Z, Luo S. A Study on the Aesthetic Parameters and Proportions of the External Contour for Minimally Invasive Facial Injection. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-024-04232-6. [PMID: 39046484 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-04232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to further guide the diagnosis and treatment programs for clinical facial contouring with injectable fillers by studying the facial contour parameters and proportion preferences consistent with Asian aesthetics. METHODS A total of 89 subjects (42 males and 47 females aged 20-60 years) who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The subjects were grouped by age, sex, and external contour attractiveness score, and the external contour aesthetic parameters and proportions of the subjects in different groups were measured and analysed. RESULTS The upper facial breadth and lower facial breadth decreased with age, with significant differences between the 50-60-year age group and other age groups (P < 0.01). The nasomental angle showed a decreasing trend with age, with significant differences between the 40-49-year age group and the 20-29-year and 30-39-year age groups (P < 0.05). Males and females were significantly different in calva height, total head height, lower facial height, and calva height to total head height ratio (P < 0.05). With increasing age, the external contour attractiveness scores of males and females both showed decreasing trends, with significant differences between the 50-60-year age group and other age groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The calva height and the cranioauricular angle have a significant impact on external contour attractiveness. In general, temporal depression, cheek sagging, lateral cheek depression, and an ill-defined mandibular border will occur due to ageing, collagen loss, ligament laxity and sagging, and soft tissue atrophy and sagging, reducing the attractiveness of the external contour. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yao Cong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, 510317, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, 510317, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmei Huang
- Sichuan Huamei Zixin Medical Aesthetic Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Beijing Huaxia Medical Beauty Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Lou
- Nanjing Shiguangji Medical Aesthetic Clinic, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Changsha Mylike Medical Aesthetic Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Dalian Meitian Medical Plastic Surgery Hospital, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong She
- Dr. She Yu Hong Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Clinic, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Chen
- Guangzhou Mylike Medical Aesthetic Clinic, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- TianJin Evercare Plastic and Aesthetic Hospital, Tianjin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Pan
- Chongqing Huamei Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chongqing City, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Du
- Imeik Technology Development Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Imeik Technology Development Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jia Diao
- Imeik Technology Development Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Liao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, 510317, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengkang Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, 510317, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Voegeli R, Campiche R, Biassin R, Rawlings AV, Shackelford TK, Fink B. Predictors of female age, health and attractiveness perception from skin feature analysis of digital portraits in five ethnic groups. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:672-687. [PMID: 37338195 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research indicates the impact of skin colour, tone evenness and surface topography on ratings of age, health and attractiveness in women. In addition to subjective assessments, these effects have been quantified with objective measures derived from skin image analysis. Signs of skin ageing may manifest differently across ethnic groups. However, comparisons have been limited to research with two ethnic groups, preventing conclusions about an ethnicity-specific ranking of skin ageing signs. METHODS We report results from a multi-ethnic and multi-centre study in which faces of women (n = 180; aged 20-69 years) from five ethnic groups were imaged. Facial images were rated for age, health and attractiveness by members of the same ethnic group (each n = 120). Digital image analysis was used to quantify skin colour, gloss, tone evenness and wrinkling/sagging. We assessed associations between face ratings and skin image measurements in the total sample (i.e. all ethnic groups) and separately by ethnicity. RESULTS Skin image analysis revealed differences between ethnic groups, including skin colour, gloss, tone evenness, wrinkling and sagging. Differences in the relative predictive utility of individual skin features in accounting for ratings of age, health and attractiveness also were observed between ethnic groups. Facial wrinkling and sagging were the best predictors of face ratings in each ethnic group, with some differences in the type (or predictive magnitude) of skin features. CONCLUSION The current findings corroborate previous reports of differences between ethnic groups in female facial skin and indicate differential effects of skin features on ratings of age, health and attractiveness, within and between ethnic groups. Facial wrinkling and sagging were the best predictors of age and attractiveness ratings, and skin tone evenness and gloss had an additional role in ratings of health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernhard Fink
- Biosocial Science Information, Biedermannsdorf, Austria
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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