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Zheng X, Neeraj D, Zhu Q, Zhang Y, Li T, Yang W, Guan N. Latent profile analysis of vitamin D and its association with depression severity of hospitalized patients with bipolar depression. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38808700 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2339739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D is thought to be deficient in patients with bipolar disorder. The purpose of this study is to use latent profile analysis to identify the patterns of vitamin D levels in patients with episodes of bipolar depression, and to examine the relationship among these latent profiles and demographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS A total of 149 patients diagnosed with bipolar depression were selected in Guangzhou, China. Depression was evaluated by Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels tested at baseline and after two weeks of psychiatric treatment were included in the latent profile analysis to identify subgroups. P-trend analysis was used to assess the association between subgroups and depression improvement. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influencing factors of subgroups. RESULTS A three-profiles solution was found to demonstrate the best fit [low-level profile (32.9%), medium-level profile (51.0%), and high-level profile (16.1%)]. There was a significant nonlinear relationship between depression improvement and vitamin D high-level profile, compared to medium-level profile (P for trend <0.05). In multinomial logistic regression analysis, baseline and post-treatment SDS scores, admission season, age, and body mass index significantly affect the profile membership. CONCLUSIONS This study found that individuals with high levels of vitamin D showed a significant improvement in depression severity. However, those with low levels of vitamin D remained deficient, indicating a need for targeted vitamin D supplementation. Our findings may provide valuable insights for designing tailored vitamin D supplement interventions to address vitamin D deficiency in bipolar depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiabing Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bipolar Disorder, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dhondee Neeraj
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Geriatric, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weirui Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianhong Guan
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yazarlou F, Alizadeh F, Lipovich L, Giordo R, Ghafouri-Fard S. Tracing vitamins on the long non-coding lane of the transcriptome: vitamin regulation of LncRNAs. GENES & NUTRITION 2024; 19:5. [PMID: 38475720 PMCID: PMC10935982 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-024-00739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A major revelation of genome-scale biological studies in the post-genomic era has been that two-thirds of human genes do not encode proteins. The majority of non-coding RNA transcripts in humans are long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules, non-protein-coding regulatory transcripts with sizes greater than 500 nucleotides. LncRNAs are involved in nearly every aspect of cellular physiology, playing fundamental regulatory roles both in normal cells and in disease. As result, they are functionally linked to multiple human diseases, from cancer to autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurological disorders. Numerous human conditions and diseases stem from gene-environment interactions; in this regard, a wealth of reports demonstrate that the intake of specific and essential nutrients, including vitamins, shapes our transcriptome, with corresponding impacts on health. Vitamins command a vast array of biological activities, acting as coenzymes, antioxidants, hormones, and regulating cellular proliferation and coagulation. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamins and lncRNAs are interconnected through several regulatory axes. This type of interaction is expected, since lncRNA has been implicated in sensing the environment in eukaryotes, conceptually similar to riboswitches and other RNAs that act as molecular sensors in prokaryotes. In this review, we summarize the peer-reviewed literature to date that has reported specific functional linkages between vitamins and lncRNAs, with an emphasis on mammalian models and humans, while providing a brief overview of the source, metabolism, and function of the vitamins most frequently investigated within the context of lncRNA molecular mechanisms, and discussing the published research findings that document specific connections between vitamins and lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yazarlou
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leonard Lipovich
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics, and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Shenzhen Huayuan Biological Science Research Institute, Shenzhen Huayuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 601 Building C1, Guangming Science Park, Fenghuang Street, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3222 Scott Hall, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, Sassari, 07100, Italy.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xiao Y, Yin S, Bai Y, Wang J, Cui J, Yang Y, Wang J. A positive association between food insecurity and the prevalence of overactive bladder in U.S. adults. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1329687. [PMID: 38370980 PMCID: PMC10870421 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1329687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to examine the correlation between overactive bladder (OAB) and food insecurity. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing extensive population data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. The status of Household food insecurity is evaluated by the US Food Security Survey Module. To explore the relationship between food insecurity and OAB, three multivariable logistic regression models were carried out. Additionally, interaction and stratified analyses were also performed to find whether some factors have the potential to alter the correlation. Results There were 29,129 participants enrolled in the study. Compared to the other three groups, individuals with full food security exhibited a lower proportion of nocturia, urinary urgency incontinence, and OAB. In the fully-adjusted model, it was found that people experiencing food insecurity have a significantly higher prevalence of OAB compared to those with food security in the fully-adjusted model (OR = 1.540, 95%CI 1.359-1.745). Additionally, there was a significant association between the levels of food insecurity and an increased risk of OAB prevalence was also observed (marginal food security: OR = 1.312, low food security: OR = 1.559, and very low food security: OR = 1.759). No significant interaction was seen in the fully-adjusted model. Conclusion There is a strong positive correlation between food insecurity and the prevalence of OAB. Similarly, the correlation between levels of food insecurity and OAB also indicates the same trend. Namely, the more insecure food, the higher risk of OAB prevalence in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yunjin Bai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianwei Cui
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kiewa J, Meltzer-Brody S, Milgrom J, Guintivano J, Hickie IB, Whiteman DC, Olsen CM, Medland SE, Martin NG, Wray NR, Byrne EM. Comprehensive Sex-Stratified Genetic Analysis of 28 Blood Biomarkers and Depression Reveals a Significant Association between Depression and Low Levels of Total Protein in Females. Complex Psychiatry 2024; 10:19-34. [PMID: 38584764 PMCID: PMC10997320 DOI: 10.1159/000538058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Major depression (MD) is more common amongst women than men, and MD episodes have been associated with fluctuations in reproductive hormones amongst women. To investigate biological underpinnings of heterogeneity in MD, the associations between depression, stratified by sex and including perinatal depression (PND), and blood biomarkers, using UK Biobank (UKB) data, were evaluated, and extended to include the association of depression with biomarker polygenic scores (PGS), generated as proxy for each biomarker. Method Using female (N = 39,761) and male (N = 38,821) UKB participants, lifetime MD and PND were tested for association with 28 blood biomarkers. A GWAS was conducted for each biomarker and genetic correlations with depression subgroups were estimated. Using independent data from the Australian Genetics of Depression Study, PGS were constructed for each biomarker, and tested for association with depression status (n [female cases/controls] = 9,006/6,442; n [male cases/controls] = 3,106/6,222). Regions of significant local genetic correlation between depression subgroups and biomarkers highlighted by the PGS analysis were identified. Results Depression in females was significantly associated with levels of twelve biomarkers, including total protein (OR = 0.90, CI = [0.86, 0.94], p = 3.9 × 10-6) and vitamin D (OR = 0.94, CI = [0.90, 0.97], p = 2.6 × 10-4), and PND with five biomarker levels, also including total protein (OR = 0.88, CI = [0.81, 0.96], p = 4.7 × 10-3). Depression in males was significantly associated with levels of eleven biomarkers. In the independent Australian Genetics of Depression Study, PGS analysis found significant associations for female depression and PND with total protein (female depression: OR = 0.93, CI = [0.88, 0.98], p = 3.6 × 10-3; PND: OR = 0.91, CI = [0.86, 0.96], p = 1.1 × 10-3), as well as with vitamin D (female depression: OR = 0.93, CI = [0.89, 0.97], p = 2.0 × 10-3; PND: OR = 0.92, CI = [0.87, 0.97], p = 1.4 × 10-3). The male depression sample did not report any significant results, and the point estimate of total protein (OR = 0.98, CI = [0.92-1.04], p = 4.7 × 10-1) did not indicate any association. Local genetic correlation analysis highlighted significant genetic correlation between PND and total protein, located in 5q13.3 (rG = 0.68, CI = [0.33, 1.0], p = 3.6 × 10-4). Discussion and Conclusion Multiple lines of evidence from genetic analysis highlight an association between total serum protein levels and depression in females. Further research involving prospective measurement of total protein and depressive symptoms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Kiewa
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Jeannette Milgrom
- Parent-Infant Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jerry Guintivano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Sarah E. Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Naomi R. Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enda M. Byrne
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Ciobanu AM, Petrescu C, Anghele C, Manea MC, Ciobanu CA, Petrescu DM, Antonia MO, Riga S. Severe Vitamin D Deficiency-A Possible Cause of Resistance to Treatment in Psychiatric Pathology. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2056. [PMID: 38138159 PMCID: PMC10744484 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, vitamin D functions have been studied progressively, and along with their main role in regulating calcium homeostasis, the potential function in the nervous system and the link between different psychiatric disorders and vitamin D deficiency have been revealed. The discovery of vitamin D receptors in multiple brain structures, like the hippocampus, led to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency could be responsible for treatment resistance in psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the current knowledge in the literature regarding vitamin D deficiency among individuals afflicted with psychiatric disorders and assess the potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D supplementation. A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed database for articles published in the last five years (2016-2022) in English, focusing on human subjects. Results show that vitamin D deficiency has implications for numerous psychiatric disorders, affecting mood and behavior through its influence on neurotransmitter release, neurotrophic factors, and neuroprotection. It also plays a role in modulating inflammation, which is often elevated in psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and has far-reaching implications for mental health. This review underscores the importance of exploring the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with psychiatric disorders and highlights the need for further research in this complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Petrescu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Anghele
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costin Manea
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Diana Mihaela Petrescu
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihalache Oana Antonia
- Neurology Clinic, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorin Riga
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
- Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, 927180 Bucharest, Romania
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Leser B, Dalkner N, Tmava-Berisha A, Fellendorf FT, Unterrainer HF, Stross T, Maget A, Platzer M, Bengesser SA, Häussl A, Zwigl I, Birner A, Queissner R, Stix K, Wels L, Schönthaler EMD, Lenger M, Schwerdtfeger AR, Zelzer S, Herrmann M, Reininghaus EZ. The Influence of Vitamin D Status on Cognitive Ability in Patients with Bipolar Disorder and Healthy Controls. Nutrients 2023; 15:4111. [PMID: 37836395 PMCID: PMC10574501 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence on the association between vitamin D and cognition in mentally healthy individuals is inconsistent. Furthermore, the link between vitamin D and cognitive ability in individuals with bipolar disorder has not been studied yet. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 24,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D, the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) and cognition in a cohort of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Vitamin D metabolites were measured simultaneously by liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry in serum samples from 86 outpatients with bipolar disorder and 93 healthy controls. Neither the inactive precursor 25(OH)D, nor the primary vitamin D catabolite 24,25(OH)2D, or the vitamin D metabolite ratio were significantly associated with the domains "attention", "memory", or "executive function" in individuals with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. Further, no vitamin D deficiency effect or interaction group × vitamin D deficiency was found in the cognitive domain scores. In summary, the present study does not support vitamin D metabolism as a modulating factor of cognitive function in euthymic BD patients. Considering the current study's cross-sectional design, future research should expand these results in a longitudinal setting and include additional aspects of mental health, such as manic or depressive symptoms, long-term illness course and psychopharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Leser
- Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.L.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Adelina Tmava-Berisha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Frederike T. Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | | | - Tatjana Stross
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Alexander Maget
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Martina Platzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Susanne A. Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Alfred Häussl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Ina Zwigl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Armin Birner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Robert Queissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Katharina Stix
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Linda Wels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Elena M. D. Schönthaler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Melanie Lenger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
| | | | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Eva Z. Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.T.-B.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (E.M.D.S.); (M.L.); (E.Z.R.)
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Zielińska M, Łuszczki E, Dereń K. Dietary Nutrient Deficiencies and Risk of Depression (Review Article 2018-2023). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112433. [PMID: 37299394 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is classified as one of the most common mental disorders. Its prevalence has recently increased, becoming a growing public health threat. This review focuses on clarifying the role and importance of individual nutrients in the diet and the impact of nutrient deficiencies on the risk of depression. Deficiencies in nutrients such as protein, B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids have a significant impact on brain and nervous system function, which can affect the appearance of depressive symptoms. However, it is important to remember that diet in itself is not the only factor influencing the risk of or helping to treat depression. There are many other aspects, such as physical activity, sleep, stress management, and social support, that also play an important role in maintaining mental health. The data review observed that most of the available analyses are based on cross-sectional studies. Further studies, including prospective cohort, case-control studies, are recommended to draw more reliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zielińska
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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8
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Bucurica S, Prodan I, Pavalean M, Taubner C, Bucurica A, Socol C, Calin R, Ionita-Radu F, Jinga M. Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency with Pathology in Hospitalized Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050998. [PMID: 36900141 PMCID: PMC10000859 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most common medical conditions, with approximately one billion people having low vitamin D levels. Vitamin D is associated with a pleiotropic effect (immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiviral), which can be essential for a better immune response. The aim of this research was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in hospitalized patients focusing on demographic parameters as well as assessing the possibility of its associations with different comorbidities. Of 11,182 Romanian patients evaluated in the study over 2 years, 28.83% had vitamin D deficiency, 32.11% insufficiency and 39.05% had optimal vitamin D levels. The vitamin D deficiency was associated with cardiovascular disorders, malignancies, dysmetabolic disorders and SARS-CoV2 infection, older age and the male sex. Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent and showed pathology association, while insufficiency of vitamin D (20-30 ng/mL) had lower statistical relevance and represents a grey zone in vitamin D status. Guidelines and recommendations are necessary for homogeneity of the monitoring and management of inadequately vitamin D status in the risk categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandica Bucurica
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Prodan
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pavalean
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina Taubner
- Medical Analysis Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Bucurica
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Calin Socol
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Calin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pucioasa City Hospital, 135400 Pucioasa, Romania
| | - Florentina Ionita-Radu
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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9
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Kaviani M, Nikooyeh B, Etesam F, Behnagh SJ, Kangarani HM, Arefi M, Yaghmaei P, Neyestani TR. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and some selected pro-inflammatory biomarkers: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:694. [PMID: 36368945 PMCID: PMC9651884 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both augmented inflammatory reaction and low vitamin D status are associated with depression but the magnitude of their relationships is unclear. This study was, therefore, conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH)D concentration, depression severity and some pro-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with mild to moderate depression. METHODS An 8-week double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) was performed on 56 (18-60 yrs) patients with mild to moderate depression, randomly assigned to intervention (50,000 IU cholecalciferol 2wks-1) and control (placebo) groups. Serum 25(OH)D, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), interlukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depression severity (Beck Depression Inventory-II) (BDI-II)) were initially and finally assessed. RESULTS At the end point, statistically significant changes were observed only in intervention group as compared with controls including increased 25(OH)D concentration (+ 40.83 ± 28.57 vs. + 5.14 ± 23.44 nmol L-1, P < 0.001) and decreased depression severity (-11.75 ± 6.40 vs. -3.61 ± 10.40, P = 0.003). No significant within- or between group differences were observed in serum IL-1β, IL-6 and hs-CRP concentrations. CONCLUSION Increased circulating 25(OH)D concentrations following 8-week vitamin D supplementation (50,000 IU 2wks-1) resulted in a significant decrease in BDI-II scores in patients with mild to moderate depression. However, this effect was independent of the serum concentrations of the studied inflammatory biomarkers. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial registration code was obtained from the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (date of registration: 17/09/2018, registration number: IRCT20170926036425N1) and ClinicalTrials.gov (date of registration: 04/12/2018, registration number: NCT03766074).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Kaviani
- grid.419697.40000 0000 9489 4252Department of Science Translation and Public Food and Nutrition Education, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, No.7- Shahid Hafezi (West Arghavan) St., Farahzadi Blvd., Sanat Sq. Shahrak Qods (Gharb), Tehran, 1981619573 Iran
| | - Bahareh Nikooyeh
- grid.419697.40000 0000 9489 4252Laboratory of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, No.7- Shahid Hafezi (West Arghavan) St., Farahzadi Blvd, Sanat Sq. Shahrak Qods (Gharb), Tehran, 1981619573 Iran
| | - Farnaz Etesam
- grid.414574.70000 0004 0369 3463Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tohid Sq, Tehran, 1419733141 Iran
| | | | | | | | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Daneshgah Blvd, Simon Bulivar Blvd, Tehran, 1477893855 Iran
| | - Tirang R. Neyestani
- grid.419697.40000 0000 9489 4252Laboratory of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, No.7- Shahid Hafezi (West Arghavan) St., Farahzadi Blvd, Sanat Sq. Shahrak Qods (Gharb), Tehran, 1981619573 Iran
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10
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Seiler N, Tsiglopoulos J, Keem M, Das S, Waterdrinker A. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among psychiatric inpatients: a systematic review. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2022; 26:330-336. [PMID: 36469622 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2021.2022701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with worse physical and mental health outcomes. Low vitamin D levels are more common among people who experience mental health issues. This is particularly vital due to the outdoor restrictions which arose from the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review assessed vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among psychiatric inpatients.Methods: A literature search was performed using the key words 'vitamin D', 'mental health', 'mental illness' and 'inpatient' and articles were selected by two independent reviewers. Eighteen studies were identified as eligible according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Vitamin D deficiency (29 - 96%) and insufficiency (20 - 63%) were common among psychiatric inpatients. Over half of the studies recommended or advised consideration of vitamin D level screening among psychiatric inpatients, while nine recommended consideration of vitamin D supplementation.Conclusions: Screening for vitamin D deficiency during psychiatric admission may be clinically indicated and improve patient wellbeing and outcomes.Key pointsLow vitamin D levels are very common among people admitted to inpatient mental health services.Vitamin D level screening upon inpatient psychiatric admission is warranted to optimise general health outcomes.Vitamin D supplementation should be considered among inpatients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Seiler
- Northern Hospital, Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan Tsiglopoulos
- Northern Hospital, Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Keem
- Northern Area Mental Health Service, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Subhash Das
- Northern Area Mental Health Service, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Fondjo LA, Osei O, Owiredu WKBA, Obirikorang C, Senu E, Owusu‐Antwi R, Brefo EFJ. Assessment of vitamin D levels and adipokines mediated obesity among psychiatric patients on treatment and treatment naïve: A comparative cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e858. [PMID: 36248351 PMCID: PMC9547132 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Antipsychotic treatment may contribute to low vitamin D levels and have impact on direct anti-inflammatory activity such as adiponectin activity and indirect proinflammatory activity such as leptin and resistin activity. However, vitamin D levels and adipokines mediated effect on weight gain and increased adiposity are not well evaluated. This study, therefore, assessed vitamin D and adipokines-mediated obesity among Ghanaian psychiatric patients. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at psychiatric unit of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. Anthropometric measurements, sociodemographic and previous medical history were taken from 300 antipsychotics treatment naïve and active patients. Obesity was classified using World Health Organization (WHO) body mass index (BMI)-specific cut-offs. Blood samples were collected for serum vitamin D and adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism version 8.0. Results We observed higher prevalence of obesity among treatment active psychiatric patients (40.7%) compared to treatment naïve group (16.8%). Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency prevalence were significantly higher among the treatment active group (25.3%; 39.5%; p < 0.001) and associated with increased odds of obesity (91.8%; cOR = 91.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.94-338.13). Moreover, adiponectin (84.2%: cOR = 14.15, 95% CI: 5.52-36.27), leptin (55.6% cOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.04-4.67), and resistin (79.4%: cOR = -8.34, 95% CI: 3.39-20.55) were significantly associated with increased odds of obesity among treatment active psychiatric. Furthermore, treatment active psychiatric patients exhibited inverse correlation for adiponectin and leptin with BMI (r = -0.62; -0.24), and WHtR (r = -0.53; -0.24); however, a moderate positive correlation for resistin with BMI (r = 0.80), HC (r = 0.67), and WHtR (r = 0.65). Conclusion Obesity is more prevalent in psychiatric patients on antipsychotics such as Olanzapine and Clozapine. Obesity among treatment active psychiatric patients is associated with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, low adiponectin and leptin levels but higher resistin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A. Fondjo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Olivia Osei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - William K. B. A. Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Ebenezer Senu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Ruth Owusu‐Antwi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, KATHKumasiGhana,Psychiatry DepartmentKomfo Anokye Teaching HospitalKumasiGhana
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12
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Banjac Baljak V, Mihajlovic G, Zivlak-Radulovic N, Nezic L, Miskovic M, Banjac V. Association between Vitamin D and Cognitive Deficiency in Alcohol Dependence. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091772. [PMID: 36141384 PMCID: PMC9498855 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There are still not enough findings to elucidate how exactly alcohol use impairs cognitive abilities. Some studies have shown that there is a link between alcohol intake and vitamin D levels, but these findings are inconsistent so further research is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and cognitive impairment in alcohol-dependent individuals. A case-control study was carried out including a total of N = 132 respondents with a medical history of alcoholism, and healthy volunteers. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa) and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) screening tools were used for cognitive status assessment and serum vitamin D levels analysis (blood samples of respondents). Significant difference (p = 0.022), was found in vitamin D levels in the alcohol-dependent group with cognitive deficiency 13.7 ± 9.4 (ng/mL), alcohol-dependent group without cognitive deficiency 19.5 ± 11.2 (ng/mL) and healthy controls 19.9 ± 11.1 (ng/mL), respectively. Furthermore, vitamin D levels were significantly different across all groups based on MoCa (p = 0.016) and ACE-R (p = 0.004) scores. All three groups exhibited vitamin D deficiency. A significant correlation was found between vitamin D deficiency and cognitive impairment, but it yielded no significant difference in alcohol-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visnja Banjac Baljak
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, 78 000 Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +387-65-462-496
| | - Goran Mihajlovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34 000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nera Zivlak-Radulovic
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, 78 000 Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lana Nezic
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirjana Miskovic
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, 78 000 Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Banjac
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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13
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Alharbi AR, Alali AS, Samman Y, Alghamdi NA, Albaradie O, Almaghrabi M, Makkawi S, Alghamdi S, Alzahrani MS, Alsalmi M, Karamyan VT, Al Sulaiman K, Aljuhani O, Alamri FF. Vitamin D serum level predicts stroke clinical severity, functional independence, and disability—A retrospective cohort study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:951283. [PMID: 35968390 PMCID: PMC9363625 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.951283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability and one of the most common neurological conditions globally. Many studies focused on vitamin D as a stroke risk factor, but only a few focused on its serum level as a predictor of stroke initial clinical severity and recovery with inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and stroke clinical severity at admission and functional independence and disability at discharge in Saudi Arabia.MethodologyA retrospective cohort study of adult ischemic stroke patients who had their vitamin D tested and admitted within 7 days of exhibiting stroke symptoms at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Based on vitamin D level, the patients were categorized into normal [25(OH)D serum level ≥ 75 nmol/L], insufficient [25(OH)D serum level is 50–75 nmol/L], and deficient [25(OH)D serum level ≤ 50 nmol/L]. The primary outcome was to assess the vitamin D serum level of ischemic stroke patients’ clinical severity at admission and functional independence at discharge. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the clinical severity, whereas the modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to assess functional independence and disability.ResultsThe study included 294 stroke patients, out of 774, who were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean age of the participants was 68.2 ± 13.4 years, and 49.3% were male. The patients’ distribution among the three groups based on their vitamin D levels is: normal (n = 35, 11.9%), insufficient (n = 66, 22.5%), and deficient (n = 196, 65.6%). After adjusting for potential covariates, regression analysis found a significant inverse relationship of NIHSS based on 25(OH)D serum level (beta coefficient: −0.04, SE: 0.01, p = 0.003). Patients with deficient serum vitamin D level also had significantly higher odds of worse functional independence in mRS score [OR: 2.41, 95%CI: (1.13–5.16), p = 0.023] when compared to participants with normal vitamin D level.ConclusionLow vitamin D levels were associated with higher severity of stroke at admission and poor functional independence and disability at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Further randomized clinical and interventional studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah R. Alharbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer S. Alali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Samman
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions (KSAU-HS), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf A. Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Albaradie
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions (KSAU-HS), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maan Almaghrabi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seraj Makkawi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsalmi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vardan T. Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Khalid Al Sulaiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Critical Care Pharmacy Research (SCAPE) Platform, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud Aljuhani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal F. Alamri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions (KSAU-HS), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Faisal F. Alamri,
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14
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Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk Factors Related to Acute Psychiatric Relapses in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Preliminary Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080973. [PMID: 35892414 PMCID: PMC9329760 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that vitamin (Vit) D deficiency is frequent in psychiatric patients, regardless of diagnostic category. We aimed to assess whether acute psychiatric relapses in inpatients was associated with Vit D deficiency compared to stabilized outpatients. The cohort (152 total patients, 75 males and 77 females) had a mean age of 47.3 ± 14.4 years at admission and was grouped according to psychiatric diagnosis. Psychopathological symptom severity was assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), a multidimensional symptom inventory. Total calcium serum levels were measured using standard laboratory methods, while plasma levels of 25-OH-Vit D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured by automated chemiluminescence immunoassays. The psychiatric inpatient subgroup showed a significant difference in serum levels of 25-OH-Vit D and PTH (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis between serum levels of 25-OH-Vit D and BPRS total and subitem scores indicated a significantly negative relationship. In addition, linear regression analysis evidenced that the inpatient condition might predict low PTH and 25-OH-Vit D serum levels. Hospitalized psychiatric patients are at increased risk for Vit D deficiency regardless of their diagnostic categories. The mechanism underlying the association between acute psychiatric relapses and Vit D deficiency remains unclear. Therefore, screening for Vit D deficiency should pertain to the health assessment of patients with major psychiatric disorders.
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15
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Al Anouti F, Thomas J, Karras S, El Asswad N. Outdoor Activity in the Daytime, but Not the Nighttime, Predicts Better Mental Health Status During the COVID-19 Curfew in the United Arab Emirates. Front Public Health 2022; 10:829362. [PMID: 35444992 PMCID: PMC9013851 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.829362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated infection prevention and control measures had a negative impact on the mental health of many people. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), infection control measures implemented after March 24th, 2020, placed necessary restrictions on people's freedom of movement. Aim This study aimed to assess the association between levels of daytime vs. nighttime outdoor activity and mental health among a sample of UAE residents during the lockdown period. Method An opportunity sample of 245 participants completed an online survey assessing levels of depression, somatic symptoms, daytime and nighttime activity levels. Results Multivariate logistic regression revealed that daytime activity, but not nighttime activity, was associated with a lower risk of clinically significant depressive and somatic symptomatology. Conclusion The association of better mental health with daytime not nighttime outdoor activity could be possibly attributed to vitamin D, but further studies are needed to confirm this speculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Fatme Al Anouti
| | - Justin Thomas
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Spyridon Karras
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nour El Asswad
- School of Global Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Abolghasemi A, Manca C, Iannotti FA, Shen M, Leblanc N, Lacroix S, Martin C, Flamand N, Di Marzo V, Silvestri C. Assessment of the Effects of Dietary Vitamin D Levels on Olanzapine-Induced Metabolic Side Effects: Focus on the Endocannabinoidome-Gut Microbiome Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12361. [PMID: 34830242 PMCID: PMC8620071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with poor mental health and dysmetabolism. Several metabolic abnormalities are associated with psychotic diseases, which can be compounded by atypical antipsychotics that induce weight gain and insulin resistance. These side-effects may be affected by vitamin D levels. The gut microbiota and endocannabinoidome (eCBome) are significant regulators of both metabolism and mental health, but their role in the development of atypical antipsychotic drug metabolic side-effects and their interaction with vitamin D status is unknown. We studied the effects of different combinations of vitamin D levels and atypical antipsychotic drug (olanzapine) exposure on whole-body metabolism and the eCBome-gut microbiota axis in female C57BL/6J mice under a high fat/high sucrose (HFHS) diet in an attempt to identify a link between the latter and the different metabolic outputs induced by the treatments. Olanzapine exerted a protective effect against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, largely independent of dietary vitamin D status. These changes were concomitant with olanzapine-mediated decreases in Trpv1 expression and increases in the levels of its agonists, including various N-acylethanolamines and 2-monoacylglycerols, which are consistent with the observed improvement in adiposity and metabolic status. Furthermore, while global gut bacteria community architecture was not altered by olanzapine, we identified changes in the relative abundances of various commensal bacterial families. Taken together, changes of eCBome and gut microbiota families under our experimental conditions might contribute to olanzapine and vitamin D-mediated inhibition of weight gain in mice on a HFHS diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Abolghasemi
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Claudia Manca
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Fabio A. Iannotti
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Council of Research (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), 80087 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Melissa Shen
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sébastien Lacroix
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Cyril Martin
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Council of Research (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), 80087 Pozzuoli, Italy;
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de L’alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Centre de Recherche, l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (A.A.); (C.M.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (S.L.); (C.M.); (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the National Research Council (CNR) of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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17
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Yang L, Zhao H, Liu K, Wang Y, Liu Q, Sun T, Chen S, Ren L. Smoking behavior and circulating vitamin D levels in adults: A meta-analysis. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5820-5832. [PMID: 34646549 PMCID: PMC8497833 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the effect of smoking on circulating vitamin D in adults, we performed a meta-analysis. Literature before 9 May 2021 was retrieved from electronic literature databases such as EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two researchers against the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and JBI Evidence-based Health Care Centre criteria. All eligible studies and statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14. Twenty-four studies with 11,340 participants meeting the criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that the level of circulating 25(OH)D in smokers was lower than that in nonsmokers. A subgroup analysis based on vitamin D supplement use showed that both smokers who used vitamin D supplements and smokers who did not use vitamin D supplements had lower blood 25(OH)D levels compared with the control group. In addition, subjects were divided into different subgroups according to age for meta-analysis, and the results showed that the serum 25(OH)D level in each subgroup of smokers was lower than that in the control group. This meta-analysis revealed differences in circulating vitamin D levels between smokers and nonsmokers, with smokers likely to have lower circulating vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Hang Zhao
- Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Ke Liu
- Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuangChina
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18
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Abed MN, Alassaf FA, Qazzaz ME, Alfahad M, Jasim MHM. Insights into the Perspective Correlation Between Vitamin D and Regulation of Hormones: Thyroid and Parathyroid Hormones. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-021-09279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Nadalin S, Jakovac H, Peitl V, Karlović D, Buretić-Tomljanović A. Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:611. [PMID: 34184073 PMCID: PMC8258463 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and nongenetic factors associated with an increased inflammatory response may mediate a link between severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) and serious mental illness (SMI). However, systematic assessment of inflammatory response‑related factors associated with SMI that could influence COVID‑19 outcomes is lacking. In the present review, dietary patterns, smoking and the use of psychotropic medications are discussed as potential extrinsic risk factors and angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphisms are considered as potential intrinsic risk factors. A genetics‑based prediction model for SMI using ACE‑I/D genotyping is also proposed for use in patients experiencing severe COVID‑19. Furthermore, the literature suggests that ACE inhibitors may have protective effects against SMI or severe COVID‑19, which is often linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular comorbidities. For this reason, we hypothesize that using these medications to treat patients with severe COVID‑19 might yield improved outcomes, including in the context of SMI associated with COVID‑19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Nadalin
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Jakovac
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center and Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center and Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alena Buretić-Tomljanović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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20
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Food for thought: the importance of nutritional well-being during COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med 2021:1-6. [PMID: 33455607 PMCID: PMC7900659 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2021.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with mental illness have poorer physical health, nutritional status, and lowered life expectancy. Optimising their physical and nutritional status has become an increasingly important therapeutic goal. Current experience with COVID-19 has further emphasised the susceptibility to physical illness and poorer outcomes amongst individuals with mental illness and those who are nutritionally compromised. Although life as we knew it has been suspended until the widespread roll-out of a vaccine, individuals can take immediate action to improve physical and mental health by attending to and optimising their nutritional well-being. Clinicians within mental health services have a crucial role to play in assisting such change, and reminding their patients of the importance of pursuing a healthy and balanced diet.
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21
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Lisi G, Ribolsi M, Siracusano A, Niolu C. Maternal Vitamin D and its Role in Determining Fetal Origins of Mental Health. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2497-2509. [PMID: 32370709 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200506093858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that mental health disorders may have roots in fetal life and are associated with deficiencies in various micronutrients, including vitamin D. During pregnancy, vitamin D balance is influenced by an increase in maternal calcitriol and a substantial increase in maternal Vitamin D Binding Protein concentrations. In the early stages of life, vitamin D is necessary to mediate numerous brain processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. Furthermore, Vitamin D has a recognized anti-inflammatory activity that normally suppresses inflammation. Increased activation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and inflammation during gestation may influence maternal health and fetal neurodevelopment during and beyond pregnancy. A deficit of Vitamin D and maternal stressful events during gestation, such as perinatal depression, could influence the efficacy of the immune system altering its activity. Vitamin D deficiency during gestation associated with a reduction in fetal brain development has been widely described and correlated with alteration in the production of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor. To this regard, many studies highlights that low maternal vitamin D dosage during gestation has been related to a significantly greater risk to develop schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses in later life. The objective of this paper is a comprehensive overview of maternal vitamin D balance in determining the fetal origins of mental health with some references to the link between vitamin D levels, inflammatory responses to stress and mental disorders in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lisi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Mental Health, ASL ROMA 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
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22
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Moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST are independent risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency in β-thalassemia patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21164. [PMID: 33273639 PMCID: PMC7712832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous problematic disorders such as vitamin D (Vit-D) deficiency subsequent to large iron loading can be developed in patients with β-thalassemia. The study aimed to estimate Vit-D insufficiency and its risk factors in patients with β-thalassemia. In this multicenter and observational study, all β-thalassemia patients, who referred to 14 hospital-based thalassemia divisions or clinics in Mazandaran province, Iran were included in the study. The data belong to December 2015 until December 2019. The study population was made of transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) patients. Serum levels of 25-OHD3 have been measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method as ng/mL. Demographic and clinical information along with some biological tests, as well as the results of T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed. Of 1959 registered patients, 487 (24.9%) patients had Vit-D-related data. The prevalence of Vit-D insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL) was 41.9, 95% CI 37.5–46.3. The adjusted risks of moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST (aspartate aminotransferase) for Vit-D insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL) were 2.31, 95% CI 1.38–3.89 and 2.62, 95% CI 1.43–4.79, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the predictive accuracy of ferritin for Vit-D insufficiency status was 0.61, 95% CI 0.54–0.68 with a cutoff point of 1,078 ng/mL (P = 0.03, sensitivity 67%, specificity 49%, positive predictive value [PPV] 47% and negative predictive value [NPV] 68%). In spite of the national programs for treating Vit-D deficiency and our previous efforts for giving supplements to all patients, Vit-D insufficiency/deficiency is still common in our patients. Also, moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST were the independent risk factors for the Vit-D insufficiency.
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23
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Di Nicola M, Dattoli L, Moccia L, Pepe M, Janiri D, Fiorillo A, Janiri L, Sani G. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and psychological distress symptoms in patients with affective disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 122:104869. [PMID: 32956989 PMCID: PMC7489337 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to stress worldwide, especially in vulnerable people like those suffering from mental illness. This study aims to investigate the psychological distress perceived by a cohort of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Bipolar Disorder (BD) after a seven-week period of lockdown measures, and to analyze serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels as a potential predictor of distress severity. METHODS Fifty-nine remitted MDD and fifty-three euthymic BD patients were enrolled. An online dedicated survey was administered to obtain lockdown-related information and to evaluate COVID-19 related distress by using the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Patients' medical records were reviewed to collect sociodemographic and clinical data, including serum 25(OH)D levels dosed in the three months preceding the outbreak. A multivariate general linear model was adopted to test the effect of factors of interest on psychological distress. RESULTS In our sample (n = 112), 29 subjects (25.9 %) reported no likelihood of psychological distress, whereas 35 (31.2 %) and 48 (42.9 %) displayed mild and moderate-to-severe likelihood of psychological distress, respectively. Low serum 25(OH)D levels (p = 0.005) and MDD diagnosis (p = 0.001) specifically predicted the severity of psychological distress. Living alone during the lockdown, a longer duration of illness, and smoking habits were more frequently detected in subjects with COVID-19 related distress. CONCLUSIONS Low serum 25(OH)D levels and MDD diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerability to the stressful impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Our results suggest that vitamin D may represent a biological factor mediating the psychological response to stress in individuals with affective disorders and provide further insight into tailoring intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Di Nicola
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigi Dattoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pepe
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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24
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Jahrami H, Bragazzi NL, Grant WB, AlFarra HSM, AlFara WSM, Mashalla S, Saif Z. Vitamin D Doses from Solar Ultraviolet and Dietary Intakes in Patients with Depression: Results of a Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092587. [PMID: 32858873 PMCID: PMC7551208 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study to estimate cumulative vitamin D doses from solar ultraviolet and dietary intakes in patients with depression and compare it to healthy controls. Using a case-control research design, a sample of 96 patients with depression were age- and sex-matched with 96 healthy controls. Dietary vitamin D dose was estimated from diet analysis. Vitamin D-weighted ultraviolet solar doses were estimated from action spectrum conversion factors and geometric conversion factors accounting for the skin type, the fraction of body exposed, and age factor. Patients with depression had a lower dose of vitamin D (IU) per day with 234, 153, and 81 per day from all sources, sunlight exposure, and dietary intake, respectively. Controls had a higher intake of vitamin D (IU) per day with 357, 270, and 87 per day from all sources, sunlight exposure, and dietary intake, respectively. Only 19% and 30% met the minimum daily recommended dose of ≥400 IU per day for cases and controls, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, percentage correctly classified and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) Area for the estimated vitamin D against serum vitamin D as reference were 100%, 79%, 80%, and 89%. Physical activity level was the only predictor of daily vitamin D dose. Vitamin D doses are lower than the recommended dose of ≥400 IU (10 mcg) per day for both cases with depression and healthy controls, being much lower in the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain, P.O. Box 12 Manama, Bahrain; (H.S.M.A.); (W.S.M.A.); (S.M.); (Z.S.)
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, P.O. Box 26671 Manama, Bahrain
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +97-317-270-637
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - William Burgess Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA;
| | | | | | - Shahla Mashalla
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain, P.O. Box 12 Manama, Bahrain; (H.S.M.A.); (W.S.M.A.); (S.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zahra Saif
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain, P.O. Box 12 Manama, Bahrain; (H.S.M.A.); (W.S.M.A.); (S.M.); (Z.S.)
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25
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di Michele F, Talamo A, Niolu C, Siracusano A. Vitamin D and N-Acetyl Cysteine Supplementation in Treatment-Resistant Depressive Disorder Patients: A General Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2442-2459. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406090051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is often a lifetime disabling mental illness as individuals with
MDD might not benefit from standard-therapy, including both pharmacological and psychosocial interventions.
Novel therapies are, therefore, required.
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It was shown by recent preclinical and clinical studies that the dysfunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission
might be involved in the pathophysiology of MDD. Furthermore, neuroimmune alterations could have a significant
role in the pathogenesis of MDD.
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Vitamin D is a neurosteroid hormone essential for several metabolic processes, immune responses, and for regulating
neurotrophic-neuroprotective processes, neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies have also
shown Vitamin D deficiency in patients with severe psychiatric disorders, including MDD.
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Lately, clinical studies have shown the neuroprotective action of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) through the modulation
of inflammatory pathways and via the modulation of synaptic release of glutamate in cortico-subcortical
brain regions; the cysteine-glutamate antiporter.
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This paper reviews the therapeutic use of Vitamin D and NAC and among individuals with refractory MDD to the
first- line pharmacological interventions, reviewing the clinical studies published in the last decade.
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A detailed summary of the current evidence in this area aims to better inform psychiatrists and general practitioners
on the potential benefits of Vitamin D and NAC supplementation for this disorder.
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Nutraceutical supplementation with Vitamin D and NAC in treatment-resistant MDD patients may be important
not only for improving depressive clinical manifestations but also for their safety and tolerability profile. This is
of great interest, especially considering the need for treating special populations affected by MDD, such as
youngsters and elders. Finally, the nutraceutical approach represents a good choice, considering its better compliance
by the patients compared to traditional psychopharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia di Michele
- Acute Psychiatric Unit, PTV Foundation - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Talamo
- Acute Psychiatric Unit, PTV Foundation - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Acute Psychiatric Unit, PTV Foundation - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Acute Psychiatric Unit, PTV Foundation - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Epilepsy is considered a major serious chronic neurological disorder, characterized by recurrent seizures. It is usually associated with a history of a lesion in the nervous system. Irregular activation of inflammatory molecules in the injured tissue is an important factor in the development of epilepsy. It is unclear how the imbalanced regulation of inflammatory mediators contributes to epilepsy. A recent research goal is to identify interconnected inflammation pathways which may be involved in the development of epilepsy. The clinical use of available antiepileptic drugs is often restricted by their limitations, incidence of several side effects, and drug interactions. So development of new drugs, which modulate epilepsy through novel mechanisms, is necessary. Alternative therapies and diet have recently reported positive treatment outcomes in epilepsy. Vitamin D (Vit D) has shown prophylactic and therapeutic potential in different neurological disorders. So, the aim of current study was to review the associations between different brain inflammatory mediators and epileptogenesis, to strengthen the idea that targeting inflammatory pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat epilepsy. In addition, neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of Vit D in clinical and preclinical studies of epilepsy were reviewed.
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Suganthan N, Kumanan T, Kesavan V, Aravinthan M, Rajeshkannan N. Vitamin D status among postmenopausal osteoporotic women: a hospital based cross-sectional study from Northern Sri Lanka. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:15. [PMID: 32206326 PMCID: PMC7081545 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is common among post-menopausal women and it is important to treat vitamin D deficiency to prevent falls and fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Few studies examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in general population of Sri Lanka but no studies to date done among post-menopausal women with osteoporosis in Sri Lanka. This is the first study in Sri Lanka of such kind conducted to evaluate the serum vitamin D levels among postmenopausal women. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted at the Endocrine Unit, Teaching Hospital Jaffna from January to December 2018. During this period 105 postmenopausal women who registered for bone density assessment were recruited to the study. Data collection was done by investigators and blood sample was taken from each participant by registered nurses and total 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D level (25(OH)-Vit D) was measured by competitive immunoassay with enhanced chemiluminiscence technique, levels were categorized and analysis was done using SPSS 26. Results Mean age of 105 postmenopausal women was 67.7 with minimum 33 and maximum 84 years. Mean total 25(OH)-Vit D was 27.5 (range11.7–52.5 ng/mL). 25(OH)-Vit D levels were adequate in only 36.2% (95%CI: 27–45), 44% had insufficient levels and deficiency was present in 19% (95%CI: 12–27) of postmenopausal women. Among total study participants 20% were vegetarian, 53, 76.2 and 64.8% were consuming milk, fish and egg respectively and 71.4% reported adequate level of sun exposure (> 30 min/day). Commonly reported vitamin D deficiency symptoms include paraesthesia (57.1%), bone-pain (55.2%), easy fatigability (54.3%), malaise (51.4%), muscle cramps (43.8%) and proximal myopathy (40.0%). Nevertheless, comparison of musculoskeletal symptoms between group with sufficient level and group with insufficient and deficient level showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Among 71 participants (66.7%) who completed bone density assessment, 38% (95%CI: 27–49) showed osteoporosis. Vertebral Z score showed a significant correlation with 25(OH)-Vit D level (r-0.252, P-0.03). Conclusion Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is relatively high among the post-menopausal women with a provisional diagnosis of osteoporosis. It is essential to consider vitamin D supplementation when initiating treatment for osteoporosis. Hence, Vitamin D testing is desirable in decision making to treat or not to treat.
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Rhee SJ, Lee H, Ahn YM. Serum Vitamin D Concentrations Are Associated With Depressive Symptoms in Men: The Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:756. [PMID: 32848932 PMCID: PMC7406825 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing evidence of an inverse association between serum vitamin D concentrations and depression, but whether there are sex-specific differences remains controversial. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and specific domains of depressive symptoms by each sex in the Korean general population. METHODS The study sample comprised 820 men and 916 women, aged from 19 to 76, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. Participants completed health interviews and health examinations providing data of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] concentrations, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and certain covariates. Associations were analyzed using negative binomial regression. RESULTS After adjusting for various covariates, the association between log-transformed serum 25(OH)D concentrations and total PHQ-9 scores was statistically significant {incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.93]} only in men. Additionally, the association between log-transformed serum 25(OH)D concentrations and the PHQ-9 cognitive/affective subscore was statistically significant [IRR = 0.56 (95% CI = 0.40-0.80)] only in men. There was no association for the somatic subscore. CONCLUSIONS Serum vitamin D levels were inversely associated with cognitive/affective depressive symptoms only in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Rhee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Min Ahn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
People with bipolar disorder (BD) all too often have suboptimal long-term outcomes with existing treatment options. They experience relapsing episodes of depression and mania and also have interepisodic mood and anxiety symptoms. We need to have a better understanding of the pathophysiology of BD if we are to make progress in improving these outcomes. This chapter will focus on the critical role of mitochondria in human functioning, oxidative stress, and the biological mechanisms of mitochondria in BD. Additionally, this chapter will present the evidence that, at least for some people, BD is a product of mitochondrial dysregulation. We review the modulators of mitochondria, the connection between current BD medication treatments and mitochondria, and additional medications that have theoretical potential to treat BD.
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