Associations Between Resilience, Psychological Well-Being, Work-Related Stress and Covid-19 Fear in Forensic Healthcare Workers Using a Network Analysis

Psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on professional resilience and self-care on nurses: an example of Ankara

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted nurses, who are frontline care providers, with high infection risk, disease transmission to relatives, and adverse psychosocial effects. This descriptive and correlational study examines the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on 224 nurses, focusing on their professional resilience and self-care during active care of COVID-19 patients from December 2022 to August 2023. Data was collected through demographic information forms, questionnaires, and scales. Structural equation modeling was used for the relational dimension of the study. The mean score of the nurses' COVID-19 Pandemic Psychosocial Impact Scale was 85.43 (SD = 22.08), while the Skovholt Practitioner Professional Resiliency and Self-Care Inventory had a mean score of 135.64 (SD = 19.73). A statistically significant low-level negative relationship between the scale scores (r = -0.220). The COVID-19 pandemic's psychosocial impact scores significantly impact personal vitality and stress, indicating a direct negative effect on these factors, according to structural equation modeling results.

How are you coping? Stress, coping, burnout, and aggression in forensic mental healthcare workers

Introduction

Perceived stress at work has been linked to several adverse outcomes in workers, including increased risk of burnout and aggression (e.g., anger and irritability). However, much remains unknown about factors that might mitigate the negative influences of perceived stress on workers' well-being. This study focusses on coping as a possible protective factor against perceived stress and its consequences in forensic mental healthcare workers. We aimed to identify which higher-order coping factors were present in this worker sample and to investigate whether these coping factors modify the associations between perceived stress and burnout or aggression.

Methods

For this observational survey study, 116 forensic mental healthcare workers completed questionnaires assessing changes in work situation since the start of COVID-19, perceived stress, coping, burnout symptoms, and aggression.

Results

Results from principal component analysis indicated that four higher-order coping factors could be distinguished: social support and emotional coping, positive cognitive restructuring, problem-focused coping, and passive coping. Higher perceived stress levels were associated with higher levels of both burnout and aggression in workers. Problem-focused coping was associated with less burnout symptoms in workers. Furthermore, positive cognitive restructuring was associated with less aggression in workers.

Discussion

In conclusion, problem-focused coping and positive cognitive restructuring may protect workers against burnout symptoms and aggression and these results may inform future studies on preventive interventions aimed at promoting worker's well-being.

The Mediating Role of Fear of COVID-19 in the Association between COVID-19-Related Work Stressors and Subjective Well-being: Path Analysis by Cross-sectional Evidence in the Child Care Sector across Three Samples

OBJECTIVE

COVID-19 has changed work conditions and instilled fear. However, research overlooked the contributing factors to fear of COVID-19 and its impact on well-being. We addressed this research gap and focused on the essential workforce of child care.

METHODS

Three samples of early childhood professionals (ECPs) ( NT1 = 423, NT2 = 142, NT3 = 584) were gathered in Germany between June 2020 and May 2021. We tested via path analysis whether (1) fear of COVID-19 relates to well-being, (2) COVID-19-related work stressors relate to fear of COVID-19, and (3) fear of COVID-19 mediates the relationship of work stressors and well-being.

RESULTS

Findings of N T1 and N T3 lent support, while results of N T2 differed.

CONCLUSIONS

This study underlines the importance of adapting the work conditions during pandemics to reduce the fear of infection and thus preserve ECPs' well-being.

Resilience, job satisfaction, occupational stress, and occupational accidents among healthcare professionals: A Bayesian network analysis

BACKGROUND

Occupational accidents remain a critical challenge for healthcare professionals.

OBJECTIVE

In the present study, using the Bayesian network (BN) approach association among resilience, job satisfaction, stress, and occupational accidents among healthcare professionals is examined.

METHODS

Data was gathered using several valid questionnaires. The BN approach was utilized to analyze the r5/31/2024ionships between the variables of the current study. The performance of BN analysis was evaluated using related indexes.

RESULTS

In total, 300 healthcare professionals participated in this study. Results showed that almost 23% of healthcare professionals had experienced occupational accidents. Results of the sensitivity analysis demonstrated that job satisfaction had the most significant influence on occupational accidents in healthcare settings. The belief updating analysis results showed that by increasing job satisfaction and decreasing stress of healthcare professionals the occurrence of occupational accidents decreased 9.8% and 6.4%, respectively. Moreover, decreasing the stress of healthcare professionals can lead to an increase in the level of job satisfaction. Evaluation indexes showed that the performance of the developed BN was acceptable (error rate: 16.09).

CONCLUSION

The Findings reveal that both job satisfaction and stress had a significant influence on occupational accidents in healthcare professionals. Moreover, by influencing job satisfaction and stress, resilience can indirectly affect occupational accidents.

Interrelations of resilience factors and their incremental impact for mental health: insights from network modeling using a prospective study across seven timepoints

Resilience can be viewed as trajectory of stable good mental health or the quick recovery of mental health during or after stressor exposure. Resilience factors (RFs) are psychological resources that buffer the potentially negative effects of stress on mental health. A problem of resilience research is the large number of conceptually overlapping RFs complicating their understanding. The current study sheds light on the interrelations of RFs in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic as a use case for major disruptions. The non-preregistered prospective study assessed a sample of 1275 German-speaking people from February 2020 to March 2021 at seven timepoints. We measured coping, hardiness, control beliefs, optimism, self-efficacy, sense of coherence (SOC), sense of mastery, social support and dispositional resilience as RFs in February 2020, and mental health (i.e., psychopathological symptoms, COVID-19-related rumination, stress-related growth) at all timepoints. Analyses used partial correlation network models and latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM). Pre-pandemic RFs were strongly interrelated, with SOC being the most central node. The strongest associations emerged between coping using emotional support and social support, SOC and sense of mastery, and dispositional resilience and self-efficacy. SOC and active coping were negatively linked. When we examined RFs as predictors of mental health trajectories, SOC was the strongest predictor of psychopathological symptoms and rumination, while trajectories of stress-related growth were predicted by optimism. Subsequent network analyses, including individual intercepts and slopes from LGMM, showed that RFs had small to moderate associations with intercepts but were unrelated to slopes. Our findings provide evidence for SOC playing an important role in mental distress and suggest further examining SOC's incremental validity. However, our results also propose that RFs might be more important for stable levels of mental health than for adaptation processes over time. The differential associations for negative and positive outcomes support the use of multidimensional outcomes in resilience research.

Psychometric Properties of Scales Measuring Resilience in U.S. Latinx Populations: A Systematic Review

Objectives

Instruments used to measure resilience have typically been developed in European or Anglosphere countries and emphasize personal factors of resilience. In addition to being a quickly growing ethnic minority group in the United States, Latinx individuals face unique stressors and protective factors that may contribute to resilience. This review sought to determine the extent to which instruments measuring resilience have been validated in U.S. Latinx populations and what domains of resilience those scales capture.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards and included studies describing psychometric properties of resilience scales for Latinx individuals living in the United States. Articles were assessed for quality of psychometric validation; scales used in the final studies were assessed for representation of domains of the social ecological resilience model.

Results

Nine studies were included in the final review examining eight separate resilience measures. The populations of these studies were heterogeneous geographically and demographically; more than half the studies only included Latinx populations as a subgroup. The breadth and quality of psychometric validation were variable across studies. The domains represented by the scales in the review most heavily assessed individual domains of resilience.

Conclusion

The literature to date on psychometric validation of resilience measures in Latinx populations in the United States is limited and does not robustly capture aspects of resilience that may be particularly meaningful for Latinx populations, such as community or cultural factors. Instruments that are developed with and for Latinx populations are necessary to better understand and measure resilience in this population.

The study of mindfulness as an intervening factor for enhanced psychological well-being in building the level of resilience

Background

By using a practice like mindfulness, people may become more adaptable and flexible in difficult situations, which lowers the levels of unfavorable experiences. Only a small number of research have examined the connection between mindfulness and resilience, with mindfulness as a source of PWB influencing millennials' resilience when faced with adversity. This study sought to close this gap by exploring the role that mindfulness practice plays in millennials' PWB and subsequent increases in resilience to adversity.

Methods

In this study, key components linked to mindfulness, PWB, and resilience are combined with a thorough literature assessment. Millennials who are active members of the Ti-Ratana Youth in Malaysia and the Buddhist Missionary Society of Malaysia (BMSM) Youth Section make up the study's sample population. Before completing the online survey form, each participant was instructed to engage in 4 weeks of supervised mindfulness practice. To assure the validity of the data gathered, it was crucial to secure the youth's commitment. Only 231 of the 300 respondents who received the link to the online survey had replies that could be used for further research. To analyze the collected data and conduct hypothesis testing, Smart-PLS was used.

Results

Academic research has shown that factors, such as a heavy workload, time constraints, lengthy workdays, work-related home conflicts, and an unstable and uncertain environment all lead to a drop in PWB. According to the findings, the two most significant variables promoting resilience are mindfulness and positive PWB. The outcomes of this experimental study confirmed earlier findings that millennials' PWB and resilience are enhanced by mindfulness training.

Conclusion

The study's findings suggest that, in times of high uncertainty, mindfulness-based intervention programs should be expanded to include all young people. This study offers empirical support for the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in raising PWB and resilience.

The relations between mental well-being and burnout in medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis

Background

Although poor mental well-being (MW) has been documented among individuals experiencing burnout during the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, little is known about the complex interrelationship between different components of MW and burnout. This study investigates this relationship among medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic through network analysis.

Methods

A total of 420 medical staff were recruited for this study. Components of MW were measured by the 14-item Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and components of burnout were measured by a 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) Questionnaire. Network structure was constructed via network analysis. Bridge variables were identified via the bridge centrality index.

Results

The edges across two communities (i.e., MW community and burnout community) are almost negative, such as edge MW2 ("Useful") - B14 ("Worthwhile") and edge MW1 ("Optimistic about future") - B13 ("Happy"). The edges within each community are nearly positive. In the MW community, components MW1 ("Optimistic about future") and MW6 ("Dealing with problems") have the lowest bridge centrality. And in the community of burnout, components B13 ("Happy") and B14 ("Worthwhile") have the lowest bridge expected influence.

Conclusion

We present the first study to apply the network approach to model the potential pathways between distinct components of MW and burnout. Our findings suggest that promoting optimistic attitudes and problem-solving skills may help reduce burnout among medical staff during the pandemic.

Work Stressors and Occupational Health of Young Employees: The Moderating Role of Work Adaptability

Work adaptability refers to the work experience, habits, and skills that enable an individual to adapt to current or changing work tasks and situations. It is a coping resource that individuals use to mitigate various types of stress. Adopting the interaction model of work stress, this study investigated 168 young employees in 20 organizations in Zhejiang Province through interview research and a questionnaire survey. The results show that work adaptability has a significant main effect on occupational health. The work adaptability of employees plays a moderating role in the relationship between occupational health and lack of work meaning stress, role conflict stress, interpersonal relationship stress, negative organizational atmosphere stress, and total score of work stressors. Young employees with high work adaptability have worse occupational health under high-level stress situations due to a lack of work meaning. For promoting occupational health in young employees, organizations should have this group of workers complete meaningful jobs or inform them of the importance of their jobs, reduce role conflict, and create a supportive organizational atmosphere. For management, it is imperative to eliminate high-level stress that stems from a lack of work meaning in order to retain young employees with high work adaptability. These findings shed light on how work adaptability helps young employees deal with stress and improve their occupational health. In organizational and self-stress management, it is beneficial to improve employees’ work adaptability continuously as a means of effectively resisting stress and maintaining occupational health.

Multifarious Linkages Between Personality Traits and Psychological Distress During and After COVID-19 Campus Lockdown: A Psychological Network Analysis

BACKGROUND

The novel coronavirus disease pandemic is still proliferating and is not expected to end any time soon. Several lockdowns and social distancing measures might be implemented in the future. A growing body of research has explored the effect of personality on individuals' psychological wellbeing during the pandemic. However, most prior studies have not discussed the dynamic and reciprocal transactions between personality and psychological distress in various situations. Therefore, this study aims to explore the internal mechanisms of the ways in which certain personality traits triggered specific symptoms during and after college lockdown, by using network analysis.

METHODS

Based on survey data from 525 university students in China, the study detected the connection between individual personality and psychological distress through network analysis. Of the participants, 70.1% were female, and 20.9% were male. The mean age of the participants was 19.701 (SD = 1.319) years. We estimated networks via two steps: First, two networks that only contain the Big Five personality traits and the six symptoms of psychological distress during and after the lockdown measure were estimated. Second, we add control variables and re-estimated the networks to check whether the linkages among the Big Five personality traits and the six symptoms of psychological distress observed in the first step were stable. Moreover, we employed strength centrality as the key indicator to present the potential significance of diverse variables within a network.

RESULTS

The findings demonstrate that, first, "depress" was the central symptom in the network during the college lockdown, while "efforts" was the central symptom after the lockdown. Second, the symptoms of "restless" and "worthless" significantly declined after the lockdown. Third, we found that there is an internal mechanism through which personality affected certain psychological symptoms during and after lockdowns. Specifically, neuroticism triggered certain symptoms during and after the lockdown, while extraversion and conscientiousness suppressed certain symptoms. Substantial evidence on internal linkages is imperative to develop effective interventions.

CONCLUSION

This study explores the internal mechanisms of the ways in which certain personality traits trigger specific symptoms. Overall, our results provide empirical evidence that personality traits play a key role in how individuals with certain traits respond to college lockdown during a pandemic. The study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it is among the first few studies which explores the effects of personality traits on individual psychological distress using network analysis during the pandemic.