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Ogunyinka IA, Yusuff KB, Erah PO, Mohammed Y, Wada YH. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Knowledge, Its Vaccine Uptake Intentions, and the Influence of Personality Traits among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in a University Setting: Findings and Implications. Ann Afr Med 2024; 23:271-284. [PMID: 39028187 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_201_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the greatest global health catastrophe of the century, with its vaccine hesitancy compounding the woes. Relevant stakeholders, including pharmacy students (whose education was disrupted) are important bulwarks against these catastrophes, but their COVID-19-related information are scarce. AIMS We assessed COVID-19 knowledge, its vaccine uptake intentions, and the influence of personality traits among pharmacy undergraduates in a Nigerian university. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a post-lockdown cross sectional study conducted at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A 61-item questionnaire was used to collect data among pharmacy undergraduates who attended Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, in May 2021. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Summary statistics- mean (±standard deviation), range, frequency, proportion; inferential statistics- Chi square statistics, binary logistic regression. RESULTS The response rate was 88% (168/191). The average COVID-19 knowledge score, the frequency of acceptance, and hesitancy to take COVID-19 vaccine among study participants were 42.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 42.1-43.7), 39.1% (95% CI = 37.3%-41.8%), and 61.9% (95% CI = 58.0%-64.2%), respectively. In addition, of the 168 study participants, 73 (43.5%) considered themselves to have high self-esteem, 67 (39.9%) were highly extroverted, 91 (54.2%) highly privately self-conscious, 96 (57.1%) highly publicly self-conscious, and 60 (35.7%) highly self-restrained, with 57 (34.0%) not believing in the existence of COVID-19. COVID-19 knowledge varied significantly by level of study ( F [2,165] = 5.539; P = 0.005; η 2 = 0.06). Similarly, those with high self-esteem were twice as knowledgeable regarding COVID-19 as those with low self-esteem (odds ratio [OR]: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.08-3.78; P = 0.03) with gleaning COVID-19-related information from social media platforms predicting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (CVH) (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16-0.85; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The observed suboptimal COVID-19 knowledge was associated with participants' low level of self-esteem, and the prevalent CVH was associated with obtaining COVID-19-related information from social media platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abayomi Ogunyinka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Babatunde Yusuff
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Patrick Omonua Erah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Yahaya Mohammed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf Hassan Wada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Naidoo D, Meyer-Weitz A, Govender K. The Social Ecological Model: A Framework for Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers-A Scoping Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1491. [PMID: 37766166 PMCID: PMC10536505 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination plays a crucial role in combating the global COVID-19 pandemic. Immunizing all healthcare workers (HCWs) is essential for increasing vaccine confidence and acceptance within the general population. Understanding the factors that hinder or facilitate vaccine uptake among HCWs is of utmost importance, considering they are among the first to be vaccinated. This review follows Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodological framework. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, WorldCat Discovery, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published from 2020 to 2023. A descriptive analysis and narrative synthesis approach were employed to collect and synthesize data. Using the social-ecological model as a framework, the literature was categorized into themes at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels. We reviewed a total of fifty-three published academic articles, with the majority of studies conducted in Ethiopia and Nigeria. The intention for vaccine uptake resulted in an unsatisfactory (52%) overall uptake rate among HCWs. Individual-level determinants associated with vaccine uptake included being male, middle-aged, being a physician, having a higher level of education, and having a chronic illness. This review identified significant barriers at each level, such as safety concerns, perceived scientific uncertainty, vaccine ineffectiveness, lack of trust in stakeholders, and religious beliefs. Additionally, we identified facilitators at each level, with the most common factors promoting intention to uptake being the desire to protect oneself and others and a high perceived susceptibility to contracting COVID-19. This review highlights the existence of significant barriers to vaccine uptake on the African continent. Given that HCWs play a crucial role in guiding the public's vaccination decisions, it is imperative to prioritize education and training efforts about the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Naidoo
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Health Promotion Unit, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X9051, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa
| | - Anna Meyer-Weitz
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Applied Human Sciences, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Kaymarlin Govender
- HEARD, College of Law and Management Studies, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
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Qin Z, Ye X, Liu H, Tao Y, Zheng X, Zhong Y, Chen D, Ye W, Zhan C. Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Vaccination Practices Towards COVID-19 Vaccination Among Mainland Chinese Nursing Students and Interns: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4717-4728. [PMID: 37496694 PMCID: PMC10366673 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s415799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated factors influencing the knowledge, attitudes, practice profiles, and vaccination intentions among Chinese nursing students and nursing interns toward the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination. Materials and Methods The multicenter cross-sectional study was based on a self-reported questionnaire collecting information among nursing students and nursing interns from three major geographic regions of China, and the sample was selected by consecutive sampling. The questionnaire was developed by knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) theory. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3180 nursing students and interns (effective rate: 99.8%) from six Chinese provinces were polled. The vaccine hesitation rate was 9.65% (307/3180), 2230 participants (70.1%) had gotten at least one dose of the vaccine, and 643 participants (67.7%) had indicated a readiness to be vaccinated. The results showed that older age, higher academic background, perfect vaccine management, others' recommendations, influenza vaccination history, epidemic under control, knowledge of vaccines or intervals, and vaccine knowledge training were associated with higher vaccination rates. Conversely, vaccine hesitancy was caused by a perceived lack of physical need, uncertainty about vaccination requirements, and fear of vaccination. Conclusion This study provided population-based estimates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake intention among mainland Chinese nursing students and interns. Factors such as age, education, vaccine knowledge, and attitudes influence COVID-19 vaccine behaviour. Relevant authorities should understand the barriers to COVID-19 vaccination from knowledge, attitude and practice, which is significant for formulating effective response strategies in future global public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Qin
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinxin Ye
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanju Liu
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yining Tao
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xutong Zheng
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanxia Zhong
- Department of Nursing, Shijiazhuang Medical College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Danfeng Chen
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wan Ye
- Department of Nursing, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chenju Zhan
- Department of Nursing, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China
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Arthur C, Dong Z, Abudu H, Li M, Munthali GNC, Zhang C, Zhang S, Han R, Ogbordjor S, Dormocara A, Ja L, Zhang D, Zhang H, Huangfu H. Acceptability and perception of COVID-19 vaccines among foreign medical students in China: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1112789. [PMID: 37056651 PMCID: PMC10086183 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAcceptability and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine among different social groups have been the subject of several studies. However, little is known about foreign medical students in Chinese universities.AimThis study, therefore, fills the literature gap using a focus group technique to assess the acceptance and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine among foreign medical students in China.MethodsThe study adopted an online cross-sectional survey method following the Chinese universities' lockdowns to collect the data between March and April 2022. A data collection questionnaire was developed, and then the link was shared with the respondents through key informants in different universities in China to obtain the data. The data collection process only included foreign medical students who were in China from May 2021 to April 2022. The authors received a total of 403 responses from the respondents. During data processing, we excluded 17 respondents since they were not in China while administering the questionnaire to enhance the data validity. The authors then coded the remaining 386 respondents for the estimation process. We finally applied the multilinear logistics regression technique to model the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance with the response or influencing factors, including the mediating factors among the foreign medical students in China.ResultsThe data statistics show that 4.9% of the respondents were younger than 20 years, 91.5% were 20–40 years old, and 3.6% were older than 40 years; 36.3% of respondents were female subjects and 63.7% were male subjects. The results also show that the respondents are from six continents, including the African continent, 72.4%, Asia 17.4%, 3.1% from Europe, 2.8% from North America, 1.6% from Australia, and 2.3% from South America. The mediation analysis for the gender variable (β = 0.235, p = 0.002) suggests that gender is a significant channel in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perception among foreign medical students in China. Also, the main analysis shows that opinion on the safety of the vaccine (β = 0.081, p = 0.043), doses of the vaccine to receive (β = 0.175, p = 0.001), vaccine safety with some side effects (β = 0.15, p = 0.000), and the possibility of acquiring COVID-19 after vaccination (β = 0.062, p = 0.040) are all positive factors influencing vaccine acceptability and perception. Also, the home continent (β = −0.062, p = 0.071) is a negative factor influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perception. Furthermore, the finding shows that fear perceptions has affected 200 (51.81%) respondents. The medical students feared that the vaccines might result in future implications such as infertility, impotence, and systemic health conditions such as cardiovascular, respiratory, or deep vein thrombosis. In addition, 186 (48.19%) students feared that the vaccines were intended to shorten life expectancy.ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccination acceptability and perception among medical students in China is high, most predominantly due to their knowledge of medicine composition formulation. Despite widespread acceptance by the general public and private stakeholders, we concluded that vaccination resistance remains a significant factor among medical students and trainees. The study further adds that in considering the COVID-19 vaccine, the factor of the home continent plays a significant role in vaccine hesitancy among foreign medical students. Also, knowledge, information, and education are important pillars confronting new medicine administered among medical trainees. Finally, there is a low rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among foreign medical students in China. The study, therefore, recommends targeted policy strategies, including sensitization, detailed public information, and education, especially for medical colleges and institutions on the COVID-19 vaccination, to achieve 100%. Furthermore, the study recommends that future researchers explore other factors influencing accurate information and education for successful COVID-19 vaccination implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Arthur
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Regional Hospital Sunyani, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hermas Abudu
- College of Overseas Education Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - MengLu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Chunming Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Amos Dormocara
- Soochow University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pharmaceutics, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Ja
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Haili Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Huangfu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Huangfu ;
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Saeed H, Ali K, Nabeel M, Rasool MF, Islam M, Hashmi FK, Saeed A, Saleem Z. Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Pharmacy and Non-Pharmacy Students. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010176. [PMID: 36680020 PMCID: PMC9860991 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
University students are a sub-group of the population at high risk of COVID-19 infection, and their judgments on vaccination affect the public attitudes towards vaccination. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among pharmacy and non-pharmacy students. A cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling pharmacy (375) and non-pharmacy (225) students from the universities in Lahore. Chi-square analysis was used for significant frequency distributions and a 5-point Likert scale was used to score attitude, perception, and acceptance. The majority of the students were aged between 19-24 years, hailing from urban and middle-class families with good self-reported health. The preferred vaccine was Pfizer, followed by Sinopharm and Sinovac. The major source of information was social media, followed by government campaigns and family members. The pharmacy students demonstrated better knowledge and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. The non-pharmacy students scored higher for the questions based on scientific leads, myths, and baffling conspiracies. The non-pharmacy students showed higher hesitancy/barrier total scores related to their trust in the health system, COVID-19 vaccine storage, and efficacy. Data suggested that pharmacy students exhibited better knowledge, positive attitudes, and perceptions about COVID-19 vaccination. Overall, vaccine efficacy and safety were mutual concerns. Nonetheless, non-pharmacy students were hesitant due to mistrust in the health system of Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Khubaib Ali
- Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bahria Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Cancer Care Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nabeel
- Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bahria Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Cancer Care Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Khurshid Hashmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zikria Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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