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Ahn HS, Yeom J, Yu J, Oh Y, Hong J, Kim M, Kim K. Generating Detailed Spectral Libraries for Canine Proteomes Obtained from Serum and Urine. Sci Data 2023; 10:241. [PMID: 37105983 PMCID: PMC10140049 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are popular companion animals. Increase in medical expenses associated with them and demand for extending their lifespan in a healthy manner has created the need to develop new diagnostic technology. Companion dogs also serve as important animal models for non-clinical research as they can provide various biological phenotypes. Proteomics have been increasingly used on dogs and humans to identify novel biomarkers of various diseases. Despite the growing applications of proteomics in liquid biopsy in veterinary medicine, no publicly available spectral assay libraries have been created for the proteome of canine serum and urine. In this study, we generated spectral assay libraries for the two-representative liquid-biopsy samples using mid-pH fractionation that allows in-depth understanding of proteome coverage. The resultant canine serum and urine spectral assay libraries include 1,132 and 4,749 protein groups and 5,483 and 25,228 peptides, respectively. We built these complimentary accessible resources for proteomic biomarker discovery studies through ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD034770.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Ahn
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Prometabio Research Institute, Prometabio co., ltd., Gyeonggi-do, 12939, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongYeon Hong
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen, Seoul, 04788, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Alfaifi A, Refai MY, Alsaadi M, Bahashwan S, Malhan H, Al-Kahiry W, Dammag E, Ageel A, Mahzary A, Albiheyri R, Almehdar H, Qadri I. Metabolomics: A New Era in the Diagnosis or Prognosis of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050861. [PMID: 36900005 PMCID: PMC10000528 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide range of histological as well as clinical properties are exhibited by B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. These properties could make the diagnostics process complicated. The diagnosis of lymphomas at an initial stage is essential because early remedial actions taken against destructive subtypes are commonly deliberated as successful and restorative. Therefore, better protective action is needed to improve the condition of those patients who are extensively affected by cancer when diagnosed for the first time. The development of new and efficient methods for early detection of cancer has become crucial nowadays. Biomarkers are urgently needed for diagnosing B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and assessing the severity of the disease and its prognosis. New possibilities are now open for diagnosing cancer with the help of metabolomics. The study of all the metabolites synthesised in the human body is called "metabolomics." A patient's phenotype is directly linked with metabolomics, which can help in providing some clinically beneficial biomarkers and is applied in the diagnostics of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In cancer research, it can analyse the cancerous metabolome to identify the metabolic biomarkers. This review provides an understanding of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma metabolism and its applications in medical diagnostics. A description of the workflow based on metabolomics is also provided, along with the benefits and drawbacks of various techniques. The use of predictive metabolic biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is also explored. Thus, we can say that abnormalities related to metabolic processes can occur in a vast range of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The metabolic biomarkers could only be discovered and identified as innovative therapeutic objects if we explored and researched them. In the near future, the innovations involving metabolomics could prove fruitful for predicting outcomes and bringing out novel remedial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alfaifi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Fayfa General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 83581, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y. Refai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsaadi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Bahashwan
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Malhan
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waiel Al-Kahiry
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Dammag
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ageel Ageel
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjed Mahzary
- Eradah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan 82943, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Almehdar
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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Epigenetic Alterations in Canine Malignant Lymphoma: Future and Clinical Outcomes. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030468. [PMID: 36766357 PMCID: PMC9913421 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine malignant lymphoma is a common neoplasia in dogs, and some studies have used dogs as a research model for molecular mechanisms of lymphomas in humans. In two species, chemotherapy is the treatment of choice, but the resistance to conventional anticancer drugs is frequent. The knowledge of molecular mechanisms of development and progression of neoplasia has expanded in recent years, and the underlying epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly well known. These studies open up new ways of discovering therapeutic biomarkers. Histone deacetylases and demethylase inhibitors could be a future treatment for canine lymphoma, and the use of microRNAs as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers is getting closer. This review summarises the epigenetic mechanisms underlying canine lymphoma and their possible application as treatment and biomarkers, both prognostic and diagnostic.
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Utility of Serum Ki-67 as a Marker for Malignancy in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101263. [PMID: 35625109 PMCID: PMC9138135 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although serum tumour markers offer an uncomplicated, non-invasive examination method and possible therapeutic options, they are still rarely used in veterinary medicine. Our marker of interest, the Ki-67 protein, can only be detected in the active phases of the cell cycle. Therefore, it is a suitable marker for assessing the proliferating cell fraction of an organism and can thus provide information about potentially present, rapid-growing tumour tissue. The purpose of our study was to determine whether Ki-67 could be considered as a possible tumour marker in canine serum for veterinary medicine. We measured serum concentrations of Ki-67 in dogs with various malignant tumours, such as carcinomas, sarcomas, and lymphomas. In the dogs with malignant tumours we determined significantly higher serum Ki-67 concentrations compared with healthy dogs and dogs with non-malignant diseases. No significant difference in serum Ki-67 concentration was observed between the different types of cancer or between benign and malignant mammary tumours. Our investigations also included some inflammatory parameters measured in blood, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, with mixed results. The results of our study suggest that Ki-67 may be useful as a potential serum tumour marker, providing information about the presence of malignant diseases in a dog. Abstract Tumour markers are scarcely used in veterinary medicine, although they are non-invasive, contribute to a faster diagnosis and new therapeutic options. The nuclear protein Ki-67 is absent in G0-phase but is detectable throughout all active phases of the cell cycle. Consequently, it is used as a marker for the proliferating cell fraction of a cell population and thus could indicate neoplastic tissue present. Our study is designed to show whether Ki-67 can be considered as a potential canine serum tumour marker for veterinary medicine. We measured serum concentrations of Ki-67 in dogs with various malignant tumours (carcinomas (n = 35); sarcomas (n = 26); lymphomas (n = 21)) using a commercially available quantitative sandwich ELISA from mybiosource. Dogs with malignant tumours showed significantly higher serum Ki-67 concentrations compared to healthy dogs (n = 19) and non-neoplastic diseased dogs (n = 26). No significant difference in serum Ki-67 concentration was detected between carcinoma, sarcoma, and lymphoma, nor between mammary adenocarcinoma and adenoma. In our investigations we also included some inflammatory parameters measured in blood, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, and gained mixed results. The results of our study suggest that Ki-67 may be useful as a potential serum tumour marker, providing information about the presence of malignancies in a dog.
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Fan G, Cui R, Zhang R, Zhang S, Guo R, Zhai Y, Yue Y, Wang Q. Routine blood biomarkers for the detection of multiple myeloma using machine learning. Int J Lab Hematol 2022; 44:558-566. [PMID: 35199461 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary laboratory tests performed in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) include bone marrow examination and free light chain assay; however, these may only be ordered after clinical suspicion of disease. In contrast, routine blood test results are readily available. METHODS Machine learning algorithms (ML) combined with routine blood tests were used to detect MM. Feature selection was performed to achieve improved classification performance. The robustness of the classification models was assessed in an internal and external validation data set. To minimize the divergence, the training and validation data sets were combined and used to assess the performance of the ML algorithms. RESULTS The AdaBoost-DecisionTable produced the best performance (accuracy =94.75%, sensitivity =87.70%, positive predictive value (PPV) =92.50%, F-measure =90.00%, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) =97.50%) in the training data set using a 10-fold cross-validation. Performance in the validation data sets was affected by the divergence of the data sets, with accuracy greater than 85% and AUC greater than 90% in the validation data sets. The ML algorithm achieved a high accuracy of 92.61%, high AUC (96.80%), a sensitivity value of 85.20%, a PPV value of 88.50%, and an F-measure of 86.80% in a test set that was randomly selected from the combined data set. CONCLUSIONS Combining ML and routine serum biomarkers hold a potential benefit in MM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shunli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruipeng Guo
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yuhua Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingtao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Cruz C, Pedro AQ, Carvalho J, Santos T, Talhada D, Paiva A, Queiroz JA, Andrade M, Pinto M, Montenegro L, Delgado L, Pereira P. Nucleolin as a potential biomarker for canine malignant neoplasia. Res Vet Sci 2021; 135:297-303. [PMID: 33077166 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional protein that is involved in diverse pathological processes. Recent evidences have shown that NCL is markedly overexpressed on the surface of most human cancer cells when compared to normal cells, being overexpressed in several malignant cells. Based on the exposed, the purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the expression pattern of NCL in canine malignant neoplasia and control groups. NCL expression at both messenger RNA and protein levels in the subcellular fractions were respectively detected by RT-PCR and western blotting, allowing to infer the NCL positivity rate in canine neoplasia. The identity of NCL amplicons obtained by RT-PCR was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and found to correspond to Canis lupus familiaris. Using flow cytometry, the blood cells expressing NCL from canine neoplasms were also identified using several cell surface markers and their levels quantified. These results showed that NCL expressed in lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils in dogs with malignant neoplasia is higher (> 50%) when compared with the control group. We found an increased expression of surface and cytoplasmic NCL in canine malignant neoplasia group, while nuclear NCL is predominantly found in the control group. Overall, this study discloses and identifies for the first time the presence of NCL in canine blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Augusto Q Pedro
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Josué Carvalho
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniela Talhada
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais, Portugal
| | - João A Queiroz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Leonor Delgado
- Pathology Department, INNO Serviços Especializados em Veterinária, Braga, Portugal; Cancer Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Liquid biopsy based on small extracellular vesicles predicts chemotherapy response of canine multicentric lymphomas. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20371. [PMID: 33230132 PMCID: PMC7683601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common type of canine hematological malignancy where the multicentric (cMCL) form accounts for 75% of all cases. The standard treatment is the CHOP chemotherapy protocols that include cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone, where the majority of dogs achieve complete/partial response; however, it is very important to predict non-responsive cases to improve treatment and to develop new targeted therapies. Here we evaluate a liquid biopsy approach based on serum Small Extracellular Vesicles enriched for exosomes (SEVs) to predict cMCL chemotherapy response. Nineteen dogs at the end of the 19-week chemotherapy protocol (8 Complete Response and 11 Progressive Disease) were evaluated for serum SEVs size, concentration and screened for 95 oncomirs. PD patients had higher SEVs concentration at the diagnosis than CR patients (P = 0.034). The ROC curve was significant for SEVs concentration to predict the response to CHOP (AUC = 0.8011, P = 0.0287). A potential molecular signature based on oncomirs from SEVs (caf-miR-205, caf-miR-222, caf-mir-20a and caf-miR-93) is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the potential of a liquid biopsy based on SEVs and their miRNAs content to predict the outcome of chemotherapy for canine multicentric lymphomas.
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Yamazaki H, Sasai H, Tanaka M, Tanaka T, Nishida H, Noguchi S, Kuwamura M, Akiyoshi H. Assessment of biomarkers influencing treatment success on small intestinal lymphoma in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:123-131. [PMID: 32920923 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine a reliable therapeutic biomarker for localized small intestinal lymphoma (SIL) in dogs based on clinical and histopathological features. We retrospectively investigated 84 dogs with localized SIL, including 36 dogs receiving surgery and 48 dogs receiving chemotherapy. The dogs receiving surgery were divided into two subgroups: 18 dogs (group 1) with overall survival (OS) <120 days (median OS) and 18 dogs (group 2) with OS ≥120 days. Correspondingly, the dogs receiving chemotherapy were divided into 24 dogs (group 3) with OS <98 days (median OS) and 24 dogs (group 4) with OS ≥98 days. Clinical, haematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were comparatively evaluated among the four subgroups. There was no significant difference in OS between the surgery and chemotherapy groups. In dogs receiving surgery, the rate of Ki67-positive cells was significantly increased in group 1 compared to group 2 and showed no significant difference between groups 3 and 4. In dogs receiving chemotherapy, the rate of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 and showed no significant difference between groups 1 and 2. Additionally, our data showed that OS in dogs with higher Ki67 expression might be significantly increased by chemotherapy than by surgery, that of those with higher MGMT expression might be significantly increased by surgery than by chemotherapy, and Ki67 and MGMT were independent of each other. Indices of Ki67 and MGMT are suggested therapeutic biomarkers to determine the optimal first-line treatment for localized SIL in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yamazaki
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Miyuu Tanaka
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nishida
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Akiyoshi
- Veterinary Medical Center, College of Life, Environmental and Advanced Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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AniScan Using Extracellular Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A as a Serum Biomarker Assay for the Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors in Dogs. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154075. [PMID: 32707843 PMCID: PMC7436096 DOI: 10.3390/s20154075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The early detection of tumors improves chances of decreased morbidity and prolonged survival. Serum biomarkers are convenient to use and have several advantages over other approaches, such as accuracy and straightforward protocols. Reliable biomarkers from easily accessible sources are warranted for the development of cost-effective assays for routine screening, particularly in veterinary medicine. Extracellular c-AMP-dependent protein kinase A (ECPKA) is a cytosolic leakage enzyme. The diagnostic accuracy of detecting autoantibodies against ECPKA was found to be higher than that of ECPKA activity from enzymatic assays, which use a complicated method. Here, we investigated the diagnostic significance of measuring serum ECPKA autoantibody levels using an in-house kit (AniScan cancer detection kit; Biattic, Anyang, Korea). We used sera from 550 dogs, including healthy dogs and those with malignant and benign tumors. Serum ECPKA and immunoglobulin G were determined using the AniScan cancer detection kit. ECPKA autoantibody levels were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in malignant tumors than in benign tumors, non-tumor diseases, and healthy controls. On the basis of sensitivity and specificity values, AniScan ECPKA is a rapid and easy-to-use assay that can be applied to screen malignant tumors from benign tumors or other diseases in dogs.
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Dias JNR, Lopes M, Peleteiro C, Vicente G, Nunes T, Mateus L, Aires-da-Silva F, Tavares L, Gil S. Canine multicentric lymphoma exhibits systemic and intratumoral cytokine dysregulation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019; 218:109940. [PMID: 31561022 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.109940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is among the most common neoplasias in dogs and humans. Owing to remarkable similarities with its human counterpart, the canine lymphoma (cNHL) model has been proposed as a powerful framework for rapid and clinically relevant translation of novel immunotherapies. However, the establishment of cNHL as a predictive preclinical model has been hampered by the limited characterization of the canine immune system. Cytokines are key players of the interaction between tumor and its microenvironment. In human NHL, multiple cytokines have been linked to the development of lymphoma and are relevant biomarkers for treatment response and prognosis. In contrast, few studies have investigated cytokines in cNHL. Within this context, this study aimed to investigate cytokine regulation in cNHL. A multicentric cNHL biobank was successfully constructed. Cytokine mRNA profiles in tumor tissue and circulating PBMC were analyzed by qRT-PCR and compared to a healthy control group. Specific primers were used to evaluate Th1, Th2 and Th17 responses. Systemic cytokine concentrations were measured using a commercial canine multiplex assay which included IL-2, IL6, IL-10 and TNF-α, and compared to a healthy control group. Our results demonstrated a dysregulation of cytokine mRNA expression, representative of the tumor microenvironment and systemic response in cNHL. Intratumoral cytokine response revealed a significant downregulation of humoral and Th1 responses. The systemic response demonstrated a distinct mRNA pattern, however immunosuppression also prevailed. Cytokine serum quantification showed a significant increase of IL-10 concentration in cNHL. Significant differences in hematological parameters were described and a correlation between IL-6 protein serum levels and neutrophil count was shown. Finally, data analysis demonstrated that baseline pretreatment IFN-γ tissue mRNA levels were correlated to survival outcome, predicting a favorable response to chemotherapy. Altogether, these results revealed that cNHL presents a local and systemic dysregulation in cytokine response. By confirming and extending previous research, our work contributed for the evaluation of potential cytokine candidates for diagnostic, prognostic purposes and therapeutic intervention, therefore adding value to comparative oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana N R Dias
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Lopes
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Peleteiro
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gonçalo Vicente
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Telmo Nunes
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Mateus
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Luís Tavares
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Solange Gil
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Maia C, Campino L. Biomarkers Associated With Leishmania infantum Exposure, Infection, and Disease in Dogs. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:302. [PMID: 30237985 PMCID: PMC6136405 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum species [syn. L. (L.) infantum chagasi species in the Americas] which is transmitted by the bite of a female phlebotomine sand fly. This parasitosis is endemic and affect millions of dogs in Asia, the Americas and the Mediterranean basin. Domestic dogs are the main hosts and the main reservoir hosts for human zoonotic leishmaniosis. The outcome of infection is a consequence of intricate interactions between the protozoan and the immunological and genetic background of the host. Clinical manifestations can range from subclinical infection to very severe disease. Early detection of infected dogs, their close surveillance and treatment are essential to control the dissemination of the parasite among other dogs, being also a pivotal element for the control of human zoonotic leishmaniosis. Hence, the identification of biomarkers for the confirmation of Leishmania infection, disease and determination of an appropriate treatment would represent an important tool to assist clinicians in diagnosis, monitoring and in giving a realistic prognosis to subclinical infected and sick dogs. Here, we review the recent advances in the identification of Leishmania infantum biomarkers, focusing on those related to parasite exposure, susceptibility to infection and disease development. Markers related to the pathogenesis of the disease and to monitoring the evolution of leishmaniosis and treatment outcome are also summarized. Data emphasizes the complexity of parasite-host interactions and that a single biomarker cannot be used alone for CanL diagnosis or prognosis. Nevertheless, results are encouraging and future research to explore the potential clinical application of biomarkers is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Maia
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lenea Campino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
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Childress MO, Ramos-Vara JA, Ruple A. Retrospective analysis of factors affecting clinical outcome following CHOP-based chemotherapy in dogs with primary nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:E159-E168. [PMID: 29152834 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous factors are known to affect the prognosis of dogs with chemotherapy-treated lymphomas. However, prognostic factors for dogs with specific subtypes of lymphoma are less clearly defined. The objective of this study was to identify prognostic factors for dogs receiving CHOP-based chemotherapy for primary nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Medical records of dogs treated for DLBCL at the Purdue Veterinary Teaching Hospital (PUVTH) from 2006 to 2016 were reviewed. Factors potentially related to prognosis were analysed using multivariable statistical methods. Ninety-eight dogs were included in the study. Best overall response to chemotherapy was complete remission in 80 dogs (81.6%) and partial remission in 18 dogs (18.4%). Median progression-free survival (PFS) for the entire population was 252 days (range 19-1068). Factors significantly associated with achieving partial (rather than complete) remission following CHOP included presence of thrombocytopenia at diagnosis (OR 6.88; 95% CI 1.98-23.93; P = .002), baseline serum globulin concentration (OR 2.63; 95% CI 1.03-6.75; P = .044), and age at diagnosis (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.08-1.71; P = .009). Factors significantly associated with PFS in the lowest quartile (≤93 days) included presence of thrombocytopenia at diagnosis (OR 8.72; 95% CI 1.54-49.33; P = .014), age at diagnosis (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.12-1.94; P = .005), and baseline neutrophil count (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02-1.37; P = .025). Presence of thrombocytopenia, greater age, higher neutrophil count, and higher serum globulin concentration all may be associated with a particularly poor outcome in dogs receiving CHOP-based chemotherapy for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Childress
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Childress) and Comparative Pathobiology (Ramos-Vara, Ruple), College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - J A Ramos-Vara
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Childress) and Comparative Pathobiology (Ramos-Vara, Ruple), College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - A Ruple
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Childress) and Comparative Pathobiology (Ramos-Vara, Ruple), College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Bhang DH, Choi US, Kim BG, Lee SN, Lee S, Roh HS, Chung WJ, Jeon KO, Song WJ, Youn HY, Baek KH. Characteristics of extracellular cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase as a biomarker of cancer in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:1585-1589. [PMID: 28185388 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early and proper diagnosis of cancer is the most critical factor for the survival and treatment of veterinary cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated extracellular cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (ECPKA) level in serum as a useful cancer biomarker in dogs. METHODS ECPKA levels were detected in sera from dogs with cancers (n = 48), benign tumours (n = 18), and non-tumour diseases (n = 102) as well as healthy control dogs (n = 54) utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Sera from dogs bearing various types of cancer exhibited markedly increased levels of ECPKA by up to 7.1-, 8.8-, and 10.9-fold compared with those from dogs harbouring benign tumours, dogs with non-tumour diseases, and healthy control dogs, respectively (P < .0001). In addition, serum ECPKA level did not show statistically significant correlation with gender, breed, or age of dogs or their non-cancerous disease conditions. CONCLUSION Our data strongly propose that detection of serum ECPKA level is a potential and specific diagnostic tool for cancer in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Bhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - U S Choi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology and Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - B G Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - S-N Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Roh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - W-J Chung
- Ray Veterinary Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K O Jeon
- Department of Internal Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Song
- Department of Internal Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Youn
- Department of Internal Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Baek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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