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Samkange A, Mbiri P, Matomola OC, Zaire G, Homateni A, Junias E, Kaatura I, Khaiseb S, Ekandjo S, Shoopala J, Hausiku M, Shilongo A, Mujiwa ML, Dietze K, Busch F, Winter C, Matos C, Weiss S, Chitanga S. Serological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever in Livestock in the Omaheke Region of Namibia. Microorganisms 2024; 12:838. [PMID: 38674782 PMCID: PMC11051821 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This research examined the positivity ratio of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) antibodies in cattle and sheep within Namibia's Omaheke region after a human disease outbreak in the same geographical area. A total of 200 samples (100 cattle and 100 sheep) were randomly collected from animals brought to two regional auction sites, and then tested using the ID Screen® CCHF Double Antigen Multi-Species Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit. Of the cattle samples, 36% tested positive, while 22% of the sheep samples were seropositive. The cattle had a significantly higher positivity ratio than sheep at the individual animal level (p = 0.0291). At the herd level, 62.5% of cattle herds and 45.5% of sheep flocks had at least one positive animal, but this difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.2475). The fourteen cattle farms with at least one seropositive animal were dispersed across the Omaheke region. In contrast, the ten sheep farms with seropositive cases were predominantly situated in the southern half of the region. The study concluded that the CCHF is endemic in the Omaheke region and likely in most of Namibia, underscoring the importance of continued surveillance and preventive measures to mitigate the impact of CCHFV on animal health and potential spillover into human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaster Samkange
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Pricilla Mbiri
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Ophelia Chuma Matomola
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Georgina Zaire
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Homateni
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Elifas Junias
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Israel Kaatura
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Siegfried Khaiseb
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Simson Ekandjo
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Johannes Shoopala
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Magrecia Hausiku
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Albertina Shilongo
- Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Private Bag 13184, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (G.Z.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (S.E.); (J.S.); (M.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Mushabati Linus Mujiwa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Klaas Dietze
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (K.D.); (F.B.)
| | - Frank Busch
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler Institute, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (K.D.); (F.B.)
| | - Christian Winter
- Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Carolina Matos
- Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Sabrina Weiss
- Centre for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Simbarashe Chitanga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek 10005, Namibia; (A.S.); (P.M.); (O.C.M.); (I.K.); (S.K.); (M.L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
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Boulanger N. [Anthropization and tick-borne diseases: the example of Lyme borreliosis]. C R Biol 2024; 346:35-41. [PMID: 37655860 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases are on the rise throughout the world. The reasons are multifactorial but all associated with human practices, including climate change and socio-economic and eco systemic changes. In the northern hemisphere, Lyme borreliosis and its vector, the tick belonging to the Ixodes ricinus complex, are particularly studied. Changes in forestry and the expansion of certain wild ungulates since the Second World War could explain the increasing presence of this tick in our environment. As it is likely to transmit other microorganisms potentially pathogenic to humans, an integrated multidisciplinary approach to identify human practices promoting its expansion is critical to control the (re)emergence of infectious diseases. Other ticks also benefit from the same anthropised context to increase their numbers in the environment.
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Bernard C, Joly Kukla C, Rakotoarivony I, Duhayon M, Stachurski F, Huber K, Giupponi C, Zortman I, Holzmuller P, Pollet T, Jeanneau M, Mercey A, Vachiery N, Lefrançois T, Garros C, Michaud V, Comtet L, Despois L, Pourquier P, Picard C, Journeaux A, Thomas D, Godard S, Moissonnier E, Mely S, Sega M, Pannetier D, Baize S, Vial L. Detection of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Hyalomma marginatum ticks, southern France, May 2022 and April 2023. Euro Surveill 2024; 29:2400023. [PMID: 38333936 PMCID: PMC10853980 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2024.29.6.2400023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a potentially severe zoonotic viral disease causing fever and haemorrhagic manifestations in humans. As the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) has been detected in ticks in Spain and antibodies against the virus in ruminant sera in Corsica, it was necessary to know more about the situation in France. In 2022-2023, CCHFV was detected in 155 ticks collected from horses and cattle in southern France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Bernard
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Joly Kukla
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
- Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Ignace Rakotoarivony
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Duhayon
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Stachurski
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Huber
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Carla Giupponi
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Iyonna Zortman
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Holzmuller
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Pollet
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Jeanneau
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Alice Mercey
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Vachiery
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Claire Garros
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Michaud
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Caroline Picard
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandra Journeaux
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Damien Thomas
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Sabine Godard
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Moissonnier
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Mely
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Manon Sega
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Pannetier
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire P4 INSERM Jean Mérieux, INSERM Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Baize
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, France
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Vial
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), University of Montpellier (UMR) Animal Santé Territoires Risques Écosystèmes (ASTRE), Montpellier, France
- ASTRE UMR, CIRAD, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Montpellier, France
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Chitre SD, Crews CM, Tessema MT, Plėštytė-Būtienė I, Coffee M, Richardson ET. The impact of anthropogenic climate change on pediatric viral diseases. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:496-507. [PMID: 38057578 PMCID: PMC10872406 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of climate change on human health are unfolding in real time. Environmental fragmentation is amplifying spillover of viruses from wildlife to humans. Increasing temperatures are expanding mosquito and tick habitats, introducing vector-borne viruses into immunologically susceptible populations. More frequent flooding is spreading water-borne viral pathogens, while prolonged droughts reduce regional capacity to prevent and respond to disease outbreaks with adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene resources. Worsening air quality and altered transmission seasons due to an increasingly volatile climate may exacerbate the impacts of respiratory viruses. Furthermore, both extreme weather events and long-term climate variation are causing the destruction of health systems and large-scale migrations, reshaping health care delivery in the face of an evolving global burden of viral disease. Because of their immunological immaturity, differences in physiology (e.g., size), dependence on caregivers, and behavioral traits, children are particularly vulnerable to climate change. This investigation into the unique pediatric viral threats posed by an increasingly inhospitable world elucidates potential avenues of targeted programming and uncovers future research questions to effect equitable, actionable change. IMPACT: A review of the effects of climate change on viral threats to pediatric health, including zoonotic, vector-borne, water-borne, and respiratory viruses, as well as distal threats related to climate-induced migration and health systems. A unique focus on viruses offers a more in-depth look at the effect of climate change on vector competence, viral particle survival, co-morbidities, and host behavior. An examination of children as a particularly vulnerable population provokes programming tailored to their unique set of vulnerabilities and encourages reflection on equitable climate adaptation frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smit D Chitre
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia M Crews
- Heilbrunn Department of Population & Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mesfin Teklu Tessema
- Heilbrunn Department of Population & Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- International Rescue Committee, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Megan Coffee
- Heilbrunn Department of Population & Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- International Rescue Committee, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene T Richardson
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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5
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Zortman I, de Garine-Wichatitsky M, Arsevska E, Dub T, Van Bortel W, Lefrançois E, Vial L, Pollet T, Binot A. A social-ecological systems approach to tick bite and tick-borne disease risk management: Exploring collective action in the Occitanie region in southern France. One Health 2023; 17:100630. [PMID: 38024266 PMCID: PMC10665146 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ticks are amongst the most important zoonotic disease vectors affecting human and animal health worldwide. Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are rapidly expanding geographically and in incidence, most notably in temperate regions of Europe where ticks are considered the principal zoonotic vector of Public Health relevance, as well as a major health and economic preoccupation in agriculture and equine industries. Tick-borne pathogen (TBP) transmission is contingent on complex, interlinked vector-pathogen-host dynamics, environmental and ecological conditions and human behavior. Tackling TBD therefore requires a better understanding of the interconnected social and ecological variables (i.e., the social-ecological system) that favor disease (re)-emergence. The One Health paradigm recognizes the interdependence of human, animal and environmental health and proposes an integrated approach to manage TBD. However, One Health interventions are limited by significant gaps in our understanding of the complex, systemic nature of TBD risk, in addition to a lack of effective, universally accepted and environmentally conscious tick control measures. Today individual prevention gestures are the most effective strategy to manage TBDs in humans and animals, making local communities important actors in TBD detection, prevention and management. Yet, how they engage and collaborate within a multi-actor TBD network has not yet been explored. Here, we argue that transdisciplinary collaborations that go beyond research, political and medical stakeholders, and extend to local community actors can aid in identifying relevant social-ecological risk indicators key for informing multi-level TBD detection, prevention and management measures. This article proposes a transdisciplinary social-ecological systems framework, based on participatory research approaches, to better understand the necessary conditions for local actor engagement to improve TBD risk. We conclude with perspectives for implementing this methodological framework in a case study in the south of France (Occitanie region), where multi-actor collaborations are mobilized to stimulate multi-actor collective action and identify relevant social-ecological indicators of TBD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyonna Zortman
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
- Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Elena Arsevska
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Timothée Dub
- Infectious Disease Control and Vaccination Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Unit Po Box 30. FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- Unit Entomology and Outbreak Research Team, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat, 155, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Estelle Lefrançois
- LIRDEF, Université de Montpellier and Université Paul Valéry Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Vial
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Pollet
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Binot
- Joint Research Unit Animal, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems (UMR ASTRE), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
- Maison des Sciences de l'Homme Sud, Montpellier, France
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El Ghassem A, Apolloni A, Vial L, Bouvier R, Bernard C, Khayar MS, Cheikh Ahmed M, Fausther-Bovendo H, Beyit AD, Yahya B, Ould El Mamy MB, Elbara A, Bollahi MA, Cêtre-Sossah C, Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary A. Risk factors associated with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus circulation among human, livestock and ticks in Mauritania through a one health retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:764. [PMID: 37932678 PMCID: PMC10626674 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic in Southern Mauritania where recurrent outbreaks have been constantly observed since the 1980's. The present study is the first to assess CCHFV antibodies and RNA in humans. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted using 263 humans and 1380 domestic animals serum samples, and 282 tick specimens of Hyalomma genus collected from 54 settings in 12 provinces across Mauritania. Antibodies targeting CCHF viral nucleoprotein were detected in animal and human sera using double-antigen ELISA. CCHFV specific RNA was detected in human and animal sera as well as tick supernatants using a CCHFV real time RT-PCR kit. Individual characteristics of sampled hosts were collected at the same time and data were geo-referenced. Satellite data of several environmental and climatic factors, were downloaded from publicly available datasets, and combined with data on livestock mobility, animal and human density, road accessibility and individual characteristics to identify possible risk factors for CCHFV spatial distribution. To this end, multivariate logistic models were developed for each host category (human, small and large ruminants). RESULTS The overall CCHFV antibody prevalence was 11.8% [95% CI: 8.4-16.3] in humans (17.9% in 2020 and 5.4% in 2021; p = 0.0017) and 33.1% (95% CI: 30.1-36.3) in livestock. CCHFV-specific antibodies were detected in 91 (18.1%) out of 502 sheep, 43 (9.0%) out of 477 goats, 144 (90.5%) out of 161 dromedaries and 179 (74.6%) out of 240 cattle. CCHFV RNA was detected in only 2 (0.7%) sera out of 263 animals herders samples from Hodh El Gharbi province and in 32 (11.3%) out of 282 Hyalomma ticks. In humans as well as in animals, seropositivity was not associated with sex or age groups. The multivariate analysis determined the role of different environmental, climatic and anthropic factors in the spatial distribution of the disease with animal mobility and age being identified as risk factors. CONCLUSION Results of the present study demonstrate the potential risk of CCHF for human population in Mauritania primarily those living in rural areas in close vicinity with animals. Future studies should prioritize an integrative human and veterinary approach for better understanding and managing Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellahi El Ghassem
- Université de Nouakchott, UR GEMI, BP 5026, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
- ONARDEP, BP 167, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
| | - Andrea Apolloni
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier Cedex, 34398, France.
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Montpellier, France.
| | - Laurence Vial
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier Cedex, 34398, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Bouvier
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier Cedex, 34398, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Montpellier, France
| | - Celia Bernard
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier Cedex, 34398, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Hugues Fausther-Bovendo
- GUARD, Batiscan, QC, G0X 1A0, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Catherine Cêtre-Sossah
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Montpellier Cedex, 34398, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Montpellier, France
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7
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Pereira PDC, Diniz DG, da Costa ER, Magalhães NGDM, da Silva ADJF, Leite JGS, Almeida NIP, Cunha KDN, de Melo MAD, Vasconcelos PFDC, Diniz JAP, Brites D, Anthony DC, Diniz CWP, Guerreiro-Diniz C. Genes, inflammatory response, tolerance, and resistance to virus infections in migratory birds, bats, and rodents. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239572. [PMID: 37711609 PMCID: PMC10497949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs between species and between individuals of the same species. Resistance includes innate and adaptive immune responses to control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on the immune response allowing the coexistence of infections in the host with minimal or no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient viral replication for transmission. Here, we compared the virome of bats, rodents and migratory birds and the molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic and asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore the influence of the host physiology and environmental influences on RNA virus expression and how it impacts on the whole brain transcriptome of seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) and spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularius). Three time points throughout the year were selected to understand the importance of longitudinal surveys in the characterization of the virome. We finally revisited evidence that upstream and downstream regulation of the inflammatory response is, respectively, associated with resistance and tolerance to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Douglas Corrêa Pereira
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Guerreiro Diniz
- Seção de Hepatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Ramos da Costa
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Nara Gyzely de Morais Magalhães
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Jesus Falcão da Silva
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gizele Sousa Leite
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Natan Ibraim Pires Almeida
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Kelle de Nazaré Cunha
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mauro André Damasceno de Melo
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Picanço Diniz
- Seção de Hepatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Dora Brites
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniel Clive Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cristovam Wanderley Picanço Diniz
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Guerreiro-Diniz
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
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