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Mehrolhassani MH, Mozhdehifard M, Rahimisadegh R. Key factors in the future of oral and dental health in Iran using scenario writing approach. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:563. [PMID: 38745163 PMCID: PMC11092190 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral and dental health can significantly impact individuals' quality of life. The World Health Organization introduces oral health as one of the essential priorities of public health worldwide. Given the lack of studies on the future of oral and dental health in Iran, this study used a futures studies approach to identify the factors in oral and dental health in Iran through scenario writing. METHODS This study was conducted in three stages including the scenario writing approach, qualitative methods, and exploratory future research. First, potential variables affecting future oral and dental health systems were extracted through interviews. The focus group discussion determined the uncertainty and importance of the variables. Then, the cross-impact balance matrix was imported into the Scenario Wizard software to identify the different states of the scenario generator variables and compatible scenarios were extracted. RESULTS Seventy variables were extracted as key variables affecting the future of oral and dental health. Regarding the importance and uncertainty, seventeen variables scored higher and fell into policy and governance, economy and financing, social, service delivery, and technology, serving as five categories of scenario generators. Fifteen scenarios with weak consistency and three with strong consistency were obtained using the Cross-Impact Balance matrix in Scenario Wizard software. CONCLUSION The probability of a pessimistic scenario where all five categories of the scenarios were in the worst possible state was higher due to its consistency. The government's support policies and commitment to oral and dental health were two key factors in the future. Achieving an optimistic and favorable scenario for the future of the country's oral and dental health system depends on the government and policymakers in the health sector adopting a positive attitude towards the role of oral and dental health services in improving societal health. In this scenario, the five categories of the scenario generators were in the best condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mozhdehifard
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Rohaneh Rahimisadegh
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Martani A, Ulyte A, Menges D, Reeves E, Puhan MA, Heusser R. Emerging Health Care Leaders: Lessons From a Novel Leadership and Community-Building Program. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606794. [PMID: 38645794 PMCID: PMC11027198 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although there are guidelines and ideas on how to improve public health education, translating innovative approaches into actual training programs remains challenging. In this article, we provide an overview of some initiatives that tried to put this into action in different parts of the world, and present the Emerging Health Care Leader (EHCL), a novel training program developed in Switzerland. Policy Options and Recommendations Looking at the experience of the EHCL, we propose policymakers and other interested stakeholders who wish to help reform public health education to support these initiatives not only through funding, but by valuing them through the integration of early career healthcare leaders in projects where their developing expertise can be practically applied. Conclusion By openly sharing the experiences, strengths, weaknesses, and lessons learned with the EHCL program, we aim to foster a transparent debate on how novel training programs in public health can be organised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martani
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominik Menges
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emily Reeves
- Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A. Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Heusser
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Scheerman JFM, Qari AH, Varenne B, Bijwaard H, Swinckels L, Giraudeau N, van Meijel B, Mariño R. A Systematic Umbrella Review of the Effects of Teledentistry on Costs and Oral-Health Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:407. [PMID: 38673320 PMCID: PMC11050059 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Teledentistry offers possibilities for improving efficiency and quality of care and supporting cost-effective healthcare systems. This umbrella review aims to synthesize existing systematic reviews on teledentistry and provide a summary of evidence of its clinical- and cost-effectiveness. A comprehensive search strategy involving various teledentistry-related terms, across seven databases, was conducted. Articles published until 24 April 2023 were considered. Two researchers independently reviewed titles, abstracts and full-text articles. The quality of the included reviews was critically appraised with the AMSTAR-2 checklist. Out of 749 studies identified, 10 were included in this umbrella review. Two reviews focusing on oral-health outcomes revealed that, despite positive findings, there is not yet enough evidence for the long-term clinical effectiveness of teledentistry. Ten reviews reported on economic evaluations or costs, indicating that teledentistry is cost-saving. However, these conclusions were based on assumptions due to insufficient evidence on cost-effectiveness. The main limitation of our umbrella review was the critically low quality of the included reviews according to AMSTAR-2 criteria, with many of these reviews basing their conclusions on low-quality studies. This highlights the need for high-quality experimental studies (e.g., RCTs, factorial designs, stepped-wedge designs, SMARTs and MRTs) to assess teledentistry's clinical- and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke F. M. Scheerman
- Oral Hygiene, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical Technology Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 2015 CE Haarlem, The Netherlands
- Mental Health Nursing Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 2015 CE Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Alaa H. Qari
- College of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benoit Varenne
- Oral Health Programme, Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Rehabilitation and Disability (NCD), World Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Harmen Bijwaard
- Medical Technology Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 2015 CE Haarlem, The Netherlands
- Centre for Safety, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Swinckels
- Oral Hygiene, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical Technology Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 2015 CE Haarlem, The Netherlands
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Berno van Meijel
- Mental Health Nursing Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 2015 CE Haarlem, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC) and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Parnassia Academy, 2552 DH The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Mariño
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 01145, Chile
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
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Chisholm O, Critchley H. Future directions in regulatory affairs. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1082384. [PMID: 36698838 PMCID: PMC9868628 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1082384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of regulatory affairs deals with the regulatory requirements for marketing authorization of therapeutic products. This field is facing a myriad of forces impacting all aspects of the development, regulation and value proposition of new therapeutic products. Changes in global megatrends, such as geopolitical shifts and the rise of the green economy, have emphasized the importance of manufacturing and supply chain security, and reducing the environmental impacts of product development. Rapid changes due to advances in science, digital disruption, a renewed focus on the centrality of the patient in all stages of therapeutic product development and greater collaboration between national regulatory authorities have been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This article will discuss the various trends that are impacting the development of new therapies for alleviating disease and how these trends therefore impact on the role of the regulatory affairs professional. We discuss some of the challenges and provide insights for the regulatory professional to remain at the forefront of these trends and prepare for their impacts on their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orin Chisholm
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Takian A, Aarabi SS, Semnani F, Rayati Damavandi A. Preparedness for Future Pandemics: Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1605094. [PMID: 35845430 PMCID: PMC9278160 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Takian
- Department of Global Health and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Health Equity Research Centre (HERC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Sahab Aarabi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Semnani
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmasoud Rayati Damavandi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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