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Asdemir A, Özgür A. Molecular mechanism of anticancer effect of heat shock protein 90 inhibitor BIIB021 in human bladder cancer cell line. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5167-5177. [PMID: 38240781 PMCID: PMC11166791 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a type of urologic malignancy that exhibits significant morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) activity has been a promising pharmacological strategy for blocking of bladder cancer pathogenesis. BIIB021 is a next-generation HSP90 inhibitor which interrupts ATP hydrolysis process of HSP90 and inhibits the stabilization and correct folding of client proteins. In current study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity of BIIB021 in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Our results revealed that nanomolar concentration of BIIB021 decreased viability of T24 cell. BIIB021 downregulated HSP90 expression in T24 cells and inhibited the refolding activity of luciferase in the presence of T24 cell lysate. PCR array data indicated a significant alteration in transcript levels of cancer-related genes involved in metastases, apoptotic cell death, cell cycle, cellular senescence, DNA damage and repair mechanisms, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia, telomeres and telomerase, and cancer metabolism pathways in T24 cells. All findings hypothesize that BIIB021 could exhibit as effective HSP90 inhibitor in the future for treatment of bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydemir Asdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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2
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Kyurkchiyan SG, Stancheva G, Petkova V, Hadzhiev Y, Dobriyanova V, Popova D, Kaneva R, Popov TM. Exploration of the association between HIF3α mRNA and lncRNA MALAT1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by correlation analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:292. [PMID: 38737978 PMCID: PMC11082855 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a significant global health burden, for which there has been limited evidence of improved survival rates. Although the roles of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α and HIF2α have been well documented in hypoxia, the involvement of HIF3α, particularly in LSCC, has been inadequately explored. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between HIFα subunits and the hypoxia-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) MALAT1 and HOTAIR in 63 patients diagnosed with LSCC. Total RNA was extracted from fresh-frozen laryngeal tumor and adjacent normal tissues, and was subjected to reverse transcription-quantitative PCR for target detection. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, with significance set at P<0.05. The present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to report a positive moderate monotonic correlation (rs=0.347) and moderately strong positive linear correlation (r=0.630) between HIF3α mRNA and lncRNA MALAT1 in LSCC. Regression analysis revealed a direct association between 39.6% of both variables. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between lncRNAs MALAT1 and HOTAIR (rs=0.353); HIF2α mRNA and lncRNA MALAT1 (rs=0.431); HIF3α mRNA and lncRNA HOTAIR (rs=0.279); and HIF3α mRNA and HIF2α mRNA (rs=0.285). Notably, a significant negative correlation (rs=-0.341) was detected between HIF3α mRNA and HIF1α mRNA, potentially indicative of the HIF switch or negative regulation. In addition, the present study investigated the association between HIFα subunits and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients. The results revealed a notable association between HIF1α transcript levels and the location of LSCC; specifically, subglottic tumors exhibited elevated HIF1α levels compared with glottic and supraglottic LSCC. Furthermore, a significant association was identified between HIF3α transcript levels and patient age (P=0.032) and positive family history (P=0.047). In conclusion, the present findings suggested a pivotal role for HIF3α in LSCC development, potentially involving direct regulation of lncRNA MALAT1. However, further research is warranted to elucidate its precise mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silva Garo Kyurkchiyan
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gergana Stancheva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veronika Petkova
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yuliyan Hadzhiev
- Department of Ear and Nose Treatment, UMHAT ‘Tsaritsa Yoanna-ISUL’, Medical University, 1537 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Venera Dobriyanova
- Department of Ear and Nose Treatment, UMHAT ‘Tsaritsa Yoanna-ISUL’, Medical University, 1537 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Popova
- Department of Ear and Nose Treatment, UMHAT ‘Tsaritsa Yoanna-ISUL’, Medical University, 1537 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Todor Miroslavov Popov
- Department of Ear and Nose Treatment, UMHAT ‘Tsaritsa Yoanna-ISUL’, Medical University, 1537 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Lior C, Barki D, Halperin C, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Kelsen D, Shouval RS. Mapping the tumor stress network reveals dynamic shifts in the stromal oxidative stress response. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114236. [PMID: 38758650 PMCID: PMC11156623 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) presents cells with challenges such as variable pH, hypoxia, and free radicals, triggering stress responses that affect cancer progression. In this study, we examine the stress response landscape in four carcinomas-breast, pancreas, ovary, and prostate-across five pathways: heat shock, oxidative stress, hypoxia, DNA damage, and unfolded protein stress. Using a combination of experimental and computational methods, we create an atlas of stress responses across various types of carcinomas. We find that stress responses vary within the TME and are especially active near cancer cells. Focusing on the non-immune stroma we find, across tumor types, that NRF2 and the oxidative stress response are distinctly activated in immune-regulatory cancer-associated fibroblasts and in a unique subset of cancer-associated pericytes. Our study thus provides an interactome of stress responses in cancer, offering ways to intersect survival pathways within the tumor, and advance cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lior
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Debra Barki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Coral Halperin
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Kelsen
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Scherz- Shouval
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Daimiel Naranjo I, Bhowmik A, Basukala D, Lo Gullo R, Mazaheri Y, Kapetas P, Eskreis-Winkler S, Pinker K, Thakur SB. Assessment of Hypoxia in Breast Cancer: Emerging Functional MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques and Clinical Applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38703143 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer affecting women worldwide. Hypoxia, a condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply in tumor tissues, is closely associated with tumor aggressiveness, resistance to therapy, and poor clinical outcomes. Accurate assessment of tumor hypoxia can guide treatment decisions, predict therapy response, and contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Over the years, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have emerged as promising noninvasive imaging options for evaluating hypoxia in cancer. Such techniques include blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI, oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE) MRI, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI, and proton MRS (1H-MRS). These may help overcome the limitations of the routinely used dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques, contributing to better diagnosis and understanding of the biological features of breast cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging functional MRI and MRS techniques for assessing hypoxia in breast cancer, along with their evolving clinical applications. The integration of these techniques in clinical practice holds promising implications for breast cancer management. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Daimiel Naranjo
- Department of Radiology, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arka Bhowmik
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dibash Basukala
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roberto Lo Gullo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yousef Mazaheri
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Panagiotis Kapetas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Eskreis-Winkler
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katja Pinker
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sunitha B Thakur
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Jingushi K, Kawashima A, Tanikawa S, Saito T, Yamamoto A, Uemura T, Sassi N, Ishizuya Y, Yamamoto Y, Kato T, Hatano K, Hase H, Nonomura N, Tsujikawa K. Cutibacterium acnes-derived extracellular vesicles promote tumor growth in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 38682309 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial flora are present in various parts of the human body, including the intestine, and are thought to be involved in the etiology of various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, intestinal diseases, cancer, and uterine diseases. In recent years, the presence of bacterial 16S rRNA genes has been revealed in blood, which was previously thought to be a sterile environment, and characteristic blood microbiomes have been detected in various diseases. However, the mechanism and the origin of the bacterial information are unknown. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of bacterial DNA in serum extracellular vesicles from five healthy donors and seven patients with renal cell carcinoma and detected Cutibacterium acnes DNA as a characteristic bacterial DNA in the serum extracellular vesicles of patients with renal cell carcinoma. In addition, C. acnes DNA was significantly reduced in postoperative serum extracellular vesicles from patients with renal cell carcinoma compared with that in preoperative serum extracellular vesicles from these patients and was also detected in tumor tissue and extracellular vesicles from tumor tissue-associated microbiota, suggesting an association between C. acnes extracellular vesicles and renal cell carcinoma. C. acnes extracellular vesicles were taken up by renal carcinoma cells to enhance their proliferative potential. C. acnes extracellular vesicles also exhibited tumor-promoting activity in a mouse model of renal cancer allografts with enhanced angiogenesis. These results suggest that extracellular vesicles released by C. acnes localized in renal cell carcinoma tissues act in a tumor-promoting manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Jingushi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tanikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinaru Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Uemura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Nesrine Sassi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yu Ishizuya
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Taigo Kato
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hase
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Garcia MR, Andrade PB, Lefranc F, Gomes NGM. Marine-Derived Leads as Anticancer Candidates by Disrupting Hypoxic Signaling through Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Inhibition. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:143. [PMID: 38667760 PMCID: PMC11051506 DOI: 10.3390/md22040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inadequate vascularization seen in fast-growing solid tumors gives rise to hypoxic areas, fostering specific changes in gene expression that bolster tumor cell survival and metastasis, ultimately leading to unfavorable clinical prognoses across different cancer types. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) emerge as druggable pivotal players orchestrating tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, thus positioning them as prime targets for cancer treatment. A range of HIF inhibitors, notably natural compounds originating from marine organisms, exhibit encouraging anticancer properties, underscoring their significance as promising therapeutic options. Bioprospection of the marine environment is now a well-settled approach to the discovery and development of anticancer agents that might have their medicinal chemistry developed into clinical candidates. However, despite the massive increase in the number of marine natural products classified as 'anticancer leads,' most of which correspond to general cytotoxic agents, and only a few have been characterized regarding their molecular targets and mechanisms of action. The current review presents a critical analysis of inhibitors of HIF-1 and HIF-2 and hypoxia-selective compounds that have been sourced from marine organisms and that might act as new chemotherapeutic candidates or serve as templates for the development of structurally similar derivatives with improved anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Garcia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Nelson G. M. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
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7
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Musleh Ud Din S, Streit SG, Huynh BT, Hana C, Abraham AN, Hussein A. Therapeutic Targeting of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2060. [PMID: 38396737 PMCID: PMC10888675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the realm of cancer therapeutics, targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has emerged as a promising strategy. This study delves into the intricate web of HIF-associated mechanisms, exploring avenues for future anticancer therapies. Framing the investigation within the broader context of cancer progression and hypoxia response, this article aims to decipher the pivotal role played by HIF in regulating genes influencing angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and glucose metabolism. Employing diverse approaches such as HIF inhibitors, anti-angiogenic therapies, and hypoxia-activated prodrugs, the research methodologically intervenes at different nodes of the HIF pathway. Findings showcase the efficacy of agents like EZN-2968, Minnelide, and Acriflavine in modulating HIF-1α protein synthesis and destabilizing HIF-1, providing preliminary proof of HIF-1α mRNA modulation and antitumor activity. However, challenges, including toxicity, necessitate continued exploration and development, as exemplified by ongoing clinical trials. This article concludes by emphasizing the potential of targeted HIF therapies in disrupting cancer-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Musleh Ud Din
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA
| | - Spencer G. Streit
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Bao Tran Huynh
- Department of Pharmacy, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA
| | - Caroline Hana
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Anna-Ninny Abraham
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Atif Hussein
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
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Pucci G, Minafra L, Bravatà V, Calvaruso M, Turturici G, Cammarata FP, Savoca G, Abbate B, Russo G, Cavalieri V, Forte GI. Glut-3 Gene Knockdown as a Potential Strategy to Overcome Glioblastoma Radioresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2079. [PMID: 38396757 PMCID: PMC10889562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic pattern of glioblastoma (GBM) is known to be a primary cause of radioresistance. Our study explored the possibility of using gene knockdown of key factors involved in the molecular response to hypoxia, to overcome GBM radioresistance. We used the U87 cell line subjected to chemical hypoxia generated by CoCl2 and exposed to 2 Gy of X-rays, as single or combined treatments, and evaluated gene expression changes of biomarkers involved in the Warburg effect, cell cycle control, and survival to identify the best molecular targets to be knocked-down, among those directly activated by the HIF-1α transcription factor. By this approach, glut-3 and pdk-1 genes were chosen, and the effects of their morpholino-induced gene silencing were evaluated by exploring the proliferative rates and the molecular modifications of the above-mentioned biomarkers. We found that, after combined treatments, glut-3 gene knockdown induced a greater decrease in cell proliferation, compared to pdk-1 gene knockdown and strong upregulation of glut-1 and ldha, as a sign of cell response to restore the anaerobic glycolysis pathway. Overall, glut-3 gene knockdown offered a better chance of controlling the anaerobic use of pyruvate and a better proliferation rate reduction, suggesting it is a suitable silencing target to overcome radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pucci
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bld.17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Luigi Minafra
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bld.17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Valentina Bravatà
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Turturici
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bld.17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesco P. Cammarata
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
| | - Gaetano Savoca
- Radiation Oncology, ARNAS-Civico Hospital, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Boris Abbate
- Radiation Oncology, ARNAS-Civico Hospital, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Giorgio Russo
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bld.17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giusi I. Forte
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM)-National Research Council (CNR), Cefalù Secondary Site, C/da Pietrapollastra-Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.P.); (V.B.); (M.C.); (F.P.C.); (G.R.); (G.I.F.)
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bld.17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
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9
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Rai S, Roy G, Hajam YA. Melatonin: a modulator in metabolic rewiring in T-cell malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1248339. [PMID: 38260850 PMCID: PMC10800968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1248339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) an indoleamine exerts multifaced effects and regulates numerous cellular pathways and molecular targets associated with circadian rhythm, immune modulation, and seasonal reproduction including metabolic rewiring during T cell malignancy. T-cell malignancies encompass a group of hematological cancers characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of malignant T-cells. These cancer cells exhibit a distinct metabolic adaptation, a hallmark of cancer in general, as they rewire their metabolic pathways to meet the heightened energy requirements and biosynthesis necessary for malignancies is the Warburg effect, characterized by a shift towards glycolysis, even when oxygen is available. In addition, T-cell malignancies cause metabolic shift by inhibiting the enzyme pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDK) which in turn results in increased acetyl CoA enzyme production and cellular glycolytic activity. Further, melatonin plays a modulatory role in the expression of essential transporters (Glut1, Glut2) responsible for nutrient uptake and metabolic rewiring, such as glucose and amino acid transporters in T-cells. This modulation significantly impacts the metabolic profile of T-cells, consequently affecting their differentiation. Furthermore, melatonin has been found to regulate the expression of critical signaling molecules involved in T-cell activations, such as CD38, and CD69. These molecules are integral to T-cell adhesion, signaling, and activation. This review aims to provide insights into the mechanism of melatonin's anticancer properties concerning metabolic rewiring during T-cell malignancy. The present review encompasses the involvement of oncogenic factors, the tumor microenvironment and metabolic alteration, hallmarks, metabolic reprogramming, and the anti-oncogenic/oncostatic impact of melatonin on various cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Gunja Roy
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, India
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Long S, Long S, He H, Luo L, Liu M, Ding T. Exosomal miR-182 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells drives carfilzomib resistance of multiple myeloma cells by targeting SOX6. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:937. [PMID: 38062424 PMCID: PMC10702080 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy. Drug resistance remains to be a major clinical challenge in MM therapy. In this study, we aim to investigate the functional roles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomal miR-182 on the carfilzomib resistance of MM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS qRT-PCR and Western blot methods were utilized to confirm the gene or protein expressions. CCK-8 and transwell assays were performed to measure the capabilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion. The molecular interactions were validated through ChIP and Dual luciferase assay. RESULTS Our findings indicated that miR-182 expression was upregulated in serum, BMSCs and BMSC-derived exosomes from MM patients. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key transcriptional factor in tumor microenvironment, could boost miR-182 expression by directly binding to its promoter, thus favoring exosomal secretion. Moreover, exosomal miR-182 from BMSCs could be transferred to MM cells and was able to promote malignant proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, as well as decrease the sensitivity of MM cells against carfilzomib. Additionally, SOX6 was identified as a downstream target of miR-182 in MM cells, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-182. Rescue experiments proved that loss of SOX6 in MM cells dramatically reversed the promoting roles of BMSC-secreted exosomal miR-182 on proliferation, metastasis, and carfilzomib resistance in MM cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings indicated that exosomal miR-182 derived from BMSCs contributed to the metastasis and carfilzomib resistance of MM cells by targeting SOX6. This study sheds light on the pathogenesis of the BMSC-derived exosome containing miR-182 in the malignant behaviors of MM cells and carfzomib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Long
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengping Long
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei He
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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11
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Milane LS, Dolare S, Ren G, Amiji M. Combination Organelle Mitochondrial Endoplasmic Reticulum Therapy (COMET) for Multidrug Resistant Breast Cancer. J Control Release 2023; 363:435-451. [PMID: 37717658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
It is time for the story of mitochondria and intracellular communication in multidrug resistant cancer to be rewritten. Herein we characterize the extent and cellular advantages of mitochondrial network fusion in multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer and have designed a novel nanomedicine that disrupts mitochondrial network fusion and systematically manipulates organelle fusion and function. Combination Organelle Mitochondrial Endoplasmic reticulum Therapy (COMET) is an innovative translational nanomedicine for treating MDR triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) that has superior safety and equivalent efficacy to the current standard of care (paclitaxel). Our study has demonstrated that the increased mitochondrial networks in MDR TNBC contribute to apoptotic resistance and network fusion is mediated by mitofusin2 (MFN2) on the outer mitochondrial membrane. COMET consists of three components; Mitochondrial Network Disrupting (MiND) nanoparticles (NPs) that are loaded with an anti-MFN2 peptide, tunicamycin, and Bam7. The therapeutic rationale of COMET is to reduce the apoptotic threshold in MDR cells with MiND NPs, followed by inducing the endoplasmic reticulum mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) by stressing MDR cells with tunicamycin, and finally, directly inducing mitochondrial apoptosis with Bam7 which is a specific bcl-2 Bax activator. MiND NPs are PEGylated liposomes with the 21 amino acid (2577.98 MW) anti-MFN2 peptide compartmentalized in the aqueous core. Hypoxia (0.5% oxygen) was used to create MDR derivatives of MDA-MB-231 cells and BT-549 cells. Mitochondrial networks were quantified using 3D analysis of 60× live cell images acquired with a Keyence BZ-X710 microscope and MiND NPs effectively fragmented mitochondrial networks in drug sensitive and MDR TNBC cells. The IC50 values, combination index, and dose reduction index derived from dose response studies demonstrate that MiND NPs decrease the apoptotic threshold of both drug sensitive and MDR TNBC cells and COMET is a synergistic drug combination. Complex V (ATP synthase) extracted from bovine cardiac mitochondria was used to assess the effect of MiND NPs on OXPHOS; both MiND NPs and anti-MFN2 peptide solution significantly decrease the activity of mitochondrial complex V and decrease the capacity of OXPHOS. A BacMam viral vector based fluorescent biosensor was used to quantify the unfolded protein response (UPR) at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum and tunicamycin specifically induces the UPR in drug sensitive and MDR TNBC cells. A caspase 3 colorimetric assay demonstrated that the synergistic triple drug combination of COMET increases the ability of Bam7 to specifically induce apoptosis. Dose limiting toxicity and off target effects are a significant challenge for current chemotherapy regimens including paclitaxel. COMET has significantly lower cytotoxicity than paclitaxel in human embryonic kidney epithelial cells and has the potential to fulfill the clinical need for safer cancer therapeutics. COMET is a promising early stage translational nanomedicine for treating MDR TNBC. Manipulating intracellular communication and organelle fusion is a novel approach to treating MDR cancer. The data from this study has rewritten the story of mitochondria, organelle fusion, and intracellular communication and by targeting this intersection, COMET is an exciting new chapter in cancer therapeutics that could transform the clinical outcome of MDR TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Scheherazade Milane
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02116, United States of America.
| | - Saket Dolare
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02116, United States of America
| | - Guangwen Ren
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, United States of America
| | - Mansoor Amiji
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02116, United States of America
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12
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Barar E, Shi J. Genome, Metabolism, or Immunity: Which Is the Primary Decider of Pancreatic Cancer Fate through Non-Apoptotic Cell Death? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2792. [PMID: 37893166 PMCID: PMC10603981 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a solid tumor characterized by poor prognosis and resistance to treatment. Resistance to apoptosis, a cell death process, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms, are some of the hallmarks of cancer. Exploring non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms provides an opportunity to overcome apoptosis resistance in PDAC. Several recent studies evaluated ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis as the non-apoptotic cell death processes in PDAC that play a crucial role in the prognosis and treatment of this disease. Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis play a crucial role in PDAC development via several signaling pathways, gene expression, and immunity regulation. This review summarizes the current understanding of how ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis interact with signaling pathways, the genome, the immune system, the metabolism, and other factors in the prognosis and treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfaneh Barar
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Labs, Rogel Cancer Center, Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Araldi RP, Delvalle DA, da Costa VR, Alievi AL, Teixeira MR, Dias Pinto JR, Kerkis I. Exosomes as a Nano-Carrier for Chemotherapeutics: A New Era of Oncology. Cells 2023; 12:2144. [PMID: 37681875 PMCID: PMC10486723 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable advancements in oncology, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Drug resistance mechanisms acquired by cancer cells and inefficient drug delivery limit the therapeutic efficacy of available chemotherapeutics drugs. However, studies have demonstrated that nano-drug carriers (NDCs) can overcome these limitations. In this sense, exosomes emerge as potential candidates for NDCs. This is because exosomes have better organotropism, homing capacity, cellular uptake, and cargo release ability than synthetic NDCs. In addition, exosomes can serve as NDCs for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, this review aimed to summarize the latest advances in cell-free therapy, describing how the exosomes can contribute to each step of the carcinogenesis process and discussing how these nanosized vesicles could be explored as nano-drug carriers for chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
- BioDecision Analytics Ltd.a., São Paulo 13271-650, SP, Brazil;
| | - Denis Adrián Delvalle
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rodrigues da Costa
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Structural and Functional Biology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Lucas Alievi
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Endocrinology and Metabology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelli Ramires Teixeira
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
- Endocrinology and Metabology Post-Graduation Program, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Federal University (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Irina Kerkis
- Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (D.A.D.); (V.R.d.C.); (A.L.A.); (M.R.T.)
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14
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Grasso G, Colella F, Forciniti S, Onesto V, Iuele H, Siciliano AC, Carnevali F, Chandra A, Gigli G, Del Mercato LL. Fluorescent nano- and microparticles for sensing cellular microenvironment: past, present and future applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4311-4336. [PMID: 37638162 PMCID: PMC10448310 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00218g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) demonstrates distinct hallmarks, including acidosis, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and altered ion fluxes, which are crucial targets for early cancer biomarker detection, tumor diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. Various imaging and sensing techniques have been developed and employed in both research and clinical settings to visualize and monitor cellular and TME dynamics. Among these, ratiometric fluorescence-based sensors have emerged as powerful analytical tools, providing precise and sensitive insights into TME and enabling real-time detection and tracking of dynamic changes. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the latest advancements in ratiometric fluorescent probes designed for the optical mapping of pH, oxygen, ROS, ions, and biomarkers within the TME. We elucidate their structural designs and sensing mechanisms as well as their applications in in vitro and in vivo detection. Furthermore, we explore integrated sensing platforms that reveal the spatiotemporal behavior of complex tumor cultures, highlighting the potential of high-resolution imaging techniques combined with computational methods. This review aims to provide a solid foundation for understanding the current state of the art and the future potential of fluorescent nano- and microparticles in the field of cellular microenvironment sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Grasso
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesco Colella
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Stefania Forciniti
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Helena Iuele
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Siciliano
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Federica Carnevali
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Anil Chandra
- Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be-university) Bangalore Karnataka 560078 India
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Loretta L Del Mercato
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
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15
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Gnocchi D, Nikolic D, Paparella RR, Sabbà C, Mazzocca A. Cellular Adaptation Takes Advantage of Atavistic Regression Programs during Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3942. [PMID: 37568758 PMCID: PMC10416974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of cancer cells to extreme microenvironmental conditions (i.e., hypoxia, high acidity, and reduced nutrient availability) contributes to cancer resilience. Furthermore, neoplastic transformation can be envisioned as an extreme adaptive response to tissue damage or chronic injury. The recent Systemic-Evolutionary Theory of the Origin of Cancer (SETOC) hypothesizes that cancer cells "revert" to "primitive" characteristics either ontogenically (embryo-like) or phylogenetically (single-celled organisms). This regression may confer robustness and maintain the disordered state of the tissue, which is a hallmark of malignancy. Changes in cancer cell metabolism during adaptation may also be the consequence of altered microenvironmental conditions, often resulting in a shift toward lactic acid fermentation. However, the mechanisms underlying the robust adaptive capacity of cancer cells remain largely unknown. In recent years, cancer cells' metabolic flexibility has received increasing attention among researchers. Here, we focus on how changes in the microenvironment can affect cancer cell energy production and drug sensitivity. Indeed, changes in the cellular microenvironment may lead to a "shift" toward "atavistic" biologic features, such as the switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to lactic acid fermentation, which can also sustain drug resistance. Finally, we point out new integrative metabolism-based pharmacological approaches and potential biomarkers for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.G.); (D.N.); (R.R.P.); (C.S.)
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16
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Zheng F, Meng Q, Zhang L, Chen J, Zhao L, Zhou Z, Liu Y. Prognostic roles of hematological indicators for the efficacy and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced tumors: a retrospective cohort study. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:198. [PMID: 37420219 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunocheckpoint inhibitor(ICI) is a major breakthrough in tumor treatment. It can activate the patient's own immune system and play an anti-tumor role, but not all patients can benefit from it. At present, there is still a lack of effective biomarkers to guide clinical application. The systemic immune inflammation(SII) index reflects the systemic inflammatory state and immune state of patients. Prognostic nutrition index(PNI) can be used to evaluate immune status of patients. Therefore, SII and PNI indexes may have some value in predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy, but there is still a lack of relevant research. The purpose of our study was to explore the influence of SII and PNI index on the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy. METHODS A total of 1935 patients treated with ICIs treatment in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from November 2016 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected. 435 patients who met the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria. The imaging data, blood results of each patient were collected within 1 week before ICIs treatment. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio(PLR), monocyte lymphocyte ratio(MLR), PNI,systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI),neutrophil-eosinophil ratio(NER) was calculated. The patients were followed up by in-patient, out-patient reexamination and telephone contact, and the efficacy evaluation and survival status were recorded. The deadline of follow-up: January 2021. SPSS-24.0 software was employed for statistical analysis. RESULTS Among the 435 patients receiving ICI treatment, 61,236 and 138 patients were evaluated respectively as partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate(ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) of this cohort were 14.0% and 68.3%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (mPFS) is 4.0 months, The overall survival (mOS) of this cohort is 6.8 months. Multivariate analysis showed that SIRI(Hazard Ratio, HR = 1.304, P = 0.014), PNI (HR = 0.771, P = 0.019), prealbumin (PAB) (HR = 0.596, P = 0.001), and PNI(HR = 0.657, P = 0.008) were independent risk factors for PFS and OS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with high SIRI value and low PNI value before ICI treatment have shorter PFS. Patients with higher PNI value have better prognosis. Therefore, hematological indicators may become predictors of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingju Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hebei Province Pharmaceutical Professional Inspector Corps (Hebei Provincial Vaccine Inspection Center), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingli Chen
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Yibing Liu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
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17
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DeMichele E, Sosnowski O, Buret AG, Allain T. Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host-Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1598. [PMID: 37375100 PMCID: PMC10303274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Body tissues are subjected to various oxygenic gradients and fluctuations and hence can become transiently hypoxic. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master transcriptional regulator of the cellular hypoxic response and is capable of modulating cellular metabolism, immune responses, epithelial barrier integrity, and local microbiota. Recent reports have characterized the hypoxic response to various infections. However, little is known about the role of HIF activation in the context of protozoan parasitic infections. Growing evidence suggests that tissue and blood protozoa can activate HIF and subsequent HIF target genes in the host, helping or hindering their pathogenicity. In the gut, enteric protozoa are adapted to steep longitudinal and radial oxygen gradients to complete their life cycle, yet the role of HIF during these protozoan infections remains unclear. This review focuses on the hypoxic response to protozoa and its role in the pathophysiology of parasitic infections. We also discuss how hypoxia modulates host immune responses in the context of protozoan infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily DeMichele
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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18
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Phua TJ. Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1196648. [PMID: 37384143 PMCID: PMC10293850 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1196648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathophysiology are closely associated with human age-related carcinogenesis and chronic diseases. However, the connection between hypoxia and hormonal cell signaling pathways is unclear, but such human age-related comorbid diseases do coincide with the middle-aging period of declining sex hormonal signaling. This scoping review evaluates the relevant interdisciplinary evidence to assess the systems biology of function, regulation, and homeostasis in order to discern and decipher the etiology of the connection between hypoxia and hormonal signaling in human age-related comorbid diseases. The hypothesis charts the accumulating evidence to support the development of a hypoxic milieu and oxidative stress-inflammation pathophysiology in middle-aged individuals, as well as the induction of amyloidosis, autophagy, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in aging-related degeneration. Taken together, this new approach and strategy can provide the clarity of concepts and patterns to determine the causes of declining vascularity hemodynamics (blood flow) and physiological oxygenation perfusion (oxygen bioavailability) in relation to oxygen homeostasis and vascularity that cause hypoxia (hypovascularity hypoxia). The middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis could provide the mechanistic interface connecting the endocrine, nitric oxide, and oxygen homeostasis signaling that is closely linked to the progressive conditions of degenerative hypertrophy, atrophy, fibrosis, and neoplasm. An in-depth understanding of these intrinsic biological processes of the developing middle-aged hypoxia could provide potential new strategies for time-dependent therapies in maintaining healthspan for healthy lifestyle aging, medical cost savings, and health system sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teow J. Phua
- Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Huang M, Yang S, Tai WCS, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Cho WCS, Chan LWC, Wong SCC. Bioinformatics Identification of Regulatory Genes and Mechanism Related to Hypoxia-Induced PD-L1 Inhibitor Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108720. [PMID: 37240068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of a PD-L1 inhibitor and an anti-angiogenic agent has become the new reference standard in the first-line treatment of non-excisable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to the survival advantage, but its objective response rate remains low at 36%. Evidence shows that PD-L1 inhibitor resistance is attributed to hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis to identify genes and the underlying mechanisms that improve the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibition. Two public datasets of gene expression profiles, (1) HCC tumor versus adjacent normal tissue (N = 214) and (2) normoxia versus anoxia of HepG2 cells (N = 6), were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified HCC-signature and hypoxia-related genes, using differential expression analysis, and their 52 overlapping genes. Of these 52 genes, 14 PD-L1 regulator genes were further identified through the multiple regression analysis of TCGA-LIHC dataset (N = 371), and 10 hub genes were indicated in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. It was found that POLE2, GABARAPL1, PIK3R1, NDC80, and TPX2 play critical roles in the response and overall survival in cancer patients under PD-L1 inhibitor treatment. Our study provides new insights and potential biomarkers to enhance the immunotherapeutic role of PD-L1 inhibitors in HCC, which can help in exploring new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sijun Yang
- Department of endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - William Chi Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yinuo Zhou
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Lawrence Wing Chi Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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20
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Pinho SA, Anjo SI, Cunha-Oliveira T. Metabolic Priming as a Tool in Redox and Mitochondrial Theragnostics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051072. [PMID: 37237939 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Theragnostics is a promising approach that integrates diagnostics and therapeutics into a single personalized strategy. To conduct effective theragnostic studies, it is essential to create an in vitro environment that accurately reflects the in vivo conditions. In this review, we discuss the importance of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function in the context of personalized theragnostic approaches. Cells have several ways to respond to metabolic stress, including changes in protein localization, density, and degradation, which can promote cell survival. However, disruption of redox homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and cellular damage, which are implicated in various diseases. Models of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction should be developed in metabolically conditioned cells to explore the underlying mechanisms of diseases and develop new therapies. By choosing an appropriate cellular model, adjusting cell culture conditions and validating the cellular model, it is possible to identify the most promising therapeutic options and tailor treatments to individual patients. Overall, we highlight the importance of precise and individualized approaches in theragnostics and the need to develop accurate in vitro models that reflect the in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia A Pinho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- PDBEB-PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Sisakhtnezhad S, Rahimi M, Mohammadi S. Biomedical applications of MnO 2 nanomaterials as nanozyme-based theranostics. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114833. [PMID: 37150035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoenzymes/nanozymes (MnO2-NEs) are 1-100 nm nanomaterials that mimic catalytic, oxidative, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. The oxidative-like activity of MnO2-NEs makes them suitable for developing effective and low-cost colorimetric detection assays of biomolecules. Interestingly, MnO2-NEs also demonstrate scavenging properties against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various pathological conditions. In addition, due to the decomposition of MnO2-NEs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the production of Mn2+, they can act as a contrast agent for improving clinical imaging diagnostics. MnO2-NEs also can use as an in situ oxygen production system in TME, thereby overcoming hypoxic conditions and their consequences in the progression of cancer. Furthermore, MnO2-NEs as a shell and coating make the nanosystems smart and, therefore, in combination with other nanomaterials, the MnO2-NEs can be used as an intelligent nanocarrier for delivering drugs, photosensitizers, and sonosensitizers in vivo. Moreover, these capabilities make MnO2-NEs a promising candidate for the detection and treatment of different human diseases such as cancer, metabolic, infectious, and inflammatory pathological conditions. MnO2-NEs also have ROS-scavenging and anti-bacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, which make them suitable for wound healing applications. Given the importance of nanomaterials and their potential applications in biomedicine, this review aimed to discuss the biochemical properties and the theranostic roles of MnO2-NEs and recent advances in their use in colorimetric detection assays of biomolecules, diagnostic imaging, drug delivery, and combinatorial therapy applications. Finally, the challenges of MnO2-NEs applications in biomedicine will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matin Rahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soheila Mohammadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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22
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Akimoto M, Susa T, Okudaira N, Koshikawa N, Hisaki H, Iizuka M, Okinaga H, Takenaga K, Okazaki T, Tamamori-Adachi M. Hypoxia induces downregulation of the tumor-suppressive sST2 in colorectal cancer cells via the HIF-nuclear IL-33-GATA3 pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218033120. [PMID: 37094129 PMCID: PMC10160999 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218033120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As a decoy receptor, soluble ST2 (sST2) interferes with the function of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-33. Decreased sST2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells promotes tumor growth via IL-33-mediated bioprocesses in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we discovered that hypoxia reduced sST2 expression in CRC cells and explored the associated molecular mechanisms, including the expression of key regulators of ST2 gene transcription in hypoxic CRC cells. In addition, the effect of the recovery of sST2 expression in hypoxic tumor regions on malignant progression was investigated using mouse CRC cells engineered to express sST2 in response to hypoxia. Our results indicated that hypoxia-dependent increases in nuclear IL-33 interfered with the transactivation activity of GATA3 for ST2 gene transcription. Most importantly, hypoxia-responsive sST2 restoration in hypoxic tumor regions corrected the inflammatory microenvironment and suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis. These results indicate that strategies targeting sST2 in hypoxic tumor regions could be effective for treating malignant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Akimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Takao Susa
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Okudaira
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Nobuko Koshikawa
- Department of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba260-8717, Japan
| | - Harumi Hisaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iizuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
- Medical Education Center, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Keizo Takenaga
- Department of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba260-8717, Japan
| | - Tomoki Okazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Mimi Tamamori-Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
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23
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Correia AS, Marques L, Vale N. The Involvement of Hypoxia in the Response of Neuroblastoma Cells to the Exposure of Atorvastatin. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3333-3346. [PMID: 37185742 PMCID: PMC10137104 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a set of complex diseases, being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite a lot of research on the molecular pathways and effective treatments, there are still huge gaps. Indeed, the development of new anti-cancer drugs is a complex process. To face this problem, drug repurposing is being increasingly applied. This approach aims to identify new indications for already approved drugs. In this regard, statins (clinically used for reducing cholesterol levels) are reported to induce anti-cancer effects, particularly by inducing apoptosis and altering the tumor microenvironment. Atorvastatin is a type of statin with several potentialities as an anti-cancer agent, supported by several studies. Our study aimed to explore the effect of this drug in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Additionally, we also aimed to understand how this drug acts under hypoxia and the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). For that purpose, we assessed cellular viability/morphology after exposure to different concentrations of atorvastatin, with or without chemically induced hypoxia with chloride cobalt (CoCl2) and with or without echinomycin (HIF-1α inhibitor). Our results supported the cytotoxic effects of atorvastatin. Additionally, we also revealed that besides these effects, under hypoxia, this drug induced proliferation of the neuroblastoma cells, supporting the importance of different stimuli and environment on the effect of drugs on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Salomé Correia
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Marques
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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24
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Yuzhakova D, Lukina M, Sachkova D, Yusubalieva G, Baklaushev V, Mozherov A, Dudenkova V, Gavrina A, Yashin K, Shirmanova M. Development of a 3D Tumor Spheroid Model from the Patient's Glioblastoma Cells and Its Study by Metabolic Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2023; 15:28-38. [PMID: 37389023 PMCID: PMC10306970 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.2.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-specific in vitro tumor models are a promising platform for studying the mechanisms of oncogenesis and personalized selection of drugs. In case of glial brain tumors, development and use of such models is particularly relevant as the effectiveness of such tumor treatment remains extremely unsatisfactory. The aim of the study was to develop a model of a 3D tumor glioblastoma spheroid based on a patient's surgical material and to study its metabolic characteristics by means of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of metabolic coenzymes. Materials and Methods The study was conducted with tumor samples from patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (Grade IV). To create spheroids, primary cultures were isolated from tumor tissue samples; the said cultures were characterized morphologically and immunocytochemically, and then planted into round-bottom ultra low-adhesion plates. The number of cells for planting was chosen empirically. The characteristics of the growth of cell cultures were compared with spheroids from glioblastomas of patients with U373 MG stable line of human glioblastoma. Visualization of autofluorescence of metabolic coenzymes of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) NAD(P)H and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in spheroids was performed by means of an LSM 880 laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany) with a FLIM module (Becker & Hickl GmbH, Germany). The autofluorescence decay parameters were studied under normoxic and hypoxic conditions (3.5% О2). Results An original protocol for 3D glioblastoma spheroids cultivation was developed. Primary glial cultures from surgical material of patients were obtained and characterized. The isolated glioblastoma cells had a spindle-shaped morphology with numerous processes and a pronounced granularity of cytoplasm. All cultures expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The optimal seeding dose of 2000 cells per well was specified; its application results in formation of spheroids with a dense structure and stable growth during 7 days. The FLIM method helped to establish that spheroid cells from the patient material had a generally similar metabolism to spheroids from the stable line, however, they demonstrated more pronounced metabolic heterogeneity. Cultivation of spheroids under hypoxic conditions revealed a transition to a more glycolytic type of metabolism, which is expressed in an increase in the contribution of the free form of NAD(P)H to fluorescence decay. Conclusion The developed model of tumor spheroids from patients' glioblastomas in combination with the FLIM can serve as a tool to study characteristics of tumor metabolism and develop predictive tests to evaluate the effectiveness of antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.V. Yuzhakova
- Researcher, Laboratory of Genomics of Adaptive Antitumor Immunity, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M.M. Lukina
- Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical and Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119435, Russia; Researcher, Laboratory of Fluorescent Bioimaging; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - D.A. Sachkova
- Master Student, Department of Biophysics; National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia; Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Fluorescent Bioimaging, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - G.M. Yusubalieva
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Cell Technologies; Federal Research and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 28 Orekhovy Blvd., Moscow, 115682, Russia; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Regeneration and Aging; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilova St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V.P. Baklaushev
- Deputy General Director for Research and Medical Technologies; Federal Research and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 28 Orekhovy Blvd., Moscow, 115682, Russia; Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Regeneration and Aging; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilova St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A.M. Mozherov
- Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Optical Spectroscopy and Microscopy, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - V.V. Dudenkova
- Researcher, Laboratory of Optical Spectroscopy and Microscopy, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - A.I. Gavrina
- Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - K.S. Yashin
- Oncologist, Neurosurgeon, Department of Oncology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, University Сlinic; Assistant, Department of Traumatology and Neurosurgery named after M.V. Kolokoltsev; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M.V. Shirmanova
- Deputy Director for Science, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
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25
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Tímár J, Honn KV, Hendrix MJC, Marko-Varga G, Jalkanen S. Newly identified form of phenotypic plasticity of cancer: immunogenic mimicry. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:323-334. [PMID: 36754910 PMCID: PMC10014767 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer plasticity is now a recognized new hallmark of cancer which is due to disturbances of cell differentiation programs. It is manifested not only in various forms like the best-known epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but also in vasculogenic and megakaryocytic mimicries regulated by EMT-specific or less-specific transcription factors such as HIF1a or STAT1/2. Studies in the past decades provided ample data that cancer plasticity can be manifested also in the expression of a vast array of immune cell genes; best-known examples are PDL1/CD274, CD47, or IDO, and we termed it immunogenic mimicry (IGM). However, unlike other types of plasticities which are epigenetically regulated, expression of IGM genes are frequently due to gene amplifications. It is important that the majority of the IGM genes are regulated by interferons (IFNs) suggesting that their protein expressions are regulated by the immune microenvironment. Most of the IGM genes have been shown to be involved in immune escape of cancers broadening the repertoire of these mechanisms and offering novel targets for immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Tímár
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mary J C Hendrix
- Department of Biology, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV, USA
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- Medicity Research Laboratories, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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26
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Zhou Y, Cheng L, Liu L, Li X. NK cells are never alone: crosstalk and communication in tumour microenvironments. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 36797782 PMCID: PMC9933398 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune escape is a hallmark of cancer. The dynamic and heterogeneous tumour microenvironment (TME) causes insufficient infiltration and poor efficacy of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy, which becomes a key factor triggering tumour progression. Understanding the crosstalk between NK cells and the TME provides new insights for optimising NK cell-based immunotherapy. Here, we present new advances in direct or indirect crosstalk between NK cells and 9 specialised TMEs, including immune, metabolic, innervated niche, mechanical, and microbial microenvironments, summarise TME-mediated mechanisms of NK cell function inhibition, and highlight potential targeted therapies for NK-TME crosstalk. Importantly, we discuss novel strategies to overcome the inhibitory TME and provide an attractive outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhou
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China ,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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27
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Sun K, Li X, Scherer PE. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and Fibrosis in Adipose Tissue: Overview and Perspectives. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4387-4407. [PMID: 36715281 PMCID: PMC9957663 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis in adipose tissue is a major driver of obesity-related metabolic dysregulation. It is characterized by an overaccumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) during unhealthy expansion of adipose tissue in response to over nutrition. In obese adipose-depots, hypoxia stimulates multiple pro-fibrotic signaling pathways in different cell populations, thereby inducing the overproduction of the ECM components, including collagens, noncollagenous proteins, and additional enzymatic components of ECM synthesis. As a consequence, local fibrosis develops. The result of fibrosis-induced mechanical stress not only triggers cell necrosis and inflammation locally in adipose tissue but also leads to system-wide lipotoxicity and insulin resistance. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the obesity-induced fibrosis will help design therapeutic approaches to reduce or reverse the pathological changes associated with obese adipose tissue. Here, we aim to summarize the major advances in the field, which include newly identified fibrotic factors, cell populations that contribute to the fibrosis in adipose tissue, as well as novel mechanisms underlying the development of fibrosis. We further discuss the potential therapeutic strategies to target fibrosis in adipose tissue for the treatment of obesity-linked metabolic diseases and cancer. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4387-4407, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
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28
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Tang R, He H, Lin X, Wu N, Wan L, Chen Q, Hu Y, Cheng C, Cao Y, Guo X, Zhou Y, Xiong X, Zheng M, Wang Q, Li F, Zhou Y, Li P. Novel combination strategy of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and checkpoint blockade boosted by bioinspired and oxygen-supplied nanoprobe for multimodal imaging-guided cancer therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006226. [PMID: 36650023 PMCID: PMC9853265 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has shown considerable promise in treating solid tumors, but its ultrasonic energy is easily attenuated, resulting in insufficient energy accumulation in the target area. Moreover, HIFU ablation alone may inevitably lead to the presence of residual tumors, which may cause tumor recurrence and metastasis. Here, we describe a synergistic regimen combining HIFU facilitation with immunomodulation based on a novel oxygen-carrying biomimetic perfluorocarbon nanoparticle (M@P-SOP) to stimulate immunogenic cell death in tumor cells while alleviating immune suppression tumor microenvironment. METHODS M@P-SOP was prepared by double emulsion and film extrusion method. The anticancer and antimetastatic effects of M@P-SOP were evaluated on a preclinical transplanted 4T1 tumor model by combining HIFU and immunotherapy. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to clarify the potential mechanism of HIFU+M@P-SOP and their role in anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) therapy. RESULTS Guided by photoacoustic/MR/ultrasound (US) multimodal imaging, M@P-SOP was abundantly enriched in tumor, which greatly enhanced HIFU's killing of tumor tissue in situ, induced stronger tumor immunogenic cell death, stimulated dendritic cell maturation and activated CD8+ T cells. At the same time, M@P-SOP released oxygen to alleviate the tumor hypoxic environment, repolarizing the protumor M2-type macrophages into antitumor M1-type. With concurrent anti-PD-L1 treatment, the antitumor immune response was further amplified to the whole body, and the growth of mimic distant tumor was effectively suppressed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offer a highly promising HIFU synergist for effectively ameliorating acoustic and hypoxia environment, eventually inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis by stimulating host's antitumor immunity under HIFU ablation, especially in synergizing with PD-L1 antibody immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongye He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Nianhong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoqi Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xun Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xialin Xiong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Faqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of ultrasound, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu City, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Duan X, Xu W, Li H, Wang M, Wang W, Lu H, Zhang Y, Han X. Nrf2-siRNA Enhanced the Anti-Tumor Effects of As 2O 3 in 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting HIF-1α/HSP70 Signaling. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:1341-1352. [PMID: 36575732 PMCID: PMC9790171 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s388077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chemoresistance is a major factor contributing to the failure of cancer treatment. The conventional chemotherapy agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been used for cancer treatment for decades. However, its use is limited in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to acquired resistance. Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) is known to be associated with drug resistance across a wide range of cancer types. Also, since arsenic trioxide (As2O3) showed antitumor effects on HCC, the purpose of this study was to determine whether As2O3 and Nrf2-siRNA could inhibit HCC synergistically. Methods We generated two separate 5-FU-resistant HCC cell lines (SNU-387/5-FU and Hep3B/5-FU). Western blotting was used to determine protein levels. An efficient lentiviral delivery system was used to establish stable knockdown or overexpression of Nrf2 and HIF-1α. In vitro and in vivo analyses of the effects of Nrf2 gene knockdown and As2O3 on 5-FU-resistant HCC cells were conducted. Results The expression of Nrf2 was higher in the 5-FU-resistant HCC cell lines than in the parental cell lines. When coupled with Nrf2 knockdown, As2O3 treatment significantly decreased 5-FU-resistant SNU-387 and Hep3B cell viability, migration, and invasion, inactivated HIF-1α/HSP70 signaling, inhibited anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) activity, and increased the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) along with caspase-3. The synergistic effect was also confirmed using a 5-FU-resistant Hep3B mouse xenograft model in vivo. Conclusion Nrf2 knockdown could improve the effect of As2O3 on reversing drug resistance in 5-FU-resistant HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Duan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenze Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manzhou Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huibin Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yancang Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yancang Zhang; Xinwei Han, Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, People’s Republic of China, 450052, Tel +86-371-66278081, Email ;
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Shayan S, Arashkia A, Azadmanesh K. Modifying oncolytic virotherapy to overcome the barrier of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Where do we stand? Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:370. [PMID: 36424577 PMCID: PMC9686061 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are completely dependent on host cell machinery for their reproduction. As a result, factors that influence the state of cells, such as signaling pathways and gene expression, could determine the outcome of viral pathogenicity. One of the important factors influencing cells or the outcome of viral infection is the level of oxygen. Recently, oncolytic virotherapy has attracted attention as a promising approach to improving cancer treatment. However, it was shown that tumor cells are mostly less oxygenated compared with their normal counterparts, which might affect the outcome of oncolytic virotherapy. Therefore, knowing how oncolytic viruses could cope with stressful environments, particularly hypoxic environments, might be essential for improving oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shayan
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 69, Pasteur Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 69, Pasteur Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kayhan Azadmanesh
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 69, Pasteur Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
The concept of precision medicine is based on the identification of hallmarks of cancer to exploit them as drug targets. The basic idea was that in this way the therapeutic modalities will be more effective and the side effects will be less. Since the majority of these novel modalities are not specific for a cancer-related biological process or a cancer-specific (mutant) target protein, it is not a surprise that we had to learn new type of side effects, because these therapeutics also affect physiological or pathological processes. Even more, in cases of some of these novel therapies we were able to discover new molecular mechanisms of physiological and pathological processes. Identification of the on-target side effects of targeted drugs can help to prevent the development of them or better manage the patients when emerge during cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Tímár
- Departments of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: József Tímár,
| | - Andrea Uhlyarik
- Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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32
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Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2022; 27:843-852. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Simultaneous Probing of Metabolism and Oxygenation of Tumors In Vivo Using FLIM of NAD(P)H and PLIM of a New Polymeric Ir(III) Oxygen Sensor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810263. [PMID: 36142177 PMCID: PMC9499414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are well adapted to grow in conditions of variable oxygen supply and hypoxia by switching between different metabolic pathways. However, the regulatory effect of oxygen on metabolism and its contribution to the metabolic heterogeneity of tumors have not been fully explored. In this study, we develop a methodology for the simultaneous analysis of cellular metabolic status, using the fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of metabolic cofactor NAD(P)H, and oxygen level, using the phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) of a new polymeric Ir(III)-based sensor (PIr3) in tumors in vivo. The sensor, derived from a polynorbornene and cyclometalated iridium(III) complex, exhibits the oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence with a 40% longer lifetime in degassed compared to aerated solutions. In vitro, hypoxia resulted in a correlative increase in PIr3 phosphorescence lifetime and free (glycolytic) NAD(P)H fraction in cells. In vivo, mouse tumors demonstrated a high degree of cellular-level heterogeneity of both metabolic and oxygen states, and a lower dependence of metabolism on oxygen than cells in vitro. The small tumors were hypoxic, while the advanced tumors contained areas of normoxia and hypoxia, which was consistent with the pimonidazole assay and angiographic imaging. Dual FLIM/PLIM metabolic/oxygen imaging will be valuable in preclinical investigations into the effects of hypoxia on metabolic aspects of tumor progression and treatment response.
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Zhang X, Luo F, Luo S, Li L, Ren X, Lin J, Liang Y, Ma C, Ding L, Zhang D, Ye T, Lin Y, Jin B, Gao S, Ye Q. Transcriptional Repression of Aerobic Glycolysis by OVOL2 in Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200705. [PMID: 35896951 PMCID: PMC9507357 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), a hallmark of cancer, plays a critical role in cancer cell growth and metastasis; however, direct inhibition of the Warburg effect remains largely unknown. Herein, the transcription factor OVO-like zinc finger 2 (OVOL2) is demonstrated to directly repress the expression of several glycolytic genes, blocking the Warburg effect and breast tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. OVOL2 inhibits glycolysis by recruiting the nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The tumor suppressor p53, a key regulator of cancer metabolism, activates OVOL2 by binding to the oncoprotein mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) and inhibiting MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of OVOL2. OVOL2 expression is negatively correlated with glycolytic gene expression and can be a good predictor of prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Therefore, targeting the p53/MDM2/OVOL2 axis provides a potential avenue for cancer treatment, especially breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Medical School of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Shaliu Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Medical School of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100037China
- Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030000China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100037China
| | - Yingchun Liang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116000China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Deyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Tianxing Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Yanni Lin
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030000China
| | - Bilian Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116000China
| | - Shan Gao
- Zhongda HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyAdvanced Institute for Life and HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
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Gallez B. The Role of Imaging Biomarkers to Guide Pharmacological Interventions Targeting Tumor Hypoxia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853568. [PMID: 35910347 PMCID: PMC9335493 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that contributes to angiogenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, altered metabolism and genomic instability. As hypoxia is a major actor in tumor progression and resistance to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, multiple approaches have emerged to target tumor hypoxia. It includes among others pharmacological interventions designed to alleviate tumor hypoxia at the time of radiation therapy, prodrugs that are selectively activated in hypoxic cells or inhibitors of molecular targets involved in hypoxic cell survival (i.e., hypoxia inducible factors HIFs, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, unfolded protein response). While numerous strategies were successful in pre-clinical models, their translation in the clinical practice has been disappointing so far. This therapeutic failure often results from the absence of appropriate stratification of patients that could benefit from targeted interventions. Companion diagnostics may help at different levels of the research and development, and in matching a patient to a specific intervention targeting hypoxia. In this review, we discuss the relative merits of the existing hypoxia biomarkers, their current status and the challenges for their future validation as companion diagnostics adapted to the nature of the intervention.
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Acharya S, Misra R. Hypoxia responsive phytonanotheranostics: A novel paradigm towards fighting cancer. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102549. [PMID: 35301157 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia enhances tumor aggressiveness, thereby reducing the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Phytomedicine, which is nowadays considered as the new panacea owing to its dynamic physiological properties, is often plagued by shortcomings. Incorporating these wonder drugs in nanoparticles (phytonanomedicine) for hypoxia therapy is a new prospect in the direction of cancer management. Similarly, the concept of phytonanotheranostics for the precise tumor lesion detection and treatment monitoring in the hypoxic scenario is going on a rampant speed. In the same line, smart nanoparticles which step in for "on-demand" drug release based on internal or external stimuli are also being explored as a new tool for cancer management. However, studies regarding these smart and tailor-made nanotheranostics in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment are very limited. The present review is an attempt to collate these smart stimuli-responsive phytonanotherapeutics in one place for initiating future research in this upcoming field for better cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbari Acharya
- School of Applied Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Ranjita Misra
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Wu YZ, Su YH, Kuo CY. Stressing the Regulatory Role of Long Non-Coding RNA in the Cellular Stress Response during Cancer Progression and Therapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051212. [PMID: 35625948 PMCID: PMC9138696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress response is an important adaptive mechanism for regulating cell fate decision when cells confront with stress. During tumorigenesis, tumor progression and the course of treatment, cellular stress signaling can activate subsequent response to deal with stress. Therefore, cellular stress response has impacts on the fate of tumor cells and tumor responsiveness relative to therapeutic agents. In recent years, attention has been drawn to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a novel class of RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length, which has little protein-coding potential and possesses various functions in multiple biological processes. Accumulating evidence has shown that lncRNAs are also engaged in the regulation of cellular stress response, particularly in cancers. Here, we summarize lncRNAs that have been reported in the adaptive response to major types of cellular stress including genotoxic, hypoxic, oxidative, metabolic and endoplasmic reticulum stress, all of which are often encountered by cancer cells. Specifically, the molecular mechanisms of how lncRNAs regulate cellular stress response during tumor progression or the development of therapy resistance are emphasized. The potential clinical applications of stress-responsive lncRNAs as biomarkers will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhen Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100229, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.W.); (Y.-H.S.)
| | - Yong-Han Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100229, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.W.); (Y.-H.S.)
| | - Ching-Ying Kuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100229, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.W.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-23123456 (ext. 66909)
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Zhao X, Liu W, Liu B, Zeng Q, Cui Z, Wang Y, Cao J, Gao Q, Zhao C, Dou J. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanism of liver cancer cells under hypoxia based on RNA sequencing. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:38. [PMID: 35590240 PMCID: PMC9121577 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of our study was to use the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) to illustrate the underlying mechanism of hypoxia in liver cancer. Methods In this study, a cell model of hypoxia was established, and autophagy activity was measured with western blotting and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of hypoxia conditions on the invasion of liver cancer cell was evaluated. RNA sequencing was used to identify DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs to explore the mechanism of hypoxia in liver cancer cells. Results We found that autophagy activation was triggered by hypoxia stress and hypoxia might promote liver cancer cell invasion. In addition, a total of 407 shared DEmRNAs and 57 shared DEmiRNAs were identified in both HCCLM3 hypoxia group and SMMC-7721 hypoxia group compared with control group. Furthermore, 278 DEmRNAs and 24 DEmiRNAs were identified as cancer hypoxia-specific DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs. Finally, we obtained 19 DEmiRNAs with high degree based on the DEmiRNA-DEmRNA interaction network. Among them, hsa-miR-483-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-214-3p and hsa-miR-296-5p may be potential gene signatures related to liver cancer hypoxia. Conclusions Our study may help to understand the potential molecular mechanism of hypoxia in liver cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-022-01055-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wenpeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baowang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ziqiang Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinglin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qingjun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Caiyan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian Dou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050051, Hebei Province, China.
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Zeng Z, Lei S, Wang J, Yang Y, Lan J, Tian Q, Chen T, Hao X. A novel hypoxia-driven gene signature that can predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12193-12210. [PMID: 35549979 PMCID: PMC9276011 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2073943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia environment exists in already started hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promotes its progression by driving changes in the gene expression profiles of cells. However, the status of hypoxia-driven genes in HCC is largely unknown. In the present study, 368 HCC tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas were divided into high and low hypoxia groups according to their hypoxia signatures. A total of 1,142 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two groups, and 34 of these DEGs were highly expressed in HCC tissues compared with adjacent tissues, especially in HCC tissues from patients with stage III-IV HCC. After constructing a protein-protein interaction network and applying the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression method for 34 DEGs, a three-gene signature (complement factor H related 3 [CFHR3], egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3 [EGLN3], and chromogranin A [CHGA]) was constructed and had prognostic value to predicted outcome of patients with HCC. This three-gene signature was suitable for classifying patients with HCC in the International Cancer Genome Consortium. CFHR3 shows remarkable diagnostic value in HCC. Hypoxia decreased CFHR3 expression, but increased HCC cell proliferation and motility. Overexpression of CFHR3 in HCC cells under hypoxia reversed the stimulatory effects of hypoxia and suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, we identified a novel hypoxia-driven gene signature (CFHR3, EGLN3, and CHGA) for reliable prognostic prediction of HCC, and demonstrated that overexpression of CFHR3 may be a potential strategy to overcome hypoxia and treat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Zeng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Lei
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yushi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinzhi Lan
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qianting Tian
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Precision Medicine Research Institute of Guizhou Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
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Shurin MR, Umansky V. Cross-talk between HIF and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways in carcinogenesis and therapy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:159473. [PMID: 35499071 PMCID: PMC9057611 DOI: 10.1172/jci159473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated hypoxia plays an important role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. The expression, activation, and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) support malignant cell survival, proliferation, plasticity, and motility. Hypoxia also upregulates the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in malignant and immune regulatory cells. Therefore, the combination of HIF inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) is promising for boosting antitumor immunity and diminishing malignant cell plasticity and therapy resistance. In this issue of the JCI, Salman et al. report the development of a specific agent that inhibited HIF-1/2–mediated gene expression in tumor cells and suppressed tumor growth. Bailey, Liu, et al. in this issue demonstrate that targeting HIF-1α abrogated PD-L1–mediated immune evasion by suppressing PD-L1 expression on malignant and myeloid regulatory cells, causing tumor rejection. These findings suggest that targeting the HIF/PD-L1 axis with specific HIF inhibitors should improve the safety and efficacy of CPIs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Shurin
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Herst PM, Carson GM, Eccles DA, Berridge MV. Bioenergetic and Metabolic Adaptation in Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:857686. [PMID: 35372069 PMCID: PMC8968714 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.857686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to adjust their metabolism in response to environmental changes is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer. Diverse cancer and non-cancer cells within tumors compete for metabolic resources. Metabolic demands change frequently during tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, challenging our quest to better understand tumor biology and develop novel therapeutics. Vascularization, physical constraints, immune responses and genetic instability promote tumor evolution resulting in immune evasion, opportunities to breach basement membrane barriers and spread through the circulation and lymphatics. In addition, the unfolded protein response linked to the ubiquitin proteasome system is a key player in addressing stoichiometric imbalances between nuclear and mitochondrially-encoded protein subunits of respiratory complexes, and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial ribosomal protein subunits. While progressive genetic changes, some of which affect metabolic adaptability, contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis through clonal expansion, epigenetic changes are also important and more dynamic in nature. Understanding the role of stromal and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment in remodeling cancer cell energy metabolism has become an increasingly important area of research. In this perspective, we discuss the adaptations made by cancer cells to balance mitochondrial and glycolytic energy metabolism. We discuss how hypoxia and nutrient limitations affect reductive and oxidative stress through changes in mitochondrial electron transport activity. We propose that integrated responses to cellular stress in cancer cells are central to metabolic flexibility in general and bioenergetic adaptability in particular and are paramount in tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patries M. Herst
- Department of Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Patries M. Herst, ; Michael V. Berridge,
| | - Georgia M. Carson
- Department of Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David A. Eccles
- Department of Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michael V. Berridge
- Department of Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Patries M. Herst, ; Michael V. Berridge,
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Understanding metabolic alterations and heterogeneity in cancer progression through validated immunodetection of key molecular components: a case of carbonic anhydrase IX. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 40:1035-1053. [PMID: 35080763 PMCID: PMC8825433 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metabolic heterogeneity develops in response to both intrinsic factors (mutations leading to activation of oncogenic pathways) and extrinsic factors (physiological and molecular signals from the extracellular milieu). Here we review causes and consequences of metabolic alterations in cancer cells with focus on hypoxia and acidosis, and with particular attention to carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX). CA IX is a cancer-associated enzyme induced and activated by hypoxia in a broad range of tumor types, where it participates in pH regulation as well as in molecular mechanisms supporting cancer cells’ invasion and metastasis. CA IX catalyzes reversible conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ion plus proton and cooperates with a spectrum of molecules transporting ions or metabolites across the plasma membrane. Thereby CA IX contributes to extracellular acidosis as well as to buffering intracellular pH, which is essential for cell survival, metabolic performance, and proliferation of cancer cells. Since CA IX expression pattern reflects gradients of oxygen, pH, and other intratumoral factors, we use it as a paradigm to discuss an impact of antibody quality and research material on investigating metabolic reprogramming of tumor tissue. Based on the validation, we propose the most reliable CA IX-specific antibodies and suggest conditions for faithful immunohistochemical analysis of molecules contributing to heterogeneity in cancer progression.
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Wiechec E, Matic N, Ali A, Roberg K. Hypoxia induces radioresistance, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell‑like phenotype and changes in genes possessing multiple biological functions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:58. [PMID: 35059742 PMCID: PMC8808704 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia has been linked with increased resistance to treatment in various solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of the present study was to identify genes involved in hypoxia‑mediated responses to radiotherapy in HNSCC. A total of three HNSCC cell lines with an epithelial phenotype were selected for this study and cultured under normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. The sensitivity of the HNSCC cells to radiotherapy was assessed by a crystal violet assay. Western blotting (for protein expression), cDNA microarrays and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (for gene expression) were also applied. Small interfering RNA silencing was used to knock down target genes. The results revealed that hypoxia negatively affected the response of HNSCC cells to radiotherapy. Of note, increased levels of N‑cadherin, vimentin and fibronectin, as well as stem cell‑associated transcription factors, were observed under hypoxia. The microarray analysis revealed a number of hypoxia‑regulated genes that were involved in multiple biological functions. However, downregulation of hypoxia‑regulated genes did not affect sensitivity to radiotherapy of the investigated cell lines. Taken together, the present findings indicated several important pathways and genes that were involved in hypoxia and radiotherapy resistance. It is hypothesized that panels of reported hypoxia‑regulated genes may be useful for the prediction of radiotherapy responses in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Wiechec
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Natasa Matic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Linköping, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Region Östergötland, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ashfaq Ali
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory; Department of Immune Technology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Roberg
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
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Metabolic Features of Tumor Dormancy: Possible Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030547. [PMID: 35158815 PMCID: PMC8833651 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor recurrence still represents a major clinical challenge for cancer patients. Cancer cells may undergo a dormant state for long times before re-emerging. Both intracellular- and extracellular-driven pathways are involved in maintaining the dormant state and the subsequent awakening, with a mechanism that is still mostly unknown. In this scenario, cancer metabolism is emerging as a critical driver of tumor progression and dissemination and have gained increasing attention in cancer research. This review focuses on the metabolic adaptations characterizing the dormant phenotype and supporting tumor re-growth. Deciphering the metabolic adaptation sustaining tumor dormancy may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches to prevent tumor recurrence based on combined metabolic drugs. Abstract Tumor relapse represents one of the main obstacles to cancer treatment. Many patients experience cancer relapse even decades from the primary tumor eradication, developing more aggressive and metastatic disease. This phenomenon is associated with the emergence of dormant cancer cells, characterized by cell cycle arrest and largely insensitive to conventional anti-cancer therapies. These rare and elusive cells may regain proliferative abilities upon the induction of cell-intrinsic and extrinsic factors, thus fueling tumor re-growth and metastasis formation. The molecular mechanisms underlying the maintenance of resistant dormant cells and their awakening are intriguing but, currently, still largely unknown. However, increasing evidence recently underlined a strong dependency of cell cycle progression to metabolic adaptations of cancer cells. Even if dormant cells are frequently characterized by a general metabolic slowdown and an increased ability to cope with oxidative stress, different factors, such as extracellular matrix composition, stromal cells influence, and nutrient availability, may dictate specific changes in dormant cells, finally resulting in tumor relapse. The main topic of this review is deciphering the role of the metabolic pathways involved in tumor cells dormancy to provide new strategies for selectively targeting these cells to prevent fatal recurrence and maximize therapeutic benefit.
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Harmati M, Bukva M, Böröczky T, Buzás K, Gyukity-Sebestyén E. The role of the metabolite cargo of extracellular vesicles in tumor progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:1203-1221. [PMID: 34957539 PMCID: PMC8825386 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomic reprogramming in tumor and stroma cells is a hallmark of cancer but understanding its effects on the metabolite composition and function of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) is still in its infancy. EVs are membrane-bound sacs with a complex molecular composition secreted by all living cells. They are key mediators of intercellular communication both in normal and pathological conditions and play a crucial role in tumor development. Although lipids are major components of EVs, most of the EV cargo studies have targeted proteins and nucleic acids. The potential of the EV metabolome as a source for biomarker discovery has gained recognition recently, but knowledge on the biological activity of tumor EV metabolites still remains limited. Therefore, we aimed (i) to compile the list of metabolites identified in tumor EVs isolated from either clinical specimens or in vitro samples and (ii) describe their role in tumor progression through literature search and pathway analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Harmati
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre - Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mátyás Bukva
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre - Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tímea Böröczky
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre - Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Buzás
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre - Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edina Gyukity-Sebestyén
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre - Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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