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Mendes SG, Combo SI, Allain T, Domingues S, Buret AG, Da Silva GJ. Co-regulation of biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:1405-1423. [PMID: 37897520 PMCID: PMC10651561 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged globally as a major threat to the healthcare system. It is now listed by the World Health Organization as a priority one for the need of new therapeutic agents. A. baumannii has the capacity to develop robust biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilm development allows these bacteria to resist various environmental stressors, including antibiotics and lack of nutrients or water, which in turn allows the persistence of A. baumannii in the hospital environment and further outbreaks. Investigation into therapeutic alternatives that will act on both biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is sorely needed. The aim of the present review is to critically discuss the various mechanisms by which AMR and biofilm formation may be co-regulated in A. baumannii in an attempt to shed light on paths towards novel therapeutic opportunities. After discussing the clinical importance of A. baumannii, this critical review highlights biofilm-formation genes that may be associated with the co-regulation of AMR. Particularly worthy of consideration are genes regulating the quorum sensing system AbaI/AbaR, AbOmpA (OmpA protein), Bap (biofilm-associated protein), the two-component regulatory system BfmRS, the PER-1 β-lactamase, EpsA, and PTK. Finally, this review discusses ongoing experimental therapeutic strategies to fight A. baumannii infections, namely vaccine development, quorum sensing interference, nanoparticles, metal ions, natural products, antimicrobial peptides, and phage therapy. A better understanding of the mechanisms that co-regulate biofilm formation and AMR will help identify new therapeutic targets, as combined approaches may confer synergistic benefits for effective and safer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio G Mendes
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia I Combo
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thibault Allain
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sara Domingues
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andre G Buret
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gabriela J Da Silva
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
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DeMichele E, Sosnowski O, Buret AG, Allain T. Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host-Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1598. [PMID: 37375100 PMCID: PMC10303274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Body tissues are subjected to various oxygenic gradients and fluctuations and hence can become transiently hypoxic. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master transcriptional regulator of the cellular hypoxic response and is capable of modulating cellular metabolism, immune responses, epithelial barrier integrity, and local microbiota. Recent reports have characterized the hypoxic response to various infections. However, little is known about the role of HIF activation in the context of protozoan parasitic infections. Growing evidence suggests that tissue and blood protozoa can activate HIF and subsequent HIF target genes in the host, helping or hindering their pathogenicity. In the gut, enteric protozoa are adapted to steep longitudinal and radial oxygen gradients to complete their life cycle, yet the role of HIF during these protozoan infections remains unclear. This review focuses on the hypoxic response to protozoa and its role in the pathophysiology of parasitic infections. We also discuss how hypoxia modulates host immune responses in the context of protozoan infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily DeMichele
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Kachingwe G, Carletti F, Adan G, Jäger H, Henrion M, Kampondeni S, Joekes E, Chetcuti K, Swayne O, Heyderman R, Allain T, Mwandumba H, Solomon T, Werring D, Benjamin L. CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV-ASSOCIATED INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE IN MALAWI. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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Abstract
Gut microbiota contain communities of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and Eukarya, and live as biofilms. In health, these biofilms adhere to the intestinal mucus surface without contacting the epithelium. Disruptions to the equilibrium between these biofilms and the host may create invasive pathobionts from these commensal communities and contribute to disease pathogenesis. Environmental factors appear to dominate over genetics in determining the shifts in microbiota populations and function, including when comparing microbiota between low-income and industrialized countries. The observations discussed herein carry enormous potential for the development of novel therapies targeting phenotype in microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions program, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Host-Parasite Interactions program, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Forbes N, Elmunzer BJ, Allain T, Parkins MD, Sheth PM, Waddell BJ, Du K, Douchant K, Oladipo O, Saleem A, Cartwright S, Chau M, Howarth M, McKay J, Nashad T, Ruan Y, Bishay K, Gonzalez-Moreno E, Meng ZW, Bass S, Bechara R, Cole MJ, Jalink DW, Mohamed R, Turbide C, Belletrutti PJ, Kayal A, Kumar PR, Hilsden RJ, Buret AG, Hookey L, Heitman SJ. Effect of Disposable Elevator Cap Duodenoscopes on Persistent Microbial Contamination and Technical Performance of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: The ICECAP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:191-200. [PMID: 36689215 PMCID: PMC9871945 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.6394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Importance Infection transmission following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can occur due to persistent contamination of duodenoscopes despite high-level disinfection to completely eliminate microorganisms on the instrument. Objective To determine (1) contamination rates after high-level disinfection and (2) technical performance of duodenoscopes with disposable elevator caps compared with those with standard designs. Design, Setting, and Participants In this parallel-arm multicenter randomized clinical trial at 2 tertiary ERCP centers in Canada, all patients 18 years and older and undergoing ERCP for any indication were eligible. Intervention The intervention was use of duodenoscopes with disposable elevator caps compared with duodenoscopes with a standard design. Main Outcomes and Measures Coprimary outcomes were persistent microbial contamination of the duodenoscope elevator or channel, defined as growth of at least 10 colony-forming units of any organism or any growth of gram-negative bacteria following high-level disinfection (superiority outcome), and technical success of ERCP according to a priori criteria (noninferiority outcome with an a priori noninferiority margin of 7%), assessed by blinded reviewers. Results From December 2019 to February 2022, 518 patients were enrolled (259 disposable elevator cap duodenoscopes, 259 standard duodenoscopes). Patients had a mean (SD) age of 60.7 (17.0) years and 258 (49.8%) were female. No significant differences were observed between study groups, including in ERCP difficulty. Persistent microbial contamination was detected in 11.2% (24 of 214) of standard duodenoscopes and 3.8% (8 of 208) of disposable elevator cap duodenoscopes (P = .004), corresponding to a relative risk of 0.34 (95% CI, 0.16-0.75) and number needed to treat of 13.6 (95% CI, 8.1-42.7) to avoid persistent contamination. Technical success using the disposable cap scope was noninferior to that of the standard scope (94.6% vs 90.7%, P = .13). There were no differences between study groups in adverse events and other secondary outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, disposable elevator cap duodenoscopes exhibited reduced contamination following high-level disinfection compared with standard scope designs, without affecting the technical performance and safety of ERCP. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04040504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauzer Forbes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B. Joseph Elmunzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael D. Parkins
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prameet M. Sheth
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara J. Waddell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristine Du
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katya Douchant
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olajumoke Oladipo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - April Saleem
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane Cartwright
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Millie Chau
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan Howarth
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jackie McKay
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tamim Nashad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yibing Ruan
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kirles Bishay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez-Moreno
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhao Wu Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sydney Bass
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert Bechara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin J. Cole
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Rachid Mohamed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian Turbide
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul J. Belletrutti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ahmed Kayal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Puja R. Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert J. Hilsden
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - André G. Buret
- Department of Biological Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lawrence Hookey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J. Heitman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Fekete E, Allain T, Buret A. Altered Mucosal Glycosylation Patterns during
Giardia spp
. Infection are Time‐Dependent and Tissue‐Specific. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fekete
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB
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Lockhart J, Allain T, Buret A, Morck D. Anaerobic Bacterial Biofilms Inhibit Neutrophil Responses via the Release of Stable Small‐Molecule Effectors. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Sosnowski O, Allain T, Fekete E, McKay DM, Buret AG. The Interplay Between Enteric Tuft Cell Responses and
Giardia
Colonization. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Fekete
- Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB
| | - Derek M. McKay
- Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB
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Allain T, DeMichele E, Stearns JC, Yunker W, Buret AG. Role of Oral Microbiota Biofilms in Recurrent Tonsillitis and Sleep‐Disordered Breathing in Children. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r4279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Warren Yunker
- Department of SurgeryCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB
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Evain JN, Allain T, Dilworth K, Bertrand B, Rabattu PY, Mortamet G, Desgranges FP, Bouvet L, Payen JF. Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents in children before general anaesthesia for acute appendicitis. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:668-673. [PMID: 35319093 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that a minority of adults with acute appendicitis have gastric contents, posing an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration. This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of children with acute appendicitis who have gastric contents considered to pose a higher risk of pulmonary aspiration. We analysed point-of-care gastric ultrasound data routinely collected in children before emergency appendicectomy in a specialist paediatric hospital over a 30-month period. Based on qualitative and quantitative antral assessment in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions, gastric contents were classified as 'higher-risk' (clear liquid with calculated gastric fluid volume > 0.8 ml.kg-1 , thick liquid or solid) or 'lower-risk' of pulmonary aspiration. The 115 children studied had a mean (SD) age of 11 (3) years; 37 (32%; 95%CI: 24-42%) presented with higher-risk gastric contents, including 15 (13%; 95%CI: 8-21%) with solid/thick liquid contents. Gastric contents could not be determined in 13 children as ultrasound examination was not feasible in the right lateral decubitus position. No cases of pulmonary aspiration occurred. This study shows that gastric ultrasound is feasible in children before emergency appendicectomy. This technique showed a range of gastric content measurements, which could contribute towards defining the risk of pulmonary aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-N Evain
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - T Allain
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - K Dilworth
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - B Bertrand
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - P-Y Rabattu
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - G Mortamet
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - F-P Desgranges
- Department of Anaesthesia, Villefranche-sur-Saône Hospital, Villefranche-sur-Saône, France
| | - L Bouvet
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - J-F Payen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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Sosnowski O, Allain T, Fekete E, Mckay DM, Buret A. A56 TUFT CELL RESPONSES DURING ACUTE- AND LATE-STAGE GIARDIA INFECTION. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859371 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial tuft cells can detect and respond to enteric infections and appear to help clear some intestinal parasites. Through tuft cell luminal surface receptors, tuft cells can sense ligands directly supplied by a parasite, or indirectly via excretory/secretory products. We hypothesize that microbiome alterations may also modulate tuft cell-derived gut responses. Tuft cells release the alarmin cytokine IL-25 which, upon acting on type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), ultimately lead to tuft and goblet cell hyperplasia. Upon helminth infections, tuft and goblet cell hyperplasia occurred concurrently, and coincided with the peak of infection. The role of tuft cells in infections with the enteric protozoan parasite Giardia sp. is unknown. The aim of our study is to characterize how tuft cells may be implicated in the pathophysiology of giardiasis, in an attempt to uncover novel regulatory pathways of intestinal physiology. Aims In this study, we aim to characterise the tuft cell response to Giardia infection during acute and late stages of infection and to assess goblet cell hyperplasia. Methods 5–7-week-old C57BL/6 mice and tuft cell-deficient mice ( Pou2f3-/-) were orally gavaged with 5x104Giardia muris trophozoites and scarified at days 4, 11 and 21 post-infection. Parasite burden was assessed in the duodenum. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) – a marker of tuft cells – was performed on C57BL/6 mice jejunum tissue sections and the number of tuft cells was quantified. Goblet cells were quantified in PAS/AB-stained jejunum sections. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed on Dclk1, the epithelial secretory cell transcription factor Atoh1, and the mucus gene Muc2. Results G. muris infected C57BL/6 mice displayed high parasite load at days 4 ( p<0.05) and 11 ( p<0.05), with no or low parasite burden at day 21 ( p<0.05). Pou2f3-/- mice showed less robust parasite burden at days 4 and 11, and similar low parasite burden at day 21, compared to WT mice. At day 21, tuft cell (DCLK1+) counts ( p<0.05) and Dclk1 mRNA expression levels were increased in Giardia infected mice in the jejunum. Goblet cell number and Atoh1 and Muc2 expression were increased at day 4 post-infection. Conclusions The data demonstrate that tuft cells expand late in Giardia infection, suggesting that upon parasite infection, tuft cells may possess roles in tissue repair or clearance of infection. Tuft cell-deficient mice ( Pou2f3-/-) had lower parasite burden early in Giardia infection, counter-intuitively suggesting that tuft cells may facilitate trophozoite colonization, further highlighting the novelty of these findings. The crosstalk between tuft cells, Giardia, and other host responses during acute and late stages of infection remain to be fully characterised. Funding Agencies NSERC
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sosnowski
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T Allain
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - E Fekete
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - D M Mckay
- Physiology & Pharmacology, Uni. Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Buret
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Abstract
Significance: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an important regulator of physiology and health, helps resolve inflammation and promotes tissue repair in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent Advances: Gut microbiota live as a multispecies biofilm in close interaction with the upper mucus layer lining the epithelium. The relative abundance, spatial organization, and function of these microorganisms affect a broad range of health outcomes. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of our understanding of the cross talk between H2S, the gut microbiota, and health. H2S can have toxic or therapeutic effects, depending on its concentration and source. When produced at excessive concentrations by local microbiota, H2S may cause mucus disruption and inflammation and contribute to development of cancer. In contrast, low levels of endogenous or exogenous H2S directly stabilize mucus layers, prevent fragmentation and adherence of the microbiota biofilm to the epithelium, inhibit the release of invasive pathobionts, and help resolve inflammation and tissue injury. Although scarce, research findings suggest that dietary H2S obtained from plants or ingestion of the H2S precursor, L-cysteine, may also modulate the abundance and function of microbiota. Critical Issues: A critical issue is the lack of understanding of the metagenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic alterations that characterize the interactions between H2S and gut microbiota to shape health outcomes. Future Directions: The ambivalent roles of H2S in the gut offer a fertile ground for research on such critical issues. The findings will improve our understanding of how H2S modulates the microbiota to affect body function and will help identify novel therapeutic strategies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 211-219.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre G Buret
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Antibe Therapeutics, Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, INSERM U1220, Toulouse, France
| | - John L Wallace
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Antibe Therapeutics, Inc., Toronto, Canada
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Fekete E, Allain T, Amat CB, Mihara K, Saifeddine M, Hollenberg MD, Chadee K, Buret AG. Giardia duodenalis cysteine proteases cleave proteinase-activated receptor-2 to regulate intestinal goblet cell mucin gene expression. Int J Parasitol 2022; 52:285-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rajeev S, Sosnowski O, Li S, Allain T, Buret AG, McKay DM. Enteric Tuft Cells in Host-Parasite Interactions. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091163. [PMID: 34578195 PMCID: PMC8467374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells gaining attention in the field of host-parasite interactions. Expressing a repertoire of chemosensing receptors and mediators, these cells have the potential to detect lumen-dwelling helminth and protozoan parasites and coordinate epithelial, immune, and neuronal cell defenses against them. This review highlights the versatility of enteric tuft cells and sub-types thereof, showcasing nuances of tuft cell responses to different parasites, with a focus on helminths reflecting the current state of the field. The role of enteric tuft cells in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal viral infection is assessed in the context of concomitant infection with parasites. Finally, the review presents pertinent questions germane to understanding the enteric tuft cell and its role in enteric parasitic infections. There is much to be done to fully elucidate the response of this intriguing cell type to parasitic-infection and there is negligible data on the biology of the human enteric tuft cell—a glaring gap in knowledge that must be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Rajeev
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Shuhua Li
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Thibault Allain
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - André G. Buret
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Derek M. McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-403-220-7362
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Siddiq A, Allain T, Dong G, Olivier M, Buret A. Giardia
releases extracellular vesicles which can modulate growth and behavior of commensal bacteria. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.01946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Fekete E, Amat C, Allain T, Mihara K, Hollenberg M, Chadee K, Buret A. Structural and Chemical Alterations to the Intestinal Mucus Barrier during
Giardia duodenalis
Infection. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Prat M, Salon M, Allain T, Dubreuil O, Noël G, Preisser L, Jean B, Cassard L, Lemée F, Tabah-Fish I, Pipy B, Jeannin P, Prost JF, Barret JM, Coste A. Murlentamab, a Low Fucosylated Anti-Müllerian Hormone Type II Receptor (AMHRII) Antibody, Exhibits Anti-Tumor Activity through Tumor-Associated Macrophage Reprogrammation and T Cell Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081845. [PMID: 33924378 PMCID: PMC8070390 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary AMHRII, the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor, is selectively expressed in normal sexual organs in healthy adults but is also re-expressed in ovarian, colorectal and lung cancers. In this context, we developed murlentamab, a humanized glyco-engineered anti-AMHRII monoclonal antibody, currently in clinical trial. Preliminary data suggest that murlentamab anti-tumor activity involves immune response activation. Thus, in vitro experiments were performed to precisely characterize the murlentamab effect on the human immune system. We show that murlentamab treatment is associated with evidences of innate and adaptive immune cell activation in cancer patient samples. Moreover, we demonstrate that the murlentamab opsonization of AMHRII-expressing ovarian tumor cells promotes a polarization switch of both naïve and tumor-associated macrophages towards an anti-tumor M1-like phenotype. Our work also supports that, through macrophage reeducation, murlentamab activates an anti-tumor adaptive immune response. Finally, the combination of murlentamab with pembrolizumab confirmed novel clinical perspectives of murlentamab association with checkpoint inhibitors and other immuno-modulators. Abstract AMHRII, the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor, is selectively expressed in normal sexual organs but is also re-expressed in gynecologic cancers. Hence, we developed murlentamab, a humanized glyco-engineered anti-AMHRII monoclonal antibody currently in clinical trial. Low-fucosylated antibodies are known to increase the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) potency of effector cells, but some preliminary results suggest a more global murlentamab-dependent activation of the immune system. In this context, we demonstrate here that the murlentamab opsonization of AMHRII-expressing ovarian tumor cells, in the presence of unstimulated- or tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-like macrophages, significantly promotes macrophage-mediated ADCC and shifts the whole microenvironment towards a pro-inflammatory and anti-tumoral status, thus triggering anti-tumor activity. We also report that murlentamab orients both unstimulated- and TAM-like macrophages to an M1-like phenotype characterized by a strong expression of co-stimulation markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, favoring T cell recruitment and activation. Moreover, we show that murlentamab treatment shifts CD4+ Th1/Th2 balance towards a Th1 response and activates CD8+ T cells. Altogether, these results suggest that murlentamab, through naïve macrophage orientation and TAM reprogrammation, stimulates the anti-tumor adaptive immune response. Those mechanisms might contribute to the sustained clinical benefit observed in advanced cancer patients treated with murlentamab. Finally, the enhanced murlentamab activity in combination with pembrolizumab opens new therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Prat
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (M.P.); (M.S.); (T.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Marie Salon
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (M.P.); (M.S.); (T.A.); (B.P.)
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, UPS, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Allain
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (M.P.); (M.S.); (T.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Olivier Dubreuil
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Grégory Noël
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Laurence Preisser
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, CHU Angers, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (L.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Bérangère Jean
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Gustave Roussy, 94905 Villejuif, France;
| | - Fanny Lemée
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Isabelle Tabah-Fish
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Bernard Pipy
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (M.P.); (M.S.); (T.A.); (B.P.)
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, UPS, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Jeannin
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, CHU Angers, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (L.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Jean-François Prost
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Jean-Marc Barret
- GamaMabs Pharma, 31106 Toulouse, France; (O.D.); (B.J.); (F.L.); (J.-F.P.); (J.-M.B.)
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (M.P.); (M.S.); (T.A.); (B.P.)
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, UPS, 31100 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-534-609-501
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18
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Shrivastava R, Shrivastava R, Johansen B, Allain T. Anti-Inflammatory and Antiviral Osmotic Polymeric Film to Treat Covid-19 Early-Stage Infection. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1195-1206. [PMID: 33833542 PMCID: PMC8019615 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s306434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 infection starts in the nasal cavity when viral S1 and RBD proteins bind to the host cell ACE2 receptors, the virus multiplies, causes cell lysis, and enters the circulation. This triggers a strong cytokine release and inflammation of the nasal mucosa. A multitarget approach of cleaning the nasal mucosa and suppressing chances of nasal and systemic inflammation should minimize severe respiratory consequences. Unfortunately, no such treatments are yet available. METHODS We describe the conception of an osmotic polymeric film using an in vitro nasal mucosa mimicking model, containing polymers to neutralize Covid-19 specific viral S1, RBD proteins and selected proinflammatory cytokines. RESULTS The filmogen barrier forms a stable and osmotic film on the nasal mucosa. Hypotonic liquid exudation from the nasal surface detaches and drains the inflammatory cytokines and other contaminants towards the film where selected polymers bind and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 and RBD protein as well as Covid-19 disease-specific key pro-inflammatory IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-13, and GM-CSF cytokines. CONCLUSION Minimizing the nasal surface concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and viruses should help nasal mucosa repair and avoid immune stress. This nearly instant, simple, scientific, safe, and logical approach should help attenuate Covid-19 induced systemic inflammation at an early stage without being affected by viral S1 spike protein mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thibault Allain
- Laboratoire SANABEL, Paris, 75011, France
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
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19
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Fekete E, Amat CB, Allain T, Hollenberg M, Mihara K, Chadee K, Buret A. A50 MODULATION OF GOBLET CELL ACTIVITY DURING GIARDIA DUODENALIS INFECTION: A ROLE FOR PAR2. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Giardia duodenalis has been shown to alter the structure of the intestinal mucus layers during infection via obscure mechanisms. We hypothesize that goblet cell activity may be disrupted in part due to proteolytic activation of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) by Giardia proteases, resulting in disruption of mucus production and secretion by intestinal goblet cells.
Aims
Characterize alterations in goblet cell activity during Giardia infection, focusing on the roles of Giardia protease activity and PAR2.
Methods
Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with nano-luciferase tagged PAR2 were incubated with Giardia NF or GSM trophozoites. Cleavage within the activation domain results in release of enzymes into the supernatant. Luminescence in the supernatant was measured as an indication of PAR cleavage by Giardia.
LS174T, a human colonic mucus-producing cell line, was infected with Giardia trophozoites (isolates NF, WB, S2, and GSM). Prior to infection, trophozoites were treated with E64, a broad-spectrum cysteine protease inhibitor, and LS174T were treated with a PAR2 antagonist, a calcium chelator, or an ERK1/2 inhibitor. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed for the MUC2 mucin gene.
Wild-type (WT) and PAR2 knockout (KO) mice were infected with Giardia. Colonic mucus was stained using fluorescein-coupled wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA), and qPCR was performed for Muc2 and Muc5ac.
Results
Giardia trophozoites cleaved PAR2 within the N-terminal activation domain in a cysteine protease-dependent manner. Cleavage was isolate dependent, with isolates that show higher protease activity cleaving at a higher rate.
High protease activity Giardia isolates increased MUC2 gene expression in LS714T. This increase was attenuated by inhibition of Giardia cysteine protease activity, and by antagonism of PAR2, inhibition of calcium release, or inhibition of ERK1/2 activity in LS174T cells.
Both Muc2 and Muc5ac expression were upregulated in the colons of WT mice in response to Giardia infection, while in the jejunum Muc2 expression decreased and Muc5ac expression increased. In KO, no changes in gene expression were seen in the colon in response to Giardia infection, while in the jejunum, Muc2 expression was unchanged and Muc5ac expression decreased. Both WT infected and KO noninfected mice showed thinning of the colonic mucus layer compared to WT controls. There was some recovery in thickness in KO infected mice.
Conclusions
PAR2 plays a significant role in the regulation of mucin gene expression in mice and in a human colonic cell line. Results suggest that Giardia cysteine proteases cleave and activate PAR2, leading to calcium release and activation of the MAPK pathway in goblet cells, ultimately leading to altered mucin gene expression. Findings identify a novel regulatory pathway for mucus production by intestinal goblet cells.
Funding Agencies
CAG, CCC
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fekete
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C B Amat
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T Allain
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Hollenberg
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Mihara
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Chadee
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Buret
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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20
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Fekete E, Allain T, Siddiq A, Sosnowski O, Buret AG. Giardia spp. and the Gut Microbiota: Dangerous Liaisons. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:618106. [PMID: 33510729 PMCID: PMC7835142 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.618106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of the intestinal microbiome by enteropathogens is commonly associated with gastrointestinal diseases and disorders and has far-reaching consequences for overall health. Significant advances have been made in understanding the role of microbial dysbiosis during intestinal infections, including infection with the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis, one of the most prevalent gut protozoa. Altered species composition and diversity, functional changes in the commensal microbiota, and changes to intestinal bacterial biofilm structure have all been demonstrated during the course of Giardia infection and have been implicated in Giardia pathogenesis. Conversely, the gut microbiota has been found to regulate parasite colonization and establishment and plays a critical role in immune modulation during mono and polymicrobial infections. These disruptions to the commensal microbiome may contribute to a number of acute, chronic, and post-infectious clinical manifestations of giardiasis and may account for variations in disease presentation within and between infected populations. This review discusses recent advances in characterizing Giardia-induced bacterial dysbiosis in the gut and the roles of dysbiosis in Giardia pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fekete
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Affan Siddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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21
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Costa SKPF, Muscara MN, Allain T, Dallazen J, Gonzaga L, Buret AG, Vaughan DJ, Fowler CJ, de Nucci G, Wallace JL. Enhanced Analgesic Effects and Gastrointestinal Safety of a Novel, Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Anti-Inflammatory Drug (ATB-352): A Role for Endogenous Cannabinoids. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1003-1009. [PMID: 32064887 PMCID: PMC7578177 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The covalent linking of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to a hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing moiety has been shown to dramatically reduce gastrointestinal (GI) damage and bleeding, as well as increase anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency. We have tested the hypothesis that an H2S-releasing derivative of ketoprofen (ATB-352) would exhibit enhanced efficacy without significant GI damage in a mouse model of allodynia/hyperalgesia. Results: ATB-352 was significantly more potent and effective as an analgesic than ketoprofen and did not elicit GI damage. Pretreatment with an antagonist of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor (AM251) significantly reduced the analgesic effects of ATB-352. The CB1 antagonist exacerbated GI damage when coadministered with ketoprofen, but GI damage was not induced by the combination of ATB-352 and the CB1 antagonist. In vitro, ATB-352 was substantially more potent than ketoprofen as an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase, consistent with a contribution of endogenous cannabinoids to the analgesic effects of this drug. Blood anandamide levels were significantly depressed by ketoprofen, but remained unchanged after treatment with ATB-352. Innovation: Ketoprofen is a potent analgesic, but its clinical use, even in the short term, is significantly limited by its propensity to cause significant ulceration and bleeding in the GI tract. Covalently linking an H2S-releasing moiety to ketoprofen profoundly reduces the GI toxicity of the drug, while boosting analgesic effectiveness. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a marked enhancement of the potency and effectiveness of ATB-352, an H2S-releasing derivative of ketoprofen, in part, through the involvement of the endogenous cannabinoid system. This may have significant advantages for the control and management of pain, such as in a postoperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia K P F Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N Muscara
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jorge Dallazen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Gonzaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Christopher J Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gilberto de Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - John L Wallace
- Antibe Therapeutics, Inc., Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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22
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Siddiq A, Allain T, Dong G, Olivier M, Buret A. Giardia
extracellular vesicles disrupt intestinal epithelial junctions and inhibit the growth of commensal bacteria while increasing their swimming motility. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Fekete ER, Amat C, Allain T, Mihara K, Hollenberg M, Chadee K, Buret A. Alterations to Mucus Production and Secretion during
Giardia
Infection Involve
Giardia
Protease Activity and PAR2 Activation. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Allain T, de Lamache DD, Sosnowski O, Fekete E, Motta JP, Feener TD, Reimer R, Buret AG. Western Diet Increases the Severity of
Giardia
Infection in Association with Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.07347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, U1220, CHU Purpan
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Allain T, Salon M, Barret JM, Prat M, Dubreuil O, Van Acker N, Cassard L, Pipy B, Prost JF, Coste A. Abstract B77: GM102, a low fucosylated anti-Müllerian Hormone type II Receptor (AMHRII) antibody, promotes in vitro antitumoral activities of innate (macrophages) and adaptative (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) immune cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm18-b77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) belongs to the TGF-β family and plays a key role during fetal sexual development. Its type 2 receptor, AMHRII, is selectively expressed in normal sexual organs in healthy adults but is also re-expressed in gynecologic cancers including ovarian tumors. Recently, AMHRII expression was also demonstrated in major cancers such as colorectal, non-small cell lung cancers and hepatocarcinoma. This set of consistent findings led to the development of GM102, a humanized glyco-engineered anti-AMHRII monoclonal antibody by GamaMabs Pharma. Following an extensive pharmacologic investigation as well as a regulatory toxicologic program in cynomolgus monkeys, clinical trials with GM102 were launched in 2016 and are currently ongoing. In vitro experiments using GM102 were performed to characterize more precisely its effect on human immune system. Macrophages from healthy donors were unstimulated or stimulated by M-CSF/IL-10 for conferring a TAM-like phenotype. These macrophages were co-cultured with SKOV3-AMHRII+ ovarian cancer target cells in the presence of GM102 before adding lymphocytes from the same donors. By this way, we demonstrate that GM102 opsonization of SKOV3-AMHRII+ tumor cells, in presence of unstimulated- or TAM-like macrophages, shifts the microenvironment toward a proinflammatory and antitumoral status (increase of IL-1β, IL- 12, TNF-α, IL-6 and decrease of IL-23, IL-10) and significantly promotes the macrophage-mediated ADCC and triggers antitumor activity. We also report that GM102 treatment orients the unstimulated- and TAM-like macrophages toward a population characterized by a strong expression of adaptive immune response co-stimulation marker, such as CD80, and induces a chemokine profile favorable to the recruitment of Th1 lymphocytes (increase of CCL-4, CCL-5, CXCL-9 and CXCL-10, as well as IL-12). Moreover, we show that GM102 treatment shifts Th1/Th2 balance of T CD4+ cells toward Th1 response and activates CD8+ T cells. Similar results were obtained with a COV434-AMHRII+ granulosa cell tumor cell line. Interestingly, preliminary analysis of blood samples and biopsies from patients treated by GM102 suggest, as well, a more global effect of GM102 on immune system than a sole involvement of ADCC/ADCP activity. In conclusion, all together these results reveal that GM102 antibody is able to trigger the antitumor activity of unstimulated macrophages and to reorient tumor-supporting macrophages to cytotoxic effectors. These macrophages are subsequently able to stimulate the antitumor adaptive immune system by inducing Th1 response of T CD4+ cells and by activating T CD8+ cells. Those mechanisms might participate to the sustained clinical benefit observed in advanced cancer patients treated with GM102.
Citation Format: Thibault Allain, Marie Salon, Jean-Marc Barret, Mélanie Prat, Olivier Dubreuil, Nathalie Van Acker, Lydie Cassard, Bernard Pipy, Jean-François Prost, Agnès Coste. GM102, a low fucosylated anti-Müllerian Hormone type II Receptor (AMHRII) antibody, promotes in vitro antitumoral activities of innate (macrophages) and adaptative (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) immune cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr B77.
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Forbes N, Elmunzer BJ, Allain T, Chau M, Koury HF, Bass S, Belletrutti PJ, Cole MJ, Gonzalez-Moreno E, Kayal A, Kumar P, Mohamed R, Turbide C, Buret AG, Heitman SJ. Infection control in ERCP using a duodenoscope with a disposable cap (ICECAP): rationale for and design of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:64. [PMID: 32164535 PMCID: PMC7066768 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) is commonly performed in the management of pancreatic and biliary disease. Duodenoscopes are specialized endoscopes used to perform ERCP, and inherent to their design, a high rate of persistent bacterial contamination exists even after automated reprocessing and disinfection. Consequently, in recent years, ERCP has been associated with infection transmission, leading to several fatal patient outbreaks. Due to increasing fears over widespread future duodenoscope-related outbreaks, regulatory bodies have called for alterations in the design of duodenoscopes. A duodenoscope has recently been developed that employs a disposable cap. This novel design theoretically eliminates the mechanism behind persistent bacterial contamination and infection transmission. However, there are no data demonstrating persistent bacterial contamination rates, technical success rates, or clinical outcomes associated with these duodenoscopes. METHODS A parallel arm randomized controlled trial will be performed for which 520 patients will be recruited. The study population will consist of consecutive patients undergoing ERCP procedures for any indication at a high-volume tertiary care centre in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Patients will be randomized to an intervention group, that will undergo ERCP with a novel duodenoscope with disposable cap, or to a control group who will undergo ERCP with a traditional duodenoscope. Co-primary outcomes will include persistent bacterial contamination rates (post automated reprocessing) and ERCP technical success rates. Secondary outcomes include clinical success rates, overall and specific early and late adverse event rates, 30-day mortality and healthcare utilization rates, procedure and reprocessing times, and ease of device use. DISCUSSION The ICECAP trial will answer important questions regarding the use of a novel duodenoscope with disposable cap. Specifically, persistent bacterial contamination, technical performance, and relevant clinical outcomes will be assessed. Given the mortality and morbidity burden associated with ERCP-related infectious outbreaks, the results of this study have the capacity to be impactful at an international level. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04040504) on July 31, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauzer Forbes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - B Joseph Elmunzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Millie Chau
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hannah F Koury
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sydney Bass
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Paul J Belletrutti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Martin J Cole
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez-Moreno
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ahmed Kayal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Puja Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rachid Mohamed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Christian Turbide
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Steven J Heitman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Wallace JL, Nagy P, Feener TD, Allain T, Ditrói T, Vaughan DJ, Muscara MN, de Nucci G, Buret AG. A proof-of-concept, Phase 2 clinical trial of the gastrointestinal safety of a hydrogen sulfide-releasing anti-inflammatory drug. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:769-777. [PMID: 30834513 PMCID: PMC7024706 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ATB-346 is a hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)-releasing anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug. Animal studies demonstrated negligible gastrointestinal (GI) damage despite marked inhibition of COX activity and significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. In humans, ATB-346 (250 mg once daily) was found to inhibit COX to the same extent as naproxen (550 mg twice daily). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Two hundred forty-four healthy volunteers completed a 2-week, double-blind study, taking either ATB-346 (250 mg once daily) or naproxen (550 mg twice daily), with upper GI ulceration being examined endoscopically. KEY RESULTS Forty-two per cent of the subjects taking naproxen developed at least one ulcer (≥3-mm diameter), while only 3% of the subjects taking ATB-346 developed at least one ulcer. The two drugs produced comparable and substantial (>94%) suppression of COX activity. Subjects in the naproxen group developed more ulcers per subject than ATB-346-treated subjects and a greater incidence of larger ulcers (≥5-mm diameter). The incidence of dyspepsia, abdominal pain, gastro-oesophageal reflux, and nausea was lower with ATB-346 than with naproxen. Subjects treated with ATB-346 had significantly higher plasma levels of H2 S than those treated with naproxen. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This Phase 2B study provides unequivocal evidence for a marked reduction of GI toxicity of the H2 S-releasing analgesic/anti-inflammatory drug, ATB-346, as compared to the conventional dose of naproxen that produced equivalent suppression of COX. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L. Wallace
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
- Antibe Therapeutics Inc.TorontoONCanada
| | - Peter Nagy
- National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Troy D. Feener
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre G. Buret
- National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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Abstract
Giardia is an important cause of diarrhoea, and results in post-infectious and extra-intestinal complications. This chapter presents a state-of-the art of our understanding of how this parasite may cause such abnormalities, which appear to develop at least in part in Assemblage-dependent manner. Findings from prospective longitudinal cohort studies indicate that Giardia is one of the four most prevalent enteropathogens in early life, and represents a risk factor for stunting at 2 years of age. This may occur independently of diarrheal disease, in strong support of the pathophysiological significance of the intestinal abnormalities induced by this parasite. These include epithelial malabsorption and maldigestion, increased transit, mucus depletion, and disruptions of the commensal microbiota. Giardia increases epithelial permeability and facilitates the invasion of gut bacteria. Loss of intestinal barrier function is at the core of the acute and post-infectious complications associated with this infection. Recent findings demonstrate that the majority of the pathophysiological responses triggered by this parasite can be recapitulated by the effects of its membrane-bound and secreted cysteine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- University of Calgary, Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Biological Sciences, Calgary, Canada
| | - André G Buret
- University of Calgary, Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Department of Biological Sciences, Calgary, Canada.
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Desmonts de Lamache D, Moges R, Siddiq A, Allain T, Feener TD, Muench GP, McKenna N, Yates RM, Buret AG. Immuno-modulating properties of Tulathromycin in porcine monocyte-derived macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221560. [PMID: 31442273 PMCID: PMC6707645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that grows in macrophages and causes acute pneumonia in pigs. PRRSV causes devastating losses to the porcine industry. However, due to its high antigenic variability and poorly understood immunopathogenesis, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment to control PRRSV infection. The common occurrence of PRRSV infection with bacterial infections as well as its inflammatory-driven pathobiology raises the question of the value of antibiotics with immunomodulating properties for the treatment of the disease it causes. The macrolide antibiotic Tulathromycin (TUL) has been found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties in cattle and pigs. The aim of this study was to characterize the anti-viral and immunomodulating properties of TUL in PRRSV-infected porcine macrophages. Our findings indicate that blood monocyte-derived macrophages are readily infected by PRRSV and can be used as an effective cellular model to study PRRSV pathogenesis. TUL did not change intracellular or extracellular viral titers, not did it alter viral receptors (CD163 and CD169) expression on porcine macrophages. In contrast, TUL exhibited potent immunomodulating properties, which therefore occurred in the absence of any direct antiviral effects against PRRSV. TUL had an additive effect with PRRSV on the induction of macrophage apoptosis, and inhibited virus-induced necrosis. TUL significantly attenuated PRRSV-induced macrophage pro-inflammatory signaling (CXCL-8 and mitochondrial ROS production) and prevented PRRSV inhibition of non-opsonized and opsonized phagocytic function. Together, these data demonstrate that TUL inhibits PRRSV-induced inflammatory responses in porcine macrophages and protects against the phagocytic impairment caused by the virus. Research in live pigs is warranted to assess the potential clinical benefits of this antibiotic in the context of virally induced inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Moges
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. Siddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. D. Feener
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G. P. Muench
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N. McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R. M. Yates
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Allain T, Fekete E, Buret AG. Giardia Cysteine Proteases: The Teeth behind the Smile. Trends Parasitol 2019; 35:636-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fekete E, Amat C, Allain T, Mihara K, Hollenberg M, Chadee K, Buret A. Giardia
‐Induced Alterations to Intestinal Mucus Production Involve Protease‐Activated Receptor‐2‐Mediated Activation of MAPK and Calcium Release. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.38.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fekete
- Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | | | | | - Koichiro Mihara
- Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | | | | | - Andre Buret
- Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Allain T, Lamache DD, Motta J, Feener T, Reimer R, Buret AG. Effects of Western Diet on Giardiasis: A Role for Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota in the Persistence and Severity of
Giardia
Infections. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.38.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Troy Feener
- Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Raylene Reimer
- Kinesiology and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Fekete E, Amat CB, Allain T, Hollenberg M, Chadee K, Buret A. A158 ENTEROPATHOGEN CYSTEINE PROTEASES ALTER INTESTINAL MUCUS PRODUCTION VIA PROTEASE-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-2: EFFECTS OF GIARDIA DUODENALIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Fekete
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C B Amat
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T Allain
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Hollenberg
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Chadee
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Buret
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Wallace JL, Nagy P, Feener T, Allain T, Ditrói T, Vaughan D, Muscara M, de Nucci G, Buret A. A3 A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT, PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL OF THE GI SAFETY OF A HYDROGEN SULFIDE-RELEASING ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG (ATB-346). J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J L Wallace
- Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Nagy
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Feener
- Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Allain
- Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Ditrói
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Vaughan
- Antibe Therapeutics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Muscara
- University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G de Nucci
- University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A Buret
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Allain T, Groves R, Lewis I, Buret A. A163
GIARDIA SP. METABOLOME : TOWARDS THE IDENTIFICATION OF NEW VIRULENCE FACTORS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Allain
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R Groves
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - I Lewis
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Buret
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Buret AG, Motta JP, Allain T, Ferraz J, Wallace JL. Pathobiont release from dysbiotic gut microbiota biofilms in intestinal inflammatory diseases: a role for iron? J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:1. [PMID: 30602371 PMCID: PMC6317250 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota interacting with an intact mucosal surface are key to the maintenance of homeostasis and health. This review discusses the current state of knowledge of the biofilm mode of growth of these microbiota communities, and how in turn their disruptions may cause disease. Beyond alterations of relative microbial abundance and diversity, the aim of the review is to focus on the disruptions of the microbiota biofilm structure and function, the dispersion of commensal bacteria, and the mechanisms whereby these dispersed commensals may become pathobionts. Recent findings have linked iron acquisition to the expression of virulence factors in gut commensals that have become pathobionts. Causal studies are emerging, and mechanisms common to enteropathogen-induced disruptions, as well as those reported for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and colo-rectal cancer are used as examples to illustrate the great translational potential of such research. These new observations shed new light on our attempts to develop new therapies that are able to protect and restore gut microbiota homeostasis in the many disease conditions that have been linked to microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Gerald Buret
- Departments of Biological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Departments of Biological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada.,Institute of Digestive Health Research, INSERM UMR1220, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Allain
- Departments of Biological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jose Ferraz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - John Lawrence Wallace
- Departments of Biological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Motta JP, Allain T, Green-Harrison LE, Groves RA, Feener T, Ramay H, Beck PL, Lewis IA, Wallace JL, Buret AG. Iron Sequestration in Microbiota Biofilms As A Novel Strategy for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1493-1502. [PMID: 29788224 PMCID: PMC5995063 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significant alterations of intestinal microbiota and anemia are hallmarks of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is widely accepted that iron is a key nutrient for pathogenic bacteria, but little is known about its impact on microbiota associated with IBD. We used a model device to grow human mucosa-associated microbiota in its physiological anaerobic biofilm phenotype. Compared to microbiota from healthy donors, microbiota from IBD patients generate biofilms ex vivo that were larger in size and cell numbers, contained higher intracellular iron concentrations, and exhibited heightened virulence in a model of human intestinal epithelia in vitro and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We also describe an unexpected iron-scavenging property for an experimental hydrogen sulfide-releasing derivative of mesalamine. The findings demonstrate that this new drug reduces the virulence of IBD microbiota biofilms through a direct reduction of microbial iron intake and without affecting bacteria survival or species composition within the microbiota. Metabolomic analyses indicate that this drug reduces the intake of purine nucleosides (guanosine), increases the secretion of metabolite markers of purine catabolism (urate and hypoxanthine), and reduces the secretion of uracil (a pyrimidine nucleobase) in complex multispecies human biofilms. These findings demonstrate a new pathogenic mechanism for dysbiotic microbiota in IBD and characterize a novel mode of action for a class of mesalamine derivatives. Together, these observations pave the way towards a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Motta
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luke E Green-Harrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ryan A Groves
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Troy Feener
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hena Ramay
- International Microbiome Centre, University of Calgary, Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul L Beck
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian A Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John L Wallace
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Address correspondence to: Andre G. Buret, PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada. E-mail:
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Ryan Groves
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Ian A. Lewis
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kris Chadee
- Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Andre Buret
- Biological SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Fekete E, Amat CB, Allain T, Saiffeddine M, Hollenberg M, Chadee K, Buret A. A7 THE ROLE OF PROTEASE-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-2 IN GIARDIA INDUCED DISRUPTIONS OF THE INTESTINAL MUCUS LAYER. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Fekete
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C B Amat
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T Allain
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Saiffeddine
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Hollenberg
- Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Chadee
- Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Buret
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Allain T, Chaouch S, Thomas M, Travers MA, Valle I, Langella P, Grellier P, Polack B, Florent I, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. Bile Salt Hydrolase Activities: A Novel Target to Screen Anti- Giardia Lactobacilli? Front Microbiol 2018; 9:89. [PMID: 29472903 PMCID: PMC5809405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite responsible for giardiasis, a disease characterized by intestinal malabsorption, diarrhea and abdominal pain in a large number of mammal species. Giardiasis is one of the most common intestinal parasitic diseases in the world and thus a high veterinary, and public health concern. It is well-established that some probiotic bacteria may confer protection against this parasite in vitro and in vivo and we recently documented the implication of bile-salt hydrolase (BSH)-like activities from strain La1 of Lactobacillus johnsonii as mediators of these effects in vitro. We showed that these activities were able to generate deconjugated bile salts that were toxic to the parasite. In the present study, a wide collection of lactobacilli strains from different ecological origins was screened to assay their anti-giardial effects. Our results revealed that the anti-parasitic effects of some of the strains tested were well-correlated with the expression of BSH-like activities. The two most active strains in vitro, La1 and Lactobacillus gasseri CNCM I-4884, were then tested for their capacity to influence G. duodenalis infection in a suckling mice model. Strikingly, only L. gasseri CNCM I-4884 strain was able to significantly antagonize parasite growth with a dramatic reduction of the trophozoites load in the small intestine. Moreover, this strain also significantly reduced the fecal excretion of Giardia cysts after 5 days of treatment, which could contribute to blocking the transmission of the parasite, in contrast of La1 where no effect was observed. This study represents a step toward the development of new prophylactic strategies to combat G. duodenalis infection in both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Paris, France.,UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Soraya Chaouch
- UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Thomas
- INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Université Paris-Est, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,INRA, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Travers
- UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Valle
- INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Université Paris-Est, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,INRA, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Grellier
- UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Polack
- INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Université Paris-Est, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,INRA, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, BIPAR, ENVA, ANSES, UMR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Paris, France
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Allain T, Chaouch S, Thomas M, Vallée I, Buret AG, Langella P, Grellier P, Polack B, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Florent I. Bile-Salt-Hydrolases from the Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 Mediate Anti-giardial Activity in Vitro and in Vivo. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2707. [PMID: 29472895 PMCID: PMC5810305 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis) is the protozoan parasite responsible for giardiasis, the most common and widely spread intestinal parasitic disease worldwide, affecting both humans and animals. After cysts ingestion (through either contaminated food or water), Giardia excysts in the upper intestinal tract to release replicating trophozoites that are responsible for the production of symptoms. In the gut, Giardia cohabits with the host's microbiota, and several studies have revealed the importance of this gut ecosystem and/or some probiotic bacteria in providing protection against G. duodenalis infection through mechanisms that remain incompletely understood. Recent findings suggest that Bile-Salt-Hydrolase (BSH)-like activities from the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 may contribute to the anti-giardial activity displayed by this strain. Here, we cloned and expressed each of the three bsh genes present in the L. johnsonii La1 genome to study their enzymatic and biological properties. While BSH47 and BSH56 were expressed as recombinant active enzymes, no significant enzymatic activity was detected with BSH12. In vitro assays allowed determining the substrate specificities of both BSH47 and BSH56, which were different. Modeling of these BSHs indicated a strong conservation of their 3-D structures despite low conservation of their primary structures. Both recombinant enzymes were able to mediate anti-giardial biological activity against Giardia trophozoites in vitro. Moreover, BSH47 exerted significant anti-giardial effects when tested in a murine model of giardiasis. These results shed new light on the mechanism, whereby active BSH derived from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 may yield anti-giardial effects in vitro and in vivo. These findings pave the way toward novel approaches for the treatment of this widely spread but neglected infectious disease, both in human and in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,UMR7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne-Universités, Paris, France
| | - Soraya Chaouch
- UMR7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne-Universités, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Thomas
- JRU BIPAR, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, INRA, Université Paris-Est, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Isabelle Vallée
- JRU BIPAR, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, INRA, Université Paris-Est, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - André G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Philippe Langella
- Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Grellier
- UMR7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne-Universités, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Polack
- JRU BIPAR, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, INRA, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- UMR7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne-Universités, Paris, France
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Abstract
Understanding how intestinal enteropathogens cause acute and chronic alterations has direct animal and human health perspectives. Significant advances have been made on this field by studies focusing on the dynamic crosstalk between the intestinal protozoan parasite model Giardia duodenalis and the host intestinal mucosa. The concept of intestinal barrier function is of the highest importance in the context of many gastrointestinal diseases such as infectious enteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and post-infectious gastrointestinal disorders. This crucial function relies on 3 biotic and abiotic components, first the commensal microbiota organized as a biofilm, then an overlaying mucus layer, and finally the tightly structured intestinal epithelium. Herein we review multiple strategies used by Giardia parasite to circumvent these 3 components. We will summarize what is known and discuss preliminary observations suggesting how such enteropathogen directly and/ or indirectly impairs commensal microbiota biofilm architecture, disrupts mucus layer and damages host epithelium physiology and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,b Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,c Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada
| | - Christina B Amat
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,b Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,c Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,b Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,c Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada
| | - Anna Manko
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,b Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,c Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada
| | - André G Buret
- a Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,b Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada.,c Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary , Calgary , AB , Canada
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Travers MA, Sow C, Zirah S, Deregnaucourt C, Chaouch S, Queiroz RML, Charneau S, Allain T, Florent I, Grellier P. Deconjugated Bile Salts Produced by Extracellular Bile-Salt Hydrolase-Like Activities from the Probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 Inhibit Giardia duodenalis In vitro Growth. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1453. [PMID: 27729900 PMCID: PMC5037171 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardiasis, currently considered a neglected disease, is caused by the intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis and is widely spread in human as well as domestic and wild animals. The lack of appropriate medications and the spread of resistant parasite strains urgently call for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Host microbiota or certain probiotic strains have the capacity to provide some protection against giardiasis. By combining biological and biochemical approaches, we have been able to decipher a molecular mechanism used by the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 to prevent Giardia growth in vitro. We provide evidence that the supernatant of this strain contains active principle(s) not directly toxic to Giardia but able to convert non-toxic components of bile into components highly toxic to Giardia. By using bile acid profiling, these components were identified as deconjugated bile-salts. A bacterial bile-salt-hydrolase of commercial origin was able to mimic the properties of the supernatant. Mass spectrometric analysis of the bacterial supernatant identified two of the three bile-salt-hydrolases encoded in the genome of this probiotic strain. These observations document a possible mechanism by which L. johnsonii La1, by secreting, or releasing BSH-like activity(ies) in the vicinity of replicating Giardia in an environment where bile is present and abundant, can fight this parasite. This discovery has both fundamental and applied outcomes to fight giardiasis, based on local delivery of deconjugated bile salts, enzyme deconjugation of bile components, or natural or recombinant probiotic strains that secrete or release such deconjugating activities in a compartment where both bile salts and Giardia are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Agnès Travers
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, Unité SG2M, IFREMER La Tremblade, France
| | - Cissé Sow
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Séverine Zirah
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Christiane Deregnaucourt
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Soraya Chaouch
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Rayner M L Queiroz
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia Brasília, Brazil
| | - Sébastien Charneau
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia Brasília, Brazil
| | - Thibault Allain
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne UniversitésParis, France; UMR 1319, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, INRA, AgroParisTechJouy en Josas, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
| | - Philippe Grellier
- MCAM UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités Paris, France
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Allain T, Mansour NM, Bahr MMA, Martin R, Florent I, Langella P, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. A new lactobacilli in vivo expression system for the production and delivery of heterologous proteins at mucosal surfaces. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw117. [PMID: 27190148 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-grade lactic acid bacteria, such as lactobacilli, represent good candidates for the development of mucosal vectors. Indeed, they are generally recognized as safe microorganisms and some strains display beneficial effects (probiotics). In this study, we described a new lactobacilli in vivo expression (LIVE) system for the production and delivery of therapeutic molecules at mucosal surfaces. The versatility and functionality of this system was successfully validated in several lactobacilli species; furthermore, we assessed in vivo LIVE system in two different mouse models of human pathologies: (i) a model of therapy against intestinal inflammation (inflammatory bowel diseases) and (ii) a model of vaccination against dental caries. We demonstrated that Lactobacillus gasseri expressing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 under LIVE system efficiently delivered the recombinant protein at mucosal surfaces and display anti-inflammatory effects. In the vaccination model against caries, LIVE system allowed the heterologous expression of Streptococcus mutans antigen GbpB by L. gasseri, leading to a stimulation of the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Allain
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay University, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France Team Adaptation of Protozoa to their Environment, UMR 7245 CNRS, National Museum of Natural History, CP52, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Nahla M Mansour
- Gut Microbiology and Immunology Group, Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May M A Bahr
- Gut Microbiology and Immunology Group, Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rebeca Martin
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay University, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- Team Adaptation of Protozoa to their Environment, UMR 7245 CNRS, National Museum of Natural History, CP52, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay University, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Paris-Saclay University, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Torres-Maravilla E, Lenoir M, Mayorga-Reyes L, Allain T, Sokol H, Langella P, Sánchez-Pardo ME, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. Identification of novel anti-inflammatory probiotic strains isolated from pulque. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:385-396. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sloan D, Guwende C, Banda G, Shani D, Kamdolozi M, Chisale B, Dutton J, Heyderman R, Butterworth A, Corbett E, Mwandumba H, Khoo S, Allain T, Davies G. S75 Risk Factors And Therapeutic Implications Of Vitamin D Deficiency In Malawian Adults With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dhesi JK, Jackson SH, Allain T. Osteoporosis and the role of vitamin D and calcium. Age Ageing 2001; 30:88-9. [PMID: 11322684 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/30.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Allain T, Wilson A, Gomo Z, Matenga J. Prevalence, Treatment and Awareness of Hypertension in the Zimbabwean Elderly. Age Ageing 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/26.suppl_1.p27-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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