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Kenessey I, Parrag P, Dobozi M, Szatmári I, Wéber A, Nagy P, Polgár C. The epidemiology of lung cancer in Hungary based on the characteristics of patients diagnosed in 2018. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20064. [PMID: 39209889 PMCID: PMC11362303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Among malignant diseases, lung cancer has one of the highest mortality and incidence. Most epidemiological studies conclude that Hungary faces the most severe burden in association with this disease. However, for various reasons estimates and population-based studies show discrepancies. In this study, an intense data cleansing was performed on lung cancer cases that were reported to the Hungarian National Cancer Registry in 2018, and the major clinico-pathological parameters as well as survival characteristics were described. Our population-based figures were compared to the European estimates. As a result of our thorough revision, the corrected incidence of lung cancer has fallen below the number of cases that were reported to the Registry from 11,746 to 9,519. We also demonstrate that Hungary did not show the highest incidence and mortality in Europe, but it is still among the ones with the worst raking countries, with 92.9 and 50.6 age standardized rate per 100 thousand capita among males and females, respectively. Analysis of the annually reported case numbers revealed a gender-specific difference in incidence trends: while from 2001 to 2019 it slightly decreased among males, it increased among females. The most dominant subtype was adenocarcinoma, which was more frequent among female patients. Unfortunately, most of the newly diagnosed cases were in advanced stage; thus, 5 year overall survival was 14.8%. We anticipate that in the longer term, a decrease in incidence and improvement in survival rates may be expected as a result of the development of primary and secondary prevention programs in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Kenessey
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Petra Parrag
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
- Schools of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Dobozi
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Wéber
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
- Cancer Surveillance Section, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Péter Nagy
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Redox Biology Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Histology, HUN-REN-UVMB, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Chemistry Institute, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Polgár
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Bi J, Tuo J, Xiao Y, Tang D, Zhou X, Jiang Y, Ji X, Tan Y, Yuan H, Xiang Y. Observed and relative survival trends of lung cancer: A systematic review of population-based cancer registration data. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:142-151. [PMID: 37986711 PMCID: PMC10788469 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using the published survival statistics from cancer registration or population-based studies, we aimed to describe the global pattern and trend of lung cancer survival. METHODS By searching SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SEER, all survival analyses from cancer registration or population-based studies of lung cancer were collected by the end of November 2022. The survival rates were extracted by sex, period, and country. The observed, relative, and net survival rates of lung cancer were applied to describe the pattern and time changes from the late 1990s to the early 21st century. RESULTS Age-standardized 5-year relative/net survival rate of lung cancer was typically low, with 10%-20% for most regions. The highest age-standardized relative/net survival rate was observed in Japan (32.9%, 2010-2014), and the lowest was in India (3.7%, 2010-2014). In most countries, the five-year age-standardized relative/net survival rates of lung cancer were higher in females and younger people. The patients with adenocarcinoma had a better prognosis than other groups. In China, the highest 5-year overall relative/net survival rates were 27.90% and 31.62% in men and women in Jiangyin (2012-2013). CONCLUSION Over the past decades, the prognosis of lung cancer has gradually improved, but significant variations were also observed globally. Worldwide, a better prognosis of lung cancer can be observed in females and younger patients. It is essential to compare and evaluate the histological or stage-specific survival rates of lung cancer between different regions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Hao Bi
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jia‐Yi Tuo
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Xuan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dan‐Dan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Hui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Fei Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Wei Ji
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Ting Tan
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hui‐Yun Yuan
- Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Hogea P, Tudorache E, Fira-Mladinescu O, Marc M, Manolescu D, Bratosin F, Rosca O, Mavrea A, Oancea C. The Association of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and Interleukins in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid with Lung Cancer: A Prospective Analysis. J Pers Med 2023; 13:968. [PMID: 37373957 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Identifying novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is essential for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of cytokines from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. A prospective study was conducted on 33 patients with suspected lung cancer, divided into inflammatory and non-inflammatory BALF groups. Inflammatory markers in BALF were assessed, and their association with lung cancer risk was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plot analysis, sensitivity and specificity percentages, and regression analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the inflammatory and non-inflammatory groups for several inflammatory markers, including IFN-gamma, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12p70. In the follow-up analysis, significant differences persisted for IFN-gamma, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6. ROC plot analysis revealed that IL-12p70 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value (0.702), followed by IL-2 (0.682), IL-6 (0.620), IL-4 (0.611), TNF-alpha (0.609), IL-10 (0.604), IL-1b (0.635), and IFN-gamma (0.521). IL-6 showed the highest sensitivity (73%), and IL-1b had the highest specificity (69%). Regression analysis demonstrated that IL-6 (cut-off = 25 pg/mL) and IL-12p70 (cut-off = 30 pg/mL) had the highest odds ratios for lung cancer risk, at 5.09 (95% CI: 2.38-9.24, p < 0.001) and 4.31 (95% CI: 1.85-8.16, p < 0.001), respectively. Cytokines from BALF, particularly IL-6 and IL-12p70, show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings and elucidate the clinical implications of these markers in lung cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Hogea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, Faculty of General Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emanuela Tudorache
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- First Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, "Victor Babes", Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Fira-Mladinescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Second Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, "Victor Babes", Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Marc
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Second Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, "Victor Babes", Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Discipline of Radiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Rosca
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Mavrea
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology Clinic, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- First Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, "Victor Babes", Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
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Nagy B, Szilberhorn L, Győrbíró DM, Moizs M, Bajzik G, Kerpel-Fronius A, Vokó Z. Shall We Screen Lung Cancer With Low-Dose Computed Tomography? Cost-Effectiveness in Hungary. Value Health Reg Issues 2023; 34:55-64. [PMID: 36502786 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical data and cost-effectiveness analyses from several countries support the use of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to screen patients with high risk of lung cancer (LC). This study aimed to explore the economic value of screening LC with LDCT in Hungary. METHODS Cohorts of screened and nonscreened subjects were simulated in a decision analytic model over their lifetime. Five steps in the patient trajectory were distinguished: no LC, nondiagnosed LC, screening, diagnosed LC, and post-treatment. Patient pathways were populated based on the Hungarian pilot study of screening, the Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek (NELSON) LC screening trial, and local incidence and prevalence data. Healthcare costs were obtained from the National Health Insurance Fund. Utility data were obtained from international sources and adjusted to local tariffs. Scenarios according to screening frequency, age bands (50-74, 55-74 years), and smoking status were analyzed. RESULTS Annual LDCT-based screening compared with no screening for 55- to 74-year-old current smokers showed 0.031 quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gains for an additional €137, which yields €5707 per QALY. Biennial screening for the same target population showed that purchasing 1 QALY would cost €10 203. The least cost-effective case was biennial screening of the general population aged 50 to 74 years, which yielded €37 931 per QALY. CONCLUSIONS Screening LC with LDCT for a high-risk population could be cost-effective in Hungary. For the introduction of screening with LDCT, targeting the most vulnerable groups while having a long-term approach on costs and benefits is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Nagy
- Syreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zoltán Vokó
- Syreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Said NS, Degu A. Assessment of survival outcomes among lung cancer patients at the National and Referral Hospital in Kenya. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9194-9201. [PMID: 36708066 PMCID: PMC10166906 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer has a low overall survival rate linked to late diagnosis and metastasis. Unfortunately, comprehensive data within the African continent are limited due to the lack of a registry, low public awareness of lung cancer, financial constraints, and inadequate screening and treatment facilities. In addition, there was a lack of conclusive data in our setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess survival outcomes among lung cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital. METHODS A hospital-based retrospective cohort study was performed to examine the survival outcomes of 151 lung cancer patients. All eligible lung cancer patients diagnosed and treated in the facility between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, were included. The patients were retrospectively followed from the date of primary cancer diagnosis until death or the last follow-up period. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 statistical software was used to enter and analyze the data. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis were employed to determine median survival and predictors of mortality, respectively. RESULTS The mean and median follow-time was 18.2 and 17.5 months, respectively. Most (98%) of the patients had non-small cell lung cancer. The 2-year survival rate was 66.7%, with 59.6% of patients having developed distant metastasis during the follow-up, while 25.1% were deceased. The median cancer-specific survival time among the study population was 18.0 ± 3.40 months. Cox regression analyses showed that patients with distant metastasis had five times more risk of dying (AHR: 4.74, 95% CI: 2.1-10.8, p < 0.001) than patients without distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS The overall two-year survival rate of lung cancer patients at the Kenyatta National Hospital was 66.7%, with most patients developed distant metastasis during the follow-up period. Distant metastasis was the only significant predictor of mortality among lung cancer patients in our setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Swaleh Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Amsalu Degu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
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Zhang Q, Dai Y, Liu H, Sun W, Huang Y, Gong Z, Dai S, Kong H, Xie W. Causes of death and conditional survival estimates of long-term lung cancer survivors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1012247. [PMID: 36211420 PMCID: PMC9537558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lung cancer ranks the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This retrospective cohort study was designed to determine time-dependent death hazards of diverse causes and conditional survival of lung cancer. Methods We collected 816,436 lung cancer cases during 2000-2015 in the SEER database, after exclusion, 612,100 cases were enrolled for data analyses. Cancer-specific survival, overall survival and dynamic death hazard were assessed in this study. Additionally, based on the FDA approval time of Nivolumab in 2015, we evaluated the effect of immunotherapy on metastatic patients’ survival by comparing cases in 2016-2018 (immunotherapy era, n=7135) and those in 2013-2016 (non-immunotherapy era, n=42061). Results Of the 612,100 patients, 285,705 were women, the mean (SD) age was 68.3 (11.0) years old. 252,558 patients were characterized as lung adenocarcinoma, 133,302 cases were lung squamous cell carcinoma, and only 78,700 cases were small cell lung carcinomas. TNM stage was I in 140,518 cases, II in 38,225 cases, III in 159,095 cases, and IV in 274,262 patients. 164,394 cases underwent surgical intervention. The 5-y overall survival and cancer-specific survival were 54.2% and 73.8%, respectively. The 5-y conditional survival rate of cancer-specific survival is improved in a time-dependent pattern, while conditional overall survival tends to be steady after 5-y follow-up. Except from age, hazard disparities of other risk factors (such as stage and surgery) diminished over time according to the conditional survival curves. After 8 years since diagnosis, mortality hazard from other causes became higher than that from lung cancer. This critical time point was earlier in elder patients while was postponed in patients with advanced stages. Moreover, both cancer-specific survival and overall survival of metastatic patients in immunotherapy era were significantly better than those in non-immunotherapy era (P<0.001), indicating that immunotherapeutic intervention indeed bring remarkable benefits to advanced lung cancer patients. Conclusions Our findings expand on previous studies by demonstrating that non-lung-cancer related death risk becomes more and more predominant over the course of follow-up, and we establish a personalized web-based calculator to determine this critical time point for long-term survivors. We also confirmed the survival benefit of advanced lung cancer patients in immunotherapy era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenkui Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Shanlin Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Weiping Xie, ; Hui Kong,
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Weiping Xie, ; Hui Kong,
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Kiss Z, Bogos K, Tamási L, Ostoros G, Müller V, Urbán L, Bittner N, Sárosi V, Vastag A, Polányi Z, Nagy-Erdei Z, Knollmajer K, Várnai M, Nagy B, Horváth K, Rokszin G, Abonyi-Tóth Z, Barcza Z, Moldvay J, Gálffy G, Vokó Z. Increase in the Length of Lung Cancer Patient Pathway Before First-Line Therapy: A 6-Year Nationwide Analysis From Hungary. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1610041. [PMID: 35002544 PMCID: PMC8734146 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1610041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of the lung cancer (LC) patient pathway in Hungary during a 6-years period. Methods: This nationwide, retrospective study included patients newly diagnosed with LC (ICD-10 C34) between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016, using data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) of Hungary. The following patient pathway intervals were examined: system, diagnostic and treatment interval by age, gender, tumor type, study year and first-line LC therapy. Results: During the 6-years study period, 17,386 patients had at least one type of imaging (X-ray or CT/MRI) prior to diagnosis, and 12,063 had records of both X-ray and CT/MRI. The median system interval was 64.5 days, and it was 5 days longer among women, than in men (68.0 vs. 63.0 days). The median system interval was significantly longer in patients with adenocarcinoma compared to those with squamous cell carcinoma or small cell lung cancer (70.4 vs. 64.0 vs. 48.0 days, respectively). Patients who received surgery as first-line treatment had significantly longer median system intervals compared to those receiving chemotherapy (81.4 vs. 62.0 days). The median system interval significantly increased from 62.0 to 66.0 days during the 6-years study period. Conclusion: The LC patient pathway significantly increased in Hungary over the 6-years study period. There were no significant differences in the length of the whole LC patient pathway according to age, however, female sex, surgery as first-line treatment, and adenocarcinoma were associated with longer system intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Kiss
- MSD Pharma Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Zoltan Kiss,
| | - Krisztina Bogos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Tamási
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ostoros
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Urbán
- Matrahaza Healthcare Center and University Teaching Hospital, Matrahaza, Hungary
| | - Nóra Bittner
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Balázs Nagy
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Horváth
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth
- RxTarget Ltd., Szolnok, Hungary
- Department of Biomathematics and Computer Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Barcza
- Syntesia Medical Communications Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Moldvay
- 1st Department of Pulmonology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pathology, MTA-SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Vokó
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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