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Wu Y, Zhou J, Zhang J, Li H. Cytokeratin 18 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: value and application. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:1009-1022. [PMID: 39387822 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2413941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolism-related disease worldwide. Although studies have shown that some medications may be effective for treating NAFLD, they do not satisfy the medical requirements, and lifestyle changes are the most basic strategy. Thus, early detection of NAFLD and timely lifestyle interventions are highly important. AREAS COVERED The traditional diagnostic methods for NAFLD are limited by accuracy, cost, and security issues. Cytokeratin 18 (CK18), which is a marker of apoptosis and overall cell death, is an excellent biomarker for NAFLD. Liver fat accumulation in NAFLD triggers the activation of caspases, which increases the CK18 cleavage and its release into the blood. CK18 can help diagnose different stages of NAFLD, especially the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) stage. In evaluating the efficacy of the NAFLD treatment and predicting the risk of NAFLD-related diseases, CK18 plays a significant role. EXPERT OPINION CK18 can non-invasively monitor the pathological conditions of NAFLD patients and provide new hope for the early diagnosis of NAFLD. Adding CK18 to the NAFLD diagnostic criteria that are widely used in clinical settings may be efficient for the detection of NAFLD and early effective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wu
- School of Medicine, The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Liver Disease Department of Integrative Medicine, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Liver Disease Department of Integrative Medicine, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Liver Disease Department of Integrative Medicine, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongshan Li
- School of Medicine, The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Liver Disease Department of Integrative Medicine, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Uluçay Kestane V, Baş M. Efficacy of the Mediterranean Diet Containing Different Macronutrients on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:2699. [PMID: 39203835 PMCID: PMC11357554 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of the typical Mediterranean diet (TMD), low-carbohydrate Mediterranean diet (LCMD), and low-fat Mediterranean diet (LFMD) on biochemical findings, fatty liver index (FLI), anthropometric measurements, and body composition in individuals with obesity with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance. This study included 63 participants with obesity with insulin resistance diagnosed with NAFLD by ultrasonography to investigate the effects of an 8-week energy-restricted TMD, LCMD, and LFMD on biochemical findings, FLI, fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), anthropometric measurements, and body composition. Patients were randomized into three groups and were interviewed face-to-face every week. According to the food consumption records (baseline end), the difference in the amount of sucrose and total fat consumed in the TMD group; the difference in energy intake from sucrose, monounsaturated fatty acids, and oleic acid in the LCMD group; and the difference in energy intake from fiber, sucrose, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and cholesterol in the LFMD group showed significant correlations with liver enzymes and FLI (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although it has a different macronutrient composition, the Mediterranean diet may positively affect biochemical parameters and FLI in individuals with NAFLD, albeit in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahibe Uluçay Kestane
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul Galata University, Istanbul 34432, Turkey
| | - Murat Baş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
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Shi X, Xiong Y, Song H, Rong F, Tang N, Zhu L, Li S, Wang J, Zhang L, You S, Ji G, Liu B, Wu N. Progress and hotspot of diet or exercise therapy in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1326092. [PMID: 38628270 PMCID: PMC11018916 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1326092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The primary treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is modifying lifestyle through dietary or exercise interventions. In recent decades, it has received increasing attention. However, the lack of bibliometric analysis has posed a challenge for researchers seeking to understand the overall trends in this field. Methods As of February 3rd, 2024, 876 articles on treating NAFLD through diet or exercise therapy from 2013 to 2023 had been retrieved. Two software tools, VOSviewer and CiteSpace, were utilized to analyze the growth of publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, citations, and keywords. Additionally, the keywords with strong citation burstiness were identified to determine the changes and future trends of research hotspots in this field. Results China had the highest number of articles, followed by the United States and South Korea. Yonsei University and Nutrients were the institutions and journals with the most significant contributions. Professor Younossi Zobair M, from the United States, is the most prolific author in this field. Through analyzing the keywords, three research hotspots were identified: research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, research on the treatment modalities of NAFLD, and research on the risk factors and diagnosis methods of NAFLD. In recent years, the research emphasis in this field has changed, suggesting that future research will focus on two frontier keywords: "oxidative stress" and "aerobic capacity." Conclusion In the past eleven years, the attention in this field was still rising, and the authors, journals, countries and so on had formed a considerable cooperative relationship. There were also many highly influential and productive researchers in this field. It is speculated that new research will continue around "aerobic exercise" and "oxidative stress" in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Xiong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hualing Song
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Rong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Tang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leping Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenyu Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengfu You
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ji
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baocheng Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tejada S, Sarubbo F, Jiménez-García M, Ramis MR, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Capó X, Esteban S, Sureda A, Moranta D. Mitigating Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Oxidative Status in Rats Treated with Catechin and Polyphenon-60. Nutrients 2024; 16:368. [PMID: 38337652 PMCID: PMC10857701 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a normal physiological process influenced by the combination of multiple mechanisms, primarily oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which impact general physiology and brain function. Phenolic compounds have demonstrated the ability to slow down the aging process of the brain due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study assessed the protective properties of catechin and polyphenon-60 in non-pathologically aged rats regarding visuo-spatial learning and the oxidative status of the frontal cortex. Old animals were treated with catechin or green tea extract (polyphenon-60) for 36 days, daily. Healthy old and young rats were used as controls. During the first training phase, treated rats executed the test better, locating the target in less time compared with the controls. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase activities, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) were reduced in the brain of old animals, although their activities were partially improved after both antioxidant treatments. Furthermore, the rise in the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels-a marker of lipid peroxidation-in the frontal cortex of aged animals was significantly ameliorated after the interventions. In conclusion, old rats exhibited enhanced cognitive function and reduced stress levels following the administration of catechin and polyphenon-60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Fiorella Sarubbo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-García
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Margarida R. Ramis
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xavier Capó
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Susana Esteban
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Antoni Sureda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Moranta
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
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Mokhtare M, Abdi A, Sadeghian AM, Sotoudeheian M, Namazi A, Khalighi Sikaroudi M. Investigation about the correlation between the severity of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:221-227. [PMID: 38057010 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is defined by fatty liver combined with a disturbed metabolic state. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) contains anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-fibrotic components and is seemingly beneficial in the management of MAFLD. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between adherence to MedDiet and the severity of MAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Totally 101 adult patients diagnosed with MAFLD were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Persian version of Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), demographics, clinical, laboratory, and FibroScan findings were collected. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The mean of participants' age was 49.37 ± 12.14 (51.48 % male subjects). Six patients (5 diabetic and 1 pre-diabetic) had advanced fibrosis. Overall, 48.5 % had good adherence to MedDiet [the least MEDAS-1 (15.8 %) and the highest MEDAS-13 (99 %)]. The adherence score was significantly higher in married, female, non-smoker, and diabetic subjects, and patients with hypertension. Adherence to MedDiet had insignificant correlations with hepatic fibrosis (P = 0.888), steatosis (P = 0.208), waist-to-height ratio (P = 0.853), and FIB-4 score (P = 0.919). Vitamin D level had just significant inverse associations with steatosis score (r = -0.21, P = 0.037) and no significant association was found with fibrosis score (r = -0.036, P = 0.717) and MedDiet adherence (r = 0.055, P = 0.581). According to the multiple regression analyses, less fruit intake, lower platelet count and DM had significant positive correlations with MAFLD severity (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Adherence to Mediterranean diet, particularly a higher fruit intake, is associated with a lower severity of MAFLD. Dietary modification based on taste, economic state, and culture should be deliberated in different geographic areas along with nutritional education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mokhtare
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arman Abdi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir M Sadeghian
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Abolfazl Namazi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Khalighi Sikaroudi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Montemayor S, García S, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Tur JA, Bouzas C. Dietary Patterns, Foods, and Nutrients to Ameliorate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3987. [PMID: 37764771 PMCID: PMC10534915 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease without pharmacological treatment yet. There is also a lack of specific dietary recommendations and strategies to treat the negative health impacts derived from NAFLD. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to compile dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients to ameliorate NAFLD. METHODS A literature search was performed through MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Several guidelines are available through the literature. Hypocaloric Mediterranean diet is the most accepted dietary pattern to tackle NAFLD. Coffee consumption (sugar free) may have a protective effect for NAFLD. Microbiota also plays a role in NAFLD; hence, fibre intake should be guaranteed. CONCLUSIONS A high-quality diet could improve liver steatosis. Weight loss through hypocaloric diet together with physical activity and limited sugar intake are good strategies for managing NAFLD. Specific dietary recommendations and a Mediterranean plate have been proposed to ameliorate NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Montemayor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Bouzas C, Pastor O, Ugarriza L, Llompart I, Cevallos-Ibarra K, Sureda A, Tur JA. Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative and Inflammatory Status, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1554. [PMID: 37627549 PMCID: PMC10451635 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex and increasingly prevalent cardiometabolic disorder worldwide. As of today, NAFLD is a pathology without specific pharmacological treatment, with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) being the most widely used approach for its management. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on fatty acid plasma levels, as well as on the oxidative and inflammatory status of NAFLD patients. A total of 100 adult patients (40-60 years old) diagnosed with NAFLD and from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were classified into three groups according to their adherence to the MedDiet. Consumption was assessed using a validated 143-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food items (g/day) were categorised according to their processing using the NOVA system. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, aminotransferases, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), inflammatory biomarkers, and fatty acid levels were measured in the plasma of NAFLD patients. High adherence to the MedDiet is associated to a highly plant-based diet, low ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, low intake of dietary lipids, low intake of animal fats, high intake of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; mainly palmitoleic acid), low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs; practically all dietary SFAs), low intake of trans-fatty acids, high intake of omega-3 fatty acids (mainly eicosapentaenoic acid), a higher n-6:n-3 in ratio, low intake of omega-6 fatty acids, and a low level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). High adherence to the MedDiet is related to a better fatty acid profile in the plasma, fewer SFAs and more MUFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a plasma biochemical profile, better proinflammatory status, and decreased ultra-processed food consumption of NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Oscar Pastor
- Service of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal-IRYCIS, E-28023 Madrid, Spain (K.C.-I.)
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- C.S. Camp Redó, IBSalut, E-07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, E-07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Karla Cevallos-Ibarra
- Service of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal-IRYCIS, E-28023 Madrid, Spain (K.C.-I.)
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Basha A, May SC, Anderson RM, Samala N, Mirmira RG. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Translating Disease Mechanisms into Therapeutics Using Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9996. [PMID: 37373143 PMCID: PMC10298283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a range of pathologies arising from fat accumulation in the liver in the absence of excess alcohol use or other causes of liver disease. Its complications include cirrhosis and liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and eventual death. NAFLD is the most common cause of liver disease globally and is estimated to affect nearly one-third of individuals in the United States. Despite knowledge that the incidence and prevalence of NAFLD are increasing, the pathophysiology of the disease and its progression to cirrhosis remain insufficiently understood. The molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD involves insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Better insight into these molecular pathways would allow for therapies that target specific stages of NAFLD. Preclinical animal models have aided in defining these mechanisms and have served as platforms for screening and testing of potential therapeutic approaches. In this review, we will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms thought to contribute to NAFLD, with a focus on the role of animal models in elucidating these mechanisms and in developing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Basha
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sarah C. May
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ryan M. Anderson
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Niharika Samala
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Raghavendra G. Mirmira
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, Llompart I, Mateos D, Casares M, Ugarriza L, Martínez JA, Tur JA, Sureda A. Mediterranean Diet Improves Plasma Biomarkers Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Process in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040833. [PMID: 37107208 PMCID: PMC10134978 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows liver fat depots without alcohol consumption. NAFLD does not have specific drug therapies, with a healthy lifestyle and weight loss being the main approaches to prevent and treat NAFLD. The aim was to assess the antioxidant and pro-inflammatory state in patients with NAFLD after 12-month-lifestyle intervention depending on the change in adherence to a Mediterranean diet (AMD). Antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in 67 adults (aged 40–60 years old) diagnosed with NAFLD. Anthropometric parameters and dietary intake were measured by a validated semi-quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire. The nutritional intervention improved anthropometric and biochemical parameters after a 12-month follow-up. However, decreases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and C reactive protein (CRP) were higher in participants with high AMD, which also showed higher improvement in physical fitness (Chester step test) and intrahepatic fat contents. The intervention reduced plasma levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, zonulin, and omentin, and increased resolvin D1 (RvD1), whereas the decrease in leptin, ectodysplasin-A (EDA), cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), interleukin-1ra (IL-1ra) and endotoxin was only significant in participants with higher AMD. The current study showed that a one-year nutritional intervention improved main NAFLD features such as body mass index, IFC, liver enzymes, and prooxidant and proinflammatory status. There was also a decrease in the concentration of plasmatic endotoxin, suggesting an improvement in intestinal permeability. These health benefits were more evident in participants that improved AMD to a greater extent. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with registry number NCT04442620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Mateos
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cardiometabolics Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-173146; Fax: +34-971-173184
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (I.L.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Dietary Intervention on Overweight and Obesity after Confinement by COVID-19. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040912. [PMID: 36839270 PMCID: PMC9960430 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a public health problem in our society and is associated with many diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, respiratory diseases, and cancer. Several studies relate weight loss in obese patients to improved anthropometric measurements and cardiometabolic risk. The objective of our study was to evaluate anthropometric changes, analytical parameters, insulin resistance, fatty liver, and metabolic scales, after a personalized weight loss program, through dietary advice to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet and a motivational booster via mobile SMS messaging. METHODS Intervention study on a sample of 1964 workers, in which different anthropometric parameters were evaluated before and after dietary intervention: the metabolic score of insulin resistance; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using different scales; metabolic syndrome; atherogenic dyslipidemia; and the cardiometabolic index. A descriptive analysis of the categorical variables was performed, by calculating the frequency and distribution of the responses for each one. For quantitative variables, the mean and standard deviation were calculated, since they followed a normal distribution. Bivariate association analysis was performed by applying the chi-squared test (corrected by Fisher's exact statistic when conditions required it) and Student's t-test for independent samples (for comparison of means). RESULTS The population subjected to the Mediterranean diet improved in all the variables evaluated at 12 months of follow-up and compliance with the diet. CONCLUSIONS Dietary advice on a Mediterranean diet and its reinforcement with reminder messages through the use of mobile phones may be useful to improve the parameters evaluated in this study and reduce the cardiometabolic risk of patients.
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Alonso-Bernáldez M, Cuevas-Sierra A, Micó V, Higuera-Gómez A, Ramos-Lopez O, Daimiel L, Dávalos A, Martínez-Urbistondo M, Moreno-Torres V, Ramirez de Molina A, Vargas JA, Martinez JA. An Interplay between Oxidative Stress (Lactate Dehydrogenase) and Inflammation (Anisocytosis) Mediates COVID-19 Severity Defined by Routine Clinical Markers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020234. [PMID: 36829793 PMCID: PMC9951932 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections activate the innate immune response and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. They also alter oxidative stress markers, which potentially can have an involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this research was to study the role of the oxidative stress process assessed through lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) on the severity of COVID-19 measured by oxygen saturation (SaO2) and the putative interaction with inflammation. The investigation enrolled 1808 patients (mean age of 68 and 60% male) with COVID-19 from the HM Hospitals database. To explore interactions, a regression model and mediation analyses were performed. The patients with lower SaO2 presented lymphopenia and higher values of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio and on the anisocytosis coefficient. The regression model showed an interaction between LDH and anisocytosis, suggesting that high levels of LDH (>544 U/L) and an anisocytosis coefficient higher than 10% can impact SaO2 in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, analysis revealed that LDH mediated 41% (p value = 0.001) of the effect of anisocytosis on SaO2 in this cohort. This investigation revealed that the oxidative stress marker LDH and the interaction with anisocytosis have an important role in the severity of COVID-19 infection and should be considered for the management and treatment of the oxidative phenomena concerning this within a precision medicine strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Bernáldez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.A.-B.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Amanda Cuevas-Sierra
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.A.-B.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Víctor Micó
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Higuera-Gómez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Moreno-Torres
- Puerta de Hierro Research Institute, University Hospital, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain
- UNIR Health Sciences School Medical Center, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramirez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Vargas
- Puerta de Hierro Research Institute, University Hospital, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martinez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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