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Tesoro C, Lelario F, Piscitelli F, Di Capua A, Della Sala P, Montoro P, Bianco G, Acquavia MA, Dell’Agli M, Piazza S, Ciriello R. Vicia faba L. Pod Valves: A By-Product with High Potential as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:3943. [PMID: 39203021 PMCID: PMC11357479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vicia faba L. is a leguminous plant with seeds rich in nutritional compounds, such as polyphenols and L-dopa, a dopamine precursor and first-line treatment for Parkinson's symptoms. Recently, its by-products have been revalued as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds. In this study, aqueous extracts of Lucan broad bean pod valves (BPs) were characterized to evaluate their potential use as adjuvants in severe Parkinson's disease. L-dopa content, quantified by LC-UV, was much higher in BPs than in seeds (28.65 mg/g dw compared to 0.76 mg/g dw). In addition, vicine and convicine, the metabolites responsible for favism, were not detected in pods. LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap/MS2 allowed the identification of the major polyphenolic compounds, including quercetin and catechin equivalents, that could ensure neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. ESI(±)-FT-ICR MS was used to build 2D van Krevelen diagrams; polyphenolic compounds and carbohydrates were the most representative classes. The neuroprotective activity of the extracts after MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells was also investigated. BP extracts were more effective than synthetic L-dopa, even at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL, due to the occurrence of antioxidants able to prevent oxidative stress. The stability and antioxidant component of the extracts were then emphasized by using naturally acidic solutions of Punica granatum L., Ribes rubrum L., and gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) as extraction solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Tesoro
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Filomena Lelario
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Angela Di Capua
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Paolo Della Sala
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of the Study of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Paola Montoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Bianco
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Maria Assunta Acquavia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Rosanna Ciriello
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.A.A.); (R.C.)
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Myrtsi ED, Vlachostergios DN, Petsoulas C, Koulocheri SD, Evergetis E, Haroutounian SA. Εleven Greek Legume Beans: Assessment of Genotypic Effect on Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:459. [PMID: 38671907 PMCID: PMC11047335 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes, one of the first crops of humanity, inherently constitute a staple nutritional source for mankind, attracting significant research attention that has been afforded to the development of numerous cultivars. The study herein concerns the exploitation of the nutritional and bio-functional content of beans harvested from eleven Greek cultivars belonging to five different species, namely Cicer arietinum L., Pisum sativum L., Vicia faba L., Lens culinaris L., and Phaseolus vulgaris L. The final goal is to define their varietal identity and correlate their phytochemical content with their potential utilization as functional foods and/or feed of high nutritional value. In this respect, their extracts were screened against the presence of 27 fatty acids and 19 phenolic compounds, revealing the presence of 22 and 15 molecules, respectively. Specifically, numerous fatty acids were detected in significant amounts in all but C. arietinum extract, while significant polyphenolic content was confirmed only in P. vulgaris. Among individual compounds, linoleic acid was the major fatty acid detected in amounts averaging more than 150 mg/g, followed by oleic acid, which was present as a major compound in all extracts. Among the nine polyphenols detected in P. vulgaris, the molecules of genistein (3.88 mg/g) and coumestrol (0.82 mg/g) were the most abundant. Their antioxidant properties were evaluated through DPPH and FRAP assays, which were highlighted as most potent in both tests of the V. faba extract, while C. arietinum was determined as totally inactive, indicating a potential correlation between the phenolic content of the plant species and antioxidant activity. These results are indicative of the significant advances achieved for the cultivars investigated and reveal their important role as nutritional crops for human and animal consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni D. Myrtsi
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 41335 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Christos Petsoulas
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 41335 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Sofia D. Koulocheri
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Epameinondas Evergetis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Serkos A. Haroutounian
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
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Castaldo L, Lombardi S, Izzo L, Ritieni A. Exploring the Chemical Composition of Female Zucchini Flowers for Their Possible Use as Nutraceutical Ingredient. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2108. [PMID: 38136227 PMCID: PMC10740746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) plant is well known for its fruits; however, its edible flowers appear to contain several active molecules, including polyphenols, which display poor bioaccessibility after gastrointestinal digestion (GiD). This study explores the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity within zucchini flower extracts during simulated GiD. Two nutraceutical formulations, non-acid-resistant (NAcR) and acid-resistant (AcR) capsules containing an aqueous extract of zucchini flowers, were employed in this investigation. Additionally, high-resolution mass spectrometry (Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was utilized for a comprehensive analysis of their polyphenolic constituents. Predominantly, rutin and isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside were the most prevalent compounds detected in the samples (514.62 and 318.59 mg/kg, respectively). Following in vitro GiD, the extract encapsulated in AcR capsules exhibited enhanced bioaccessibility during both the duodenal (189.2 and 162.5 mg GAE/100 g, respectively) and colonic stages (477.4 and 344.7 mg GAE/100 g, respectively) when compared with the extract encapsulated in NAcR capsules. This suggests that gastric acidity adversely impacted the release of polyphenols from NAcR capsules. In conclusion, the aqueous zucchini flower extract emerges as a promising and readily accessible source of dietary polyphenols. Moreover, the utilization of AcR capsules presents a potential nutraceutical formulation strategy to improve polyphenol bioaccessibility, enhancing its applicability in promoting health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luana Izzo
- Food Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (S.L.); (A.R.)
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Liu P, Fan B, Mu Y, Tong L, Lu C, Li L, Liu J, Sun J, Wang F. Plant-Wide Target Metabolomics Provides a Novel Interpretation of the Changes in Chemical Components during Dendrobium officinale Traditional Processing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1995. [PMID: 38001848 PMCID: PMC10669339 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional processing of Dendrobium officinale (DO) is performed in five necessary processing steps: processing fresh strips, drying at 85 °C, curling, molding, and drying at 35 °C (Fengdou). The antioxidant activity of DO is increased after it is processed into Fengdou. To comprehensively analyze the changes in the functional components, a plant-wide target metabolomics approach was employed. In total, 739 differential chemical components were identified in five processing treatments, mainly highlighting differences in the levels of phenolic acids, flavonoids, lipids, and amino acids and their derivatives, and the glycosylation of aglycone resulted in the upregulation of flavonoid glycoside levels. Temperature is a key factor in DO processing during production. In addition, the enrichment of specific differential chemical components was found mainly in five different metabolic pathways: glucosinolate biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and ubiquinone and other terpene quinone biosynthesis. A correlation analysis clarified that total phenols and flavonoids show a significant positive correlation with antioxidant capacity. This study provides new insights into the influence of the processing processes on DO quality, which may provide guidance for the high-quality production of DO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; (P.L.); (B.F.); (Y.M.); (L.T.); (C.L.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; (P.L.); (B.F.); (Y.M.); (L.T.); (C.L.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
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Jiménez-Moreno N, Esparza I, Ancín-Azpilicueta C. Antioxidant Properties of Bioactive Compounds in Fruit and Vegetable Waste. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1647. [PMID: 37627642 PMCID: PMC10451686 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, great interest has arisen in the study of compounds with antioxidant activity present in agri-food residues [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Jiménez-Moreno
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Esparza
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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