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Huo J, Mówińska AM, Eren AN, Schoen J, Chen S. Oxygen levels affect oviduct epithelium functions in air-liquid interface culture. Histochem Cell Biol 2024; 161:521-537. [PMID: 38530407 PMCID: PMC11162385 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Key reproductive events such as fertilization and early embryonic development occur in the lumen of the oviduct. Since investigating these processes in vivo is both technically challenging and ethically sensitive, cell culture models have been established to reproduce the oviductal microenvironment. Compartmentalized culture systems, particularly air-liquid interface cultures (ALI; cells access the culture medium only from the basolateral cell side), result in highly differentiated oviduct epithelial cell cultures. The oxygen (O2) tension within the oviduct is 4-10% across species, and its reduced O2 content is presumed to be important for early reproductive processes. However, cell culture models of the oviduct are typically cultivated without O2 regulation and therefore at about 18% O2. To investigate the impact of O2 levels on oviduct epithelium functions in vitro, we cultured porcine oviduct epithelial cells (POEC) at the ALI using both physiological (5%) and supraphysiological (18%) O2 levels and two different media regimes. Epithelium architecture, barrier function, secretion of oviduct fluid surrogate (OFS), and marker gene expression were comparatively assessed. Under all culture conditions, ALI-POEC formed polarized, ciliated monolayers with appropriate barrier function. Exposure to 18% O2 accelerated epithelial differentiation and significantly increased the apical OFS volume and total protein content. Expression of oviduct genes and the abundance of OVGP1 (oviduct-specific glycoprotein 1) in the OFS were influenced by both O2 tension and medium choice. In conclusion, oviduct epithelial cells can adapt to a supraphysiological O2 environment. This adaptation, however, may alter their capability to replicate in vivo tissue characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Huo
- Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Maria Mówińska
- Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ali Necmi Eren
- Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schoen
- Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Jurčacková Z, Ciglanová D, Mudroňová D, Bárcenas-Pérez D, Cheel J, Hrčková G. Influence of standard culture conditions and effect of oleoresin from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis on splenic cells from healthy Balb/c mice - a pilot study. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:764-777. [PMID: 38062299 PMCID: PMC10739404 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00822-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we used splenocytes from healthy mice to study the effects of the two most commonly used cell culture media (A, B) with different compositions of redox reagents. The incubation of cells for 24 h resulted in a significant decrease in viability and metabolic activity of splenocytes, and the negative effects of incubation in medium B were more pronounced. In standard conditions, oxidative stress in cells was manifested by reduced mitochondrial potential, and this effect correlated with the transition of 58.3% of cells to the early stage of apoptosis under reducing conditions of medium A and up to 66.1% of cells under super-reducing conditions in medium B, suggesting altered cell physiology. High levels of ROS/RNS activated transcription factor Nrf2, superoxide dismutase 1, and catalase. The higher mRNA levels of these genes were under the conditions of medium B, whose super-reducing environment in combination with the environment of conventional incubators proved to be less suitable for the cells compared to medium A. Treatment of the cells with a lower concentration (10 µg/ml) of oleoresin obtained from the microalga H. pluvialis partially eliminated the negative effects of cultivation. Higher concentration of oleoresin (40 µg/ml) was slightly cytotoxic, due to the significant antioxidant effect of astaxanthin, the main bioactive component of the extract, which eliminated most of the ROS/RNS acting as signalling molecules. This study shows that the standard culture conditions do not reflect the physiological in vivo cell conditions; therefore, they are not generally suitable for incubation of all cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Jurčacková
- Institute of Parasitology, The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Ciglanová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Bárcenas-Pérez
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology - Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický Mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - José Cheel
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology - Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický Mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Gabriela Hrčková
- Institute of Parasitology, The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia.
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Jurčacková Z, Ciglanová D, Mudroňová D, Tumová L, Bárcenas-Pérez D, Kopecký J, Koščová J, Cheel J, Hrčková G. Astaxanthin Extract from Haematococcus pluvialis and Its Fractions of Astaxanthin Mono- and Diesters Obtained by CCC Show Differential Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Effects on Naïve-Mouse Spleen Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1144. [PMID: 37371874 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are the most abundant lipid-soluble phytochemicals and are used as dietary supplements to protect against diseases caused by oxidative stress. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a very potent antioxidant with numerous beneficial effects on cellular functions and signaling pathways. In this study, using spleen cells from healthy Balb/c mice, we report the bio-functional effects of an astaxanthin-rich extract (EXT) prepared from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis and its astaxanthin monoesters-rich fraction (ME) and astaxanthin diesters-rich fraction (DE) obtained by fractionation of EXT using countercurrent chromatography (CCC). After incubation under standard culture conditions (humidity, 37 °C, 5% CO2, atmospheric oxygen), the viability of untreated splenocytes, as determined by the trypan blue exclusion assay, the MTT assay, and the neutral red assay, decreases to approximately 75% after 24 h compared with naïve splenocytes. This effect correlated with the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and the transition of ~59% of cells to the early stage of apoptosis, as well as with the decreased ROS production, indicating that hyperoxia in cell-culture deteriorates cell functions. They are restored or stimulated by co-cultivation with EXT, ME, and DE up to 10 µg/mL in the order EXT > DE > ME, suggesting that esterification increases bioavailability to cells in vitro. ROS and H2O2 concentrations reflect mRNA transcriptional activity of Nrf2, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 1, as well as SOD-mediated ROS conversion, whereas they inversely correlate with iNOS-mediated NO production. The highest-tested concentration of EXT, ME, and DE (40 µg/mL) is detrimental to cells, probably because of the overwhelming scavenging activity of astaxanthin and its esters for the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species required for cellular functions and signal transduction at low physiological concentrations. In this study, we demonstrate that differential activities of ME and DE contribute to the final antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of astaxanthin extract, which is beneficial in preventing a wide range of ROS-induced adverse effects, with DE being more effective. In addition, the selection of physioxia-like conditions for pharmacological research is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Jurčacková
- Institute of Parasitology, The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Ciglanová
- Institute of Parasitology, The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 68, 04181 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Tumová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50165 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Bárcenas-Pérez
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kopecký
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Koščová
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - José Cheel
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Hrčková
- Institute of Parasitology, The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
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Um SH, Seo Y, Seo H, Lee K, Park SH, Jeon JH, Lim JY, Ok MR, Kim YC, Kim H, Cheon CH, Han HS, Edwards JR, Kim SW, Jeon H. Biomimetic hydrogel blanket for conserving and recovering intrinsic cell properties. Biomater Res 2022; 26:78. [PMID: 36514131 PMCID: PMC9746181 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells in the human body experience different growth environments and conditions, such as compressive pressure and oxygen concentrations, depending on the type and location of the tissue. Thus, a culture device that emulates the environment inside the body is required to study cells outside the body. METHODS A blanket-type cell culture device (Direct Contact Pressing: DCP) was fabricated with an alginate-based hydrogel. Changes in cell morphology due to DCP pressure were observed using a phase contrast microscope. The changes in the oxygen permeability and pressure according to the hydrogel concentration of DCP were analyzed. To compare the effects of DCP with normal or artificial hypoxic cultures, cells were divided based on the culture technique: normal culture, DCP culture device, and artificial hypoxic environment. Changes in phenotype, genes, and glycosaminoglycan amounts according to each environment were evaluated. Based on this, the mechanism of each culture environment on the intrinsic properties of conserving chondrocytes was suggested. RESULTS Chondrocytes live under pressure from the surrounding collagen tissue and experience a hypoxic environment because collagen inhibits oxygen permeability. By culturing the chondrocytes in a DCP environment, the capability of DCP to produce a low-oxygen and physical pressure environment was verified. When human primary chondrocytes, which require pressure and a low-oxygen environment during culture to maintain their innate properties, were cultured using the hydrogel blanket, the original shapes and properties of the chondrocytes were maintained. The intrinsic properties could be recovered even in aged cells that had lost their original cell properties. CONCLUSIONS A DCP culture method using a biomimetic hydrogel blanket provides cells with an adjustable physical pressure and a low-oxygen environment. Through this technique, we could maintain the original cellular phenotypes and intrinsic properties of human primary chondrocytes. The results of this study can be applied to other cells that require special pressure and oxygen concentration control to maintain their intrinsic properties. Additionally, this technique has the potential to be applied to the re-differentiation of cells that have lost their original properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hoon Um
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Laval University, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Youngmin Seo
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,R&D Institute, OID Ltd, Seoul, 06286 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseon Seo
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XSchool of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwoo Lee
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Park
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering, Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Laval University, G1V 0A6 Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jung Ho Jeon
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Lim
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Ryul Ok
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Kim
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.412786.e0000 0004 1791 8264Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- grid.256753.00000 0004 0470 5964Division of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hong Cheon
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seop Han
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - James R. Edwards
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Sung Won Kim
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.412786.e0000 0004 1791 8264Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792 Republic of Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
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Alva R, Moradi F, Liang P, Stuart JA. Culture of Cancer Cells at Physiological Oxygen Levels Affects Gene Expression in a Cell-Type Specific Manner. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1684. [PMID: 36421698 PMCID: PMC9688152 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Standard cell culture is routinely performed at supraphysiological oxygen levels (~18% O2). Conversely, O2 levels in most mammalian tissues range from 1-6% (physioxia). Such hyperoxic conditions in cell culture can alter reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, metabolism, mitochondrial networks, and response to drugs and hormones. The aim of this study was to investigate the transcriptional response to different O2 levels and determine whether it is similar across cell lines, or cell line-specific. Using RNA-seq, we performed differential gene expression and functional enrichment analyses in four human cancer cell lines, LNCaP, Huh-7, PC-3, and SH-SY5Y cultured at either 5% or 18% O2 for 14 days. We found that O2 levels affected transcript abundance of thousands of genes, with the affected genes having little overlap between cell lines. Functional enrichment analysis also revealed different processes and pathways being affected by O2 in each cell line. Interestingly, most of the top differentially expressed genes are involved in cancer biology, which highlights the importance of O2 levels in cancer cell research. Further, we observed several hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) targets, HIF-2α targets particularly, upregulated at 5% O2, consistent with a role for HIFs in physioxia. O2 levels also differentially induced the transcription of mitochondria-encoded genes in most cell lines. Finally, by comparing our transcriptomic data from LNCaP and PC-3 with datasets from the Prostate Cancer Transcriptome Atlas, a correlation between genes upregulated at 5% O2 in LNCaP cells and the in vivo prostate cancer transcriptome was found. We conclude that the transcriptional response to O2 over the range from 5-18% is robust and highly cell-type specific. This latter finding indicates that the effects of O2 levels are difficult to predict and thus highlights the importance of regulating O2 in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Alva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Moradi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A. Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
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Alva R, Mirza M, Baiton A, Lazuran L, Samokysh L, Bobinski A, Cowan C, Jaimon A, Obioru D, Al Makhoul T, Stuart JA. Oxygen toxicity: cellular mechanisms in normobaric hyperoxia. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:111-143. [PMID: 36112262 PMCID: PMC9483325 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In clinical settings, oxygen therapy is administered to preterm neonates and to adults with acute and chronic conditions such as COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis, sepsis, cardiac arrest, carbon monoxide poisoning, and acute heart failure. In non-clinical settings, divers and astronauts may also receive supplemental oxygen. In addition, under current standard cell culture practices, cells are maintained in atmospheric oxygen, which is several times higher than what most cells experience in vivo. In all the above scenarios, the elevated oxygen levels (hyperoxia) can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, and other sources. This can cause cell dysfunction or death. Acute hyperoxia injury impairs various cellular functions, manifesting ultimately as physiological deficits. Chronic hyperoxia, particularly in the neonate, can disrupt development, leading to permanent deficiencies. In this review, we discuss the cellular activities and pathways affected by hyperoxia, as well as strategies that have been developed to ameliorate injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Alva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Maha Mirza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Adam Baiton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lucas Lazuran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lyuda Samokysh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ava Bobinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Cale Cowan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Alvin Jaimon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Dede Obioru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Tala Al Makhoul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Mantripragada VP, Kaplevatsky R, Bova WA, Boehm C, Obuchowski NA, Midura RJ, Muschler GF. Influence of Glucose Concentration on Colony-Forming Efficiency and Biological Performance of Primary Human Tissue-Derived Progenitor Cells. Cartilage 2021; 13:95S-106S. [PMID: 32100548 PMCID: PMC8804831 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520906605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucose concentrations used in current cell culture methods are a significant departure from physiological glucose levels. The study focuses on comparing the effects of glucose concentrations on primary human progenitors (connective tissue progenitors [CTPs]) used for cartilage repair. DESIGN Cartilage- (Outerbridge grade 1, 2, 3; superficial and deep zone cartilage), infrapatellar fatpad-, synovium-, and periosteum-derived cells were obtained from 63 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and cultured simultaneously in fresh chondrogenic media containing 25 mM glucose (HGL) or 5 mM glucose (NGL) for pairwise comparison. Automated ASTM-based quantitative image analysis was used to determine colony-forming efficiency (CFE), effective proliferation rates (EPR), and sulfated-proteoglycan (GAG-ECM) staining of the CTPs across tissue sources. RESULTS HGL resulted in increased cell cultures with CFE = 0 compared with NGL in all tissue sources (P = 0.049). The CFE in NGL was higher than HGL for superficial cartilage (P < 0.001), and contrary for synovium-derived CTPs (P = 0.046) when CFE > 0. EPR of the CTPs did not differ between the media in the 6-day assay time period (P = 0.082). The GAG-ECM area of the CTPs and their progeny was increased in presence of HGL (P = 0.027). CONCLUSION Glucose concentration is critical to progenitor's physiology and should be taken into account in the setting of protocols for clinical or in vitro cell expansion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata P. Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA,Venkata P. Mantripragada, Department of
Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid
Avenue, ND3-30, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | | | - Wes A. Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nancy A. Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health
Science, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ronald J. Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George F. Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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8
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The Effect of Oxygen and Micronutrient Composition of Cell Growth Media on Cancer Cell Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Networks. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081177. [PMID: 34439843 PMCID: PMC8391631 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell culture is routinely performed under superphysiologic O2 levels and in media such as Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with nutrient composition dissimilar to mammalian extracellular fluid. Recently developed cell culture media (e.g., Plasmax, Human Plasma-Like Medium (HPLM)), which are modeled on the metabolite composition of human blood plasma, have been shown to shift key cellular activities in several cancer cell lines. Similar effects have been reported with respect to O2 levels in cell culture. Given these observations, we investigated how media composition and O2 levels affect cellular energy metabolism and mitochondria network structure in MCF7, SaOS2, LNCaP, and Huh7 cells. Cells were cultured in physiologic (5%) or standard (18%) O2 levels, and in physiologic (Plasmax) or standard cell culture media (DMEM). We show that both O2 levels and media composition significantly affect mitochondrial abundance and network structure, concomitantly with changes in cellular bioenergetics. Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), a proxy for glycolytic activity, was generally higher in cells cultured in DMEM while oxygen consumption rates (OCR) were lower. This effect of media on energy metabolism is an important consideration for the study of cancer drugs that target aspects of energy metabolism, including lactate dehydrogenase activity.
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Chistyakov DV, Goriainov SV, Astakhova AA, Sergeeva MG. High Glucose Shifts the Oxylipin Profiles in the Astrocytes towards Pro-Inflammatory States. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050311. [PMID: 34068011 PMCID: PMC8152232 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is associated with several complications in the brain, which are also characterized by inflammatory conditions. Astrocytes are responsible for glucose metabolism in the brain and are also important participants of inflammatory responses. Oxylipins are lipid mediators, derived from the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are generally considered to be a link between metabolic and inflammatory processes. High glucose exposure causes astrocyte dysregulation, but its effects on the metabolism of oxylipins are relatively unknown and therefore, constituted the focus of our work. We used normal glucose (NG, 5.5 mM) vs. high glucose (HG, 25 mM) feeding media in primary rat astrocytes-enriched cultures and measured the extracellular release of oxylipins (UPLC-MS/MS) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The sensitivity of HG and NG growing astrocytes in oxylipin synthesis for various serum concentrations was also tested. Our data reveal shifts towards pro-inflammatory states in HG non-stimulated cells: an increase in the amounts of free PUFAs, including arachidonic (AA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids, and cyclooxygenase (COX) mediated metabolites. Astrocytes cultivated in HG showed a tolerance to the LPS, and an imbalance between inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) and oxylipins release. These results suggest a regulation of COX-mediated oxylipin synthesis in astrocytes as a potential new target in treating brain impairment associated with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Chistyakov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.A.); (M.G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +74-95-939-4332
| | - Sergei V. Goriainov
- SREC PFUR Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alina A. Astakhova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.A.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Marina G. Sergeeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.A.); (M.G.S.)
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Brockmueller A, Sameri S, Liskova A, Zhai K, Varghese E, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol's Anti-Cancer Effects through the Modulation of Tumor Glucose Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020188. [PMID: 33430318 PMCID: PMC7825813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of cancer is an ongoing medical challenge. In the context of personalized medicine, the well-studied polyphenol resveratrol could complement classical tumor therapy. It may affect key processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis in various cancers because resveratrol acts as a multi-targeting agent by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways. This review article focuses on resveratrol’s ability to modify tumor glucose metabolism and its associated therapeutic capacity. Resveratrol reduces glucose uptake and glycolysis by affecting Glut1, PFK1, HIF-1α, ROS, PDH, and the CamKKB/AMPK pathway. It also inhibits cell growth, invasion, and proliferation by targeting NF-kB, Sirt1, Sirt3, LDH, PI-3K, mTOR, PKM2, R5P, G6PD, TKT, talin, and PGAM. In addition, resveratrol induces apoptosis by targeting integrin, p53, LDH, and FAK. In conclusion, resveratrol has many potentials to intervene in tumor processes if bioavailability can be increased and this natural compound can be used selectively. Abstract Tumor cells develop several metabolic reprogramming strategies, such as increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis and fermentation of glucose to lactate; these lead to a low pH environment in which the cancer cells thrive and evade apoptosis. These characteristics of tumor cells are known as the Warburg effect. Adaptive metabolic alterations in cancer cells can be attributed to mutations in key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. The features of the Warburg phenotype may serve as promising markers for the early detection and treatment of tumors. Besides, the glycolytic process of tumors is reversible and could represent a therapeutic target. So-called mono-target therapies are often unsafe and ineffective, and have a high prevalence of recurrence. Their success is hindered by the ability of tumor cells to simultaneously develop multiple chemoresistance pathways. Therefore, agents that modify several cellular targets, such as energy restriction to target tumor cells specifically, have therapeutic potential. Resveratrol, a natural active polyphenol found in grapes and red wine and used in many traditional medicines, is known for its ability to target multiple components of signaling pathways in tumors, leading to the suppression of cell proliferation, activation of apoptosis, and regression in tumor growth. Here, we describe current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which resveratrol modulates glucose metabolism, its potential as an imitator of caloric restriction, and its therapeutic capacity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Saba Sameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838678 Hamadan, Iran;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-892-1807-2624; Fax: +49-892-1807-2625
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11
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Ha ES, Park H, Lee SK, Sim WY, Jeong JS, Kim MS. Equilibrium solubility and modeling of trans-resveratrol in dichloromethane and primary alcohol solvent mixtures at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pure Trans-Resveratrol Nanoparticles Prepared by A Supercritical Antisolvent Process Using Alcohol and Dichloromethane Mixtures: Effect of Particle Size on Dissolution and Bioavailability in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040342. [PMID: 32331478 PMCID: PMC7222356 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles without additives (surfactants, polymers, and sugars) using a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process with alcohol (methanol or ethanol) and dichloromethane mixtures. In addition, in order to investigate the effect of particle size on the dissolution and oral bioavailability of the trans-resveratrol, two microparticles with different sizes (1.94 μm and 18.75 μm) were prepared using two different milling processes, and compared to trans-resveratrol nanoparticles prepared by the SAS process. The solid-state properties of pure trans-resveratrol particles were characterized. By increasing the percentage of dichloromethane in the solvent mixtures, the mean particle size of trans-resveratrol was decreased, whereas its specific surface area was increased. The particle size could thus be controlled by solvent composition. Trans-resveratrol nanoparticle with a mean particle size of 0.17 μm was prepared by the SAS process using the ethanol/dichloromethane mixture at a ratio of 25/75 (w/w). The in vitro dissolution rate of trans-resveratrol in fasted state-simulated gastric fluid was significantly improved by the reduction of particle size, resulting in enhanced oral bioavailability in rats. The absolute bioavailability of trans-resveratrol nanoparticles was 25.2%. The maximum plasma concentration values were well correlated with the in vitro dissolution rate. These findings clearly indicate that the oral bioavailability of trans-resveratrol can be enhanced by preparing pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles without additives (surfactants, polymers, and sugars) by the SAS process. These pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles can be applied as an active ingredient for the development of health supplements, pharmaceutical products, and cosmetic products.
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Fontana F, Raimondi M, Marzagalli M, Di Domizio A, Limonta P. Natural Compounds in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020460. [PMID: 32085497 PMCID: PMC7072821 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a major cause of cancer mortality among men in developed countries. Patients with recurrent disease initially respond to androgen-deprivation therapy, but the tumor eventually progresses into castration-resistant PCa; in this condition, tumor cells acquire the ability to escape cell death and develop resistance to current therapies. Thus, new therapeutic approaches for PCa management are urgently needed. In this setting, natural products have been extensively studied for their anti-PCa activities, such as tumor growth suppression, cell death induction, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that phytochemicals can specifically target the androgen receptor (AR) signaling, as well as the PCa stem cells (PCSCs). Interestingly, many clinical trials have been conducted to test the efficacy of nutraceuticals in human subjects, and they have partially confirmed the promising results obtained in vitro and in preclinical models. This article summarizes the anti-cancer mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of different natural compounds in the context of PCa prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Michela Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Alessandro Di Domizio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- SPILLOproject, 20037 Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250318213
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Preparation and Evaluation of Resveratrol-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Using a Supercritical Fluid Technology for Enhanced Oral and Skin Delivery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110554. [PMID: 31739617 PMCID: PMC6912748 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We created composite nanoparticles containing hydrophilic additives using a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process to increase the solubility and dissolution properties of trans-resveratrol for application in oral and skin delivery. Physicochemical properties of trans-resveratrol-loaded composite nanoparticles were characterized. In addition, an in vitro dissolution-permeation study, an in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, and an ex vivo skin permeation study in rats were performed. The mean particle size of all the composite nanoparticles produced was less than 300 nm. Compared to micronized trans-resveratrol, the trans-resveratrol/hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC)/poloxamer 407 (1:4:1) nanoparticles with the highest flux (0.792 μg/min/cm2) exhibited rapid absorption and showed significantly higher exposure 4 h after oral administration. Good correlations were observed between in vitro flux and in vivo pharmacokinetic data. The increased solubility and flux of trans-resveratrol generated by the HPMC/surfactant nanoparticles increased the driving force on the gastrointestinal epithelial membrane and rat skin, resulting in enhanced oral and skin delivery of trans-resveratrol. HPMC/surfactant nanoparticles produced by an SAS process are, thus, a promising formulation method for trans-resveratrol for healthcare products (owing to their enhanced absorption via oral administration) and for skin application with cosmetic products.
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Olivares-Marin IK, González-Hernández JC, Madrigal-Perez LA. Resveratrol cytotoxicity is energy-dependent. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13008. [PMID: 31385323 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a phytochemical that may promote health. However, it has also been reported to be a toxic compound. The molecular mechanism by which resveratrol acts remains unclear. The inhibition of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway appears to be the molecular mechanism of resveratrol. Taking this into account, we propose that the cytotoxic properties of resveratrol depend on the energy (e.g., carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) availability in the cells. In this regard, in a condition with low energy accessibility, resveratrol could enhance ATP starvation to lethal levels. In contrast, when cells are supplemented with high quantities of energy and resveratrol, the inhibition of OXPHOS might produce a low-energy environment, mimicking the beneficial effects of caloric restriction. This review suggests that investigating a possible complex relationship between caloric intake and the differential effects of resveratrol on OXPHOS may be justified. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A low-calorie diet accompanied by significant levels of resveratrol might modify cellular bioenergetics, which could impact cellular viability and enhance the anti-cancer properties of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis Alberto Madrigal-Perez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Ciudad Hidalgo, Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico
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Ralph SJ, Nozuhur S, ALHulais RA, Rodríguez‐Enríquez S, Moreno‐Sánchez R. Repurposing drugs as pro‐oxidant redox modifiers to eliminate cancer stem cells and improve the treatment of advanced stage cancers. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2397-2426. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Ralph
- School of Medical ScienceGriffith University Southport Australia
| | - Sam Nozuhur
- School of Medical ScienceGriffith University Southport Australia
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Resveratrol Anti-Obesity Effects: Rapid Inhibition of Adipocyte Glucose Utilization. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8030074. [PMID: 30917543 PMCID: PMC6466544 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in animal models of diabetes and obesity have shown that resveratrol mitigates complications of metabolic diseases, beyond those resulting from oxidative stress. Furthermore, results obtained with cultured preadipocytes have also revealed that prolonged resveratrol treatment impairs adipogenesis. Considering the role of adipocytes in the hypertrophy of fat stores, and keeping in mind that insulin is the main trigger of excessive energy storage during post-prandial periods, the present study aimed to investigate how short-term effects of resveratrol can limit glucose disposal in a gut-adipose tissue axis. We found that resveratrol exhibits a more potent inhibitory capacity towards α-glucosidase than pancreatic lipase activity. Resveratrol also rapidly blunts glucose transport in mature fat cells by counteracting the effect of insulin and insulin-like lipogenic agents. Within two hours, resveratrol also inhibited the incorporation of glucose into lipids of adipocytes, which was unaffected by membrane cholesterol depletion. Moreover, the comparison between adipocytes with invalidated semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity and their control, or between resveratrol and several inhibitors, did not indicate that the recently described interaction of resveratrol with amine oxidases was involved in its antilipogenic effect. Caffeine and piceatannol, previously said to interact with glucose carriers, also inhibit lipogenesis in adipocytes, whereas other antioxidant phytochemicals do not reproduce such an antilipogenic effect. This study highlights the diverse first steps by which resveratrol impairs excessive fat accumulation, indicating that this natural molecule and its derivatives deserve further studies to develop their potential anti-obesity properties.
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