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Li X, Hong L, Ru M, Cai R, Meng Y, Wang B, Diao H, Li L, Wu Z. S100A8/A9-activated IFNγ + NK cells trigger β-cell necroptosis in hepatitis B virus-associated liver cirrhosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:345. [PMID: 39133305 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis (LC), a common condition with high incidence and mortality rates, is often associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired glucose regulation during HBV-associated LC remain unclear. METHODS Data from 63 patients with LC and 62 patients with LC-associated DM were analysed. Co-culture of NK cells and islet β cell lines were used to study the glucose regulation mechanism. A mouse model of LC was used to verify the effect of S100A8/A9 on the glucose regulation. RESULTS Higher levels of interferon (IFN)-γ derived from natural killer (NK) cells and lower levels of insulin emerged in the peripheral blood of patients with both LC and DM compared with those from patients with LC only. IFN-γ derived from NK cells facilitated β cell necroptosis and impaired insulin production. Furthermore, S100A8/A9 elevation in patients with both LC and DM was found to upregulate IFN-γ production in NK cells. Consistently, in the mouse model for LC, mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) and S100A8/A9 exhibited increased blood glucose, impaired insulin production, increased IFN-γ, and increased β cells necroptosis compared with those treated with CCL4. Mechanistically, S100A8/A9 activated the p38 MAPK pathway to increase IFN-γ production in NK cells. These effects were diminished after blocking RAGE. CONCLUSION Together, the data indicate that IFN-γ produced by NK cells induces β cell necroptosis via the S100A8/A9-RAGE-p38 MAPK axis in patients with LC and DM. Reduced levels of S100A8/A9, NK cells, and IFN-γ could be valuable for the treatment of LC with DM. Accumulation of S100A8/A9 in patients with LC may indicate the emergence of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - MingHui Ru
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Liu GM, Shao M, Liu Y. Dichloroacetate ameliorates apoptosis, EMT and oxidative stress in diabetic cataract via inhibiting the IDO1-dependent p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 586:112174. [PMID: 38301842 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
As an oral antidiabetic agent, dichloroacetate (DCA) has been proven to improve diabetes and related complications. However, its functional role in diabetic cataract (DC) remains to be elucidated. This study was to define the role of DCA and its underlying molecular mechanism in DC in vitro and in vivo. In this study, it was shown that DCA dose-dependently ameliorated DC formation and development in DM rats. In addition, DCA significantly increased cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and inhibited EMT and oxidative stress of high glucose (HG)-treated SRA-01/04 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, it was revealed that Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression was upregulated in lenses of DM rats and HG-treated SRA-01/04 cells, which was reversed by DCA. In addition, DCA abrogated the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling in the lenses of DM rats and HG-treated SRA-01/04 cells. Further experiments showed that IDO1 upregulation activated the p38 MAPK signaling in HG-challenged SRA-01/04 cells. Moreover, IDO1 overexpression partially reversed DCA-mediated inactivation of p38 MAPK signaling and suppression of HG-induced damage to SRA-01/04 cells. To sum up, our findings showed that DCA prevented DC-related apoptosis, EMT, and oxidative stress via inactivating IDO1-dependent p38 MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ming Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Dagar N, Jadhav HR, Gaikwad AB. Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and dynamics to assess the synergism of esculetin and phloretin against acute kidney injury-diabetes comorbidity. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10829-5. [PMID: 38578376 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global health concern with high incidence and mortality, where diabetes further worsens the condition. The available treatment options are not uniformly effective against the complex pathogenesis of AKI-diabetes comorbidity. Hence, combination therapies based on the multicomponent, multitarget approach can tackle more than one pathomechanism and can aid in AKI-diabetes comorbidity management. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of esculetin and phloretin combination against AKI-diabetes comorbidity by network pharmacology followed by validation by molecular docking and dynamics. The curative targets for diabetes, AKI, esculetin, and phloretin were obtained from DisGeNET, GeneCards, SwissTargetPrediction database. Further, the protein-protein interaction of the potential targets of esculetin and phloretin against AKI-diabetes comorbidity was investigated using the STRING database. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were performed with the help of the DAVID and KEGG databases, followed by network construction and analysis via Cytoscape. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations were performed to validate the targets of esculetin and phloretin against AKI-diabetes comorbidity. We obtained 6341 targets for AKI-diabetes comorbidity. Further, a total of 54 and 44 targets of esculetin and phloretin against AKI-diabetes comorbidity were retrieved. The top 10 targets for esculetin selected based on the degree value were AKR1B1, DAO, ESR1, PLK1, CA3, CA2, CCNE1, PRKN, HDAC2, and MAOA. Similarly, phloretin's 10 key targets were ACHE, CDK1, MAPK14, APP, CDK5R1, CCNE1, MAOA, MAOB, HDAC6, and PRKN. These targets were enriched in 58 pathways involved in the pathophysiology of AKI-diabetes comorbidity. Further, esculetin and phloretin showed an excellent binding affinity for these critical targets. The findings of this study suggest that esculetin and phloretin combination as a multicomponent multitarget therapy has the potential to prevent AKI-diabetes comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dagar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemant R Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Lu JQ, Luo ZY, Sun C, Wang SM, Sun D, Huang RJ, Yang X, Ding Y, Wang G. Baicalin administration could rescue high glucose-induced craniofacial skeleton malformation by regulating neural crest development. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1295356. [PMID: 38515837 PMCID: PMC10955141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1295356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia in pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital disorders, but little is known about craniofacial skeleton malformation and its corresponding medication. Our study first used meta-analysis to review the previous findings. Second, baicalin, an antioxidant, was chosen to counteract high glucose-induced craniofacial skeleton malformation. Its effectiveness was then tested by exposing chicken embryos to a combination of high glucose (HG, 50 mM) and 6 μM baicalin. Third, whole-mount immunofluorescence staining and in situ hybridization revealed that baicalin administration could reverse HG-inhibited neural crest cells (NCC) delamination and migration through upregulating the expression of Pax7 and Foxd3, and mitigate the disordered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by regulating corresponding adhesion molecules and transcription factors (i.e., E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Cadherin 6B, Slug and Msx1). Finally, through bioinformatic analysis and cellular thermal shift assay, we identified the AKR1B1 gene as a potential target. In summary, these findings suggest that baicalin could be used as a therapeutic agent for high glucose-induced craniofacial skeleton malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyang Sun
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Miao Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dixiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Mengyin County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Ruo-Jing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu W, Zhao J, Cai X, Wang Y, Lin W, Fang Y, Wang Y, Ao J, Shou J, Xu J, Zhu S. Cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with dental pulp stem cells and fibroblast growth factor 21 promotes diabetic scald repair via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and necroptosis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100919. [PMID: 38298888 PMCID: PMC10829787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes a loss of sensation in the skin, so diabetics are prone to burns when using heating devices. Diabetic scalded skin is often difficult to heal due to the microenvironment of high glucose, high oxidation, and low blood perfusion. The treatment of diabetic scald mainly focuses on three aspects: 1) promote the formation of the epithelium; 2) promote angiogenesis; and 3) maintain intracellular homeostasis. In response to these three major repair factors, we developed a cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with FGF21 and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to accelerate epithelial formation by recruiting cadherin to the epidermis and promoting the transformation of N cadherin to E cadherin; promoting angiogenesis to increase wound blood perfusion; regulating the stability of lysosomal and activating autophagy to maintain intracellular homeostasis in order to comprehensively advance the recovery of diabetic scald.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yaoping Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yunyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jinglei Ao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiahui Shou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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Guo Z, Ma X, Zhang RX, Yan H. Oxidative stress, epigenetic regulation and pathological processes of lens epithelial cells underlying diabetic cataract. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2023; 3:180-186. [PMID: 38106550 PMCID: PMC10724013 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Cataract is a blinding disease worldwide. It is an age-related disease that mainly occurs in people over 65 years old. Cataract is also prevalent in patients with diabetes mellites (DM). The pathological mechanisms underlying diabetic cataract (DC) are more complex than that of age-related cataract. Studies have identified that polyol pathway, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidative stress are the primary pathogenesis of DC. In recent years, molecular-level regulations and pathological processes of lens epithelial cells (LECs) have been confirmed to play roles in the initiation and progression of DC. A comprehensive understanding and elucidation of how chronic hyperglycemia drives molecular-level regulations and cytopathological processes in the lens will shed lights on the prevention, delay and treatment of DC. Main text Excessive glucose in the lens enhances polyol pathway and AGEs formation. Polyol pathway causes imbalance in the ratio of NADPH/NADP+ and NADH/NAD+. Decrease in NADPH/NADP+ ratio compromises antioxidant enzymes, while increase in NADH/NAD+ ratio promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress in the lens causes oxidation of DNA, proteins and lipids, leading to abnormalities in their structure and functions. Glycation of proteins by AGEs decreases solubility of proteins. High glucose triggered epigenetic regulations directly or indirectly affect expressions of genes and proteins in LECs. Changes in autophagic activity, increases in fibrosis and apoptosis of LECs destroy the morphological structure and physiological functions of the lens epithelium, disrupting lens homeostasis. Conclusions In both diabetic animal models and diabetics, oxidative stress plays crucial roles in the formation of cataract. Epigenetic regulations, include lncRNA, circRNA, microRNA, methylation of RNA and DNA, histone acetylation and pathological processes, include autophagy, fibrosis and apoptosis of LECs also involved in DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoxia Guo
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaopan Ma
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Xue Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Chen S, Li B, Chen L, Jiang H. Uncovering the mechanism of resveratrol in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:380. [PMID: 37308949 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in developed countries. Evidence of the benefits of resveratrol (RES) for the treatment of DKD is accumulating. However, comprehensive therapeutic targets and underlying mechanisms through which RES exerts its effects against DKD are limited. METHODS Drug targets of RES were obtained from Drugbank and SwissTargetPrediction Databases. Disease targets of DKD were obtained from DisGeNET, Genecards, and Therapeutic Target Database. Therapeutic targets for RES against DKD were identified by intersecting the drug targets and disease targets. GO functional enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, and disease association analysis were performed using the DAVID database and visualized by Cytoscape software. Molecular docking validation of the binding capacity between RES and targets was performed by UCSF Chimera software and SwissDock webserver. The high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury model, RT-qPCR, and western blot were used to verify the reliability of the effects of RES on target proteins. RESULTS After the intersection of the 86 drug targets and 566 disease targets, 25 therapeutic targets for RES against DKD were obtained. And the target proteins were classified into 6 functional categories. A total of 11 cellular components terms and 27 diseases, and the top 20 enriched biological processes, molecular functions, and KEGG pathways potentially involved in the RES action against DKD were recorded. Molecular docking studies showed that RES had a strong binding affinity toward PPARA, ESR1, SLC2A1, SHBG, AR, AKR1B1, PPARG, IGF1R, RELA, PIK3CA, MMP9, AKT1, INSR, MMP2, TTR, and CYP2C9 domains. The HG-induced podocyte injury model was successfully constructed and validated by RT-qPCR and western blot. RES treatment was able to reverse the abnormal gene expression of PPARA, SHBG, AKR1B1, PPARG, IGF1R, MMP9, AKT1, and INSR. CONCLUSIONS RES may target PPARA, SHBG, AKR1B1, PPARG, IGF1R, MMP9, AKT1, and INSR domains to act as a therapeutic agent for DKD. These findings comprehensively reveal the potential therapeutic targets for RES against DKD and provide theoretical bases for the clinical application of RES in the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Yanta Road No.277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia Medical University Affiliated People's Hospital of Autonomous Region of Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Yanta Road No.277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Yanta Road No.277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Gao Z, Gorenflo M, Kaelber DC, Monnier VM, Xu R. Drug repurposing for reducing the risk of cataract extraction in patients with diabetes mellitus: integration of artificial intelligence-based drug prediction and clinical corroboration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1181711. [PMID: 37274099 PMCID: PMC10232753 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1181711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the incidence of age-related cataracts. Currently, no medication is approved or known to delay clinical cataract progression. Using a novel approach based on AI, we searched for drugs with potential cataract surgery-suppressing effects. We developed a drug discovery strategy that combines AI-based potential candidate prediction among 2650 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs with clinical corroboration leveraging multicenter electronic health records (EHRs) of approximately 800,000 cataract patients from the TriNetX platform. Among the top-10 AI-predicted repurposed candidate drugs, we identified three DM diagnostic ICD code groups, such as cataract patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), or hyperglycemia, and conducted retrospective cohort analyses to evaluate the efficacy of these candidate drugs in reducing the risk of cataract extraction. Aspirin, melatonin, and ibuprofen were associated with a reduced 5-, 10-, and 20-year cataract extraction risk in all types of diabetes. Acetylcysteine was associated with a reduced 5-, 10-, and 20-year cataract extraction risk in T2DM and hyperglycemia but not in T1DM patient groups. The suppressive effects of aspirin, acetylcysteine, and ibuprofen waned over time, while those of melatonin became stronger in both genders. Thus, the four repositioned drugs have the potential to delay cataract progression in both genders. All four drugs share the ability to directly or indirectly inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme that is increased by multiple cataractogenic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Gao
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Maria Gorenflo
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - David C. Kaelber
- The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The Metro Health System, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Vincent M. Monnier
- Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Lin Q, Li K, Chen Y, Xie J, Wu C, Cui C, Deng B. Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Pathway and Mechanism-Based Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7. [PMID: 37115404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus with a high incidence. Oxidative stress, which is a crucial pathophysiological pathway of DPN, has attracted much attention. The distortion in the redox balance due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the deregulation of antioxidant defense systems promotes oxidative damage in DPN. Therefore, we have focused on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DPN and elucidated its interaction with other physiological pathways, such as the glycolytic pathway, polyol pathway, advanced glycosylation end products, protein kinase C pathway, inflammation, and non-coding RNAs. These interactions provide novel therapeutic options targeting oxidative stress for DPN. Furthermore, our review addresses the latest therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress for the rehabilitation of DPN. Antioxidant supplements and exercise have been proposed as fundamental therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients through ROS-mediated mechanisms. In addition, several novel drug delivery systems can improve the bioavailability of antioxidants and the efficacy of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kezheng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxue Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wencheng County People's Hospital, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Cui
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Tanawattanasuntorn T, Rattanaburee T, Thongpanchang T, Graidist P. Trans-(±)-Kusunokinin Binding to AKR1B1 Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Proteins Involved in Migration in Aggressive Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122347. [PMID: 36552555 PMCID: PMC9774946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic trans-(±)-kusunokinin ((±)KU), a potential anticancer substance, was revealed to have an inhibitory effect on breast cancer. According to the computational modeling prediction, AKR1B1, an oxidative stress and cancer migration protein, could be a target protein of trans-(-)-kusunokinin. In this study, we determined the binding of (±)KU and AKR1B1 on triple-negative breast and non-serous ovarian cancers. We found that (±)KU exhibited a cytotoxic effect that was significantly stronger than zopolrestat (ZP) and epalrestat (EP) (known AKR1B1 inhibitors) on breast and ovarian cancer cells. (±)KU inhibited aldose reductase activity that was stronger than trans-(-)-arctiin ((-)AR) but weaker than ZP and EP. Interestingly, (±)KU stabilized AKR1B1 on SKOV3 and Hs578T cells after being heated at 60 and 75 °C, respectively. (±)KU decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress marker, on Hs578T cells in a dose-dependent manner and the suppression was stronger than EP. Furthermore, (±)KU downregulated AKR1B1 and its downstream proteins, including PKC-δ, NF-κB, AKT, Nrf2, COX2, Twist2 and N-cadherin and up-regulated E-cadherin. (±)KU showed an inhibitory effect on AKR1B1 and its downstream proteins, similar to siRNA-AKR1B1. Interestingly, the combination of siRNA-AKR1B1 with EP or (±)KU showed a greater effect on the suppression of AKR1B1, N-cadherin, E-cadherin and NF-κB than single treatments. Taken together, we concluded that (±)KU-bound AKR1B1 leads to the attenuation of cellular oxidative stress, as well as the aggressiveness of breast cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanotnon Tanawattanasuntorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Thidarath Rattanaburee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Tienthong Thongpanchang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Potchanapond Graidist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-45-1184
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11
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Jinesh GG, Brohl AS. Classical epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and alternative cell death process-driven blebbishield metastatic-witch (BMW) pathways to cancer metastasis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:296. [PMID: 35999218 PMCID: PMC9399134 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a pivotal event that accelerates the prognosis of cancer patients towards mortality. Therapies that aim to induce cell death in metastatic cells require a more detailed understanding of the metastasis for better mitigation. Towards this goal, we discuss the details of two distinct but overlapping pathways of metastasis: a classical reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (hybrid-EMT)-driven transport pathway and an alternative cell death process-driven blebbishield metastatic-witch (BMW) transport pathway involving reversible cell death process. The knowledge about the EMT and BMW pathways is important for the therapy of metastatic cancers as these pathways confer drug resistance coupled to immune evasion/suppression. We initially discuss the EMT pathway and compare it with the BMW pathway in the contexts of coordinated oncogenic, metabolic, immunologic, and cell biological events that drive metastasis. In particular, we discuss how the cell death environment involving apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis in BMW or EMT pathways recruits immune cells, fuses with it, migrates, permeabilizes vasculature, and settles at distant sites to establish metastasis. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic targets that are common to both EMT and BMW pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goodwin G Jinesh
- Department of Molecular Oncology, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA. .,Sarcoma Department, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA.
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Department of Molecular Oncology, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA. .,Sarcoma Department, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA.
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12
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Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Reveal the Mechanism of Cassiae Semen against Cataracts. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5654120. [PMID: 35860180 PMCID: PMC9293494 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5654120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cassiae semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anticataract effects have not been fully explored. In this study, network pharmacology was used to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the actions of CS against cataracts, and molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding activity of proteins and compounds. qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA level of genes, and the cell apoptotic rate was measured using flow cytometry. We identified 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets, as well as 238 cataract-related targets. PPI networks were constructed, and fifty key targets were obtained. These key targets were enriched in the regulation of transcription, apoptotic process, and signal transduction pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated that the compounds of CS exhibited good affinity to some critical targets. Furthermore, CS prevented the apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells induced by UVB lights by decreasing the gene expression of CASP3, ESR1, and TP53 and increasing the CRYAB gene expression. The present study attempted to explain the mechanisms for the effects of CS in the prevention and treatment of cataracts and provided an effective strategy to investigate active ingredients from natural medicines. Further studies are required to verify these findings via in vivo and in vitro experiments.
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13
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Blocking of SGLT2 to Eliminate NADPH-Induced Oxidative Stress in Lenses of Animals with Fructose-Induced Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137142. [PMID: 35806147 PMCID: PMC9266761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia triggers an abnormal rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that leads to blindness in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and cataracts. In this study, the effects of dapagliflozin, metformin and resveratrol on ROS production were investigated in lens epithelial cells (LECs) of animals with fructose-induced DM. LECs were isolated from patients without DM, or with DM devoid of diabetic retinopathy. Animals were treated with 10% fructose for 8 weeks to induce DM, which was verified by monitoring blood pressure and serum parameters. For drug treatments, 1.2 mg/day of dapagliflozin was given for 2 weeks, 500 mg/kg/day of metformin was given, and 10 mg/kg/day of resveratrol was given. Dihydroethidium was used to stain endogenous O2˙− production in vivo of the LECs. Superoxide production was expressed in the cataract of DM, or patients without DM. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), GLUT5, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit p47/p67-phox, NOX4 and RAGE were significantly increased in LECs with DM. In addition, the dapagliflozin treatment reduced GLUT5, p47/p67-phox, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expressions. On the contrary, metformin or resveratrol inhibited p47-phox, GLUT5, and SGLT2 expressions, but not nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2). In summary, dapagliflozin, metformin or resveratrol down-regulated p47-phox expression through SGLT2 inactivation and ROS reduction. These important findings imply that SGLT2 can be blocked to ameliorate oxidative stress in the cataracts of DM patients.
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14
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Li X, Sun X, Li L, Luo Y, Chi Y, Zheng G. MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of LKB1 contributes to the development of diabetic cataract. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113191. [PMID: 35513074 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cataract (DC) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is a crucial event in the development of DC. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes EMT by regulating diverse targets. However, little is known about how MDM2 is involved in the pathogenesis of DC. We found the mRNA and protein levels of MDM2 were up-regulated in the lens of DC patients and rats. Thus, high glucose (HG)-induced human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) were constructed for further investigation. The results showed that the level of MDM2 was increased in HG-cultured HLECs, and the MDM2 knockdown alleviated HG-induced abnormal migration, EMT, and oxidative stress damage. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays demonstrated that MDM2 down-regulated LKB1 expression by ubiquitination degradation. LKB1 was found to be lower expressed in human and rat DC lenses, and HG-stimulated HLECs. Also, LKB1 overexpression mitigated HG-induced dysfunction of HLECs. Finally, our data showed that the changes related to EMT and oxidative stress induced by MDM2 knockdown were restored by down-regulation of LKB1. Together, MDM2 may involve in the pathogenesis of DC through down-regulating LKB1. MDM2 might be an effective therapeutical target of DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingjie Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangying Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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15
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Li X, Sun M, Cheng A, Zheng G. LncRNA GAS5 regulates migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lens epithelial cells via the miR-204-3p/TGFBR1 axis. J Transl Med 2022; 102:452-460. [PMID: 34916611 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00713-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cataract (DC) is a major ocular complication secondary to diabetes mellitus. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is an important event in DC progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs are involved in various biological processes and disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) and microRNA-204-3p (miR-204-3p) deregulation in the pathogenic mechanism of high glucose (HG)-stimulated LECs. The results show that GAS5 was up-regulated, whereas miR-204-3p was down-regulated in anterior lens capsule tissues of DC patients and in HG-treated LECs compared to their controls, respectively. Functional experiments suggest that the lentivirus-mediated depletion of GAS5, as well as overexpression of miR-204-3p, suppressed migration and EMT in HG-treated LECs. Further mechanistic studies revealed that lncRNA GAS5/miR-204-3p/type 1 receptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFBR1) has a regulatory role in the process. Collectively, we demonstrated that dysregulation of GAS5 affects lens epithelial cell migration and EMT under HG conditions via the miR-204-3p/TGFBR1 axis. The current findings may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of DC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Anran Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Guangying Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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16
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Zeng K, Xi W, Qiao Y, Huang X, Liu X. Paeoniflorin inhibits epithelial mesenchymal transformation and oxidative damage of lens epithelial cells in diabetic cataract via sirtuin 1 upregulation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5903-5914. [PMID: 35184653 PMCID: PMC8974002 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2018534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (Pae) has been reported to serve an important role in complications associated with diabetes. To the best of our knowledge, the role of Pae in diabetic cataracts has not yet been reported. Human lens epithelial SRA01/04 cells were induced by high glucose (HG) and subsequently treated with Pae. Cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. Moreover, LDH levels were detected. Immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting were used to determine the protein expression levels of N-cadherin and E-cadherin. ELISA was performed to determine oxidative stress-related indicator levels. TUNEL and Western blotting detected the apoptotic rate. The mRNA and protein expression levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in SRA01/04 cells were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Subsequently, cell transfection techniques were used to inhibit the expression of SIRT1 in cells. MTT, ELISA, IF, Western blotting and TUNEL assays were used to investigate the mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and oxidative damage with Pae in the diabetic cataract. Pae significantly increased cell viability and possibly inhibit the EMT and oxidative damage of SRA01/04 cells induced by HG. Pae was demonstrated to upregulate SIRT1 expression levels. The results therefore suggested that the downregulation of SIRT1 reversed the protective effect of Pae on EMT and oxidative damage in SRA01/04 cells induced by HG. In conclusion, Pae may inhibit EMT of lens epithelial cells and reduce oxidative damage in diabetic cataracts via the upregulation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zeng
- Cataract Department, Shenzhen Eye Hospital; Shenzhen Eye Institute; Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University; School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqun Xi
- Cataract Department, Shenzhen Eye Hospital; Shenzhen Eye Institute; Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University; School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanjiao Qiao
- Cataract Department, Shenzhen Eye Hospital; Shenzhen Eye Institute; Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University; School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaosheng Huang
- Cataract Department, Shenzhen Eye Hospital; Shenzhen Eye Institute; Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University; School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Cataract Department, Shenzhen Eye Hospital; Shenzhen Eye Institute; Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University; School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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17
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Wu CJ, Cheng PW, Kung MH, Ho CY, Pan JY, Tseng CJ, Chen HH. Glut5 Knockdown in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Alleviates Fructose-Induced Hypertension in Rats. J Nutr 2022; 152:448-457. [PMID: 34687200 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested mechanisms whereby excessive fructose intake increases blood pressure (BP). Glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5) is a fructose transporter expressed on enterocytes, and its involvement in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS)-modulated increase in BP following fructose intake remains unclear. OBJECTIVES Herein, we investigated whether NTS Glut5 knockdown (KD) can alleviate fructose-induced hypertension in rat models. METHODS Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (6-8 weeks old; average weight: 230 g) were randomly assigned into 4 groups [control (Con), fructose (Fru), fructose + scrambled (Fru + S), and Fru + KD]. The Con group rats had ad libitum access to regular water, and the other 3 groups were provided 10% fructose water ad libitum for 4 weeks (2 weeks before lentiviral transfection in the Fru + S and Fru + KD groups). Glut5 short hairpin RNA was delivered into the NTS of rats using a lentivirus system. Fructose-induced hypertension was assessed via the tail-cuff technique, a noninvasive blood pressure measurement approach. GLUT5-associated and other insulin signaling pathways in the NTS of rats were assessed using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analyses. We evaluated between-group differences using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS Compared with the Fru + S group, the Fru + KD group had reduced sympathetic nerve hyperactivity (48.8 ± 3.2 bursts/min; P < 0.05), improved central insulin signaling, upregulated protein kinase B (AKT; 3.0-fold) and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS; 2.78-fold) expression, and lowered BP (17 ± 1 mmHg, P < 0.05). Moreover, Glut5 KD restored signaling dependent on adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase and reduced fructose-induced oxidative stress 2.0-fold, and thus decreased NAD(P)H oxidase in p67-phox 1.9-fold within the NTS. CONCLUSIONS Fructose-induced reactive oxygen species generates in the NTS of rats through GLUT5 and receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling, thus impairing the AKT-nNOS-NO signaling pathway and ultimately causing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Jen Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsiang Kung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yi Ho
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yen Pan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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18
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3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-Thione Protects Lens Epithelial Cells against Fructose-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of AMPK to Eliminate AKR1B1-Induced Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071086. [PMID: 34356319 PMCID: PMC8301018 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies demonstrated that the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) formation in the lens epithelial cells (LECs) of diabetic cataracts. This work investigated how 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) reduces EMT formation in LECs of the fructose-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). LECs were isolated during cataract surgery from patients without DM or with DM. In a rat model, fructose (10% fructose, eight weeks) with or without D3T (10 mg/kg/day) treatment induced DM, as verified by blood pressure and serum parameter measurements. We observed that the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) was significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Aldose reductase (AKR1B1), AcSOD2, and 3-NT were significantly enhanced in the rat lens epithelial sections of fructose-induced DM, however, the phosphorylation level of AMPKT172 showed a reversed result. Interestingly, administration of D3T reverses the fructose-induced effects in LECs. These results indicated that AMPKT172 may be required for reduced superoxide generation and the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract. Administration of D3T reverses the fructose-induced EMT formation the LECs of fructose-induced DM. These novel findings suggest that the D3T may be a candidate for the pharmacological prevention of cataracts in patients with DM.
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19
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Mehdi MM, Solanki P, Singh P. Oxidative stress, antioxidants, hormesis and calorie restriction: The current perspective in the biology of aging. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 95:104413. [PMID: 33845417 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging, in a large measure, has long been defined as the resultant of oxidative stress acting on the cells. The cellular machinery eventually malfunctions at the basic level by the damage from the processes of oxidation and the system starts slowing down because of intrinsic eroding. To understand the initial destruction at the cellular level spreading outward to affect tissues, organs and the organism, the relationship between molecular damage and oxidative stress is required to understand. Retarding the aging process is a matter of cumulatively decreasing the rate of oxidative damage to the cellular machinery. Along with the genetic reasons, the decrease of oxidative stress is somehow a matter of lifestyle and importantly of diet. In the current review, the theories of aging and the understanding of various levels of molecular damage by oxidative stress have been emphasized. A broader understanding of mechanisms of aging have been elaborated in terms of effects of oxidative at molecular, mitochondrial, cellular and organ levels. The antioxidants supplementation, hormesis and calorie restriction as the prominent anti-aging strategies have also been discussed. The relevance and the efficacy of the antiaging strategies at system level have also been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bio-engineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Preeti Solanki
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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Liu X, Gong Q, Yang L, Liu M, Niu L, Wang L. microRNA-199a-5p regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in diabetic cataract by targeting SP1 gene. Mol Med 2020; 26:122. [PMID: 33276722 PMCID: PMC7718685 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a common ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, diabetic cataract is becoming a leading cause of visual impairment. The progression of diabetic cataract progression involves epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the precise role of which remains to be investigated. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, identification of aberrantly expressed miRNAs in diabetic lens epithelial cells (LECs) and their targets may provide insights into our understanding of diabetic cataract and potential therapeutic targets. METHODS Diabetic cataract capsules and LECs exposed to high glucose (25 mmol/L, 1-5 days) were used to mimic the model. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the differential expression of miRNA. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the binding target of miR-199a-5p. The expression of EMT-associated proteins was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Our results showed the differential expression of miR-9, -16, -22, -199a and -204. MiR-199a was downregulated in diabetic cataract capsule and hyperglycemia-conditioned human LECs. Specific protein 1 could be directly targeted and regulated by miR-199a in LECs and inhibit EMT in diabetic LECs. CONCLUSION Our findings implied miR-199a could be a therapeutic target by regulating SP1 directly to affect EMT in diabetic cataract and provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiaoyun Gong
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, #100 Haining Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory On Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lingzhi Niu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lufei Wang
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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21
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LncRNA MALAT1 Regulates miR-144-3p to Facilitate Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Lens Epithelial Cells via the ROS/NRF2/Notch1/Snail Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8184314. [PMID: 33274006 PMCID: PMC7683160 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8184314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cataract is a common complication of diabetes. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is a key event in the development of diabetic cataracts. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been reported to be highly expressed in different tissues of diabetic patients. This study is aimed at investigating the function and mechanism of MALAT1 in the regulation of EMT in human LECs under high glucose conditions. MALAT1, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) were highly expressed in the LECs of diabetic cataract patients and in the human LECs under high glucose conditions; meanwhile, the decreased expressions of E-cadherin and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) were detected. Knockdown of MALAT1 could significantly reduce ROS, prevent EMT, arrest S phase cell cycle, and suppress the expression of total NRF2 and its nucleus translocation in LECs. Furthermore, after NRF2 was knocked down, total NRF2, α-SMA, and FN in cells, and NRF2, Notch intracellular domain (NICD), and Snail were decreased in the nucleus. Using bioinformatics methods, we predicted that MALAT1 and NRF2 shared the same microRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p) combining site. Luciferase reporter coupled with qRT-PCR assays revealed that miR-144-3p was a target of MALAT1, which was confirmed to downregulate miR-144-3p in the LECs. In addition, after transfection of miR-144-3p mimics or inhibitor, western blot assay demonstrated that miR-144-3p negatively regulated the expression of total NRF2, α-SMA, and FN in cells, and NRF2, NICD, and Snail in the nucleus without affecting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). Finally, we confirmed that transfection of shMALAT1 inhibited NRF2 expression, and its mediated EMT could be rescued by miR-144-3p inhibitor; transfection of pcDNA3.1-MALAT1 promoted NRF2 expression, and its mediated EMT could be reversed by miR-144-3p inhibitor. In summary, we demonstrate that MALAT1 regulates miR-144-3p to facilitate EMT of LECs via the ROS/NRF2/Notch1/Snail pathway.
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LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 knockdown inhibits viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lens epithelial cells via miR-26a-5p/ITGAV/TGF-beta/Smad3 axis. Exp Eye Res 2020; 200:108251. [PMID: 32950535 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) takes part in diabetic cataract progression. This research aims to analyze the function and mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 on viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lens epithelial cells. METHODS 20 diabetic cataract posterior lens capsule tissues and normal samples were collected. Lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04) were stimulated via high glucose (HG). The levels of KCNQ1OT1, miR-26a-5p, integrin αV (ITGAV), TGF-β, Smad3 and phosphorylated (p)-Smad3 were measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Cell viability, migration and EMT were analyzed via MTT, wound healing, transwell and Western blot assays. The target relationship between miR-26a-5p and KCNQ1OT1 or ITGAV was determined via luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS KCNQ1OT1 was up-regulated and miR-26a-5p level was reduced in diabetic cataract tissues and HG-treated SRA01/04 cells. Silence of KCNQ1OT1 or miR-26a-5p up-regulation repressed cell viability, migration and EMT in SRA01/04 cells stimulated via HG. KCNQ1OT1 could target miR-26a-5p and controlled cell viability, migration and EMT via regulating miR-26a-5p. ITGAV was targeted via miR-26a-5p and positively regulated via KCNQ1OT1. ITGAV overexpression promoted cell viability, migration and EMT in HG-treated SRA01/04 cells, which were mitigated by KCNQ1OT1 silence. KCNQ1OT1 knockdown mitigated HG-induced the activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling by regulating miR-26a-5p. CONCLUSION KCNQ1OT1 knockdown represses cell viability, migration and EMT through miR-26a-5p/ITGAV/TGF-β/Smad3 axis in SRA01/04 cells under HG condition, providing a new target for the treatment of diabetic cataract.
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